ETSI ETS 300 158 ed.1 (1992-11)

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive Only (TVRO-FSS) Satellite Earth Stations operating in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands

DE/SES-04001

Satelitske zemeljske postaje in sistemi (SES) – Televizijske sprejemne satelitske zemeljske postaje, ki delujejo v frekvenčnih pasovih 11/12 GHz fiksnih satelitskih storitev (FSS)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-1992
• Technical Committee: SES 4 - TV and Sound Programmes Equipment
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 30-Oct-1992
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-1992
• Mandate: T-144
• Ref Project: SIST ETS 300 158 E1:2006 - Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive Only (TVRO-FSS) Satellite Earth Stations operating in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2006
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]HPHOMVNHSRVWDMHNLGHOXMHMRYIUHNYHQþQLKSDVRYLK*+]ILNVQLKVDWHOLWVNLK
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Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Television Receive Only (TVRO-FSS)
Satellite Earth Stations operating in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 158 Edition 1
ICS:
33.060.30 Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski Radio relay and fixed satellite
komunikacijski sistemi communications systems
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN ETS 300 158
TELECOMMUNICATION November 1992
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-SES Reference: DE/SES-4001
ICS: 33.020
TVRO-FSS
Key words:
Satellite Earth Stations (SES);
Television Receive Only (TVRO-FSS)
Satellite Earth Stations operating
in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1992. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
Contents
Foreword .9
1 Scope .11
2 Normative references.12
3 Definitions.13
4 General conditions for measurement.14
4.1 General .14
5 Requirements.14
5.1 General .14
5.2 Safety.14
5.2.1 Purpose .14
5.2.2 Mechanical safety.14
5.2.2.1 Specification .14
5.2.2.2 Verification.14
5.2.3 Mechanical construction.15
5.2.3.1 Purpose .15
5.2.3.2 Specifications.15
5.2.3.2.1 Specification 1: Outdoor unit test.15
5.2.3.2.2 Specification 2: Mechanical loads at
the interface of the attachment
devices.15
5.2.3.3 Verification.16
5.2.3.3.1 Wind tunnel test procedure.16
5.2.3.3.2 Numerical analysis procedure .17
5.2.4 Electrical shock by access .18
5.2.4.1 General.18
5.2.4.2 Specification .18
5.2.4.3 Verification.18
5.2.5 Lightning protection .18
5.2.5.1 General.18
5.2.5.2 Specification .18
5.2.5.3 Verification.18
5.2.6 Solar radiation protection .18
5.2.6.1 Purpose .18
5.2.6.2 Specification .18
5.2.6.3 Verification.19
5.2.7 Adverse conditions .19
5.2.7.1 General.19
5.2.7.2 Corrosion resistance.19
5.2.7.2.1 Specification.19
5.2.7.2.2 Verification .19
5.2.7.3 Fire hazard.19
5.2.7.3.1 Specification.19
5.2.7.3.2 Verification .19
5.3 Local Oscillator(s) (LO) frequency .19
5.3.1 Frequency spectrum.19
5.3.1.1 Purpose .19
5.3.1.2 Specification .19
5.3.1.3 Verification.19
5.3.2 Frequency conversion tolerance .20
5.3.2.1 General.20
5.3.2.2 Purpose .20
5.3.2.3 Specification .20

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
5.3.2.4 Verification . 20
5.4 Radiation from the outdoor unit. 20
5.4.1 General . 20
5.4.2 Purpose . 21
5.4.3 Unwanted radiation including Local Oscillator (LO) leakage radiated from
the antenna. 21
5.4.3.1 General . 21
5.4.3.2 Specification. 21
5.4.3.3 Verification . 21
5.4.4 Radiation from outdoor unit (EIRP). 22
5.4.4.1 Specification. 22
5.4.4.2 Verification . 22
5.5 Immunity. 22
5.5.1 Definitions . 22
5.5.2 External immunity to ambient fields. 23
5.5.2.1 General . 23
5.5.2.2 Specification. 23
5.5.2.3 Verification . 23
5.5.3 External immunity to currents conducted via connected cables. 23
5.5.3.1 General . 23
5.5.3.2 Specification. 23
5.5.3.3 Verification . 24
5.6 Documentation . 24
5.6.1 Purpose . 24
5.6.2 Specification . 24
6 Recommendations. 24
6.1 Documentation . 24
6.1.1 Purpose . 24
6.1.2 Specification . 24
6.1.3 Verification . 24
6.2 Radio frequency input range(s). 26
6.2.1 Purpose . 26
6.2.2 Specification . 26
6.2.3 Verification . 26
6.3 Intermediate Frequency (IF) output range . 26
6.3.1 Purpose . 26
6.3.2 Specification . 26
6.3.3 Verification . 26
6.4 Figure of merit . 26
6.4.1 General . 26
6.4.2 Purpose . 26
6.4.3 Specification . 26
6.4.4 Verification . 27
6.5 Radiation from outdoor unit. 27
6.5.1 Specification . 27
6.5.2 Verification . 27
6.6 Antenna sub-system. 27
6.6.1 General . 27
6.6.2 Frequency-band(s) . 27
6.6.3 Polarisation . 28
6.6.3.1 Purpose. 28
6.6.3.2 Specification. 28
6.6.3.3 Verification . 28
6.6.4 Co-polar on-axis gain. 28
6.6.4.1 Purpose. 28
6.6.4.2 Specification. 28
6.6.4.3 Verification . 28
6.6.5 Antenna gain pattern . 28
6.6.5.1 General . 28
6.6.5.2 Purpose. 28
6.6.5.3 Specifications. 29
6.6.5.3.1 Specification 1. 29

