EN 61161:2007
(Main)Ultrasonics - Power measurement - Radiation force balances and performance requirements
Ultrasonics - Power measurement - Radiation force balances and performance requirements
This International Standard - specifies a method of determining the total emitted acoustic power of ultrasonic transducers based on the use of a radiation force balance; - establishes general principles for the use of radiation force balances in which an obstacle (target) intercepts the sound field to be measured; -establishes limitations of the radiation force method related to cavitation and temperature rise; - establishes quantitative limitations of the radiation force method in relation to diverging and focused beams; - provides information on assessment of overall measurement uncertainties. This International Standard is applicable to: - the measurement of ultrasonic power up to 1 W based on the use of a radiation force balance in the frequency range from 0,5 MHz to 25 MHz; - the measurement of ultrasonic power up to 20 W based on the use of a radiation force balance in the frequency range 0,75 MHz to 5 MHz; - the measurement of total ultrasonic power of transducers, preferably with well-collimated beams; - the use of radiation force balances of the gravimetric type or force feedback type.
Ultraschall - Leistungsmessung - Schallfeldkraft-Waagen und Anforderungen an ihre Funktionseigenschaften
Ultrasons - Mesurage de puissance - Balances de forces de rayonnement et exigences de fonctionnement
La présente Norme internationale - prescrit une méthode pour déterminer la puissance ultrasonore totale émise par des transducteurs ultrasonores, basée sur l'usage d'une balance de forces de rayonnement; - établit les principes généraux pour utiliser les balances de forces de rayonnement dans lesquelles un obstacle dénommé cible intercepte le champ acoustique à mesurer; - établit des limitations de la méthode de forces de rayonnement relatives à la cavitation et à l'élévation de la température; - établit des limitations quantitatives de la méthode de forces de rayonnement par rapport aux faisceaux divergents; - fournit des informations concernant l'évaluation des incertitudes de mesurage globales. Cette Norme internationale est applicable: - au mesurage de la puissance ultrasonore jusqu'à 1 W par utilisation d'une balance de forces de rayonnement dans la plage de fréquence de 0,5 MHz à 25 MHz; - au mesurage de la puissance ultrasonore jusqu'à 20 W par utilisation d'une balance de forces de rayonnement dans la plage de fréquence de 0,75 MHz à 5 MHz; - au mesurage de la puissance ultrasonore totale de transducteurs, avec des faisceaux possédant de préférence une bonne collimation; - à l'utilisation de balances de forces de rayonnement de type gravimétrique ou à retour de force.
Ultrazvok - Močnostne meritve - Ravnotežje sevalnih jakosti in tehnične zahteve (IEC 61161:2006)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2008
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SIST EN 61161:2002
SIST EN 61161:2002/A1:2002
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Ultrasonics - Power measurement - Radiation force balances and performance
requirements (IEC 61161:2006)
Ultraschall - Leistungsmessung - Schallfeldkraft-Waagen und Anforderungen an ihre
Funktionseigenschaften (IEC 61161:2006)
Ultrasons - Mesurage de puissance - Balances de forces de rayonnement et exigences
de fonctionnement (IEC 61161:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61161:2007
ICS:
17.140.50
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61161
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2007
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.140.50 Supersedes EN 61161:1994 + A1:1998
English version
Ultrasonics -
Power measurement -
Radiation force balances and performance requirements
(IEC 61161:2006)
Ultrasons - Ultraschall -
Mesurage de puissance - Leistungsmessung -
Balances de forces de rayonnement Schallfeldkraft-Waagen
et exigences de fonctionnement und Anforderungen an ihre
(CEI 61161:2006) Funktionseigenschaften
(IEC 61161:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61161:2007 E
Foreword
The text of document 87/325/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61161, prepared by IEC TC 87, Ultrasonics,
was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC as EN 61161 on 2007-03-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61161:1994 + A1:1998.
The main significant changes are:
– the main body of the standard has been restricted to normative statements;
– informative statements on corresponding aspects of ultrasonic power measurement and radiation
force balances have been collected in Annex A;
– Annexes A, D, E and F are new;
– more radiation force balance arrangements are dealt with. The new material relates particularly to
power measurement of ultrasonic physiotherapy devices.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-12-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-03-01
The following print types are used:
– requirements: roman type;
– notes: small roman type;
– words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3.
The numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography (after the annexes).
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61161:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60601-2-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60601-2-5:2000 (not modified).
IEC 61157 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61157:1994 (not modified).
__________
- 3 - EN 61161:2007
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60050-801 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Chapter 801: Acoustics and electroacoustics
IEC 60854 1986 Methods of measuring the performance of - -
ultrasonic pulse-echo diagnostic equipment
IEC 60866 1987 Characteristics and calibration of - -
hydrophones for operation in the frequency
range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz
IEC 61101 1991 The absolute calibration of hydrophones EN 61101 1993
using the planar scanning technique in the
frequency range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz
IEC 61102 1991 Measurement and characterisation of EN 61102 1993
ultrasonic fields using hydrophones in the
frequency range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz
IEC 61689 1996 Ultrasonics - Physiotherapy systems - EN 61689 1996
Performance requirements and methods of
measurement in the frequency range
0,5 MHz to 5 MHz
IEC 61846 1998 Ultrasonics - Pressure pulse lithotripters - EN 61846 1998
Characteristics of fields
1)
Undated reference.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2006-12
Ultrasons – Mesurage de puissance –
Balances de forces de rayonnement
et exigences de fonctionnement
Ultrasonics – Power measurement –
Radiation force balances and
performance requirements
© IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés ⎯ Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
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Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
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61161 © IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.13
2 Normative references .13
3 Terms and definitions .15
4 List of symbols .17
5 Requirements for radiation force balances.17
5.1 General .17
5.2 Target type.19
5.3 Target diameter.19
5.4 Balance / Force measuring system .21
5.5 System tank .21
5.6 Target support structures .21
5.7 Transducer positioning .21
5.8 Anti-streaming foils.21
5.9 Transducer coupling.21
5.10 Calibration.21
6 Requirements for measuring conditions .23
6.1 Lateral target position.23
6.2 Transducer-target separation .23
6.3 Water .23
6.4 Water contact .23
6.5 Environmental conditions .23
6.6 Thermal drifts .23
7 Measurement uncertainty .25
7.1 General .25
7.2 Balance system including target suspension.25
7.3 Linearity and resolution of the balance system .25
7.4 Extrapolation to the moment of switching the ultrasonic transducer .25
7.5 Target imperfections.27
7.6 Reflecting target geometry .27
7.7 Lateral absorbers in the case of reflecting target measurements .27
7.8 Target misalignment.27
7.9 Ultrasonic transducer misalignment .27
7.10 Water temperature .27
7.11 Ultrasonic attenuation and acoustic streaming.27
7.12 Foil properties .27
7.13 Finite target size.27
7.14 Plane-wave assumption.27
7.15 Environmental influences .29
7.16 Excitation voltage measurement .29
7.17 Ultrasonic transducer temperature.29
7.18 Non-linearity.29
7.19 Other sources.29
61161 © IEC:2006 – 5 –
Annex A (informative) Additional information on various aspects of radiation force
measurements .33
Annex B (normative) Basic formulae .57
Annex C (informative) Other methods of ultrasonic power measurement.63
Annex D (informative) Propagation medium and degassing.65
Annex E (informative) Radiation force measurement with diverging ultrasonic beams .75
Annex F (informative) Limitations associated with the balance arrangements.83
Bibliography.93
Figure 1 – Section through an absorbing target.31
Figure 2 – Linearity check: balance readout as a function of the input quantity .31
Figure D.1 – Example of dissolved oxygen concentration as a function of time for
200 ml of vacuum degassed water in a glass with liquid surface area of 34 cm .69
Figure D.2 – Dissolved oxygen concentration as a function of time for 2 g/l, 4 g/l and
6 g/l of sodium sulphite in de-mineralized water and for different surface areas and
volumes of water.71
Figure E.1 – Piston result (oscillating curve) for P/cF as a function of ka, with "peak"
approximation (unbroken line) and the central, half-way curve (broken line)
representing the correction factor corr. .
...
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