EN 60445:2017
(Main)Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
NEW!IEC 60445:2017 is available as IEC 60445:2017 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60445:2017 applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and installations. This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2010. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the text of the introduction has been moved into the scope in accordance with IEC Guide 104; b) colour codes for the identification of line conductors of DC systems; c) colour code for the identification of functional earthing conductor; d) update of Table A.1with colour codes for DC line conductors; e) conversion of notes containing non-mandatory requirements to normative text; f) the terminology is aligned with IEC 60050-195.
Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machine, le marquage et l’identification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
NEW!IEC 60445:2017 est disponible sous forme de IEC 60445:2017 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.L'IEC 60445:2017 s'applique à l'identification et au marquage des bornes de matériels électriques, tels que résistances, coupe-circuits à fusibles, relais, contacteurs, transformateurs, machines tournantes et, chaque fois que cela est possible, à des combinaisons de tels matériels (par exemple des ensembles) et s'applique aussi à l'identification des extrémités de certains conducteurs désignés. Il prévoit également des règles générales concernant l’utilisation de certaines couleurs ou de certains caractères alphanumériques pour identifier les conducteurs dans le but d’éviter toute ambiguïté et de garantir la sécurité de fonctionnement. Ces couleurs ou ces caractères alphanumériques destinés aux conducteurs doivent être appliqués aux câbles ou aux noyaux, aux barres omnibus, aux matériels et aux installations électriques. Elle a le statut d'une publication fondamentale de sécurité, conformément au Guide 104 de l’IEC. Cette sixième édition annule et remplace la cinquième édition de l’IEC 60445, parue en 2010. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente: a) le texte de l’introduction a été déplacé dans le domaine d’application conformément au Guide 104 de l’IEC; b) codes couleur permettant l’identification des conducteurs de ligne dans les systèmes à courant continu; c) code couleur permettant l’identification d’un conducteur de mise à la terre fonctionnelle; d) mise à jour du Tableau A.1intégrant les codes couleur des conducteurs de ligne à courant continu; e) conversion des notes comportant des exigences non obligatoires en texte normatif; f) la terminologie est alignée sur l’IEC 60050-195.
Osnovna in varnostna načela za vmesnik človek-stroj, označevanje in razpoznavanje - Razpoznavanje terminalov opreme, končnikov vodnikov in vodnikov
Ta dokument se uporablja za razpoznavanje in označevanje terminalov električne opreme, kot so upori, varovalke, releji, kontaktorji, transformatorji, motorji in, kadar je to primerno, za kombinacije takšne opreme (npr. sklope). Uporablja se tudi za razpoznavanje končnikov nekaterih navedenih vodnikov. Določa tudi splošna pravila za uporabo nekaterih barv ali alfanumeričnih oznak za razpoznavanje vodnikov, ki preprečujejo dvoumnost in zagotavljajo varno delovanje. Te barve vodnikov ali alfanumerične oznake so namenjene za uporabo na kablih ali jedrih, vodilih, električni opremi in napravah.
Ta osnovna varnostna publikacija je namenjena predvsem tehničnim odborom za pripravo standardov v skladu z načeli vodil IEC 104 in ISO/IEC 51.
Ni namenjena proizvajalcem ali certifikacijskim organom. Ena od pristojnosti tehničnih odborov je, da med pripravo publikacij uporabljajo osnovne varnostne publikacije, kadar je to primerno. Zahteve te osnovne varnostne publikacije se ne uporabljajo, razen če so izrecno navedene ali zajete v ustreznih publikacijah.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60445:2011
2VQRYQDLQYDUQRVWQDQDþHOD]DYPHVQLNþORYHNVWURMR]QDþHYDQMHLQ
UD]SR]QDYDQMH5D]SR]QDYDQMHWHUPLQDORYRSUHPHNRQþQLNRYYRGQLNRYLQ
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Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification -
Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
Grund und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung
von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machines, le
marquage et l'identification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de
conducteurs et des conducteurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60445:2017
ICS:
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60445
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2017
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 Supersedes EN 60445:2010
English Version
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking
and identification - Identification of equipment terminals,
conductor terminations and conductors
(IEC 60445:2017 + COR1:2017)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-
homme-machine, le marquage et l'identification - Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung von Anschlüssen elektrischer
Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
conducteurs et des conducteurs (IEC 60445:2017 + COR1:2017)
(IEC 60445:2017 + COR1:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-09-08. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 60445:2017 E
European foreword
The text of document 3/1313/FDIS, future edition 6 of IEC 60445, prepared by IEC/TC 3 "Information
structures and elements, identification and marking principles, documentation and graphical symbols"
was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60445:2017.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2018-06-08
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2020-09-08
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60445:2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60445:2017+COR1:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60079-11:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-11:2007 (not modified).
