EN IEC 62282-4-102:2023

Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks - Performance test methods

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 is available as IEC 62282-4-102:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62282-4-102:2022 specifies the performance test methods of fuel cell power systems for propulsion and auxiliary power units (APU). This document covers fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than those for road vehicles. This document applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks. The following fuels are considered within the scope of this document: - gaseous hydrogen, and - methanol. This document covers the fuel cell power system as defined in 3.7 and Figure 1. This document applies to DC type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not exceeding DC 150 V for indoor and outdoor use. This document covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a. alignment of the Scope with the second edition of IEC 62282-4-101:2022; b. deletion of terms and definitions (previous entries 3.5, 3.10, and 3.15); c. addition of new terms in Clause 3: "delivered power" (3.13) and "regenerated power" (3.14); d. revision of symbols and their meanings in alignment with those of IEC 62282-3-201; e. replacement of "reference conditions" with "standard conditions" as seen in Clause 5; f. revision of the test method for the accessory load voltage spike test (13.3.2); g. addition of clarifications in Clause 14 (Power stability under operation); h. addition of a checklist for performance criteria dealt with in this document (Annex C).

Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 4-102: Antriebe mit Brennstoffzellen-Energiesystemen für elektrisch angetriebene Flurförderzeuge - Leistungskennwerteprüfverfahren

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-102: Systèmes à piles à combustible pour chariots de manutention électriques - Méthodes d’essai des performances

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62282-4-102:2022 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.L'IEC 62282-4-102:2022 spécifie les méthodes d’essai des performances des systèmes à piles à combustible pour la propulsion et les groupes auxiliaires de puissance (GAP). Le présent document couvre les systèmes à piles à combustible destinés à la propulsion, autres que ceux destinés aux véhicules routiers. Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes à piles à combustible utilisant de l’hydrogène gazeux et à ceux utilisant du méthanol direct pour les chariots de manutention électriques. Les combustibles suivants relèvent du domaine d’application du présent document: - hydrogène gazeux; et - méthanol. Le présent document traite du système à pile à combustible défini en 3.7 et à la Figure 1. Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes à piles à combustible de type à courant continu, d’une tension de sortie assignée maximale de 150 V en courant continu pour utilisation à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur. Le présent document concerne les systèmes à piles à combustible dont le conteneur de source de combustible est fixé à demeure, soit au chariot de manutention, soit au système à pile à combustible. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2017. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente: a. alignement du domaine d’application sur la deuxième édition de l’IEC 62282­4­101:2022; b. suppression de termes et de définitions (les entrées 3.5, 3.10 et 3.15 qui existaient précédemment); c. ajout de nouveaux termes à l’Article 3: "puissance fournie" (3.13) et "puissance régénérée" (3.14); d. révision de symboles et de leurs significations en vue d’un alignement sur ceux de l’IEC 62282-3-201; e. remplacement de "conditions de référence" par "conditions normales" comme vu à l’Article 5; f. révision de la méthode d’essai pour l’essai de pointe de tension des charges accessoires (13.3.2); g. ajout de clarifications à l’Article 14 (Stabilité de la puissance en fonctionnement); h. ajout d’une liste de contrôle pour les critères de performance traités dans le présent document (Annexe C).

Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 4-102. del: Elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi celicami za industrijske kamione na električni pogon - Preskusne metode zmogljivosti (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)

