CLC/TS 50574-2:2014
(Main)Collection, logistics & treatment requirements for end-of-life household appliances containing volatile fluorocarbons or volatile hydrocarbons - Part 2: specification for de-pollution
Collection, logistics & treatment requirements for end-of-life household appliances containing volatile fluorocarbons or volatile hydrocarbons - Part 2: specification for de-pollution
EN 50574:2012 gives the responsible take-back parties the task of defining target values. This Technical Specification provides applicable target values, characteristic numbers; sampling and analysis procedures, as well as monitoring and reporting requirements. Furthermore, this Technical Specification provides validation methodologies for tests and the daily business of the treatment plants as defined in EN 50574:2012.
Anforderungen an die Sammlung, Logistik und Behandlung von Altgeräten aus dem Haushalt, die flüchtige Fluorkohlenwasserstoffe oder flüchtige Kohlenwasserstoffe enthalten - Teil 2: Spezifikation zur Schadstoffentfrachtung
Exigences de collecte, logistique et traitement pour la fin de vie des appareils domestiques contenant des fluorocarbures volatils ou des hydrocarbures volatils - Partie 2: Spécifications de dépollution
Zahteve za zbiranje, logistiko in obdelavo izrabljenih gospodinjskih aparatov, ki vsebujejo hlapne fluoroogljike ali hlapne ogljikovodike - 2. del: Specifikacija za preprečevanje onesnaženja
Trenutno se uporablja standard EN 50574:2012, ki zajema zahteve za zbiranje, logistiko in obdelavo izrabljenih gospodinjskih aparatov, ki vsebujejo hlapne fluoroogljike ali hlapne ogljikovodike. Za primerjavo zbranih rezultatov na podlagi opisane metodologije za oceno učinkovitosti odstranjevanja onesnaževal je treba razviti normativne zahteve, kot so ciljne vrednosti, omejitve, karakteristična števila, zahteve glede spremljanja, vzorčenje in analitične metode.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2015
=DKWHYH]D]ELUDQMHORJLVWLNRLQREGHODYRL]UDEOMHQLKJRVSRGLQMVNLKDSDUDWRYNL
YVHEXMHMRKODSQHIOXRURRJOMLNHDOLKODSQHRJOMLNRYRGLNHGHO 6SHFLILNDFLMD]D
SUHSUHþHYDQMHRQHVQDåHQMD
Collection, logistics & treatment requirements for end-of-life household appliances
containing volatile fluorocarbons or volatile hydrocarbons - Part 2: specification for de-
pollution
Anforderungen an die Sammlung, Logistik und Behandlung von Altgeräten aus dem
Haushalt, die flüchtige Fluorkohlenwasserstoffe oder flüchtige Kohlenwasserstoffe
enthalten - Teil 2: Spezifikation zur Schadstoffentfrachtung
Exigences de collecte, logistique et traitement pour la fin de vie des appareils
domestiques contenant des fluorocarbures volatils ou des hydrocarbures volatils - Partie
2: Spécifications de dépollution
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TS 50574-2:2014
ICS:
13.030.30 Posebni odpadki Special wastes
97.030 (OHNWULþQLDSDUDWL]DGRPQD Domestic electrical
VSORãQR appliances in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 50574-2
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
November 2014
ICS 13.030.30; 13.030.40; 97.030
English Version
Collection, logistics & treatment requirements for end-of-life
household appliances containing volatile fluorocarbons or
volatile hydrocarbons - Part 2: specification for de-pollution
Exigences de collecte, logistique et traitement pour la fin de Anforderungen an die Sammlung, Logistik und Behandlung
vie des appareils domestiques contenant des von Altgeräten aus dem Haushalt, die flüchtige
fluorocarbures volatils ou des hydrocarbures volatils - Partie Fluorkohlenwasserstoffe oder flüchtige Kohlenwasserstoffe
2: Spécifications de dépollution enthalten - Teil 2: Spezifikation zur Schadstoffentfrachtung
This Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2014-09-30.
CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the TS available promptly
at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. CLC/TS 50574-2:2014 E
Contents Page
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Target values . 7
4.1 Step 1 . 7
4.2 Step 2: tv , tv . 7
VFC VHC
4.2.1 General . 7
4.2.2 Target values based on the quantity of potentially recoverable VFC and VHC blowing
agent calculated from the plant’s PU input stream . 8
4.2.3 Target values based on the theoretical mass of VFC and VHC blowing agent calculated
from the PU output fraction . 8
5 Characteristic numbers . 8
5.1 Step 1 . 8
5.1.1 Maximal ratio of VFC (according to rating plate) to mass of mixture of VFC and oil sucked
off: t . 8
max
5.1.2 Ratio of total quantity of VFC and oil recovered by vacuum extraction to the reduction in
the appliance mass after vacuum extraction has been completed: q . 8
Mtot
5.1.3 Number of oil containing refrigerating system: N . 9
5.1.4 Residual oil in compressors . 9
5.2 Step 2 . 9
5.2.1 Masses of PU for the individual appliance categories VFC 1–3 (i) and VHC 1–3 (i): w
i,VFC
and w . 9
i,VHC
5.2.2 Concentration of VFC in VFC-PU (input) and Concentration of VHC in VHC-PU (input): f
VFC
/ f . 10
VHC
6 Monitoring system and regular reporting (5.2 to 5.6 / Annex C of EN 50574:2012) . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Information to be monitored . 10
6.3 Targets for day-to-day business . 10
6.3.1 General . 10
6.3.2 Step 2 . 10
6.3.3 Step 2 and Step 3 . 11
6.4 Reporting . 11
7 Compliance evaluation . 11
8 Sampling and analytical methods . 11
8.1 General . 11
8.2 Sampling methods . 11
8.2.1 General . 11
8.2.2 Sampling of oil as base for the determination of residual VFC content . 12
8.2.3 Sampling of refrigerant as base for the determination of the chemical composition . 12
8.2.4 Sampling of PU fraction as base for the determination of residual VFC, VHC and foreign
matters content . 12
8.2.5 Sampling of metallic and plastics fractions as base for the determination of remaining PU
parts . 14
8.2.6 Sampling of blowing agents as base for the determination of chemical composition . 14
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8.3 Analytical methods . 15
Annex A (normative) List of countries in the geographical areas . 16
Annex B (informative) Structure of the monitoring and reporting system for the Step 1 and Step
2 activities . 18
Annex C (normative) Compliance evaluation . 20
C.1 Introduction . 20
C.2 Calculations for performance test step 1. 20
C.2.1 General . 20
C.2.2 Defective refrigeration systems . 20
C.2.3 Compressed air in refrigeration vessels . 20
C.2.4 Plausibility checks referring to the step 1 test . 20
C.3 Calculations for performance test step 2. 21
C.3.1 General . 21
C.3.2 Density of the blowing agents . 21
C.3.3 Determination of water in the vessel . 21
C.3.4 Plausibility checks . 21
Annex D (informative) Analytical procedures . 23
D.1 Determination of Residual VFC Content in Oil – Example 1 . 23
D.1.1 Extraction . 23
D.1.2 Analysis . 23
D.1.3 Chromatography Settings . 23
D.2 Determination of Residual VFC Content in Oil – Example 2 . 23
D.2.1 Analysis . 23
D.2.2 Analysis Repetition . 24
D.2.3 Chromatographic Settings . 24
D.3 Determination of Chemical Composition of the Output Refrigerants (VFCs/VHCs) from the
Step 1 . 24
D.4 Determination of residual VFC and VHC in PU fraction – Example 1 . 24
D.4.1 Preparation for Analysis in the Laboratory . 24
D.4.2 Analysis . 25
D.4.3 Analysis Repetition . 25
D.4.4 Chromatographic Settings . 25
D.5 Determination of Residual VFC in PU Fraction – Example 2 . 25
D.5.1 Analysis . 25
D.5.2 Analysis Repetition . 26
D.5.3 Chromatographic Settings . 26