IEC 60601 Series NOTE Harmonized as EN 60601 Series.
IEC 61140:2016 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61140:2016 (not modified).
IEC 61666:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61666:2010 (not modified).
IEC 62491:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62491:2008 (not modified).
Superseded by EN 60079-11:2012 (IEC 60079-11:2011).
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60417-DB - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
IEC 60617-DB - Graphical symbols for diagrams - -
IEC Guide 104 - The preparation of safety publications and - -
the use of basic safety publications and
group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51 - Safety aspects - Guidelines for their - -
inclusion in standards
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 6.0 2017-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machine,
le marquage et l’identification – Identification des bornes de matériels, des
extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-4577-4
– 2 – IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Methods of identification . 9
5 Application of identification means . 10
6 Identification by colours . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Use of single colours . 11
6.2.1 Permitted colours. 11
6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor . 11
6.2.3 Line conductor in AC system . 11
6.2.4 Line conductor in DC system . 11
6.2.5 Functional earthing conductor . 11
6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations . 11
6.3.1 Permitted colours. 11
6.3.2 Protective conductor . 11
6.3.3 PEN conductor . 12
6.3.4 PEL conductor . 12
6.3.5 PEM conductor . 13
6.3.6 Protective bonding conductor. 13
7 Identification by alphanumeric notation . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles . 14
7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors . 16
7.3.1 General . 16
7.3.2 Neutral conductor . 16
7.3.3 Protective conductor . 16
7.3.4 PEN conductor . 17
7.3.5 PEL conductor . 17
7.3.6 PEM conductor . 17
7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor. 17
7.3.8 Protective bonding conductor earthed . 17
7.3.9 Protective bonding conductor unearthed . 17
7.3.10 Functional earthing conductor . 17
7.3.11 Functional bonding conductor . 17
7.3.12 Mid-point conductor . 17
7.3.13 Line conductor . 17
Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
for identification of conductors and terminals . 18
Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 20
Bibliography . 26
Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals . 14
IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017 – 3 –
Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: Two endpoints and two intermediate
points. 14
Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals . 15
Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: Six endpoints and six
intermediate points . 15
Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements . 16
Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors . 16
Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
identification of conductors and terminals . 18
– 4 – IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared by IEC technical committee 3: Information structures and
elements, identification and marking principles, documentation and graphical symbols.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2010.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the text of the introduction has been moved into the scope in accordance with
IEC Guide 104;
b) colour codes for the identification of line conductors of DC systems;
c) colour code for the identification of functional earthing conductor;
d) update of Table A.1 with colour codes for DC line conductors;
IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017 – 5 –
e) conversion of notes containing non-mandatory requirements to normative text;
f) the terminology is aligned with IEC 60050-195.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
3/1313/FDIS 3/1326/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex B lists all of the “in-some-country”
clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
standard.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The contents of the corrigendum of November 2017 have been included in this copy.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 6 – IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
1 Scope
This document applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment
such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever
applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the
identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules
for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of
avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric
notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and
installations.
This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the
preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities
of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in
the preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not
apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE The terms are sorted in alphabetical order in the English language.
IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
3.1
electric equipment
item used for such purposes as generation, conversion, transmission, distribution or utilization
of electric energy, such as electric machines, transformers, switchgear and controlgear,
measuring instruments, protective devices, wiring systems, current-using equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-16-01]
3.2
functional bonding conductor
conductor provided for functional-equipotential-bonding
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-16]
3.3
functional earthing
functional grounding (US)
earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment, for purposes other
than electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195/AMD1:2001, 195-01-13]
3.4
functional earthing conductor
functional grounding conductor, US
earthing conductor provided for functional earthing
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-15]
3.5
functional-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for operational reasons other than safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-16]
3.6
line conductor
DEPRECATED: phase conductor (in AC systems)
DEPRECATED: pole conductor (in DC systems)
conductor which is energized in normal operation and capable of contributing to the
transmission or distribution of electric energy but which is not a neutral or mid-point conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-08]
3.7
mid-point conductor
conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-07]
3.8
neutral conductor
conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-06]
– 8 – IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017
3.9
PEL conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a line
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-14]
3.10
PEM conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a mid-point
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-13]
3.11
PEN conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-12]
3.12
protective bonding conductor
DEPRECATED: equipotential bonding conductor
protective conductor provided for protective-equipotential-bonding
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-10]
3.13
protective bonding conductor earthed
protective bonding conductor with a conductive path to local earth
3.14
protective bonding conductor unearthed
protective bonding conductor without a conductive path to local earth
3.15
protective conductor
(identification: PE)
equipment grounding conductor, US
grounding electrode conductor, US
conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock
Note 1 to entry: The terms equipment grounding conductor and grounding electrode conductor are used in the US
depending on their application.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-09, modified – two synonyms and a note to entry
have been added.]
