ETSI EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1 (2006-11)
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra WideBand (UWB) technology; Location Tracking equipment operating in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra WideBand (UWB) technology; Location Tracking equipment operating in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods
DEN/ERM-TG31C-004-1
Elektromagnetna združljivost in zadeve v zvezi z radijskim spektrom (ERM) - Naprave kratkega dosega (SRD), ki uporabljajo ultra širokopasovno (UWB) tehnologijo - Oprema za sledenje, ki deluje v frekvenčnem območju od 6 GHz do 8,5 GHz - 1. del: Tehnične karakteristike in preskusne metode
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra WideBand (UWB) technology - Location Tracking equipment operating in the frequency range from 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz - Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.20Sprejemna in oddajna opremaReceiving and transmitting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 302 500-1 Version 1.1.1SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007en01-marec-2007SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSI EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1 (2007-02)European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra WideBand (UWB) technology;Location Tracking equipment operating inthe frequency range from 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz;Part 1: Technical characteristics andtest methods
ETSI ETSI EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1 (2007-02) 2
Reference DEN/ERM-TG31C-004-1 Keywords radio, SRD, UWB, regulation, testing ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
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Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2007. All rights reserved.
DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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Contents Intellectual Property Rights.5 Foreword.5 1 Scope.7 2 References.7 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations.8 3.1 Definitions.8 3.2 Symbols.8 3.3 Abbreviations.8 4 Technical requirement specifications.9 4.1 General requirements.9 4.2 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes.9 4.2.1 Choice of model for testing.9 4.2.1.1 Auxiliary test equipment.9 4.2.1.2 Declarations by the provider.9 4.3 Mechanical and electrical design.9 4.3.1 General.9 4.3.2 Controls.9 4.3.3 Transmitter shut-off facility.9 4.3.4 Marking.10 4.3.4.1 Equipment identification.10 4.3.4.2 Additional information for the user.10 4.4 Other device emissions.10 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures.10 5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions.10 5.2 Test power source.10 5.2.1 External test power source.11 5.2.2 Internal test power source.11 5.3 Normal test conditions.11 5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity.11 5.3.2 Normal test power source.11 5.3.2.1 Mains voltage.11 5.3.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources.11 5.3.2.3 Other power sources.11 6 General conditions.12 6.1 Normal test signals.12 6.2 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements.12 6.3 Modes of operation of the transmitter.12 7 Interpretation of results.12 7.1 Measurement uncertainty.12 7.1.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty.13 7.1.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty.13 7.2 Other emissions from device circuitry.14 8 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters.14 8.1 General.14 8.2 Maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density.14 8.2.1 Definition.14 8.2.2 Methods of measurement.14 8.2.3 Limits.15 8.3 Frequency of highest maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density.15 8.3.1 Definition.15 8.3.2 Methods of measurement.15 SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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8.3.3 Limits.15 8.4 Maximum peak e.i.r.p. spectral density.16 8.4.1 Definition.16 8.4.2 Methods of measurement.16 8.4.3 Limits.16 8.5 Minimum Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF).17 8.5.1 Definitions.17 8.5.2 Declaration.17 8.5.3 Limits.17 9 Methods of measurement and limits for receiver parameters.17 9.1 Receiver spurious radiations.17 9.1.1 Definition.17 9.1.2 Test procedure.17 9.1.3 Limit.18 Annex A (normative): Radiated measurement.19 A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields.19 A.1.1 Anechoic chamber.19 A.1.2 Anechoic chamber with a conductive ground plane.20 A.1.3 Test antenna.21 A.1.4 Substitution antenna.22 A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites.22 A.2.1 Verification of the test site.22 A.2.2 Preparation of the EUT.22 A.2.3 Power supplies to the EUT.22 A.2.4 Range length.23 A.2.5 Site preparation.23 A.2.6 General requirements for RF cables.24 A.3 Coupling of signals.24 A.3.1 General.24 A.3.2 Data Signals.24 A.4 Standard test position.24 A.5 Standard test methods.25 A.5.1 Calibrated setup.25 A.5.2 Substitution method.25 A.6 Standard calibration method.26 Annex B (normative): Technical performance of the spectrum analyser.29 Annex C (normative): Additional design requirements.30 C.1 Indoor operation.30 C.2 Receipt-of-reception-acknowledgement.30 Annex D (informative): Measurement antenna and preamplifier specifications.31 Annex E (informative): Calculation of peak limit for 3 MHz measurement bandwidth.32 Annex F (informative): Bibliography.34 History.35
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Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes. The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Short Range Devices (SRD) using
Ultra WideBand (UWB) technology; Location Tracking equipment operating in the frequency range from