D.6 Determination of foreign matters content in PU fraction . 26
D.6.1 Thermogravimetric Analysis- Example 1 . 26
D.6.2 Selective extraction Method- Example 2 . 27
D.7 Visual analysis method for residual PU on metal and plastics fractions . 28
D.8 Determination of chemical composition of the output blowing agents (VFCs/VHCs) from
the step 2 . 29
D.9 Determination of chemical composition of the collected acids or their neutralization
products from the combustion in step 3 . 29
D.9.1 General . 29
D.9.2 Chlorine analysis . 29
D.9.3 Fluorine analysis. 29
D.9.4 Sodium analysis. 29
D.9.5 pH measurement . 30
D.9.6 Analysis repetition . 30
D.10 Determination of Chemical composition of the alkaline solution from the step 3 . 30
D.10.1 General . 30
D.10.2 Chlorine analysis . 30
D.10.3 Fluorine and Sodium analysis . 30
D.10.4 pH measurement . 30
D.10.5 Analysis repetition . 30
D.11 Determination of VFC and VHC mass flow in raw gas and clean gas for step 3 . 31
D.11.1 General . 31
D.11.2 Blowing agent in the raw gas . 31
D.11.3 Blowing agent in the clean gas . 31
D.11.4 Blowing agent recovered . 31
Bibliography . 32
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Foreword
This document (CLC/TS 50574-2:2014) has been prepared by CLC/TC 111X “Environment”.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association.
Introduction
This Technical Specification is intended to support EN 50574:2012 by providing further normative
requirements for the assessment of de-pollution for treatment of end-of-life household appliances containing
volatile fluorocarbons or volatile hydrocarbons.
Any characteristic numbers and target values within this Technical Specification are based on evidence
gathered by technical experts over a time period of more than two years when performing test according to
EN 50574:2012.
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1 Scope
EN 50574:2012 gives the responsible take-back parties the task of defining target values. This Technical
Specification provides applicable target values, characteristic numbers; sampling and analysis procedures, as
well as monitoring and reporting requirements. Furthermore, this Technical Specification provides validation
methodologies for tests and the daily business of the treatment plants as defined in EN 50574:2012.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50574:2012, Collection, logistics & treatment requirements for end-of-life household appliances containing
volatile fluorocarbons or volatile hydrocarbons
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 50574:2012 and the following apply.
3.1
characteristic numbers
values of parameters (except target values and limit values) used to determine VFC and VHC recovery
performance for step 1 (e.g. q , S ), step 2 (e.g. f , f ) and step 3, and values of parameters used to
Mtot , k , VFC VHC
assess certain results of the plant performance audit (e.g. t in step 1 and w and w in step 2)
max i,VFC i,VHC
3.2
monitoring
system to acquire and store quantitative information about the material input and material output streams of
the treatment facility (step 1, step 2, step 3) and related calculation of the recovery performance
Note 1 to entry: The scope of the required monitoring procedures is detailed in 5.5 in EN 50574:2012.
3.3
reporting
all information used to notify the results of the monitoring system
Note 1 to entry: The scope and content of the information to be reported is detailed in 5.6 in EN 50574:2012.
4 Target values
4.1 Step 1
A.2.7 of EN 50574:2012 define the target values for step 1 treatment.
4.2 Step 2: tv , tv
VFC VHC
4.2.1 General
Clause 6 of EN 50574:2012 requires that target values for the recovery of VFCs and VHCs for Step 2
treatment (tv , tv ) shall be defined.