3.16
protective earthing
protective grounding, US
earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment, for purposes of
electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2001, 195-01-11]
IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017 – 9 –
3.17
protective earthing conductor
protective grounding conductor, US
protective conductor provided for protective earthing
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-11]
3.18
protective-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for the purposes of safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-15]
3.19
earth, verb
ground, verb,US
make an electric connection between a given point in a system of in an installation or in
equipment and a local earth
Note 1 to entry: The connection to local earth may be
– intentional, or
– unintentional or accidental
and may be permanent or temporary.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-08]
3.20
equipotential bonding
provision of electric connections between conductive parts, intended to achieve
equipotentiality
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-10]
3.21
equipotentiality
state when conductive parts are at a substantially equal electric potential
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-09]
4 Methods of identification
Where the identification of equipment terminals and of terminations of certain designated
conductors is considered necessary, it shall be effected by the use of one or more of the
following methods:
– the physical or relative location of the equipment terminals or of terminations of certain
designated conductors;
– a colour code for equipment terminals and terminations of certain designated conductors
in accordance with Clause 6;
– graphical symbols in accordance with IEC 60417. If additional symbols are required, these
shall be consistent with IEC 60617;
– an alphanumeric notation in accordance with the system laid down in Clause 7.
To keep consistency with the documentation, conductor and equipment terminal designation,
the alphanumeric notation is recommended.
– 10 – IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017
Identification of conductors by colours shall be in accordance with the requirements provided
in Clause 6. Identification of conductors by alphanumeric notation shall be in accordance with
the requirements provided in Clause 7.
NOTE It is recognised that for complex systems and installations additional marking and labelling are used for
reasons other than safety, see for example IEC 62491.
5 Application of identification means
The identifying colour, graphical symbol or alphanumeric notation shall be located on, or
adjacent to, the corresponding terminal.
When more than one identification method is used and confusion is possible, the correlation
between the methods shall be clarified in the associated documentation.
When no confusion is possible, the juxtaposition of numerical and alphanumeric notation may
be applied.
Terminals and conductors used for earthing are divided concerning their purpose of earthing
into the two basic concepts of protective earthing and functional earthing.
– If a terminal or conductor fulfils the requirements for both protective earthing and
functional earthing, it shall be designated as a protective earthing terminal or protective
earthing conductor, respectively.
– If the requirements for protective earthing are not met by a functional earthing terminal or
functional earthing conductor, it shall not be marked with an identification of a protective
earthing terminal or protective earthing conductor, respectively.
– The requirements for functional earthing are to be defined by the manufacturer or the
relevant product committee and should be specified within the documentation of the
equipment.
NOTE For example, requirements for handling EMC issues.
6 Identification by colours
6.1 General
For identification of conductors, the following colours are permitted:
BLACK, BROWN, RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE, VIOLET, GREY, WHITE,
PINK, TURQUOISE.
NOTE This list of colours is derived from IEC 60757.
The identification by colour shall be used at terminations and preferably throughout the length
of the conductor either by the colour of the insulation or by colour markers, except for bare
conductors where the colour identification shall be at termination and connection points.
Identification by colour or marking is not required for
– concentric conductors of cables,
– metal sheath or armour of cables when used as a protective conductor,
– bare conductors where permanent identification is not practicable,
– extraneous-conductive-parts used as a protective conductor,
– exposed-conductive-parts used as a protective conductor.
Additional markings, for example alphanumerical, are allowed, provided that the colour
identification remains unambiguous.
IEC 60445:2017 © IEC 2017 – 11 –
6.2 Use of single colours
6.2.1 Permitted colours
The single colours GREEN and YELLOW are only permitted where confusion with the
colouring of the conductors in accordance with 6.3.2 to 6.3.6 is not likely to occur.
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 60445:2017 is a standard published by CLC. Its full title is "Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors". This standard covers: NEW!IEC 60445:2017 is available as IEC 60445:2017 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60445:2017 applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and installations. This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2010. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the text of the introduction has been moved into the scope in accordance with IEC Guide 104; b) colour codes for the identification of line conductors of DC systems; c) colour code for the identification of functional earthing conductor; d) update of Table A.1with colour codes for DC line conductors; e) conversion of notes containing non-mandatory requirements to normative text; f) the terminology is aligned with IEC 60050-195.
