ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)

Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra Wide Band technology (UWB); Time Domain based Low Duty Cycle Measurement for UWB

DTS/ERM-TGUWB-137

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-May-2016
• Technical Committee: ERM TGUWB - Ultra Wide Band
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 25-May-2016
• Completion Date: 24-May-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Short Range Devices (SRD)
using Ultra Wide Band technology (UWB);
Time Domain based Low Duty Cycle Measurement for UWB

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2 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)



Reference
DTS/ERM-TGUWB-137
Keywords
radio, SRD, UWB

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3 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 5
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Definitions . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 7
4 Motivation for the Duty Cycle measurement in the time domain . 7
5 Measurement procedure for UWB systems . 8
5.1 DUT preparation . 8
5.2 General test setup . 8
5.2.0 General . 8
5.2.1 Conducted emission . 9
5.2.2 Radiated emission . 9
5.3 Time domain procedure for DC measurement . 9
Annex A (informative): Example . 12
A.1 Introduction . 12
A.2 DC measurement in the frequency domain . 13
A.3 DC measurement in the time domain . 14
®
Annex B (normative): Use of the MATLAB Post Processing Tool to compute the DC . 18
Annex C (informative): Recall: Procedure for DC measurement in the frequency domain . 24
Annex D (informative): Bibliography . 25
History . 26

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4 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
®
The MATLAB computations used for the present document are contained in archive ts_103366v010101p0.zip which
accompanies the present document.
®
NOTE: MATLAB is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the
convenience of users of the present document and does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of this
product.
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

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5 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
1 Scope
The present document specifies a time domain procedure for Duty Cycle (DC) measurement. The procedure is
applicable to all Ultra Wide Band (UWB) signal types, and it is an alternative to the frequency domain procedure for
DC measurement described in ETSI TS 102 883 [1]. In general, the DC measurement in the time domain will provide
more accurate results compared to the DC measurement in the frequency domain.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI TS 102 883 (V1.1.1) (08-2012): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD) using Ultra Wide Band (UWB); Measurement Techniques".
[2] IEEE Std 802.15.4™‐2015: "IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks
(WPANs)". IEEE Computer Society Sponsored by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee.
[3] ECC/DEC/(06)04: "The harmonised conditions for devices using Ultra-Wideband (UWB)
technology in bands below 10.6 GHz".
[4] ETSI TS 103 060 (V1.1.1) (09-2013): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); method for a harmonized definition of Duty Cycle Template
(DCT) transmission as a passive mitigation technique used by short range devices and related
conformance test methods".
[5] CEPT ECC Report 094: "Technical requirements for UWB LDC devices to ensure the protection
of FWA system", Nicosia, December 2006.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
Not applicable.
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6 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms definitions apply:
burst: A emitted signal whose time duration (Ton) is not related to its bandwidth, as defined in ECC Report 094 [5].
Duty Cycle: The percentage of the transmitter sum of all burst duration "on" relative to a given period, as defined in
ECC Report 094 [5].
pulse: A radiated short transient UWB signal whose time duration is nominally the reciprocal of its UWB - 10 dB
bandwidth, as defined in ECC Report 094 [5].
transmission: Sequence of emissions separated by intervals shorter than T , as defined in ETSI TS 103 060 [4].
dis"
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B pulse bandwidth
Bursts number of bursts during the acquisition time
DC on time (%) Duty Cycle measurement as a percentage of the acquisition time computed considering all the
loaded files
DC on T (%) Duty Cycle measurement as a percentage of the whole observation period
obs
f sampling frequency
c
T the whole active period of the transmission
Activeperiod
T time interval below which interruptions within a transmission are considered part of T (disregard
dis on
time), as defined in ETSI TS 103 060 [4]
Time (s) acquisition time
T Defined as "the time interval between two consecutive bursts when the UWB emission is kept
off
idle" in ECC/DEC/(06)04 [3]. Defined as "the time duration between two consecutive
transmissions" in ETSI TS 103 060 [4].
T T time, measured by the Spectrum Analyzer, while sending Packet (see clause 4)
offPi off i
T (s) sum of the individual T times during the acquisition time
off off
T reference interval of time (observation period), as defined in ETSI TS 103 060 [4]
obs
T Defined as "the duration of a burst irrespective of the number of pulses contained" in
on
ECC/DEC/(06)04 [3]. Defined as "the duration of a transmission" in ETSI TS 103 060 [4].
T duration of all the bursts
on(bursts)
T (s) sum of the individual T times during the acquisition time
on on
T T time, measured by the Spectrum Analyzer, while sending Packet (see clause 4)
onPi on i
t sum between the T time and the T time while sending Packet (see clause 4)
Packeti on off i
T span time of the oscilloscope
span
T trigger time of the oscilloscope
trig
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7 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
BW Band Width
CMOS Complementary metal oxide semi-conductor
DC Duty Cycle
DUT Device Under Test
IC Integrated Circuit
LDC Low Duty Cycle
MMI Man Machine Interface
PHR Physical HeadeR
PPDU Physical Protocol Data Unit
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
PSDU Physical Service Data Unit
SHR Synchronization HeadeR
UWB Ultra Wide Band
4 Motivation for the Duty Cycle measurement in the
time domain
The frequency domain procedure for DC measurement, described in ETSI TS 102 883 [1], relies on the use of a
Spectrum Analyzer. The procedure allows calculating the DC through the measurements of the T and T parameters
on off
according to a predefined disregard time T (see Figure C.1 in the present document).
dis
Nevertheless the accuracy of the Spectrum Analyzer is generally not sufficient in order to measure "small values"
(typically in the order of magnitude of microseconds) of the T and T parameters. This may also be the case
on off
whenever "small values" of T are considered.
dis
As a consequence, in some cases, the frequency domain procedure for DC measurement could result in overestimating
the actual DC.
In order to provide a more accurate measurement of the T and T parameters, a time domain procedure for DC
on off
measurement is described in the present document. The procedure considers the use of an Oscilloscope, in order to
capture the transmitted signal, and a Post Processing Tool (see Annex B), in order to calculate the refined DC
measurement.
To better understand the principle of the DC measurement in the time domain, it is possible to consider a generic T
obs
observation period during which some packets, with different durations, can be sent (see Figure 1):