VFC VHC
The target values (tv and tv ) represent the minimum masses of VFC and VHC to be recovered per
VFC VHC
kilogram of VFC-PU or VHC-PU foam respectively. The target value tv is calculated either from M , which
VFC VFC
is the “potentially recoverable” mass of VFC based on the VFC-PU foam in the plant’s PU input stream, or
from D , which is the mass of VFC blowing agent determined based on the plant’s PU output stream. The
VFC
target value tv is defined analogously in those cases where there will be no on-site step 3 treatment after
VHC
step 2 treatment.
4.2.2 Target values based on the quantity of potentially recoverable VFC and VHC blowing agent
calculated from the plant’s PU input stream
The total amount of potentially recoverable blowing agent (VFC and VHC) is calculated as: M = M + M
tot VFC VHC.
NOTE The formulas for calculating M and M are presented in Annex B of EN 50574:2012.
VFC VHC
The target value tv is calculated using the formula: 0,9 x M / PU (expressed as g VFC per kg PU ).
VFC VFC VFC VFC
The target value tv is calculated using the formula: 0,9 x M / PU (expressed as g VHC per kg PU ).
VHC VHC VHC VHC
4.2.3 Target values based on the theoretical mass of VFC and VHC blowing agent calculated from
the PU output fraction
The total theoretical quantity of blowing agent based on the PU output fraction is calculated as:
D = D + D
tot VFC VHC
NOTE The formulas for calculating D and D are given in Annex B of EN 50574:2012.
VFC VHC
The target value tv is calculated using the formula: 0,9 x D / PU (expressed as g VFC per kg PU ).
VFC VFC VFC VFC
The target value tv is calculated using the formula: 0,9 x D / PU (expressed as g VHC per kg PU ).
VHC VHC VHC VHC
5 Characteristic numbers
5.1 Step 1
5.1.1 Maximal ratio of VFC (according to rating plate) to mass of mixture of VFC and oil sucked off:
t
max
According to A.2.6 c) in EN 50574:2012, a value (t ) for the parameter t shall be specified, above which an
max
individual appliance undergoing step 1 treatment shall be deemed to be defective. The parameter t is
computed as the ratio of the potentially recoverable quantity of VFC to the effective reduction in mass (S )
k
resulting from the vacuum extraction of the refrigerant and oil mix from the refrigerating system. A threshold
value of t = 0,57 shall be used in case of completely emptied compressors.
max
NOTE If the step 1 process does not completely remove the refrigerants and oil, then the t value is not applicable and
has no plausible relation with t .
max
In addition to the evaluation based on t , the quantity of VFC and oil removed by vacuum extraction shall be
max
assessed. A completely emptied refrigerating system shall be deemed as defective if S < 0,24 kg.
k
5.1.2 Ratio of total quantity of VFC and oil recovered by vacuum extraction to the reduction in the
appliance mass after vacuum extraction has been completed: q
Mtot
According to A.2.6 a) in EN 50574:2012, a mass balance analysis shall be carried out by calculating the ratio
(q ) of the sum of the total mass of VFC recovered and the total mass of oil recovered (outR + outL) to the
Mtot
total mass reduction (S) of all appliances after vacuum extraction has been completed. This ratio q is a
Mtot
measure of the total system performance in terms of the overall quantity of oil and refrigerant recovered.
A value of q > 0,95 and < 1,05 is deemed plausible.
Mtot
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5.1.3 Number of oil containing refrigerating system: N
According to A.2.6 e) in EN 50574:2012, the average quantity of oil per refrigerating system is calculated by
dividing the total mass of oil recovered (outL) by the number of refrigerating systems containing oil (N). The
result (V ) represents the quantity of oil recovered per refrigerating system. The parameter N refers to the
L
number of appliances for which S > 0,050 kg.
k
5.1.4 Residual oil in compressors
According to 5.2 (1) in EN 50574:2012 all oil shall be removed from the refrigerating system. All oil shall be
considered removed if the average residual amount of oil in the opened compressors is less than 10 g.
If the average residual amount of oil in the opened compressors according to A.2.6 of EN 50574:2012
exceeds the limit of 10 g then the residual amount of other compressors from the test shall be determined.
