EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020

Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and stacks, including reversible operation

IEC 62282-8-101:2020 addresses solid oxide cell (SOC) and stack assembly unit(s). It provides for testing systems, instruments and measuring methods to test the performance of SOC cell/stack assembly units for energy storage purposes. It assesses performance in fuel cell mode, in electrolysis mode and/or in reversible operation. This document is intended for data exchanges in commercial transactions between cell/stack manufacturers and system developers or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in order to estimate the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document may selectively execute test items suitable for their purposes from those described in this document. Users can also substitute selected test methods of this document with equivalent test methods of IEC TS 62282-7-2 for SOC operation in fuel cell mode only.

Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-101: Energiespeichersysteme mit Brennstoffzellenmodulen im reversiblen Betrieb - Prüfverfahren zum Leistungsverhalten von Festoxid-Einzelzellen und -Stacks einschließlich reversiblem Betrieb

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-101: Système de stockage de l’énergie utilisant des modules à piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai pour la performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles à oxyde solide, comprenant le fonctionnement réversible

l'IEC 62282-8-101:2020 traite des entités d'assemblage de cellules/piles à oxyde solide (SOC). Elle fournit des méthodes de mesure et des instruments aux systèmes afin de soumettre à l’essai la performance des entités d’assemblage de cellules/piles SOC en matière de stockage de l’énergie. Elle évalue la performance des piles à combustible, des piles à électrolyse et/ou en fonctionnement réversible. Le présent document est destiné à être utilisé pour les échanges de données des transactions commerciales entre les fabricants de cellules/piles et les développeurs système, ou pour l’acquisition de données relatives à une cellule ou une pile permettant d’estimer la performance d’un système qui se base sur cette cellule/pile. Les utilisateurs du présent document peuvent choisir les éléments d’essai à exécuter selon leurs objectifs à partir de ceux décrits dans le présent document. Les utilisateurs peuvent également substituer les méthodes d’essai choisies dans le présent document avec des méthodes d’essai équivalentes données dans l'IEC TS 62282-7-2 pour les SOC fonctionnant en mode combustible seulement.

Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 8-101. del: Sistemi za shranjevanje energije, ki uporabljajo module gorivnih celic v obrnjeni smeri - Preskusni postopki za lastnosti enojne oksidne gorivne celice in sklada celic, vključno z obrnjenim delovanjem (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 16-Apr-2020
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: CLC/SR 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 105 - IEC_TC_105
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 17-Apr-2020
• Completion Date: 17-Apr-2020
• Ref Project: SIST EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and stacks, including reversible operation (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)

Overview

EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020 specifies standardized test procedures for the performance evaluation of solid oxide single cells and stacks (SOC) used in energy storage systems that employ fuel cell modules in reverse mode (reversible operation: fuel cell ↔ electrolysis). Published by CLC and harmonized with IEC 62282-8-101:2020, the standard defines measurement methods, test environments, instrumentation and reporting conventions to generate reliable performance data for cells and stack assembly units.

Key Topics

• Scope and purpose
  • Tests cover SOC cell and stack assembly units for fuel cell mode, electrolysis mode, and reversible operation.
  • Intended for data exchange in commercial transactions and for estimating system-level performance from cell/stack data.
• Test environment and safety
  • Requirements for experimental set-up, thermal management, gas handling, compression and pressure control, and safety equipment.
• Measurement instruments and uncertainty
  • Recommended instruments and measurement methods for gas flow, gas composition, temperatures, pressures, voltages, currents and impedance.
  • Emphasis on measurement uncertainty and traceable calibration to support comparable data.
• Core test procedures
  • Current–voltage (I–V) characteristics.
  • Effective reactant utilization.
  • Durability and cycling tests (current cycling, thermal cycling).
  • Temperature sensitivity and pressurized operation tests.
  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for separation of resistance components.
• Data acquisition and reporting
  • Stabilization, dwell and acquisition times, data post‑processing.
  • Detailed test report items, test unit description, test conditions, and uncertainty evaluation.
• Flexibility
  • Users may selectively execute test items and can substitute equivalent test methods from IEC TS 62282-7-2 for SOC operation in fuel cell mode only.

Applications

• Cell and stack manufacturers use the standard to produce validated performance data for datasheets and commercial exchanges.
• System developers and integrators apply test results to size, model and predict performance of energy storage systems that use SOCs in reversible operation (power-to-gas, hydrogen storage, grid balancing).
• Test laboratories and R&D teams implement repeatable procedures for benchmarking, quality control and durability assessment of solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysers.
• Regulatory and procurement bodies rely on standardized reports when comparing products or specifying procurement requirements.