Standard IEC 62282-4-102:2022 je na voljo kot IEC 62282-4-102:2022, ki vsebuje mednarodni standard in njegovo različico z revizijami, ki prikazujejo vse spremembe tehnične vsebine v primerjavi s prejšnjo izdajo. Standard IEC 62282-4-102:2022 določa metode za preskušanje delovanja elektroenergetskih sistemov z gorivnimi celicami za pogone ali pomožnih napajalnih enot (APU). Ta dokument zajema sisteme z gorivnimi celicami za pogon, ki niso namenjeni cestnim vozilom. Ta dokument se uporablja za elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami na uplinjeni vodik in elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami na metanol za električno gnane industrijske kamione. Naslednji gorivi spadata na področje uporabe tega dokumenta:
– uplinjeni vodik; in
– metanol.
Ta dokument zajema elektroenergetski sistem z gorivnimi celicami, kot je opredeljen v točki 3.7 in na sliki 1. Ta dokument se uporablja za enosmerne elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami z nazivno izhodno enosmerno napetostjo največ 150 V za uporabo v zaprtih prostorih in na prostem. Ta dokument zajema elektroenergetske sisteme z gorivnimi celicami, pri katerih je posoda za gorivo trajno pritrjena na industrijski kamion ali elektroenergetski sistem z gorivnimi celicami.
Druga izdaja razveljavlja in nadomešča prvo izdajo, objavljeno leta 2017. Ta izdaja v primerjavi s prejšnjo vključuje naslednje pomembne tehnične spremembe:
a. uskladitev področja uporabe z drugo izdajo standarda IEC 62282-4-101:2022;
b. črtanje izrazov in opredelitev (prejšnji vnosi 3.5, 3.10 in 3.15);
c. dodajanje novih izrazov v točko 3: "dobavljena energija" (3.13) in "regenerirana energija" (3.14);
d. sprememba simbolov in njihovih pomenov v skladu s tistimi iz standarda IEC 62282-3-201;
e. zamenjava "referenčnih pogojev" s "standardnimi pogoji", kot je razvidno iz točke 5;
f. revizija preskusne metode za dodaten preskus skoka napetosti z obremenitvijo (13.3.2);
g. dodana pojasnila v točki 14 (Stabilnost napajanja med delovanjem);
h. dodan kontrolni seznam za merila učinkovitosti, ki jih obravnava ta dokument (dodatek C).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 02-Feb-2023
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• Technical Committee: CLC/SR 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 105 - IEC_TC_105
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 03-Feb-2023
• Due Date: 30-Jun-2023
• Completion Date: 03-Feb-2023
• Ref Project: SIST EN IEC 62282-4-102:2023 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks - Performance test methods (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)

Relations

• Replaces: EN 62282-4-102:2017 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks - Performance test methods
• Effective Date: 26-Jul-2021

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2023
Tehnologije gorivnih celic - 4-102. del: Elektroenergetski sistemi z gorivnimi
celicami za industrijske kamione na električni pogon - Preskusne metode
zmogljivosti (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered
industrial trucks - Performance test methods (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)
Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 4-102: Antriebe mit Brennstoffzellen-
Energiesystemen für elektrisch angetriebene Flurförderzeuge -
Leistungskennwerteprüfverfahren (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-102: Systèmes à piles à combustible
pour chariots de manutention électriques - Méthodes d’essai des performances (IEC
62282-4-102:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62282-4-102:2023
ICS:
27.070 Gorilne celice Fuel cells
43.080.10 Tovornjaki in priklopniki Trucks and trailers
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62282-4-102

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2023
ICS 27.070 Supersedes EN 62282-4-102:2017
English Version
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for
electrically powered industrial trucks - Performance test methods
(IEC 62282-4-102:2022)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-102: Brennstoffzellentechnologien - Teil 4-102: Antriebe mit
Systèmes à piles à combustible pour chariots de Brennstoffzellen-Energiesystemen für elektrisch
manutention électriques - Méthodes d'essai des angetriebene Flurförderzeuge -
performances Leistungskennwerteprüfverfahren
(IEC 62282-4-102:2022) (IEC 62282-4-102:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2023-01-24. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62282-4-102:2023 E