NOTE In order to get a representative figure one could measure the total amount of residual oil left in all the
compressors.
5.2 Step 2
5.2.1 Masses of PU for the individual appliance categories VFC 1–3 (i) and VHC 1–3 (i): w and
i,VFC
w
i,VHC
According to Clause 6 in EN 50574:2012, the mass of PU originally present in the individual appliance
categories (w , w , w ) shall be defined. The masses of PU insulating foam in VFC-containing and VHC-
1 2 3
containing appliances in the categories 1–3 vary from country to country or relevant playing field area.
Characteristic numbers for the individual areas are as follows:
• The values for w and w for the Northern European countries are:
i,VFC i,VHC
o wN : cat 1: 3,66 kg; cat 2: 4,88 kg; cat 3: 6,10 kg;
i,VFC
o wN : cat 1: 4,36 kg; cat 2: 5,81 kg; cat 3: 7,26 kg;
i,VHC
• The values for w and w for the Mid European countries are:
i,VFC i,VHC
o wM : cat 1: 3,14 kg; cat 2: 4,18 kg; cat 3: 5,23 kg;
i,VFC
o wM : cat 1: 4,36 kg; cat 2: 5,81 kg; cat 3: 7,26 kg;
i,VHC
• The values for w and w for the Southern and Eastern European countries are:
i,VFC i,VHC
o wSE : cat 1: 2,45 kg; cat 2: 3,26 kg; cat 3: 4,08 kg;
i,VFC
o wSE : cat 1: 4,36 kg; cat 2: 5,81 kg; cat 3: 7,26 kg;
i,VHC
w data are based on a limited number of tests and may be subject to change. If there are clear and
iVHC
comprehensible evidences, that in a single country numbers for w are higher or lower than the average
iVHC
numbers in the geographical area these new numbers shall be used in the respective country.
In case of an appliance without doors the amount of foam of the appliance shall be reduced by 20 %.
NOTE 1 Countries are listed in Annex A.
NOTE 2 Categories are defined in 3.2 of the EN 50574:2012.
NOTE 3 A successful VFC test combined with tests on base of Annex B of EN 50574:2012 with solely VHC appliances
of one category are deemed to be clear and comprehensible evidences.
5.2.2 Concentration of VFC in VFC-PU (input) and Concentration of VHC in VHC-PU (input): f / f
VFC VHC
According to Clause 6 in EN 50574:2012, the concentration of VFC and VHC blowing agents present in the
PU foam contained in appliances shall be defined. The following values are applicable in all European
countries:
• f = 8,5 %
VFC
• f = 3,8 %
VHC
These values are needed in order to calculate the amounts of VFC and VHC that can potentially be expected
to be recovered during plant performance tests and the target values derived from them.
6 Monitoring system and regular reporting (5.2 to 5.6 / Annex C of EN 50574:2012)
6.1 General
According to 5.5 of EN 50574:2012, the operator shall monitor the input and output information of step 1, step
2 and step 3 treatment of the plant.
The monitoring system shall demonstrate the recovery performance of the daily business. The role of the
monitoring system is to provide evidence of the regular reporting, as well as an internal control system for the
operator to measure and evaluate the daily recovery performance.
6.2 Information to be monitored
The monitoring information required may be found in Clause 5 and Annex C of the EN 50574:2012 and within
other clauses of the standard.
6.3 Targets for day-to-day business
6.3.1 General
The monitoring data collected day-to-day shall be evaluated at least on a weekly basis.
The evaluation shall include the recovery rates and analysis of the performance of the plant in order to assess
the achievements against the following:
If the operator doesn’t reach these targets of the day-to-day business, failure will be justified and the operator
shall activate corrective actions and monitor the related results.
6.3.2 Step 2
The mass of refrigerant recovered per intact refrigerating system in day-to-day business shall be not lower
than 90 % of the expected mass.