Related Standards

• IEC 62282-8-101:2020 (original IEC text)
• IEC TS 62282-7-2 (equivalent test methods for SOC in fuel cell mode)
• Referenced measurement and calibration standards (thermocouples, gas analysis, flow measurement, uncertainty frameworks)

Keywords: EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020, solid oxide cell, SOC, reversible operation, test procedures, fuel cell modules in reverse mode, cell/stack performance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, current–voltage characteristics.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2020
Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 8-101. del: Sistemi za shranjevanje energije, ki
uporabljajo module gorivnih celic v obrnjeni smeri - Preskusni postopki za
lastnosti enojne oksidne gorivne celice in sklada celic, vključno z obrnjenim
delovanjem (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in
reverse mode - Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and
stacks, including reversible operation (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-101: Energiespeichersysteme mit
Brennstoffzellenmodulen im Umkehrbetrieb - Testprozeduren für Festoxid-
Brennstoffzellen, Einzelzellen oder Stack zur Ermittlung des Leistungsverhalten
einschließlich Umkehrbetrieb (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-101: Système de stockage de l’énergie
utilisant des modules à piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai pour la
performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles à oxyde solide, comprenant le
fonctionnement réversible (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020
ICS:
27.070 Gorilne celice Fuel cells
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62282-8-101

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2020
ICS 27.070
English Version
Fuel cell technologies - Part 8-101: Energy storage systems
using fuel cell modules in reverse mode - Test procedures for
the performance of solid oxide single cells and stacks, including
reversible operation
(IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 8-101: Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 8-101:
Système de stockage de l'énergie utilisant des modules à Energiespeichersysteme mit Brennstoffzellenmodulen im
piles à combustible en mode inversé - Procédures d'essai reversiblen Betrieb - Prüfverfahren zum Leistungsverhalten
pour la performance des cellules élémentaires et des piles von Festoxid-Einzelzellen und -Stacks einschließlich
à oxyde solide, comprenant le fonctionnement réversible reversiblem Betrieb
(IEC 62282-8-101:2020) (IEC 62282-8-101:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-03-24. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020 E

European foreword
The text of document 105/765/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62282-8-101, prepared by IEC/TC 105
"Fuel cell technologies" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC
as EN IEC 62282-8-101:2020.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2020-12-24
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2023-03-24
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-8-101:2020 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 62282-8-102 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-8-102
IEC 62282-8-201 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 62282-8-201

Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-485 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
- Part 485: Fuel cell technologies
IEC 61515 2016 Mineral insulated metal-sheathed EN 61515 2016
thermocouple cables and thermocouples
IEC 60584-1 - Thermocouples - Part 1: EMF EN 60584-1 -
specifications and tolerances
IEC 60584-3 - Thermocouples - Part 3: Extension and EN 60584-3 -
compensating cables - Tolerances and
identification system
ISO 5168 - Measurement of fluid flow - Procedures - -
for the evaluation of uncertainties
ISO 6141 - Gas analysis - Contents of certificates for EN ISO 6141 -
calibration gas mixtures
ISO 6142-1 - Gas analysis - Preparation of calibration EN ISO 6142-1 -
gas mixtures - Part 1: Gravimetric method
for Class I mixtures
ISO 6143 - Gas analysis - Comparison methods for EN ISO 6143 -
determining and checking the
composition of calibration gas mixtures
ISO 6145-7 - Gas analysis - Preparation of calibration EN ISO 6145-7 -
gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric
methods - Part 7: Thermal mass-flow
controllers
ISO 6974 series Natural gas - Determination of EN ISO 6974 series
composition and associated uncertainty
by gas chromatography
ISO 7066-2 - Assessment of uncertainty in the - -
calibration and use of flow measurement
devices - Part 2: Non-linear calibration
relationships
ISO 8756 - Air quality - Handling of temperature, EN ISO 8765 -
pressure and humidity data
IEC 62282-8-101 ®
Edition 1.0 2020-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode –

Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and stacks,

including reversible operation

Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 8-101: Système de stockage de l’énergie utilisant des modules à piles

à combustible en mode inversé – Procédures d'essai pour la performance

des cellules élémentaires et des piles à oxyde solide, comprenant

le fonctionnement réversible
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-7705-8