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
6.6.5.3.2 Specification 2.29
6.6.5.4 Design objective .29
6.6.5.5 Verification.29
6.6.6 Cross-polarisation discrimination .29
6.6.6.1 Purpose .29
6.6.6.2 Specification .30
6.6.6.3 Verification.30
6.6.7 Pointing accuracy capability .30
6.6.7.1 Purpose .30
6.6.7.2 Specification .30
6.6.7.3 Verification.30
6.6.8 Antenna pointing and efficiency stability under severe environmental
conditions .30
6.6.8.1 General.30
6.6.8.2 Specification .30
6.6.8.3 Verification.30
6.6.9 Polarisation plane alignment capability .31
6.6.9.1 Purpose .31
6.6.9.2 Specification 1 .31
6.6.9.3 Specification 2 .31
6.6.9.4 Verification.31
6.6.10 Output interface of antenna sub-system .31
6.6.10.1 Purpose .31
6.6.10.2 Specification .31
6.6.10.3 Verification.31
6.7 Low-Noise Block (LNB) down-converter.31
6.7.1 General.31
6.7.2 Radio frequency input frequency range.31
6.7.3 Intermediate frequency output range .31
6.7.4 Frequency conversion tolerance .31
6.7.5 LNB noise temperature, or noise figure .32
6.7.5.1 Purpose .32
6.7.5.2 Specification .32
6.7.5.3 Verification.32
6.7.6 Image frequency rejection.32
6.7.6.1 General.32
6.7.6.2 Specification .32
6.7.6.3 Verification.32
6.7.7 Output level .32
6.7.7.1 General.32
6.7.7.2 Purpose .32
6.7.7.3 Specification .32
6.7.7.4 Verification.33
6.7.8 Small signal gain .33
6.7.8.1 Purpose .33
6.7.8.2 Specification .33
6.7.8.3 Verification.33
6.7.9 Linearity.33
6.7.9.1 General.33
6.7.9.2 Purpose .33
6.7.9.3 Linear distortion: amplitude-frequency characteristic .33
6.7.9.3.1 Specification.33
6.7.9.3.2 Verification .34
6.7.9.4 Linear distortion: group-delay characteristic.34
6.7.9.4.1 Specification.34
6.7.9.4.2 Verification .34
6.7.9.5 Non-linear distortion: multicarrier intermodulation ratio.34
6.7.9.5.1 Specification.34
6.7.9.5.2 Verification .34
6.7.10 LNB input interface.34
6.7.10.1 Purpose .34
6.7.10.2 Specification .34
6.7.10.3 Verification.34