European foreword
The text of document 105/947/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62282-4-102, prepared by IEC/TC 105
"Fuel cell technologies" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC
as EN IEC 62282-4-102:2023.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-10-24
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2026-01-24
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62282-4-102:2017 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-4-102:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 61672-1 NOTE Approved as EN 61672-1
IEC 62282-3-200:2015 NOTE Approved as EN 62282-3-200:2016 (not modified)
IEC 62282-3-201 NOTE Approved as EN 62282-3-201
IEC 62282-4-101:2022 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62282-4-101:2022 (not modified)
ISO 5815 (series) NOTE Approved as EN ISO 5815 (series)
ISO 6976 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 6976
ISO 9000 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 9000
ISO 9001 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 9001
ISO 9004 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 9004
ISO 10523 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 10523
Annex A
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 62282-6-300 2012 Fuel cell technologies - Part 6-300: Micro EN 62282-6-300 2013
fuel cell power systems - Fuel cartridge
interchangeability
ISO 6798-1 - Reciprocating internal combustion engines - -
- Measurement of sound power level using
sound pressure - Part 1: Engineering
method
ISO 6798-2 - Reciprocating internal combustion engines - -
- Measurement of sound power level using
sound pressure - Part 2: Survey method
ISO 14687 - Hydrogen fuel quality - Product - -
specification
IEC 62282-4-102 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks –

Performance test methods
Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 4-102: Systèmes à piles à combustible pour chariots de manutention

électriques – Méthodes d’essai des performances

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-6175-0

– 2 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols . 11
5 Standard conditions . 13
6 Heating value base . 13
7 Test preparation . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Data acquisition plan . 14
8 Test set-up . 14
9 Instruments and measurement methods . 15
9.1 General . 15
9.2 Measurement instruments . 15
9.3 Measurement points . 16
9.4 Minimum required measurement systematic uncertainty . 17
10 Test conditions . 17
10.1 Laboratory conditions . 17
10.2 Installation and operating conditions of the system . 17
10.3 Indication of battery condition . 17
10.4 Determination of state of charge of the battery . 18
10.5 Quality of test fuel . 18
10.5.1 Hydrogen . 18
10.5.2 Methanol solution . 18
11 Fuel consumption test. 18
11.1 Hydrogen fuel consumption test . 18
11.1.1 General . 18
11.1.2 Test method . 18
11.1.3 Calculation of results . 19
11.2 Methanol fuel consumption test . 21
11.2.1 General . 21
11.2.2 Test method . 21
11.2.3 Calculation of average methanol fuel power input . 21
12 Electric power output test . 22
12.1 General . 22
12.2 Test method . 22
12.3 Calculation of average electric power output . 22
12.4 Computation of electric efficiency. 22
13 Type tests on operational performance . 23
13.1 Maximum power output test . 23
13.1.1 General . 23
13.1.2 Test method . 23
13.1.3 Processing of data . 23
13.2 Power cycling electric load test . 23

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
13.2.1 General . 23
13.2.2 Test method . 23
13.2.3 Processing of data . 23
13.3 Accessory load voltage spike test . 24
13.3.1 General . 24
13.3.2 Test method . 24
13.3.3 Processing of data . 24
14 Power stability under operation . 24
14.1 General . 24
14.2 Delivered power . 24
14.3 Regenerated power . 25
15 Type tests on environmental performance . 25
15.1 General . 25
15.2 Noise test . 25
15.2.1 General . 25
15.2.2 Test conditions . 26
15.2.3 Test method . 27
15.2.4 Processing of data . 27
15.3 Exhaust gas test . 27
15.3.1 General . 27
15.3.2 Components to be measured . 27
15.3.3 Test method . 28
15.3.4 Processing of data . 28
15.4 Discharge water test . 30
15.4.1 General . 30
15.4.2 Test method . 30
16 Test reports . 31
16.1 General . 31
16.2 Title page . 31
16.3 Table of contents . 31
16.4 Summary report . 31
16.5 Checklist for performance parameters . 31
Annex A (informative) Heating values for hydrogen and methanol at standard
conditions . 32
Annex B (informative) Guidelines for the contents of detailed and full reports . 33
B.1 General . 33
B.2 Detailed report . 33
B.3 Full report . 33
Annex C (informative) Checklist for performance criteria dealt with in this document . 34
Bibliography . 37

Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks . 9
Figure 2 – Example of a test set-up for hydrogen fuel . 14
Figure 3 – Example of a test set-up for methanol fuel . 15
Figure 4 – Energy flow for regenerated power and delivered power . 24
Figure 5 – Noise measurement points for fuel cell power systems . 26

– 4 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings for electric and thermal performance . 11
Table 2 – Symbols and their meanings for environmental performance . 12
Table 3 – Delivered power measurements . 25
Table 4 – Regenerated power measurements . 25
Table 5 – Correction values corresponding to the effect of background noise . 27
Table A.1 – Heating values for hydrogen and methanol at standard conditions . 32

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically
powered industrial trucks – Performance test methods

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62282-4-102 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105: Fuel cell technologies.
It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) alignment of the Scope with the second edition of IEC 62282-4-101:2022;
b) deletion of terms and definitions (previous entries 3.5, 3.10, and 3.15);
c) addition of new terms in Clause 3: "delivered power" (3.13) and "regenerated power" (3.14);
d) revision of symbols and their meanings in alignment with those of IEC 62282-3-201;
e) replacement of "reference conditions" with "standard conditions" as seen in Clause 5;
f) revision of the test method for the accessory load voltage spike test (13.3.2);

– 6 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
g) addition of clarifications in Clause 14 (Power stability under operation);
h) addition of a checklist for performance criteria dealt with in this document (Annex C).
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
105/947/FDIS 105/954/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell technologies,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282-4 provides consistent and repeatable test methods for the electric,
thermal and environmental performance of fuel cell power systems for electrically powered
industrial trucks.
The IEC 62282-4 series deals with categories such as safety, performance, and
interchangeability of fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road vehicles and
auxiliary power units (APUs). This document (IEC 62282-4-102) focuses on performance test
methods for fuel cell power systems used to drive industrial electric trucks, which are being
manufactured and used increasingly worldwide. This is because such applications are urgently
needed in the world.
This part of IEC 62282-4 describes type tests and their test methods only. No routine tests are
required or identified, and no performance targets are set in this document.
Fuel cell systems used in electrically powered industrial trucks, such as forklift trucks, use both
batteries and fuel cells, and so operate in several different modes. Similarly, forklift trucks
operate in different modes. The purpose of this document is to evaluate the fuel cell system in
the various combinations of fuel cell modes and forklift truck modes. This document breaks
down these different modes and provides a framework for designing and evaluating a fuel cell
system for use specifically in a forklift truck.
This part of IEC 62282-4 is intended to be used by either manufacturers of fuel cell power
systems used for electrically powered industrial trucks or those who evaluate the performance
of the systems used in them for certification purposes or both.
Users of this document can select and perform the tests they need from those described. This
document is not intended to exclude any other tests.

– 8 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for electrically
powered industrial trucks – Performance test methods

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 specifies the performance test methods of fuel cell power systems for
propulsion and auxiliary power units (APU). This document covers fuel cell power systems for
propulsion other than those for road vehicles.
This document covers the performance test methods of fuel cell power systems intended to be
used for electrically powered industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1, except for:
– rough-terrain trucks;
– non-stacking low-lift straddle carrier;
– stacking high-lift straddle carrier;
– rough-terrain variable-reach truck;
– slewing rough-terrain variable-reach truck;
– variable-reach container handler;
– pedestrian propelled trucks.
This document applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol
fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks. The following fuels are
considered within the scope of this document:
– gaseous hydrogen, and
– methanol.
This document covers the fuel cell power system as defined in 3.7 and Figure 1.
This document applies to DC type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not
exceeding DC 150 V for indoor and outdoor use.
This document covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently
attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system.
All systems with integrated energy storage systems are covered by this document. This includes
systems such as batteries for internal recharges or recharged from an external source.
The following are not included in the scope of this document:
– detachable type fuel source containers;
– hybrid trucks that include an internal combustion engine;
– reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems;
– fuel cell power systems intended for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres;
– fuel storage systems using liquid hydrogen.