6 GHz to 8,5 GHz, as identified below: Part 1: "Technical characteristics and test methods"; Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive". Clauses 1 and 3 provide a general description on the types of equipment covered by the present document and the definitions and abbreviations used. Clause 4 provides a guide as to the number of samples required in order that type tests may be carried out, and any markings on the equipment which the provider shall provide. Clauses 5 and 6 give guidance on the test and general conditions for testing of the device. Clause 7 gives the interpretation of results and maximum measurement uncertainty values. Clause 8 specifies the transmitter spectrum utilization parameters which are required to be measured. The clauses provide details on how the equipment should be tested and the conditions which should be applied. Clause 9 specifies the receiver spectrum utilization parameters which are required to be measured. The clauses provide details on how the equipment should be tested and the conditions which should be applied. Annex A (normative) provides specifications concerning radiated measurements. Annex B (normative) provides information on the spectrum analyser specification. Annex C (normative) provides information on additional design requirements for equipment covered by the present document. Annex D (informative) provides information on measurement antenna and preamplifier specifications. Annex E (informative) provides information on peak measurements within a 3 MHz measurement bandwidth. Annex F (informative) covers other supplementary information.
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National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 26 January 2007 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 April 2007 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
31 October 2007 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 October 2007
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1 Scope The present document specifies the requirements for ultra-wideband location tracking equipment operating in all or part of the frequency range from 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz. It covers ultra-wideband location tracking tags which are attached to people or objects and are tracked using a fixed infrastructure. Equipment covered by the present document is fitted with an integral or dedicated antenna.
The present document applies for indoor applications only. The present document contains the technical characteristics and test methods for location tracking equipment in accordance with the ECC/DEC/(06)04 [1]. It does not necessarily include all the characteristics which may be required by a user, nor does it necessarily represent the optimum performance achievable.
2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. [1] ECC/DEC/(06)04: "ECC Decision of 24 March 2006 on the harmonised conditions for devices using. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology. in bands below 10.6 GHz.
[2] ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics". [3] CISPR 16-1-1 (2006): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods". [4] ANSI C63.5 (2006): "American National Standard for Calibration of Antennas Used for Radiated Emission Measurements in Electro Magnetic Interference". [5] CENELEC EN 55022:2006: "Information technology equipment. Radio disturbance characteristics. Limits and methods of measurement". [6] Void. [7] ITU-R Recommendation SM.1754: "Measurement techniques of ultra-wideband transmissions". [8] Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE Directive). SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: dedicated antenna: removable antenna supplied and tested with the radio equipment, designed as an indispensable part of the equipment impulsive UWB signal: a radiated, short transient ultra-wideband signal whose occupied bandwidth is defined by its time duration rather than by frequency-hopping or other techniques integral antenna: antenna designed to be connected to the equipment without the use of a standard connector and considered to be part of the equipment NOTE: An integral antenna may be fitted internally or externally to the equipment. portable station: equipment intended to be carried, attached or implanted provider: manufacturer, or his authorized representative or the person responsible for placing on the market pulse: radiated short transient UWB signal whose time duration is nominally the reciprocal of its -10 dB bandwidth
NOTE: See ITU-R Recommendation SM.1754: "Measurement techniques of Ultra-wideband transmissions" [7]. radiated measurements: measurements which involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field ultra-wideband (UWB): equipment using ultra-wideband technology means equipment incorporating, as an integral part or as an accessory, technology for short-range radiocommunication, involving the intentional generation and transmission of radio-frequency energy that spreads over a frequency range wider than 50 MHz 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: dB decibel R distance λ wavelength 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: e.i.r.p. equivalent isotropically radiated power EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility EUT Equipment Under Test LNA Low Noise Amplifier PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency R&TTE Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment RBW Resolution BandWidth RF Radio Frequency rms root mean square SNR Signal to Noise Ratio SRD Short Range Device TX Transmitter UWB ultra-wideband VBW Video BandWidth VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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4 Technical requirement specifications 4.1 General requirements Equipment supplied for testing against this standard shall be fitted with either an integral antenna or a dedicated antenna.
4.2 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes Each equipment submitted for testing shall fulfil the requirements of the present document on all frequencies over which it is intended to operate.