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
6.7.11 LNB output interface. 35
6.7.11.1 Impedance . 35
6.7.11.1.1 Purpose. 35
6.7.11.1.2 Specification. 35
6.7.11.1.3 Verification. 35
6.7.11.2 Type of connector . 35
6.7.11.2.1 Purpose. 35
6.7.11.2.2 Specification. 35
6.7.11.2.3 Verification. 35
6.7.11.3 Impedance matching at the output terminal. 35
6.7.11.3.1 General. 35
6.7.11.3.2 Specification. 35
6.7.11.3.3 Verification. 35
6.8 Internal immunity to unwanted signals . 36
6.8.1 General . 36
6.8.2 Specification . 36
6.8.3 Verification . 36
6.9 Power supply. 36
6.9.1 Power supply for LNB . 36
6.9.1.1 Purpose. 36
6.9.1.2 Specification. 37
6.9.1.3 Verification . 37
6.9.2 Power supply for auxiliary devices. 37
6.9.2.1 Purpose. 37
6.9.2.2 Specification. 37
6.9.2.3 Verification . 37
6.10 Commands. 37
6.10.1 General . 37
6.10.2 Purpose . 37
6.10.3 Specification . 38
6.10.4 Verification . 38
Annex A (normative): General conditions for measurement . 39
A.1 Standard atmospheric conditions . 39
A.2 Power supply . 39
A.2.1 Standard conditions. 39
A.2.2 Supplementary conditions on dc source . 39
A.3 Test site . 39
A.4 Accuracy of the measuring instruments . 39
A.5 Stabilisation period . 39
A.6 Presentation of results. 40
A.7 Deviations . 40
A.8 Radio-frequency input signals . 40
A.8.1 Introduction. 40
A.8.2 Test signals . 40
A.8.3 Test frequencies. 40
A.8.4 Radio-frequency input arrangement. 40
A.8.5 Input signal level. 41
A.8.5.1 Available power. 41
A.8.5.2 Power flux density. 41
A.8.5.3 Siting of the antennas . 41
Annex B (normative): Radiation measurement in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 18 GHz . 42
B.1 Measuring equipment . 42

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
B.2 Measuring set-up.42
B.3 Site checking and calibration.43
B.4 Measurement procedure .43
B.5 Presentation of the results.43
Annex C (normative): Radiation measurements in the frequency range from 30 to 1 000 MHz.44
C.1 Introduction.44
C.2 Measurements in the frequency range 30 MHz - 300 MHz.44
C.3 Measurements in the frequency range 300 - 1 000 MHz .44
C.3.1 Equipment required.44
C.3.2 General measurement requirements.44
C.3.3 Equipment layout and connection.45
C.3.4 Operating conditions.45
C.3.5 Measurement frequencies .45
C.3.6 Precautions.45
C.3.7 Measurement procedure.46
C.3.8 Presentation of the results .46
Annex D (normative): Measurement of G/T ratio by direct method.47
D.1 Introduction.47
D.2 Method of measurement .47
D.2.1 Measuring conditions.47
D.2.2 Measurement procedure.48
D.3 Presentation of the results.49
Annex E (normative): Antenna sub-system noise temperature measurement method .50
Annex F (informative): G/T ratio (clear sky conditions).51
F.1 G/T ratio indirect measurement.51
F.2 G/T calculation for a particular antenna .51
Annex G (informative): Protection ratio .52
Annex H (informative): Dimensions in millimetres of waveguide flanges.53
H.1 Dimensions of Type B flanges in millimetres for ordinary rectangular waveguides [13a] .53
H.2 Dimensions of flanges in millimetres for circular waveguides [13b].53
Annex J (informative): Installation .54
History.55

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Satellite Earth Stations
(SES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and, has
undergone the ETSI standards approval procedure in Public Enquiry 19 and Vote 25.
Every ETS prepared by ETSI is a voluntary standard. This ETS may contain text concerning type approval
of the equipment to which it relates. This text should be considered only as guidance and does not make
this ETS mandatory.
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ETS 300 158: November 1992
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ETS 300 158: November 1992
1 Scope
The scope of this European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) is to give minimum specifications for the
standardisation of the technical characteristics of satellite receiving earth stations, capable of receiving
audiovisual signals and associated data.
The equipment considered in this ETS, is confined to the "outdoor unit" that consists of the antenna with
the feed and the low-noise amplifier with its associated down-converter, referred to as Low-Noise Block
converter (LNB).
The output interface towards the indoor unit is defined at the LNB output connector. Consequently the
coaxial cable link to the "indoor unit", the intermediate frequency amplifier and the demodulator are not
covered in this ETS.
Standards for the "indoor unit" are the responsibility of CENELEC.
This ETS is applicable to earth stations which receive audiovisual programmes in the Fixed Satellite
Services (FSS) frequency ranges, from 10,70 GHz to 11,70 GHz and from 12,50 GHz to 12,75 GHz (Ku
band).
The Television Receive Only (TVROs) are classified into two different types according to the
corresponding services:
Type A for collective reception, in particular:
- cable distribution head ends (Community Antenna Television: CATV);
- community reception systems (Master Antenna Television: MATV).
Type B for individual reception, i.e. Direct-To-Home (DTH) equipment.
A clear distinction is made, wherever applicable between specifications for Type A and for Type B in the
various Clauses of this ETS.
The received television signals can be PAL, SECAM, NTSC or the different MAC systems, all with the
associated TV sound, and possibly other audio programmes.
Any other new TV systems (e.g. digital) may be received in the future, provided those systems operate
with the FSS ku band.
Data may be present as coded signals inside television signals.
This ETS specifies:
a) Requirements (indicated in Clause 5)
The requirements cover mechanical, electrical safety and the interface with the indoor unit as well
as some electromagnetic compatibility aspects.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the normative requirements detailed in
Clause 5 of this ETS, shall be met in order to qualify compliance with this ETS.
b) Recommendations (indicated in Clause 6)
The recommendations are related to the quality of reception and are intended to assist
manufacturers harmonise equipment design and to enable equipment distributors and end-users to
better determine equipment performance.
The test and measurement procedures associated with the informative recommendations detailed
in Clause 6 of this ETS, are given for verification purposes only. The compliance with the
recommendations will not be taken as a condition to comply with the standard for TVRO equipment.

