EN 60721-2-9:2014

Classification of environmental conditions - Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Measured shock and vibration data - Storage, transportation and in-use

IEC 60721-2-9:2014 is intended to be used to define the strategy for arriving at an environmental description from measured data when related to a product's life cycle. Its object is to define fundamental properties and quantities for characterization of storage, transportation and in-use shock and vibration data as background material for the severities to which products are liable to be exposed during those phases of their lifecycle.

Klassifizierung von Umgebungsbedingungen - Teil 2-9: Natürliche Einflüsse - Beschreibung von Umgebungsbedingungen aus gemessenen Stoß- und Schwingungsdaten - Lagerung, Transport und Einsatz

Classification des conditions d’environnement - Partie 2-9: Conditions d’environnement présentes dans la nature – Données de chocs et de vibrations mesurées - Stockage, transport et utilisation

L'IEC 60721-2-9:2014 sert à définir la méthode de réalisation d'une description de l'environnement, qui se rapporte au cycle de vie des produits, à l'aide de données mesurées. Elle a pour objet de définir les propriétés et grandeurs fondamentales pour la caractérisation des données de chocs et de vibrations, pendant le stockage, le transport et l'utilisation des produits, en tant que données de base des sévérités auxquelles les produits sont susceptibles d'être exposés au cours des phases de leur cycle de vie.

Klasifikacija okoljskih pogojev - 2-9. del: Okoljski pogoji v naravi - Opredelitev opisovanja okolja na podlagi izmerjenih podatkov o udarcih in tresljajih: med hrambo, prevozom in uporabo

EN IEC 60721-2-9 je namenjen določanju strategij za doseganje opisovanja okolja na podlagi izmerjenih podatkov, kadar gre za življenjsko dobo proizvoda. Njegov namen je določiti osnovne lastnosti in količine za opredelitev hrambe, prevoza in uporabe na podlagi izmerjenih podatkov o udarcih in tresljajih kot temeljno gradivo za resnosti, ki so jim lahko izpostavljeni proizvodi v teh fazah svojega življenjskega cikla.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-May-2014
• Withdrawal Date: 09-Apr-2017
• ICS: 19.040 - Environmental testing
• Technical Committee: CLC/SR 104 - Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 104 - IEC_TC_104
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 23-May-2014
• Completion Date: 23-May-2014
• Ref Project: SIST EN 60721-2-9:2014 - Classification of environmental conditions - Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Defining an environmental description from measured shock and vibration data: Storage, transportation and in-use

Overview

EN 60721-2-9:2014 (IEC 60721-2-9:2014) defines a strategy for deriving an environmental description from measured shock and vibration data encountered during a product’s life‑cycle stages: storage, transportation and in‑use. The standard explains how to characterise measured acceleration-versus-time records and convert them into meaningful severity descriptions that inform test selections and environmental classification.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and objective: Establishes fundamental properties and quantities for characterising shock and vibration as background for severities products may experience in storage, transport and in‑use phases.
• Measured data format: Primarily deals with acceleration versus time records gathered at multiple locations and conditions.
• Random vs discrete excitation: Discusses differences between random vibration and discrete/sinusoidal components (e.g., rotating machinery, engines) and when mixed-mode considerations are required.
• Processing methods:
  • ASD envelope method (acceleration spectral density envelope) for creating smooth envelope spectra from measured data.
  • Normal Tolerance Limit (NTL) method to represent statistical extremes of a set of measured spectra (e.g., 95/50 NTL).
• Product axis handling: Procedures for known and unknown product axes to ensure consistent representation of directional vibration/shock exposure.
• Factoring and uncertainties: Guidance on applying factors to cover variables and unknowns in measurement campaigns.
• Data smoothing and averaging: Annex material covers octave/third‑octave averaging, standard slope curves, and algorithms for smoothing and enveloping spectra.
• Worked examples: Informative annexes demonstrate envelope and NTL calculations and processing workflows.

Applications and users

EN 60721-2-9:2014 is practical for:

• Test engineers and environmental testing laboratories selecting shock and vibration test severities.
• Design and reliability engineers specifying environmental robustness for products and packaging.
• OEMs and suppliers assessing field measured vibration for qualification and acceptance.
• Transport and logistics teams evaluating handling and transport-induced shock/vibration.
• Standards committees and compliance specialists mapping measured environments to test standards.