NEW!IEC 60445:2017 is available as IEC 60445:2017 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60445:2017 applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and installations. This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2010. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the text of the introduction has been moved into the scope in accordance with IEC Guide 104; b) colour codes for the identification of line conductors of DC systems; c) colour code for the identification of functional earthing conductor; d) update of Table A.1with colour codes for DC line conductors; e) conversion of notes containing non-mandatory requirements to normative text; f) the terminology is aligned with IEC 60050-195.
EN 60445:2017 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 01.080.20 - Graphical symbols for use on specific equipment; 13.110 - Safety of machinery; 29.020 - Electrical engineering in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 60445:2017 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 60445:2010, EN IEC 60445:2021. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
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Die Norm EN 60445:2017 bietet eine umfassende Grundlage für die Identifizierung und Kennzeichnung von Terminals elektrischer Geräte wie Widerstände, Sicherungen, Relais und Transformatoren. Ihre Relevanz liegt in der Schaffung einheitlicher Standards, die nicht nur die Sicherheit, sondern auch die Effizienz in der Installation und Wartung elektrischer Systeme gewährleisten. Die Stärken dieser Norm sind vielfältig. Erstens gewährleistet sie durch die standardisierte Verwendung von Farb- und Alphanumeriknotationen Klarheit und reduziert die Gefahr von Missverständnissen, was für den sicheren Betrieb elektrischer Anlagen unerlässlich ist. Zweitens berücksichtigt die Norm aktuelle technische Entwicklungen, indem sie neue Farbcodes für die Identifikation von Leitern in Gleichstromsystemen sowie für funktionale Erdleiter eingeführt hat. Dies zeigt, dass die Norm mit Veränderungen in der Technologie und der Praxis Schritt hält. Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt dieser Norm ist ihre Ausrichtung auf die grundlegenden Sicherheitsprinzipien gemäß IEC Guide 104. Dies macht die Norm besonders wertvoll für technische Ausschüsse, die Normen entwickeln, da sie als Leitfaden dient, um konsistente und sichere Praktiken zu fördern. Zudem ist die Überarbeitung der Terminologie in Übereinstimmung mit IEC 60050-195 ein Schritt, der die Verständlichkeit und Anwendbarkeit der Norm verbessert. Insgesamt trägt die EN 60445:2017 entscheidend zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit und Klarheit im Umgang mit elektrischen Geräten und Installationen bei, was sie zu einem unverzichtbaren Dokument für Fachleute in diesem Bereich macht.
La norme EN 60445:2017 présente des principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour l'interface homme-machine, la signalisation et l'identification, en particulier concernant l'identification des terminaux d'équipement, des terminaisons de conducteurs et des conducteurs eux-mêmes. Son champ d'application est clairement défini et s'étend à divers équipements électriques tels que les résistances, les fusibles, les relais, les contacteurs, les transformateurs et les machines rotatives. De plus, elle traite des combinaisons de ces équipements, ce qui renforce son utilité pour les assemblages complexes. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, on note son engagement vers une identification claire et non ambiguë. Les règles qu'elle propose pour l'utilisation de certaines couleurs et notations alphanumériques visent à garantir la sécurité lors de l'opération des installations électriques. En intégrant des codes de couleur pour l'identification des conducteurs de systèmes DC et pour les conducteurs de mise à la terre fonctionnels, la norme améliore la praticité et la sécurité dans les installations électriques modernes. Un autre aspect important concernent les mises à jour techniques significatives apportées par rapport à l'édition précédente, permettant ainsi une meilleure compréhension et mise en œuvre. La conversion de notes non obligatoires en textes normatifs montre également une volonté de clarifier les exigences, facilitant ainsi la tâche des comités techniques lors de l'élaboration de normes conformes aux principes énoncés dans le Guide IEC 104 et le Guide ISO/IEC 51. L'actualité de cette norme, par le biais de la version redline IEC 60445:2017 RLV, permet de visualiser facilement les changements apportés, ce qui est essentiel pour les professionnels du secteur. En résumé, la norme EN 60445:2017 s'avère être un document central pour quiconque impliqué dans la normalisation des interfaces et de la sécurité électrique, garantissant une amélioration continue et une meilleure sécurité dans les pratiques industrielles.
