EN 60099-5:1996
(Main)Surge arresters - Part 5: Selection and application recommendations
Surge arresters - Part 5: Selection and application recommendations
Provides recommendations for the selection and application of surge arresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1kV. It applies to non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters as defined in EN 60099-1 and to gapless metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in EN 60099-4.
Überspannungsableiter - Teil 5: Anleitung für die Auswahl und die Anwendung
Parafoudres - Partie 5: Recommandations pour le choix et l'utilisation
Comporte des recommandations pour le choix et l'emploi des parafoudres à utiliser sur des réseaux triphasés de tension nominale supérieure à 1kV. Elle concerne les parafoudres à résistance variable avec éclateurs conformes à la EN 60099-1, ainsi que les parafoudres à oxyde métallique sans éclateur conformes à la EN 60099-4.
Prenapetostni odvodniki - 5. del: Izbira in priporočila za uporabo (IEC 60099-5:1996, spremenjen)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1998
3UHQDSHWRVWQLRGYRGQLNLGHO ,]ELUDLQSULSRURþLOD]DXSRUDER ,(&
VSUHPHQMHQ
Surge arresters -- Part 5: Selection and application recommendations
Überspannungsableiter -- Teil 5: Anleitung für die Auswahl und die Anwendung
Parafoudres -- Partie 5: Recommandations pour le choix et l'utilisation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60099-5:1996
ICS:
29.240.10 Transformatorske postaje. Substations. Surge arresters
Prenapetostni odvodniki
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
CEI
NORME
INTERNATIONALE IEC
99-5
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1996-02
Parafoudres -
Partie 5:
Recommandations pour le choix et l'utilisation
Surge arresters -
Part 5:
Selection and application recommendations
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IEC Publication 99-5
Publication 99-5 de la CEI
(First edition - 1996)
(Première édition - 1996)
Surge arresters
Parafoudres
Part 5: Selection and application
Partie 5: Recommandations pour le choix
recommendations
et l’utilisation
C O R R I G E N D U M 1
Page 5
Page 4
FOREWORD
AVANT-PROPOS
Insert the following text between the first and
Ajouter le texte suivant entre le premier et le
the second paragraphs after note 6):
deuxième alinéa après la note 6):
The text of this standard cancels and replaces
Le texte de la présente norme annule et
IEC 99-1A, published in 1965.
remplace la CEI 99-1A, publiée en 1965.
April 1996
Avril 1996
99-5 ©IEC:1996 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 5
INTRODUCTION
Clause
SECTION 1: GENERAL
1.1 Scope
1.2 Normative references 9
1.3 General principles for the application of surge arresters 9
1.4 General procedure for the selection of surge arresters 11
1.5 Polluted housing arrester withstand 15
SECTION 2: NON-LINEAR RESISTOR TYPE GAPPED SURGE ARRESTERS
ACCORDING TO IEC 99-1
2.1 Characteristic data of gapped surge arresters
2.2 Selection of gapped arresters phase-to-earth 21
SECTION 3: GAPLESS METAL-OXIDE SURGE ARRESTERS
ACCORDING TO IEC 99-4
3.1 Characteristic data of gapless metal-oxide surge arresters 31
3.2 Selection of gapless metal-oxide surge arresters phase-to-earth 35
SECTION 4: APPLICATION OF ARRESTERS
4.1 Principle of insulation co-ordination 47
4.2 Protection from slow-front overvoltages 47
4.3 Protection from lightning overvoltages 51
SECTION 5: SURGE ARRESTERS FOR SPECIAL APPLICATION
5.1 Surge arresters for transformer neutrals 65
5.2 Surge arresters between phases 67
5.3 Surge arresters for rotating machines 69
5.4 Further special applications of surge arresters 71
5.5 Surge arresters for abnormal service conditions 71
SECTION 6: MONITORING (SUPERVISION)
6.1 General 73
6.2 Discharge counters 73
6.3 Monitoring spark gaps
6.4 Device for monitoring the continuous current
Annexes
A Determination of temporary overvoltages due to earth faults 75
B Current practice 87
Bibliography 89
C
99-5 ©IEC:1996 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
SURGE ARRESTERS —
Part 5: Selection and application recommendations
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization
comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to
promote international cooperation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and
electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards.
Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in
the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and
non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC
collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with
conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, express as nearly as possible an
2)
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has
representation from all interested National Committees.
The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the
3)
form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that
sense.
In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
4)
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
5)
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the
6)
subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 99-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 37: Surge
arresters.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
37/144/RVD
37/123/FDIS
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
Annexes A, B and C are for information only.
99-5 © IEC:1996 –7–
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 99 is intended to allow optimal selection and application of surge
arresters specified according to IEC 99-1 and IEC 99-4.
More complex calculation methods than those indicated here may be used in order to
obtain more precise determination of the requirement for the system concerned; however,
these calculations should be performed in accordance with the principles given in this
standard.