To simplify and harmonize the testing procedures between the different testing laboratories, measurements shall be performed, according to the present document, on samples of equipment defined in clause 4.2.1. These clauses are intended to give confidence that the requirements set out in the present document have been met without the necessity of performing measurements on all frequencies.
4.2.1 Choice of model for testing The provider shall provide one or more samples of the equipment, as appropriate, for testing. If an equipment has several optional features, considered not to affect the RF parameters then tests need only be performed on the equipment configured with that combination of features considered to be the most complex, as proposed by the provider and agreed by the test laboratory. 4.2.1.1 Auxiliary test equipment All necessary test signal sources, setting up instructions and other product information shall accompany the equipment when it is submitted for testing. 4.2.1.2 Declarations by the provider The provider shall declare the necessary information regarding the equipment with respect to all technical requirements set by the present document.
4.3 Mechanical and electrical design 4.3.1 General The equipment submitted by the provider or his representative, shall be designed, constructed and manufactured in accordance with good engineering practice, and with the aim of minimizing harmful interference to other equipment and services. 4.3.2 Controls Those controls, which, if maladjusted, may increase the interfering potential of the equipment, shall not be easily accessible to the user. 4.3.3 Transmitter shut-off facility If the equipment is equipped with an automatic transmitter shut-off facility, it shall be possible to disable this feature for the purposes of testing. See clause 8. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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4.3.4 Marking The equipment shall be marked in a visible place. This marking shall be legible and durable. In cases where the equipment is too small to carry the marking, it is sufficient to provide the relevant information in the users manual. 4.3.4.1 Equipment identification The marking shall include as a minimum: • The name of the manufacturer or his trademark. • The type designation. This is the manufacturer's numeric or alphanumeric code or name that is specific to a particular equipment. 4.3.4.2 Additional information for the user The following additional information shall be included in the users manual: • statements (as per the ECC/DEC/(06)04 [1]) that the UWB transmitter equipment should not be used: - aboard an aircraft; - aboard a ship; - at a fixed outdoor location. 4.4 Other device emissions The equipment may contain digital circuit elements, radio circuit elements and other elements whose performance is not covered by the present document. These elements of the equipment shall meet the appropriate performance requirements for those components, as specified in other standards. For example, a UWB device which may be connected to an office IT network should meet at least the requirements of the present document (for the elements of the device concerned with radio communications), and the requirements of a standard for EMC compatibility of IT equipment, such as EN 55022 [5] (for the elements of the device which are not concerned with radio communications but are considered to be IT equipment). NOTE: For further information on this topic see TR 102 070-2 (see bibliography). 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures 5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions Testing shall be performed under normal test conditions. The test conditions and procedures shall be as specified in clauses 5.2 and 5.3. 5.2 Test power source The equipment shall be tested using the appropriate test power source as specified in clauses 5.2.1 or 5.2.2. Where equipment can be powered using either external or internal power sources, then equipment shall be tested using the external test power source as specified in clause 5.2.1 then repeated using the internal power source as specified in clause 5.2.2. The test power source used shall be recorded and stated. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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5.2.1 External test power source During tests, the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by an external test power source capable of producing normal test voltages as specified in clause 5.3.2. The internal impedance of the external test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be negligible. For the purpose of the tests, the voltage of the external test power source shall be measured at the input terminals of the equipment. The external test power source shall be suitably de-coupled and applied as close to the equipment battery terminals as practicable. For radiated measurements any external power, leads should be so arranged so as not to affect the measurements. During tests, the external test power source voltages shall be within a tolerance < ±1 % relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test.
5.2.2 Internal test power source For radiated measurements on portable equipment with integral antenna, fully charged internal batteries shall be used. The batteries used should be as supplied or recommended by the provider. If internal batteries are used, at the end of each test the voltage shall be within a tolerance of < ±5 % relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test.