The mass of oil recovered per oil containing refrigerating system in day-to-day business shall be not lower
than 90 % by weight of the expected mass of oil.
NOTE 1 The expected mass of VFC is anticipated to be 126 g of refrigerant per intact refrigerating system. The
expected mass of VHC is anticipated to be 54 g of refrigerant per refrigerating system.
The expected mass of oil is anticipated to be 240 g oil per VFC containing compressor. VHC containing
compressors might have a different mass of oil. If there is clear and comprehensive evidence that the
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expected mass of oil from VHC appliances is lower or higher, the respective value shall be used for further
calculations.
NOTE 2 In order to set a fixed border for intact or defective refrigerating systems, a system pressure of less than 0,2
bar is assumed to indicate a defective appliance.
6.3.3 Step 2 and Step 3
The mass of blowing agent recovered (or destroyed) per kilogram PU and PU in day-to-day business
VFC VHC
shall be > 90 % by weight of the expected mass of VFC and VHC respectively (tv and tv shall be
VFC VHC
calculated on the basis of 4.2.2 of this Technical Specification).
The analysis of 5.6.1, Annex A and Annex B of EN 50574:2012 has to be performed following the sampling
and analytical methods settled in chapter 8, to give evidence of reaching the limit values for step 1 and step 2.
6.4 Reporting
According to 5.6 (1) in EN 50574:2012, the results of the monitoring system shall be structured on a monthly
basis and reported annually. The results shall be built starting, as a minimum, from the weekly performance’s
results.
The table in Annex B shows the structure of the reporting system for the Step 1 and Step 2 activities.
7 Compliance evaluation
The results of the performance tests according to Annex A and Annex B of EN 50574:2012 are to be validated
using the formulae in A.3 and B.3. In addition to that the references in Annex C shall be used to validate the
test results.
8 Sampling and analytical methods
8.1 General
For concretisation of sampling and analysing requirements from EN 50574:2012, 5.2 to 5.7, Annex A,
Annex B the following provisions shall apply.
8.2 Sampling methods
8.2.1 General
Sampling has to be carried out during the performance tests and for reporting according to EN 50574:2012,
5.6 and Annex A and B.
NOTE EN 14899:2005 (Characterization of waste, Sampling of waste materials, Framework for the preparation and
application of a sampling plan) contains basic sampling requirements.
The sampling and subsequent sample preparation shall be carried out by someone who has the requisite
competence. When conducting sampling, appropriate personal protective equipment shall be used, in
accordance with the facility requirements and current regulations.
Two similar samples have to be taken in each case of sampling: One sample is for laboratory analysis and the
other one has to be kept as backup for minimum 1 year.
Sample bottles and other sample vessels should be clearly labelled. The label shall contain at least the name
of the treatment facility (or a code), WEEE stream, location of sampling, name of fraction and date of
sampling.
Bottles and sample vessels shall be selected according to the requirements of the contents concerning
pressure and gas tightness.
Because of the high-volatility of VFCs and VHCs, all samples containing these substances shall be sent as
quickly as possible to the laboratory and store them between 1°C and 4°C whenever possible.
The control sample has to be stored at temperatures within a range from 1°C to 4°C.
Photos of samples shall be taken and recorded.
8.2.2 Sampling of oil as base for the determination of residual VFC content
This clause refers to 5.2 (3), 5.6 (1), 5.7 (2) and A.2.6 (f) and A.2.7 of EN 50574:2012.
To ensure that the sample is representative for the complete circle of step 1 production (excluding oil coming
from other sources), the sample shall be taken from oil that has undergone full treatment.
The sampled oil shall be stored in a gastight vessel. The sample shall be taken at mid-height. Sampling vessel
shall be filled up to top.
NOTE The oil from the step 1 test on base of Annex A of EN 50574:2012, taken out of the tank to establish the mass
balance might not have been fully degassed yet.