The characteristics of surge arresters derived from the application of this standard are
different for different systems. No particular numerical value may be favoured. It is likely,
however, that for some systems, or in some countries, the system reliability requirements
and design are sufficiently uniform that the recommendations of the present standard may
lead to the definition of narrow ranges of arresters. The user of surge arresters will, in that
case, not be required to apply the whole process introduced here, to any new installation
and he may reproduce the selection of characteristics resulting from prior practice.
Corresponding numerals may be introduced by national authorities in annex B.
99-5©IEC:1996 - 9 -
SURGE ARRESTERS —
Part 5: Selection and application recommendations —
Section 1: General
1.1 Scope
This part of IEC 99 provides recommendations for the selection and application of surge
arresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV. It applies
to non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters as defined in IEC 99-1 and to gapless
metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in IEC 99-4.
1.2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this
text, constitute provisions of this pa rt of IEC 99. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and pa
rties to
agreements based on this pa rt
of IEC 99 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of
applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members
of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 71-1: 1993, Insulation co-ordination - Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC 71-2: 1976, Insulation co-ordination - Part 2: Application guide
NOTE – The third edition of this standard is presently under revision.
IEC 99-1: 1991, Surge arresters - Part 1: Non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters
for a.c. systems
IEC 99-3: 1990, Surge arresters - Pa rt
3: Artificial pollution testing of surge arresters
NOTE – This Technical Report applies to gapped surge arresters according to IEC 99-1.
IEC 99-4: 1991, Surge arresters - Part 4: Metal-oxide surge arresters without gaps for a.c.
systems
IEC 507: 1991,
Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.
systems
IEC 815: 1986, Guide for the selection of insulators in respect of polluted conditions
1.3 General principles for the application of surge arresters
IEC 71-1 specifies withstand voltages for two ranges of highest voltages for equipment:
- range I: above 1 kV to 245 kV included
- range II: above 245 kV
-11 -
99-5 ©IEC:1996
For range I systems containing overhead lines, the main risk to equipment arises from
induced and direct lightning strokes to the connected overhead lines. In cable systems not
connected to overhead lines, overvoltages due to faults or switching operations are most
likely to occur. In rare cases, however, lightning induced overvoltages may also be
generated. In systems of range II, in addition to range I factors, switching overvoltages
become impo rtant, increasing with higher system voltages. Overvoltages may cause
flashovers and serious damage to the equipment and thereby jeopardize the supply
of power to users. It is essential to prevent this by the proper co-ordination of surge
arresters with the insulation. It is, therefore, recommended to use surge arresters if there
are possibilities of lightning overvoltages or high switching overvoltages which may be
dangerous to the equipment.
These surge arresters should constitute a reliable pa rt of the system. They are designed
to withstand the voltages and the resulting currents through them with a sufficiently high
reliability taking into account pollution and other site matters. In each system such voltage
stresses are (see IEC 71-1):
- operating voltage;
- temporary overvoltages;
slow-front overvoltages;
- fast-front overvoltages;
where the slow-front overvoltages due to switching are of particular importance for ar-
resters protecting range II equipment.
As a general principle, the best protection of equipment and high surge arrester rated
voltages are contradicting requirements. Thus the selection of an adequate arrester
constitutes an optimization process, which has to consider a great number of system and
equipment parameters.
Gapless metal-oxide surge arresters are of particular advantage for earthed neutral
systems, because they offer better protection against slow-front overvoltages. This
arrester type is today widely installed in these systems and the application of arresters for
such systems tends to concentrate on metal-oxide surge arresters. In some isolated or
resonant earthed neutral systems, where earth fault temporary overvoltages may have
long durations, gapped surge arresters may offer advantages, if protective levels are
required to be low. While being the surge arrester traditionally used in all voltage ranges,
the consideration of gapped arresters may be adequate for systems of range I, especially
in the lower voltage range.
1.4 General procedure for the selection of surge arresters
The following iterative procedure, shown in the flow diagram of figure 1, is recommended
for the selection of surge arresters:
- determine the continuous operating voltage of the arrester with respect to the
highest system operating voltage;
- determine the rated voltage of the arrester with respect to the temporary
overvoltages;
13 –
99-5 © IEC:1996 –
Continuous
Highest
operating voltage
operating voltage
I
Temporary
Rated voltage
overvoltages
I
Nominal
Lightning
•
discharge current
discharge current
I
+
Line discharge
Discharge
class
energy
Pressure relief
Fault current
class
Surge arrester
I
i i
Lightning impulse Switching impulse
Station
protection level
protection level
layout
+!
Prospective slow-
front overvoltage
Representative impinging
lightning overvoltage
+
Station
layout
•
Conductor length
+
between arrester
and protected object
A
Co-ordination
Co-ordination
switching impulse
lightning impulse
withstand voltage
withstand voltage
I •
Rated insulation level
No
Yes
Arrester selected
Figure 1 — Flow diagram for the selection of surge arresters
...
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