– 2 – IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols . 17
3.2.1 Abbreviated terms . 17
3.2.2 Symbols . 17
3.3 Flow rates . 21
4 General safety conditions . 21
5 Test environment . 22
5.1 General . 22
5.2 Cell . 23
5.3 Stack . 23
5.4 Experimental set-up . 24
5.4.1 General . 24
5.4.2 Electrode gas control equipment . 25
5.4.3 Thermal management equipment . 25
5.4.4 Electric power supply/load control equipment . 25
5.4.5 Measurement and data acquisition equipment . 25
5.4.6 Safety equipment . 25
5.4.7 Compression force control equipment . 25
5.4.8 Pressure control equipment . 25
5.5 Interface between test object and experimental set-up . 26
5.6 Parameter control and measurement . 27
5.7 Measurement uncertainty of TIPs and TOPs . 28
5.8 Mounting of the test object into the experimental set-up . 28
5.9 Stability criteria . 29
6 Measurement instruments and methods . 29
6.1 General . 29
6.2 Instrument uncertainty . 29
6.3 Recommended measurement instruments and methods . 30
6.3.1 Electrode inlet gas flow rate measurement . 30
6.3.2 Electrode gas composition measurement . 30
6.3.3 Electrode gas temperature measurement . 31
6.3.4 Electrode gas pressure measurement . 31
6.3.5 Electrode exhaust gas flow rate measurement . 31
6.3.6 Cell/stack assembly unit voltage measurement . 32
6.3.7 Cell/stack assembly unit current measurement . 32
6.3.8 Cell/stack assembly unit temperature measurement . 32
6.3.9 Compression force measurement. 32
6.3.10 Total impedance measurement . 32
6.3.11 Ambient condition measurement . 32
6.4 Test conditions and manufacturer recommendations . 33
6.4.1 Start-up and shut-down conditions . 33

IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020 – 3 –
6.4.2 Range of test conditions . 33
6.4.3 Stabilization, initialization conditions and stable state . 33
6.4.4 Dwell time, equilibration time, acquisition time . 33
6.5 Data acquisition method . 34
7 Test procedures and computation of results. 34
7.1 General . 34
7.2 Current-voltage characteristics test . 34
7.2.1 Objective of this test . 34
7.2.2 Test method . 34
7.2.3 Data post-processing . 35
7.3 Effective reactant utilization test . 35
7.3.1 Objective of this test . 35
7.3.2 Test method . 35
7.3.3 Data post-processing . 36
7.4 Durability test . 36
7.4.1 Objective of this test . 36
7.4.2 Test method . 37
7.4.3 Data post-processing . 37
7.5 Temperature sensitivity test . 37
7.5.1 Objective of this test . 37
7.5.2 Test method . 38
7.5.3 Data post-processing . 38
7.6 Separation of resistance components test via electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy . 39
7.6.1 Objective of this test . 39
7.6.2 Test method . 39
7.6.3 Data post-processing . 40
7.7 Current cycling durability test . 40
7.7.1 Objective of this test . 40
7.7.2 Test method . 41
7.7.3 Data post-processing . 41
7.8 Thermal cycling test . 41
7.8.1 Objective . 41
7.8.2 Test method . 41
7.8.3 Data post-processing . 42
7.9 Pressurized test . 42
7.9.1 Objective of this test . 42
7.9.2 Test method . 42
7.9.3 Data post-processing . 43
8 Test report . 43
8.1 General . 43
8.2 Report items . 43
8.3 Test unit data description . 43
8.4 Test condition description . 44
8.5 Test data description . 44
8.6 Uncertainty evaluation . 44
Annex A (normative) Detailed test procedures . 45
A.1 Test objective . 45
A.2 Test set-up . 45

– 4 – IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020
A.3 Current-voltage characteristics test (7.2). 46
A.3.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 46
A.3.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 46
A.3.3 Derived quantities . 47
A.3.4 Measurement of current-voltage characteristics . 47
A.4 Effective reactant utilization test (7.3) . 49
A.4.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 49
A.4.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 51
A.4.3 Derived quantities . 51
A.4.4 Measurement of effective reactant utilization . 52
A.5 Durability test (7.4) . 53
A.5.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 53
A.5.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 53
A.5.3 Derived quantities . 54
A.5.4 Measurement of durability . 54
A.6 Temperature sensitivity test (7.5) . 55
A.6.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 55
A.6.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 56
A.6.3 Derived quantities . 56
A.6.4 Measurement of temperature sensitivity . 57
A.7 Separation of resistance components test via electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (7.6) . 58
A.7.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 58
A.7.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 58
A.7.3 Derived quantities . 59
A.7.4 Measurement of resistance components via EIS . 59
A.7.5 Measuring range of frequencies . 59
A.8 Current cycling durability test (7.7). 60
A.8.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 60
A.8.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 60
A.8.3 Derived quantities . 61
A.8.4 Measurement of current cycling durability . 61
A.9 Thermal cycling test (7.8) . 64
A.9.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 64
A.9.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 65
A.9.3 Derived quantities . 65
A.9.4 Measurement of thermal cycling . 66
A.10 Pressurized test (7.9) . 68
A.10.1 Test input parameters (TIPs) . 68
A.10.2 Test output parameters (TOPs) . 69
A.10.3 Derived quantities . 69
A.10.4 Measurement of pressurized test . 69
Annex B (informative) Guidelines for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) . 71
B.1 General principles . 71
B.2 EIS test equipment and set-up . 72
B.3 Representation of results . 73
B.4 Analysis and simulation of data . 75
Annex C (normative) Formulae for calculation of utilization values . 76
C.1 Generic formulae . 76

IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020 – 5 –
C.2 Degradation . 76
C.3 Area-specific resistance (ASR) . 77
C.4 Temperatures . 77
Bibliography . 78

Figure 1 – Exploded schematic representation of a planar-type single cell test object
consisting of a SOC in a cell housing . 23
Figure 2 – Schematic representation of a planar-geometry SOC stack test object with N
RU including supporting structure (top and bottom plates) . 24
Figure 3 – Schematic representation of a test environment for a SOC cell/stack
assembly unit . 24
Figure 4 – Test environment with interfaces between SOC cell and experimental set-up . 26
Figure 5 – Test environment with interfaces between SOC stack and experimental
set‑up . 27
Figure A.1 – Qualitative representation of TIPs when carrying out a current-voltage
characteristics test for combined (SOFC and SOEC) operation . 48
Figure A.2 – Schematic representation of the current-voltage characteristics test
procedure for two consecutive set points k and k + 1 . 48
Figure A.3 – Schematic representation of a J-V curve in both electrolysis and fuel cell
modes . 49
Figure A.4 – Qualitative representation of TIPs when carrying out an effective reactant
utilization test varying the negative electrode reactant flow rate (q ), consisting
V,neg,in
of hydrogen and nitrogen . 52
Figure A.5 – Qualitative representation of TIPswhen carrying out a durability test (in
galvanostatic mode) . 55
Figure A.6 – Qualitative representation of TIPs when carrying out a temperature
sensitivity test . 57
Figure A.7 – Qualitative representation of TIPs when carrying out a current cycling
durability test . 63
Figure A.8 – Current profile of a SOEC system with fast switch on/off at thermoneutral
conditions . 64
Figure A.9 – Current profile of a SOEC system with fast switch on/off at exothermal
conditions . 64
Figure A.10 – Current profile of a load-following SOEC system and thermoneutral
conditions . 64
Figure A.11 – Current profile of a load-following SOEC system and exothermal
conditions . 64
Figure A.12 – General evolution of TIPs during test: continuous thermal cycling above
600 °C (in this case with zero electric current) . 67
Figure A.13 – General evolution of TIPs during test: thermal cycling below 600 °C with
gas and current changes (coupling with operation at constant current for instance) . 68
Figure B.1 – Input/output signals during electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS) of a solid oxide fuel/electrolysis cell . 72
Figure B.2 – Test set-up for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a planar solid
oxide fuel cell/electrolysis stack with 5 RUs . 73
Figure B.3 – Bode plot representing the modulus of impedance and phase angle
against excitation frequency . 74
Figure B.4 – Nyquist plot, representing conjugate imaginary part against real part of
impedance . 75

– 6 – IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020
Table 1 – Symbols . 18
Table 2 – Stability criteria for TIPs and TOPs as a reference . 29
Table 3 – Instrument uncertainty for each quantity to be measured . 30
Table A.1 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current-voltage characteristics test . 46
Table A.2 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for current-voltage characteristics test . 47
Table A.3 – Derived quantities for current-voltage characteristics test . 47
Table A.4 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for negative electrode reactant utilization test . 50
Table A.5 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for positive electrode reactant utilization test . 50
Table A.6 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for effective reactant utilization test . 51
Table A.7 – Derived quantities for effective reactant utilization test . 52
Table A.8 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for durability test . 53
Table A.9 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for durability test . 54
Table A.10 – Derived quantities for constant load durability test . 54
Table A.11 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for temperature sensitivity test . 55
Table A.12 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for temperature sensitivity test . 56
Table A.13 – Derived quantities for temperature sensitivity test . 56
Table A.14 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for EIS test . 58
Table A.15 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for EIS test . 59
Table A.16 – Derived quantities for EIS test . 59
Table A.17 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current cycling durability test within a
single operating mode (fuel cell or electrolysis) . 60
Table A.18 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for current cycling durability test covering
both operating modes (fuel cell and electrolysis) . 60
Table A.19 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for current cycling durability test . 61
Table A.20 – Derived quantities for current cycling durability test . 61
Table A.21 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for thermal cycling . 65
Table A.22 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for thermal cycling . 65
Table A.23 – Derived quantities for thermal cycling test . 66
Table A.24 – Test input parameters (TIPs) for pressurized testing . 69
Table A.25 – Test output parameters (TOPs) for pressurized testing. 69
Table A.26 – Derived quantities for pressurized test . 69
Table C.1 – Generic formulae . 76

IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules
in reverse mode – Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide
single cells and stacks, including reversible operation

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
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with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-8-101 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/765/FDIS 105/779/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell technologies,
can be found on the IEC website.

– 8 – IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
This document describes test methods for a single cell or stack (denoted as "cell/stack"
hereafter) that are intended for application to energy storage systems using solid oxide fuel
cells (SOFC) in combination with solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC), or directly using
reversible solid oxide cells (Re-SOC, see Note in Clause 1). The test methods aim to provide
guidelines for the characterization of real-time performance and durability of the cell/stack.
SOFC, SOEC and Re-SOC have a broad range of geometries (e.g. planar, tubular and their
variations) and size. As such, in general, peripherals like current collectors and gas manifolds
are unique to each cell or stack and are often incorporated into a cell or stack to form one
integrated unit. In addition, they tend to have a significant effect on the power generation
characteristics of the cell or stack. This document therefore introduces as its subject "cell/stack
assembly units", which are defined as those units containing not only a cell or a stack but also
peripherals.
This document is generally applicable to all types or geometries of SOFC, SOEC and Re-SOC,
unless where explicitly mentioned.
IEC 62282-8 (all parts) aims to develop performance test methods for power storage and
buffering systems based on electrochemical modules (combining electrolysis and fuel cells, in
particular reversible fuel cells), taking into consideration both options of re-electrification and
substance (and heat) production for sustainable integration of renewable energy sources.
Under the general title "Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules in reverse mode", the
IEC 62282-8 series will consist of the following parts:
• IEC 62282-8-101: Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide single cells and stacks,
including reversible operation
• IEC 62282-8-102: Test procedures for the performance of single cells and stacks with proton
exchange membranes, including reversible operation
• IEC 62282-8-103 : Alkaline single cell and stack performance including reversible operation
• IEC 62282-8-201: Test procedures for the performance of power-to-power systems
• IEC 62282-8-202 : Power-to-power systems – Safety
• IEC 62282-8-300 series : Power-to-substance systems
As a priority dictated by the emerging needs for industry and opportunities for technological
development, IEC 62282-8-101, IEC 62282-8-102 and IEC 62282-8-201 have been initiated
jointly and as a priority. These documents are presented as a package to highlight the need for
an integrated approach as regards the system application (i.e. a solution for energy storage)
and its fundamental constituent components (i.e. fuel cells operated in reverse or reversible
mode).
IEC 62282-8-103, IEC 62282-8-202 and IEC 62282-8-300 (all parts) are suggested but are left
for initiation at a later stage.

___________
Under consideration.
Under consideration.
Under consideration.
– 10 – IEC 62282-8-101:2020 © IEC 2020
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 8-101: Energy storage systems using fuel cell modules
in reverse mode – Test procedures for the performance of solid oxide
single cells and stacks, including reversible operation

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 addresses solid oxide cell (SOC) and stack assembly unit(s). It provides
for testing systems, instruments and measuring methods to test the performance of SOC
cell/stack assembly units for energy storage purposes. It assesses performance in fuel cell
mode, in electrolysis mode and/or in reversible operation.
This document is not applicable to small button cells that are designed for SOC material testing
and provide no practical means of reactant utilization measurement, or to single-chamber SOC.
This document is not intended to be applied to fuel cell/stack assembly units for power
generation purposes only, since this is covered in IEC TS 62282-7-2. Therefore, test methods
are not included in this document that are applicable to fuel cell mode only and that are already
described in IEC TS 62282-7-2.
This document is intended for data exchanges in commercial transactions between cell/stack
manufacturers and system developers or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in order to estimate
the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document may selectively execute test
items suitable for their purposes from those described in this document. Users can also
substitute selected test methods of this document with equivalent test methods of IEC TS
62282-7-2 for SOC operation in fuel cell mode only.
NOT
...