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –

Key
EMD electromagnetic disturbance
EMI electromagnetic interference
NOTE A fuel cell power system can contain all or some of the above components.
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 62282-6-300:2012, Fuel cell technologies – Part 6-300: Micro fuel cell power systems –
Fuel cartridge interchangeability
ISO 6798-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines – Measurement of sound power level
using sound pressure – Part 1: Engineering method
ISO 6798-2, Reciprocating internal combustion engines – Measurement of sound power level
using sound pressure – Part 2: Survey method
ISO 14687, Hydrogen fuel quality – Product specification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
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– 10 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
3.1
noise level
sound pressure level produced by the fuel cell power system measured at a specified distance
in all operation modes
Note 1 to entry: Noise level is expressed in decibels (dB) and measured as described in 15.2.
3.2
background noise level
sound pressure level of ambient noise at the measurement point
3.3
battery
electrochemical energy storage device that either provides energy input to support parasitic
loads or provides electric energy output or both
Note 1 to entry: Back-up batteries for control software memory and similar applications are not included.
3.4
cold state
state of a fuel cell power system at ambient temperature with no power input or output
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-21-01]
3.5
discharge water
water discharged from the fuel cell power system including waste water and condensate
Note 1 to entry: Discharge water does not constitute part of a thermal recovery system.
3.6
fuel cell system electric efficiency
ratio of the average electric power output of a fuel cell power system for a given duration to the
average fuel power fed to the same fuel cell power system for the same duration
3.7
fuel cell power system
generator system that uses one or more fuel cell modules to generate electric power and heat
Note 1 to entry: The fuel cell power system for use with industrial trucks will be in one of the forms as outlined in
IEC 62282-4-101:2022, 3.9 and 3.10.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-09-01, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.8
fuel input
amount of hydrogen or methanol supplied to the fuel cell power system
3.9
fuel consumption
volume or mass of fuel consumed by the fuel cell power system under specified operating
conditions
3.10
minimum electric power output
minimum power output, at which a fuel cell power system is able to operate continuously at a
steady state
IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
3.11
rated power
maximum continuous electric power output that a fuel cell power system is designed to achieve
under normal operating conditions specified by the manufacturer
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-485:2020, 485-14-04, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]
3.12
test duration
time interval in which data points required for the computation of test results are recorded
3.13
delivered power
current and voltage delivery requirements of the industrial truck at various intervals as
necessary in order to maintain acceptable truck performance
3.14
regenerated power
electro-dynamic power in which the energy produced by the motors is fed into the contact line
or into energy storage on-board devices
Note 1 to entry: Examples of storage devices: batteries, flywheels.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-06-25, modified – The term "regenerative braking" has
been replaced with "regenerated power" and in the definition "braking" has been replaced with
"power".]
4 Symbols
The symbols and their meanings used in this document are given in Table 1 for electric and
thermal performance and in Table 2 for environmental performance, with the appropriate units.
Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings for electric and thermal performance
Symbol Definition Unit
M, m Molar mass, mass
M
Molar mass of fuel kg/mol
f
m
Fuel mass measured over the test duration kg
f
p Pressure
p Standard pressure (101,325 kPa (abs))
kPa (abs)
s
p Average fuel pressure
kPa (abs)
f
P Power
P Average net electric power output