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
All the tests related to the requirements shall be performed and the results entered in the data sheet of the
test report. The ability to comply with recommendations shall also be noted in the data sheet of the test
report.
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] IEC 510-1 (1975): "Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in
satellite earth stations. Part 1: General".
IEC 510-1-A (1980): "First supplement: d.c. source conditions".
[2] IEC 1079 (1992): "Recommended methods of measurement on receivers for
satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band. Part 1: Radio frequency
measurements on the outdoor unit".
[3] IEC 107-1 (1977): "Recommended methods of measurement on receivers for
television broadcast transmissions. Part 1: General considerations. Electrical
measurements other than those at audio-frequencies".
[4] prEN 50083-1 (1991): "Cabled distribution systems for television and sound
signals. Part 1: Safety requirements".
[5] a) IEC 68 - 1 (1988): "Environmental testing; Part 1: General and guidance".
b) IEC 68 - 2 - 52 (1984): "Test Kb: salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution)".
[6] a) IEC 695-1-1 (1982): "Fire hazard testing; Part 1: General guidance".
b) CENELEC-HD 444.2 (1, 2, 3) S1: IEC 695-2 (1 (1980), 2 (1980), 3 (1984))
ed1: "Fire hazard testing. Part 2: test methods".
[7] IEC 510-1-2 (1984): "Part 1: Measurements common to sub-systems and
combinations of sub-systems. Section 2 - Measurements in the R.F. range".
[8] prEN 50083-2 (1991): "Cabled distribution systems. Part 2: EMC for
components and systems".
[9] CISPR No.16 (1987): "Specifications for radio interference measuring apparatus
and measurements methods".
[10] CENELEC EN 55011 (1991): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio
frequency equipment".
[11] IEC 510-2-1 (1978): "Part 2: Measurements for sub-systems. Section 1 -
General. Section 2 - Antenna (including feed network)".
[12] IEC 510-1-5 (1988): "Part 1: Measurements common to sub-systems and
combinations of sub-systems. Section 5: Noise temperature measurements".
[13] a) IEC 154-2 (1980): "Part 2: Relevant specifications for flanges for ordinary
rectangular waveguides".
b) IEC 154-4 (1969): "Part 4: Relevant specifications for flanges for circular
waveguides".
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ETS 300 158: November 1992
[14] IEC 510-2-4 (1988): "Part 2: Measurements for sub-systems; Section 4: Up-and-
down-converters".
[15] CENELEC EN 50081-1 (1991): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic
emission standard. Part 1: residential, commercial and light industry".
[16] CENELEC EN 50082-1 (1991): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic
immunity standard. Part 1: residential, commercial and light industry".
[17] Draft IEC 933 Part X: "Audio, video and audio visual systems. Interconnections
of satellite receiving equipment".
[18] CENELEC EN 55020 (1988): "Immunity from radio interference of broadcast
receivers and associated equipment".
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this ETS, the following definition applies.
Outdoor unit: is the part of the TVRO installed in a position within line of sight to the satellite(s) to be
received.
It normally comprises two main parts:
1) the antenna sub-system which converts the incident radiation field into a guided wave. The antenna
sub-system consists of:
- the main reflector, the secondary reflectors (if any) and the radiator;
- the feed network; which may include optional polarising devices, to receive orthogonal linear
polarisations, in a simultaneous or exclusive way.
Instead of reflector(s) / feed network sub-system, other types of antennas may be used e.g. flat
array antennas;
2) the LNB(s), which may include an optional filter, is a device with very low internal noise that
amplifies the received signals in the Radio Frequency (RF) band and converts them to intermediate
frequencies, (often called the 1st IF), for transmission to one or more indoor units where tuning,
emodulation and decoding of the received signals are performed.
NOTE: The installation equipment (means of attachment) is not included in this ETS.
However, the antenna structures and other components directly mounted in the
antenna and forming an integral part of it, are subject to the specifications of this ETS.
These include, in particular, the antenna pointing facilities.