Figure 1: T and T measurement by using a Spectrum Analyzer
on off
As illustrated in Figure 1, the Spectrum Analyzer is capable to measure the T and T parameters related to the
on off
sending of Packet . In particular, in Figure 1:
i
• T : is the observation period;
obs
• T : is the T time, measured by the Spectrum Analyzer, while sending Packet ;
onPi on i
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8 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
• T : is the T time, measured by the Spectrum Analyzer, while sending Packet ;
offPi off i
• t : is the sum between the T time and the T time while sending Packet ;
Packeti on off i
• Tdis: is the disregard time.
On the other hand, the Spectrum Analyzer is generally not capable to measure T and T periods occurring between
on off
two consecutive bursts related to the sending of Packet (see Figure 2).
i
In fact, by considering the transmission of a single packet, it may be the case that the transmission is composed of
periods greater than T , that cannot be measured by the Spectrum Analyzer Indeed, for
several bursts, separated by Toff dis .
small values of T , the measurement can only be done in the time domain with an Oscilloscope, which is capable to
dis
detect the individual bursts occurring during the observation time Tobs.

Figure 2: T and T measurement by using an Oscilloscope
on off
In the Figure 2 above, for example, during the transmission of Packet , the Oscilloscope will be able to detect the T
3 off
period between the two T . Since this T period is greater than T , it can be considered as an additional T
on(burst) off dis off
period occurring during the observation time Tobs. With the use of the Spectrum Analyzer, this Toff period would have
been considered part of T .
on
The principle of the time domain procedure for DC measurement is thus to provide a method for the calculation of the
DC based on the fine-grained analysis of the data acquired by the Oscilloscope during the observation time T .
obs
5 Measurement procedure for UWB systems
5.1 DUT preparation
No specific DUT preparations are necessary for performing the DC measurement in the time domain.
5.2 General test setup
5.2.0 General
The following tools shall be used to execute the time domain procedure for DC measurement:
• One 50 Ohm cable;
• One Oscilloscope with the following minimum requirements:
a) Sampling frequency > 2B (where B is the pulse bandwidth): this requirement is enough to detect the
envelope of the signal and ensure the correct operation of the measurement procedure.
b) Input bandwidth > f (where f is the highest frequency, i.e. the upper boundary to the operating
max max
bandwidth).
• One Personal Computer with installed a Post Processing Tool.
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9 ETSI TS 103 366 V1.1.1 (2016-05)
5.2.1 Conducted emission
Figure 3 illustrates the general test setup to execute the time domain procedure for DC measurement in the case of
conducted emission.
PC
50 Ohm
DUT
cable (Post
(50 Ohm Oscilloscope
Processing
connector)
Tool)

Figure 3: General test setup to execute the time domain procedure for
DC measurement in the case of conducted emission
5.2.2 Radiated emission
Figure 4 illustrates the general test setup to execute the time domain procedure for DC measurement in the case of
radiated emission.
Measurement
antenna
PC
DUT
(Post
(integrated Oscilloscope
Processing
antenna)
Tool)

Figure 4: General test setup to execute the time domain procedure for DC
measurement in the case of radiated emission
5.3 Time domain procedure for DC measurement
In order to calculate the T periods, it shall be taken into account the value of the T parameter. In fact, given the
off dis
definition of Duty Cycle reminded in paragraph 3.1 (i.e. "the percentage of the transmitter sum of all burst duration
"on" relative to a given period"), it is possible to consider as T periods only the inter-burst intervals greater than T
...