kW
n
P
Average fuel power input
kJ/s
fin
E Input energy
E
Input energy of fuel per mass
kJ/kg
mf
E Input energy of fuel per volume
kJ/l
vf
E Total fuel input energy
kJ
fin
q
Mass flow rate
m
q Average mass flow rate of fuel under the test conditions
kg/s
mf
– 12 – IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022
Symbol Definition Unit
q
Volumetric flow rate
V
q Average volumetric flow rate of fuel under the test conditions l/min
Vf
q Average volumetric flow rate of fuel under standard conditions l/min
Vfs
H Heating value
H
Heating value of fuel on a molar basis under standard conditions kJ/mol
fs
H
Heating value of liquid mass kJ/kg
fl
t Time
Δt Test duration s, min
T Temperature
T Standard temperature (273,15 K)
K
s
T
Average fuel temperature
K
f
V, V
Volume, molar volume
m
V Total fuel volume measured over the test duration l
f
Standard molar volume of ideal gas (22,414 l/mol) (at standard temperature T = l/mol
V
ms
273,15 K and pressure p = 101,325 kPa)
W Electric energy
W
Electric energy output kW · h
out
η Efficiency
η Electric efficiency %
el
η Heat recovery efficiency %
th
η
Overall energy efficiency %
total
Table 2 – Symbols and their meanings for environmental performance
Symbol Definition Unit
φ Volume fraction
vol % or
φ
measured volume fraction of the component B
B,meas
ml/m
vol % or
φ
corrected volume fraction of the component B
B,corr
ml/m
φ (O ) measured O (oxygen) volume fraction in atmosphere at air inlet in dry state
vol %
at 2 2
φ (O ) measured O volume fraction in dry exhaust gas
vol %
ex 2 2
φ (CO)
corrected CO volume fraction in dry exhaust gas
ml/m
ex,corr
corrected total hydrocarbon (THC) volume fraction in dry exhaust gas (carbon
φ (THC)
ml/m
ex,corr
equivalent)
γ Mass concentration
γ (CO)
CO mass concentration in dry exhaust gas
mg/m
ex
γ (THC)
THC mass concentration in dry exhaust gas
mg/m
ex
ε Emission
ε(CO) mass of CO emission per energy of input fuel mg/kW · h
ε(THC) mass of THC emission per energy of fuel input mg/kW · h
α Atom ratio
IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 13 –
Symbol Definition Unit
α(THC) hydrogen to carbon atom ratio of the THC in the exhaust gas
ω Mass fraction
ω
mass fraction of methanol
B
5 Standard conditions
The standard conditions are specified as follows:
– standard temperature: T = 273,15 K (0 °C);
s
– standard pressure: p = 101,325 kPa (abs).
s
6 Heating value base
Except if otherwise specified, the given heating value of fuel shall be the low heating value
(LHV) or similar.
NOTE The heating values of hydrogen and methanol (LHV and HHV) are given in Annex A.
In cases where the LHV is applied for the calculation of energy efficiency, it is not necessary to
add the LHV, as shown below:
η , η , or η = XX %
el th total
If the higher heating value (HHV) is applied, the HHV shall be added to the value of energy
efficiency as follows:
η , η , or η = XX % (HHV)
el th total
7 Test preparation
7.1 General
Clause 7 describes typical items that shall be considered prior to the implementation of a test.
For each test, an effort shall be made to minimize uncertainty by selecting high-precision
instruments and planning the tests with attention to detail. Detailed test plans shall be prepared
by the parties to the test using this document as their basis. A written test plan shall be prepared.
The following items shall be considered for the test plan:
1) objective;
2) test specifications;
3) test personnel qualifications;
4) quality management standards (ISO 9000, ISO 9001 and ISO 9004, collectively known as
the ISO 9000 family, or other equivalent standards);
5) target uncertainty;
6) identification of measurement instruments (refer to Clause 9);
7) estimated range of test parameters;
8) data acquisition plan.
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7.2 Data acquisition plan
In order to meet the target uncertainty, proper duration and frequency of readings shall be
defined and data recording equipment shall be prepared before the performance test.
Automatic data acquisition using a personal computer or similar is preferable.
8 Test set-up
Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrate examples of test set-ups that are required to conduct fuel cell
power system testing with hydrogen fuel and methanol fuel, respectively, which are described
in this document. An electric load is connected to a fuel cell power system.