If appropriate, the external test power source may replace the supplied or recommended internal batteries at the required voltage, this shall be recorded and stated. In this case, the battery should remain present, electrically isolated from the rest of the equipment, possibly by putting tape over its contacts. 5.3 Normal test conditions 5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the following ranges: • temperature: +15°C to +35°C; • relative humidity: 20 % to 75 %. When it is impracticable to carry out tests under these conditions, a note to this effect stating the ambient temperature and relative humidity during the tests, shall be recorded and stated. 5.3.2 Normal test power source 5.3.2.1 Mains voltage The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage. For the purpose of the present document, the nominal voltage shall be the declared voltage, or any of the declared voltages, for which the equipment was designed. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the ac mains shall be between 49 Hz and 51 Hz. 5.3.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources When the radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power source the normal test voltage shall be 1,1 multiplied by the nominal voltage of the battery (6 V, 12 V, etc.). 5.3.2.3 Other power sources For operation from other power sources or types of battery (primary or secondary), the normal test voltage shall be that declared by the equipment provider. Such values shall be recorded and stated. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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6 General conditions 6.1 Normal test signals The test data that is used to modulate the transmitted signal for measurement of UWB emissions shall be similar to the data transmitted in the actual operation of the equipment. The provider shall state as part of the test report the UWB modulation characteristics of the equipment under test, to the full extent necessary. 6.2 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements The test site, test antenna and substitution antenna used for radiated measurements shall be as described in clause A.1. For guidance on use of radiation test sites, coupling of signals and standard test positions used for radiated measurements, see clauses A.2 to A.4. Detailed descriptions of radiated measurement arrangements for UWB devices can be found in
ITU-R Recommendation SM.1754 [7].
All reasonable efforts should be made to clearly demonstrate that emissions from the UWB transmitter do not exceed the specified levels, with the transmitter in the far field. To the extent practicable, the device under test should be measured at the distance specified in clause A.2.4 and with the specified measurement bandwidths (see clause 8). However, in order to obtain an adequate signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement system, radiated measurements may have to be made at distances less than those specified in clause A.2.4 and/or with reduced measurement bandwidths. The revised measurement configuration should be stated on the test report, together with an explanation of why the signal levels involved necessitated measurement at the distance employed or with the measurement bandwidth used in order to be accurately detected by the measurement equipment and calculations demonstrating compliance.
Where it is not practical to further reduce the measurement bandwidth (either because of limitations of
commonly-available test equipment or difficulties in converting readings taken using one measurement bandwidth to those used by the limits in tables 2 to 4, and the required measurement distance would be so short that the device would not clearly be within the far field, the test report shall state this fact, the measurement distance and bandwidth used, the near field/far field distance for the measurement setup (see clause A.2.4), the measured device emissions, the achievable measurement noise floor and the frequency range(s) involved. 6.3 Modes of operation of the transmitter For the purpose of the measurements according to the present document, there shall be a facility to operate the transmitter in a continuous state, whereby a normal test signal (see clause 6.1) is transmitted repeatedly and continuously. If pulse gating is employed where the transmitter is quiescent for intervals that are long compared to the nominal pulse repetition interval, measurements shall be made with the pulse train gated on. 7 Interpretation of results
7.1 Measurement uncertainty The interpretation of the results recorded in the test report for the measurements described in the present document shall be as follows: • The measured value related to the corresponding limit shall be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the present document. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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• The value of the measurement uncertainty for the measurement of each parameter shall be separately included in the test report. • For each measurement, the value of the measurement uncertainty shall (wherever possible; see note below) be equal to or lower than the figures in table 1, and the interpretation procedure specified in clause 7.1.1 shall be used. Table 1: Measurement uncertainty Parameter Value Radio frequency ±1 × 10-7 Radiated emission of transmitter, valid to 30 GHz ±6 dB Radiated emission of receiver, valid to 30 GHz ±6 dB Temperature ±1 K Humidity ±10 %
NOTE: For radiated emissions measurements below 3,8 GHz and above 10,6 GHz it may not be possible to reduce measurement uncertainty to the levels specified in table 1 (due to the very low signal level limits and the consequent requirement for high levels of amplification across wide bandwidths). In these cases alone it is acceptable to employ the alternative interpretation procedure specified in clause 7.1.2. For the test methods, according to the present document the uncertainty figures shall be calculated according to the methods described in TR 100 028 [2] and shall correspond to an expansion factor (coverage factor)
k = 1,96 or k = 2 (which provide confidence levels of respectively 95 % and 95,45 % in case where the distributions characterizing the actual measurement uncertainties are normal (Gaussian)). Table 1 is based on such expansion factors. The particular expansion factor used for the evaluation of the measurement uncertainty shall be stated.