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
4 General conditions for measurement
4.1 General
The measurements shall be carried out under "standard atmospheric conditions" with respect to
temperature, air pressure, humidity etc., as stated in IEC 68-1 [5a], subclauses 5.2, 6.1, and 6.2.
Other conditions such as power supply, output port load, test site, accuracy of measuring instruments,
stabilisation period, presentation of results, radio frequency input signals, are also indicated in Annex A.
NOTE 1: Partial testing of the outdoor unit is permitted where it can be shown that relevant test
evidence already exists for the component parts such as antenna sub-system and
mount or the LNB (see subclause 3.1 for definitions).
NOTE 2: In the case where the outdoor unit is manufactured without an accessible interface
between the antenna sub-system and the LNB, it is impossible to carry out the
verification of some specifications. In this case, the manufacturer is required to provide
suitable fixtures.
5 Requirements
5.1 General
The requirements specified in this ETS mainly concern the following:
- the inherent mechanical and electrical safety of the outdoor unit;
- radiation characteristics and immunity to electromagnetic disturbances of the outdoor unit;
- compatibility with the indoor unit.
5.2 Safety
5.2.1 Purpose
In accordance with prEN 50083-1 [4], Clause 3, the outdoor unit shall be so designed, constructed and
installed as to present no danger, either in normal use or under any fault condition, to users, personnel
working on or externally inspecting the equipment, or to any person or property, providing particularly:
- protection against electrical shock by access and lightning;
- protection against physical injury or property damage.
NOTE: The above does not apply to trained, authorised personnel working on the equipment,
who may be exposed to live parts of the equipment by the removal of protective
covers.
5.2.2 Mechanical safety
5.2.2.1 Specification
In accordance with prEN 50083-1 [4], subclause 3.1, all parts of the outdoor unit shall be so constructed
that there is no danger of physical injury from contact with sharp edges or corners.
5.2.2.2 Verification
By physical inspection. Conformance shall be entered in the data sheet of the test report.

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
5.2.3 Mechanical construction
5.2.3.1 Purpose
Protection of operating personnel, the public, and goods from insecure structures.
5.2.3.2 Specifications
5.2.3.2.1 Specification 1: Outdoor unit test
The outdoor unit, including mounted and structural components (but excluding the means of attachment),
shall be designed to support the following main loads due to:
- the weight of the antenna and structural components;
- the wind speed.
Loading due to snow and ice is not considered.
For the purpose of establishing outdoor unit loading (W), the following pressure values shall be used.
If the outdoor unit is installed up to 20 m above the ground level, the value of p (wind pressure) shall be
assumed to be 800 Pa (wind speed 130 km/h).
If the outdoor unit is installed higher than 20 m above the ground level, the value of p (wind pressure) shall
be assumed to be 1 100 Pa (wind speed 150 km/h). The coefficient c to be used in the formula "W = c x p
x A", is 1,2. In this formula:
W is the wind load in Newtons (N)
c is the area correction coefficient (c = 1,2)
p is the wind pressure in Pascals (Pa)
A is the component area (m )
NOTE: Where adverse environmental conditions apply, a higher wind pressure value may
need to be assumed, e.g.:
- a wind pressure shall be 1 250 Pa corresponding to a wind speed of 160 km/h;
- a wind pressure shall be 1 900 Pa corresponding to a wind speed of 200 km/h.
At the maximum applicable wind pressures none of the components shall be torn away. This condition is
referred to as the "survival condition".
The maximum installation height of the antenna and the maximum wind speed shall be those declared by
the manufacturer. These limits shall be indicated in the data sheet of the test report and in the
manufacturers information leaflet (see subclause 6.1.2).
5.2.3.2.2 Specification 2: Mechanical loads at the interface of the attachment devices
The mechanical loads at the interface of the attachment device, shall be entered as values in the data
sheet of the test report and in the manufacturers information leaflet (see subclause 6.1.2).

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ETS 300 158: November 1992
5.2.3.3 Verification
Two alternative methods are proposed for verification.
a) Wind tunnel testing.
A wind tunnel is us
...