Key
AA
ammeter
VV
voltmeter
T
thermometer
pp
pressure gauge
qq
flowmeter
FF
integrating flowmeter
PP
electric power meter
WW
integrating electric power meter (electric energy meter)

a
To collecting device to measure volume (or weight), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen
demand (COD).
b
To collecting device to analyse components.
Figure 2 – Example of a test set-up for hydrogen fuel

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 15 –

NOTE See explanations of the symbols in Figure 2.
a
To collecting device to measure volume (or weight), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen
demand (COD).
b
To collecting device to analyse components.
Figure 3 – Example of a test set-up for methanol fuel
9 Instruments and measurement methods
9.1 General
Measurement instruments and measurement methods shall conform to the relevant
international standards. They shall be selected to meet the measurement range specified by
the manufacturer and the required accuracy of measurements.
9.2 Measurement instruments
Measurement instruments are listed according to their intended use:
a) apparatus for measuring voltage spikes: oscilloscope, high-frequency analysers;
b) apparatus for measuring the electric power input and output, and electric energy input and
output:
– electric power meters, electric energy meters, voltmeters, ammeters;
c) apparatus for measuring fuel input:
– flowmeters, integrating flowmeters, weight meters, pressure sensors, temperature
sensors;
d) apparatus for measuring ambient conditions:
– barometers, hygrometers, and temperature sensors;
e) apparatus for measuring the noise level:
– sound level meters as specified in IEC 61672-1 or other measuring instruments of
equivalent or better accuracy;
f) apparatus for measuring concentrations of the exhaust gas components:
– oxygen analyser (e.g. based on paramagnetic, electrochemical or zirconium oxide
sensors);
– carbon dioxide analyser (e.g. GC-MS or based on infrared absorption sensor);

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– carbon monoxide analyser (e.g. based on nondispersive infrared or electrochemical
sensor);
g) apparatus for determining the discharge water:
– graduated cylinder (for volume measurement), temperature sensor, pH meters, BOD
probes.
9.3 Measurement points
Measurement points for the different parameters are described below.
a) Hydrogen fuel flow rate:
Place a flowmeter for fuel on the fuel supply line to the fuel cell power system to measure
the fuel flow rate.
b) Hydrogen integrated fuel input:
Place an integrating flowmeter for fuel on the fuel supply line to the fuel cell power system
to measure the fuel input. The integrating flowmeter shall combine a flowmeter that
measures the fuel flow rate.
c) Methanol fuel input weight:
Place a weight meter under the fuel tank to measure the weight of fuel and tank together.
Methanol fuel input weight is measured by subtracting the weight after the test from that
before the test.
d) Fuel temperature:
Connect a thermometer or a thermocouple immediately downstream of the fuel flowmeter.
e) Fuel pressure:
Place a pressure meter immediately downstream of the fuel flowmeter to measure the gauge
pressure of fuel.
f) Electric power output:
Connect an electric power meter to the electric power output terminal of the fuel cell power
system and close to the system boundary.
g) Electric energy output:
Connect an electric energy meter to the electric power output terminal of the fuel cell power
system and close to the system boundary. The electric energy meter shall incorporate an
electric power meter that indicates electric power output.
h) Fuel composition:
The fuel used for the tests shall be sampled and analysed for its composition for each test
run.
i) Atmospheric pressure:
Place an absolute pressure meter adjacent to the fuel cell power system where it will not be
affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
j) Atmospheric temperature:
Place a thermometer adjacent to the fuel cell power system where the thermometer will not
be affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
k) Atmospheric humidity:
Place a hygrometer adjacent to the fuel cell power system where the hygrometer will not be
affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
l) Noise level:
Refer to 15.2.
m) Exhaust gas:
Place one or more exhaust gas collecting probes combined with a temperature sensor in
the exhaust stream at the exhaust gas outlet (refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3).

IEC 62282-4-102:2022 © IEC 2022 – 17 –
n) Discharge water:
Place a discharge water reservoir combined with a temperature sensor at the discharge
water outlet.
9.4 Minimum required measurement systematic uncertainty
The test equipment should be
...