Volume and mass of the sample should fit with the requirements of the laboratory.
8.2.3 Sampling of refrigerant as base for the determination of the chemical composition
This clause refers to 5.2 (5), 5.5 (3), 5.6 (1) and Annex A of EN 50574:2012. As the sampling process is a part
of the analysing, it is described in 8.2.2.
NOTE Mobile gas analysers for refrigerants for sampling and analysing in one step can be used.
8.2.4 Sampling of PU fraction as base for the determination of residual VFC, VHC and foreign
matters content
8.2.4.1 General
This clause refers to 5.3 (5), 5.6 (1), 5.7 (4) (5) and B.2.5.2 (a) (b) of EN 50574:2012.
8.2.4.2 Number and size of the sample
Table 1
Minimum vol. of single Minimum vol. of mixed
PU foam form Amount of laboratory sample
sample sample
Briquette 1 unit (Min. 250 ml) 10 units 3 units
Pellets 250 ml 2 500 ml 250 ml
Powder 250 ml 2 500 ml 250 ml
PU foam has to be sampled from a minimum of 10 single samples. These 10 single samples have to be mixed
in order to form a mixed sample, which then has to be reduced at the size of the sample to be analysed.
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8.2.4.3 Sampling technique
Depending on the design of the process, one of the following techniques shall be used:
a) Method 1: Sampling from a falling stream
In this method, samples are to be taken regularly at the outlet of a continuous mechanical treatment process
The sampling period shall correspond to the processing time of 1000 appliances of input material. To define
the sampling interval, the required processing time of the input material has to be divided by 10. The first
sample has to be taken after half of the time of the first calculated interval. The rest of the samples have to be
taken at the calculated sampling intervals.
If PU foam is in pellet form or powder samples shall be taken directly from the output flow of the fraction over
the whole cross section of the flow profile by applying the calculated sampling interval.
If PU foam is in briquette form, one briquette per sampling interval shall be sampled.
b) Method 2: Sampling from the container
If it is not possible to sample the PU directly from a falling stream because PU is stored in closed containers,
10 single samples shall be taken directly in storage containers after the test. To determine the number of
samples in each container, divide 10 by the number of containers containing the fraction corresponding to the
input quantity.
The location of where the samples shall be taken in one container is indicated in the picture below, depending
on the calculated number of samples to take in each container.
On the following pictures, the brown square stands for a top view of one container of the fraction to sample,
and the red points indicate where, in this top view of the container, shall be taken the samples, depending on
the calculated number of samples to take per container. Samples are always taken on the top layer of the
container.
Location of
the samples
Location of
the sample
Situation a : 1 sample Situation b : 2 samples
Situation c : 3 samples to
to take per container to take per container
take per container
Situation d : 4 samples to Situation e : 5 samples to
take per container take per container
Figure 1 - Sampling from the container
8.2.4.4 Mixed sample reduction
The mixed sample has to be reduced to comply with the laboratory sample size.
For pellets and powder samples, after having applied the conical heap method, flatten the cone to form a flat
heap of uniform thickness and diameter.
Using a shovel inserted vertically into the material, divide the flat heap into four along two diagonals, intersecting at right
angles. Discard one pair of opposite quarters and shovel the remainder into a stockpile. Repeat this action until
the volume of remaining subsample is equal to the desired size.
For briquette samples, randomly select 3 briquettes.
From the same reduction operation, form 2 samples:
• The first one for the analysis in laboratory
• The second one shall be retained for a minimum of 1 year in case further analysis is required.
8.2.5 Sampling of metallic and plastics fractions as base for the determination of remaining PU
parts
8.2.5.1 General
This clause refers to 5.3 (4), 5.6 (1), 5.7 (5 and 6) and B.2.5.2 (e) of EN 50574:2012.
The sampling period shall correspond to the processing time of 1000 appliances of input material. This period
varies depending on the recycling process.