7.1.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty The interpretation of the results when comparing measurement values with specification limits shall be as follows: a) When the measured value does not exceed the limit value the equipment under test meets the requirements of the standard. b) When the measured value exceeds the limit value the equipment under test does not meet the requirements of the standard. c) The measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician carrying out the measurement should be recorded in the test report. d) The measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician may be a maximum value for a range of values of measurement, or may be the measurement uncertainty for the specific measurement untaken. The method used should be recorded in the test report. 7.1.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty The interpretation of the results when comparing measurement values with specification limits should be as follows: a) When the measured value plus the difference between the maximum acceptable measurement uncertainty and the measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician does not exceed the limit value the equipment under test meets the requirements of the standard. b) When the measured value plus the difference between the maximum acceptable measurement uncertainty and the measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician exceeds the limit value the equipment under test does not meet the requirements of the standard. SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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c) The measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician carrying out the measurement should be recorded in the test report. d) The measurement uncertainty calculated by the test technician may be a maximum value for a range of values of measurement, or may be the measurement uncertainty for the specific measurement untaken. The method used should be recorded in the test report. 7.2 Other emissions from device circuitry UWB transmitters emit very low power radio signals, comparable with the power of spurious emissions from digital and analogue circuitry. If it can be clearly demonstrated that an emission from an ultra-wideband device is unintentional and is not radiated from the transmitter's antenna (e.g. by disabling the device's UWB transmitter or internally disconnecting the UWB antenna), that emission shall be considered against the receiver spurious emissions limits (see clause 9). 8 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters 8.1 General Where the transmitter is designed with an adjustable output power, then all transmitter parameters shall be measured using the highest power level, as declared by the provider. The receipt-of-reception-acknowledgement functionality required by ECC/DEC/(06)04 [1] should be disabled to aid the testing of the transmitter parameters. Similarly, if the transmitter is equipped with an automatic transmitter shut-off facility, it should be made inoperative for the duration of the test. Alternative test methods to those described within the present document may be used with the agreement of the manufacturer and at the discretion of the accredited test laboratory. Procedures shall comply with
ECC/DEC/(06)04 [1] and CISPR 16 [3]. The submitted equipment shall fulfil the requirements of the stated measurement. 8.2 Maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density 8.2.1 Definition The maximum mean equivalent isotropically radiated power spectral density of the device under test at a particular frequency is the mean power per unit bandwidth (centred on that frequency) radiated in the direction of the maximum level under the specified conditions of measurement. 8.2.2 Methods of measurement Measurements should be made using one of the techniques presented in clause A.5. The measurement receiver used should be a spectrum analyser. Measurements shall be carried out over the frequency range from 30 MHz to 18 GHz (see note 3). When measuring maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density from the device under test, the spectrum analyser used should be configured as follows: • Resolution bandwidth: 1 MHz • Video bandwidth: Not less than the resolution bandwidth SIST EN 302 500-1 V1.1.1:2007
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• Detector mode: rms • Average time (per point on spectrum analyzer scan): 1 ms or less
NOTE 1: rms average measurements can be accomplished directly using a spectrum analyser which incorporates an rms detector. Alternatively, a true rms level can be measured using a spectrum analyzer that does not incorporate an rms detector - see ITU-R Recommendation SM.1754 [7] for details. NOTE 2: To the extent practicable, the device under test should be measured using a spectrum analyser configured using the settings described above. However, in order to obtain an adequate signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement system, radiated measurements may have to be made using narrower resolution bandwidths. In these cases, the revised measurement configuration should be stated in the test report, together with calculations which permit the measurements taken to be compared with the appropriate limits and an explanation of why the signal levels involved necessitated measurement using the resolution bandwidth employed in order to be accurately determined by the measurement equipment. NOTE 3: The noise floor above the 18 GHz point rises so high that to get below the -85dBm/MHz noise floor will require measurement distances in the mm range. Therefore, measurements above 18 GHz are not feasible with reasonable measurement certainty (see clause 7.1). 8.2.3 Limits The maximum mean equivalent isotropically radiated power spectral densities measured using the above techniques shall not exceed the limits given in table 2. Table 2: Maximum mean radiated power spectral density limit, e.i.r.p. Frequency, (GHz] Maximum mean e.i.r.p. density (dBm/MHz) f
1,6 -90 1,6 < f
3,8 -85 3,8 < f
4,8 -70 4,8 < f
6 -70 6 < f
8,5 -41,3 8,5 < f
10,6 -65 10,6 < f -85
The power reading on the spectrum analyser can be directly related to the mean e.i.r.p. spectral density limit when a spectrum analyser resolution bandwidth of 1 MHz is used for the measurements. 8.3 Frequency of highest maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density 8.3.1 Definition The frequency of highest maximum mean e.i.r.p. spectral density is the frequency at which the device radiates the highest maximum mean equivalent isotropically radiated power spectral density (across all frequencies and device orientations) under
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