The EN 60445:2017 standard represents a significant advancement in the realm of man-machine interfaces, specifically concerning the identification and marking of equipment terminals, conductor terminations, and conductors. Its comprehensive scope encapsulates a wide array of electrical equipment, including resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, and rotating machines. This inclusivity is a notable strength, as it addresses not only individual components but also the identification of combinations of such equipment, enhancing clarity and safety in complex systems. One of the key strengths of this standard is its robust framework for the identification of conductors through the use of specific colours and alphanumeric notations. This is crucial for mitigating ambiguity and ensuring the safe operation of electrical installations. The standard's emphasis on established colour codes and notational systems helps to streamline communication among technicians and in technical documentation, which is vital for compliance and operational efficiency. Additionally, the EN 60445:2017 standard serves a dual purpose as a basic safety publication, guiding technical committees in the formulation of new standards aligned with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. This alignment ensures that the standard not only meets current safety needs but also evolves in response to technological advancements and industry practices. Among the significant technical changes in this edition are the introduction of clear colour codes for different types of conductors, including DC systems and functional earthing conductors. These updates enhance the effectiveness of the standard and respond to the growing complexity of electrical systems. The careful transition of previous non-mandatory notes into normative text exemplifies the standard’s commitment to clarity and enforceability. In summary, the EN 60445:2017 standard stands out as an essential resource for the identification and marking of electrical equipment and conductors, enhancing safety and operational consistency with its inclusive scope and well-defined guidelines. Its relevance is underscored by the continual alignment with existing IEC and ISO standards, ensuring that it remains an integral part of contemporary electrical engineering practice.
SIST EN 60445:2018의 표준은 인체-기계 인터페이스, 마킹 및 식별을 위한 기본 및 안전 원칙을 다루고 있으며, 전기 장비의 터미널, 도체 종결부 및 도체의 식별에 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이 표준은 저항기, 퓨즈, 릴레이, 접촉기, 변압기, 회전 기계와 같은 다양한 전기 장비의 터미널 식별 및 마킹을 규정합니다. 이 표준의 강점은 안전한 운영을 보장하기 위해 명확한 색상 규칙과 알파벳 숫자 표기를 제공한다는 점입니다. 이 규칙은 도체의 혼동을 방지하고, 케이블이나 코어, 배선용 전bar, 전기 장비 및 설치 글에 적용됩니다. 또한, IEC 60445:2017은 IEC Guide 104 및 ISO/IEC Guide 51에 따라 표준 준비를 위한 기술 위원회를 위한 중요한 가이드 역할을 합니다. 이 표준의 적용 범위는 매우 넓으며, 이전 판(2010년)에 비해 상당한 기술적 변경사항을 포함하고 있습니다. 특히, DC 시스템의 선 도체 식별을 위한 색상 코드와 기능적 접지 도체 식별을 위한 색상 코드가 추가되었습니다. 이로 인해, 사용자들은 보다 일관성 있는 기준을 바탕으로 안전하게 전기 시스템을 설계하고 운영할 수 있습니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 60445:2018은 전기 장비의 식별 및 마킹 분야에서 매우 중요한 표준으로, 기술적 변화와 함께 지속적인 개선을 통해 안전성과 명확성을 제공하고 있습니다. 이번 접근을 통해 전기 시스템의 안전성이 향상되고, 품질 관리에 있어 중요한 기준으로 자리잡을 것입니다.
EN 60445:2017は、電気機器の端子、導体接続部および導体の識別に関する基本的および安全な原則を示す重要な標準です。この標準は、抵抗器、ヒューズ、リレー、コンタクタ、変圧器、回転機械などの電気機器の端子の識別とマーキングに適用されます。また、特定の導体の端末の識別にも適用され、色やアルファベットの記号を使って導体を識別するための一般的なルールを提供します。この目的は、曖昧さを避け、安全な操作を確保することにあります。 この標準の強みは、IEC 60445:2017が最新の技術的内容に基づいている点です。特に、直流システムのライン導体の識別のための色コードや、機能接地導体の識別用色コードの更新が含まれています。これにより、技術者や製造者は、一貫した規則に基づいて安全に作業を行うことができ、標準化の視点からも大きな意義を持っています。加えて、導体の色や符号についての更新は、国際的な一貫性を持たせ、各国での適用を容易にします。 さらに、EN 60445:2017はIECガイド104およびISO/IECガイド51に基づく基本安全出版物としての地位を持ち、技術委員会が標準を策定する際の基盤としても利用されます。このガイドラインは、今後の標準作成においても重要な役割を果たし、各種電気機器における安全性や識別性の向上に寄与することが期待されます。 この第六版は、2010年に発行された第五版を取り消し、置き換えるものであり、重要な技術的変更が盛り込まれています。このように、EN 60445:2017は、電気機器の端子および導体の識別を標準化する上で非常に関連性が高く、多くの利点を提供しているのです。
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