8.2.5.2 Number and size of the sample
Metallic and plastics fractions are sampled with a minimum of 5 single samples. These 5 single samples are
mixed in order to form a mixed sample, which is then reduced at the size of the sample to be analysed.
Table 2
Min. vol. of single Min. vol. of mixed Amount of sample to be
sample sample analysed
1 l 5 l 1 l
8.2.5.3 Sampling technique
To define the sampling interval, the required processing time of the input materials has to be divided by 5.
Sampling shall be carried out at regular intervals. The first sample has to be done after half of the time of the
first sampling interval. This applies for each single fraction (ferrous-metal, NON - ferrous metals, plastics or
mix of them).
Depending on the design of the process, one of the techniques as described in 8.2.4.3 shall be used.
8.2.5.4 Mixed sample reduction
The same method as in 8.2.4.4 is applied.
8.2.6 Sampling of blowing agents as base for the determination of chemical composition
This clause refers to the following clauses of EN 50574: 5.3:2012 (6), 5.5 (6), 5.6 (1), B.2.5.1 and B.2.5.2.
The water volume in the vessel has to be determined before the samples are taken.
- 15 - CLC/TS 50574-2:2014
NOTE Measurement systems in the vessel or implemented in the plant itself are deemed to be appropriate if there is
a clear indication for the definite water content (in kg or litre) in the gross mass of blowing agents.
The gross mass of the blowing agents (mass of pure blowing agents plus water plus other substances) have
to be measured and recorded. The mass of water shall be deducted from the gross mass of the blowing
agents. The result of this calculation is the output mass of blowing agents (out ) as base for the further
BA
calculation according to B.2.5.1 (c) and B.2.5.2 (f) of EN 50574:2012.
Representative samples shall be taken in the blowing agent phase of the output liquids considering the high-
volatility of VFCs and VHCs and to avoid blowing agent losses.
Two samples of 5 ml to 10 ml shall be taken. The sampled blowing agent shall be stored in a gastight vessel.
Sample vessels shall be filled up to the top and closed immediately after filling in order to avoid any loss of the blowing
agent.
8.3 Analytical methods
All the analyses shall follow the basic principle of double independent determination based on the sample and
double determination of the analysis itself.
Analyses have to consider the blank test.
Because of the high-volatility of VFCs, the laboratory shall be advised that all samples containing these
0 0
substances shall be stored between 1 C and 4 C.
The laboratory shall determine the volume of R12, R114 and R134a in the oil. The residual VFC in the oil shall
be expressed as an R12 equivalent, calculated using molar mass. Annex D lists examples of proven
procedures for analytical methods. Laboratories shall use the methods described there. If laboratories use
other methods than as described in Annex D, they shall report the procedure in detail and supply the results of
a validation process. The laboratory shall implement the standard EN 15002:2006 and follow the different step
described in the decision tree.
Annex A
(normative)
List of countries in the geographical areas
The values for w and w for different geographical areas are fixed in 5.2.1 of this Technical
i,VFC i,VHC
Specification.
NOTE 1 The countries are classified in the following geographical area, in the following paragraph are indicated with an ‘*’
the countries from which the information have been taken to build up the w targets.
i,VFC
Northern European countries are:
• Denmark;
• Estonia *;
• Finland;
• Iceland;
• Ireland;
• Latvia;
• Lithuania;
• Norway *;
• Sweden *;
• United Kingdom.
Mid European countries are:
• Austria *;
• Belgium *;
• France *;
• Germany *;
• Luxembourg *;
• Netherlands *;
• Switzerland *.
Southern and Eastern European Countries are:
• Bulgaria;
• Croatia;
- 17 - CLC/TS 50574-2:2014
• Cyprus;
• Czech Republic *;
• Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia;
• Greece *;
• Hungary;
• Italy *;
• Malta;
• Poland;
• Portugal *;
• Romania;
• Slovakia;
• Slovenia;
• Spain *;
• Turkey;
NOTE 2 T
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