Use cases include converting field-measured acceleration records into ASD or NTL spectra to define random vibration tests, mixed-mode test plans, or to update environmental classification levels applied to a product’s lifecycle.

Related standards

• IEC/EN 60721 series (classification of environmental conditions)
• IEC 60721-3 (environmental levels)
• IEC 60068-2 series (shock and vibration test methods)

Keywords: EN 60721-2-9:2014, shock and vibration, environmental classification, storage transportation in-use, measured data, random vibration, ASD envelope, normal tolerance limit, product lifecycle.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2014
Klasifikacija okoljskih pogojev - 2-9. del: Okoljski pogoji v naravi - Opredelitev
opisovanja okolja na podlagi izmerjenih podatkov o udarcih in tresljajih: med
hrambo, prevozom in uporabo
Classification of environmental conditions - Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing
in nature - Defining an environmental description from measured shock and vibration
data: Storage, transportation and in-use
Classification des conditions d’environnement - Partie 2-9: Conditions d’environnement
présentes dans la nature – Définition d’une description de l’environnement à partir des
données de chocs et de vibrations mesurées: Stockage, transport et utilisation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60721-2-9:2014
ICS:
19.040 Preskušanje v zvezi z Environmental testing
okoljem
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60721-2-9

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2014
ICS 19.040
English Version
Classification of environmental conditions - Part 2-9:
Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Measured shock
and vibration data - Storage, transportation and in-use
(IEC 60721-2-9:2014)
Classification des conditions d'environnement - Partie 2-9: Klassifizierung von Umgebungsbedingungen - Teil 2-9:
Conditions d'environnement présentes dans la nature - Natürliche Einflüsse - Beschreibung von
Données de chocs et de vibrations mesurées - Stockage, Umgebungsbedingungen aus gemessenen Stoß- und
transport et utilisation Schwingungsdaten - Lagerung, Transport und Im-Betrieb
(CEI 60721-2-9:2014) (IEC 60721-2-9:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-04-10. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60721-2-9:2014 E
Foreword
The text of document 104/630/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60721-2-9, prepared by IEC TC 104
"Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC
parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60721-2-9:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2015-01-10
• latest date by which the document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2017-04-10
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60721-2-9:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60068-2 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2 (Series).
IEC 60721-3 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60721-3 (Series).
IEC 60068-2-6:2007 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-6:2008.
IEC 60721-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60721-1.

IEC 60721-2-9 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Classification of environmental conditions –

Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing in nature – Measured shock and

vibration data – Storage, transportation and in-use

Classification des conditions d’environnement –

Partie 2-9: Conditions d’environnement présentes dans la nature – Données de

chocs et de vibrations mesurées – Stockage, transport et utilisation

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX R
ICS 19.040 ISBN 978-2-8322-1446-6

– 2 – IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope and object . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 General . 6
3.1 Introductory remarks . 6
3.2 Storage . 7
3.3 Transportation . 7
3.3.1 Road . 7
3.3.2 Rail . 7
3.3.3 Air . 8
3.3.4 Sea . 8
3.4 In-use . 8
4 Shock and vibration data . 9
5 Description of the methods . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 ASD envelope method . 9
5.3 Normal tolerance limit method . 10
5.4 Product axis . 11
5.4.1 Known axis . 11
5.4.2 Unknown axis . 12
5.5 Factoring for variables and unknowns . 12
Annex A (informative) Worked example . 13
A.1 Envelope curve . 13
A.2 NTL curve calculation . 13
A.3 Processing of the envelope curve and NTL curve . 13
Annex B (informative) Method to smooth and envelop an environmental description
spectrum . 15
B.1 Original data . 15
B.2 Octave averaging . 15
B.3 Averaging method . 15
B.4 Standard slope curves . 16
B.5 Comparison of envelope and NTL curves . 17
Bibliography . 19

Figure A.1 – Comparison of curves 1 to 5 and the envelope curve 7 and 95/50 NTL
curve 6 . 14
Figure B.1 – 95/50 NTL envelope of data . 15
Figure B.2 – 95/50 NTL envelope of data . 16
Figure B.3 – 1/3 octave averaged with standard slopes . 17
Figure B.4 – Comparison of curves with increasing normal tolerance factors C . 18

Table 1 – Normal tolerance factors, C . 11
Table A.1 – Example of five hypothetical curves for random vibration . 13
Table A.2 – Calculation for the five hypothetical curves . 14

IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CLASSIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS –

Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing in nature –
Measured shock and vibration data –
Storage, transportation and in-use

FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60721-2-9 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 104:
Classification of environmental conditions.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
104/630/FDIS 104/632/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 4 – IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014
A list of all parts in the IEC 60721 series, published under the general title Classification of
environmental conditions, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 60721 is intended as part of the strategy for defining an environmental
description from measured data acquired at multiple locations whilst a product is either in
storage, being transported or in-use at weather or non-weather protected locations. This
measured data is normally in the form of acceleration versus time records. This, in turn, will
then allow appropriate severities to be chosen from the IEC 60068-2 series [1] of shock and
vibration test methods. Environmental levels given in IEC 60721-3 [2] should then be applied,
having been updated based upon the strategy described in this standard.
More detailed information may be obtained from specialist documentation, some of which is
given in the bibliography.
___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

– 6 – IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014
CLASSIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS –

Part 2-9: Environmental conditions appearing in nature –
Measured shock and vibration data –
Storage, transportation and in-use

1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60721 is intended to be used to define the strategy for arriving at an
environmental description from measured data when related to a product's life cycle.
Its object is to define fundamental properties and quantities for characterization of storage,
transportation and in-use shock and vibration data as background material for the severities
to which products are liable to be exposed during those phases of their lifecycle.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
None.
3 General
3.1 Introductory remarks
Shock and vibrations measured in storage, transportation platforms and in-use locations can
vary considerably from a basic sinusoidal character to pure random, which itself may or may
not be normally distributed. If it is the latter, it can be reasonably assumed that the process is
a sum of normally distributed random waves of differing amplitudes mixed in a complex
manner.
Rarely can a real world environment be classified purely as a sinusoidal vibration and is
normally associated with a discrete excitation mechanism such as rotating machinery, aero
engines, propellers and is normally mixed with an associated random vibration process. It is
then necessary for the specification writer to decide whether to conduct a random vibration
test only or to perform one of the mixed mode tests.
Associated with the vibration environment for each life-cycle stage is, potentially, a shock
environment which may produce much higher acceleration levels in certain circumstances.
Generally speaking, the frequency content for these shocks is contained within the 0 Hz to
200 Hz bandwidth for, say, transportation, assuming that the packaged product is firmly
secured to the transport platform base and is not therefore ‘bouncing around’. However, much
higher frequencies, maybe in the kHz range, may be present in the in-use stage, again
dependent upon the real world scenario.
The process described below is for a random vibration environment, since it is probably the
most common form of test conducted. Any statement made therefore about the random
process should be interpreted as applying to the alternative process. However, it can equally
be applied to the shock environment by calculating the shock response spectrum and
conducting the same process on this spectrum as for an acceleration spectral density (ASD)

IEC 60721-2-9:2014 © IEC 2014 – 7 –
spectrum. It is also equally applicable to sinusoidal data in the form of acceleration versus
frequency. However, special attention may be required for this data dependent upon the initial
process involved, that is, the acceleration involved, the r.m.s. value or the discrete value at
the frequency in question.
Other factors to be considered in this process include:
a) factoring for the random spectra, which may depend upon the eventual purpose of the test
programme, for example, robustness, qualification etc.;
b) statistical properties of the environment;
c) statistical properties of the product;
d) time – life cycle profile.
This clause looks at some of the general characteristics that can be expected from the
storage, transportation and use of a product.
3.2 Storage
During storage, the product is placed at a certain site for long periods, but not intended for
use during these periods. The storage location may be weather-protected, either totally or
partially, or non-weather-protected. In any case, in the storage environment the product will
undergo handling, thus it may be subjected to severe shock and vibration levels depending on
the type of handling devices and storage racks. As a consequence, the product may be
subjected to very benign, insignificant shock and vibration levels through to significant levels,
such as those transmitted from machines or passing vehicles, and maybe even higher levels
of shock and vibration such as that seen when stored close to heavy machines and conveyor
belts.
3.3 Transportation
3.3.1 Road
A shock and vibration environment is experienced any time a product is transported by road.
The main factors affecting the magnitude and frequency of such an environment are
– the design of the carrying vehicle,
– the velocity of the vehicle,
– the road profile,
– the position of the product in the vehicle,
– the reference axis for the vibration measurements with respect to the vehicle axi
...