ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)

Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Designers' guide; Part 3: Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

RTR/TETRA-01187-3

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Jun-2009
• Technical Committee: TCCE 1 - TCCE User Requirements / Services
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 22-Jul-2009
• Completion Date: 19-Jun-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)
Technical Report


Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA);
Voice plus Data (V+D);
Designers' guide;
Part 3: Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)



Reference
RTR/TETRA-01187-3
Keywords
MS, radio, TETRA
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009.
All rights reserved.

TM TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS , TIPHON , the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered
for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered
for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)
Content
Intellectual Property Rights.9
Foreword.9
1 Scope.10
2 References.10
2.1 Normative references.11
2.2 Informative references.11
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .12
3.1 Definitions.12
3.2 Symbols.14
3.3 Abbreviations.15
4 What is direct mode and why do we need it?.16
4.1 General.16
4.2 Frequency of operation.17
4.3 Managed Direct Mode.18
5 Direct mode services and facilities.19
5.1 Service definitions.19
5.1.1 Teleservice.19
5.1.2 Bearer service.19
5.1.3 Intrinsic service.19
5.1.4 Summary of tele/bearer services offered in TETRA DMO .20
5.1.5 Service Access.20
5.2 Direct mode teleservices.21
5.2.1 Individual call.21
5.2.2 Group call.21
5.2.3 SDS based teleservices .21
5.3 Direct mode bearer services .21
5.3.1 Circuit mode unprotected bearer services.22
5.3.2 Circuit mode protected bearer services.22
5.3.3 Short Data Service (SDS) .22
5.3.4 SDS-TL service.23
5.4 Intrinsic services.23
5.4.1 DM late entry.23
5.4.2 Transmitting party identification .24
5.4.3 Emergency calls.24
6 Description of direct mode equipment types.24
6.1 General.24
6.2 Direct mode mobile station (DM-MS) .25
6.3 Dual watch mobile station (DW-MS).26
6.4 Direct mode repeater (DM-REP).27
6.5 Direct mode gateway (DM-GATE).27
6.6 Direct mode repeater/gateway combination (DM-REP/GATE).28
6.7 Direct mode power classes .28
6.8 Limitations imposed by the physical layer for direct mode type equipment .29
7 Direct mode operational examples .29
7.1 General.29
7.2 MS to MS communication with full Dual Watching.30
7.3 DMO communication via a repeater with full Dual Watching.31
7.4 Gateway operation.31
7.5 Direct mode repeater/gateway operation.33
8 Outline of direct mode protocols.34
8.1 OSI reference model.34
8.2 TDMA frame and slot structure for direct mode operation .34
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
4 ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)
8.2.1 Frame structure.35
8.2.2 Timeslots and bursts .35
8.3 Physical layer functionality .36
8.4 Single call protocols .37
8.4.1 MS-MS Normal Mode.37
8.4.2 Repeater type 1A .37
8.4.3 Repeater type 1B.38
8.4.4 Gateway.38
8.4.5 Repeater/Gateway types 1A and 1B .38
8.5 Two call protocols.39
8.5.1 MS-MS frequency efficient mode .39
8.5.2 Repeater type 2 .40
8.6 Choosing the repeater type .40
8.6.1 Background.40
8.6.2 Mobile trunked mode base station .40
8.6.2.1 Advantages of using a stand-alone mobile trunked mode base station for repeater operation.41
8.6.2.2 Disadvantages of using a stand-alone mobile trunked mode base station for repeater operation .41
8.7 Co-existence with trunked mode.41
8.7.1 General.41
8.7.2 Type 1A DM-REP in TM-BS transmit band .42
8.7.3 Type 1A DM-REP in TM-BS receive band.43
8.7.4 Type 1B or type 2 DM-REP transmitter in TM-BS transmit band .44
8.7.5 Type 1B or type 2 DM-REP transmitter in TM-BS receive band.45
8.7.6 DM-REP and DM-MSs far from TM-BS and TM-MSs.46
8.7.7 DM-REP and DM-MSs far from TM-BS, close to TM-MSs .46
8.7.8 DM-REP and DM-MSs close to TM-BS, far from TM-MSs .47
8.7.9 DM-REP and DM-MSs close to TM-BS and TM-MSs.47
8.8 Co-existence with direct mode MS-MS operation .48
8.8.1 General.48
8.8.2 MS-MS call in type 1B DM-REP uplink band .48
8.8.3 MS-MS call in type 1B DM-REP downlink band .49
8.9 Direct mode frequency re-use .50
8.9.1 General.50
8.9.2 MS-MS call on type 1B DM-REP uplink frequency .51
8.9.3 MS-MS call on type 1B DM-REP downlink frequency .52
8.10 Implementation and operation issues affecting dual watch .53
8.10.1 General.53
8.10.2 Basis for dual watch operation.53
8.10.3 Implementation of dual watch operation .53
8.10.3.1 Switching from idle to active .54
8.10.3.2 Switching from active to active.55
8.11 Channel surveillance.56
8.12 Battery economy.56
8.13 Testable boundaries.56
9 Security features.57
9.1 General.57
9.2 Authentication.57
9.2.1 Mobile to mobile operation.57
9.2.2 Dual Watch Operation .57
9.2.3 Gateway mode operation.57
9.3 Confidentiality.57
9.3.1 Air Interface (AI) encryption.57
9.3.1.1 Cipher Key.58
9.3.1.2 The Time Variant Parameter (TVP).59
9.3.2 End-to-end encryption.59
9.4 Key Management.59
9.4.1 Air Interface Encryption keys.59
9.4.2 End to End Encryption keys .59
10 Radio Aspects.59
10.1 DMO deployment constraints.59
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5 ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)
10.2 Transmitter noise.60
10.3 Blocking.61
10.4 Effects of transmitter noise and blocking .62
10.5 Methodology .62
10.5.1 Assumptions.63
10.5.2 Calculating the effect of transmitter noise .63
10.5.3 Calculating the effect of blocking.64
10.5.4 Allowing for a noise floor uplift .64
10.5.5 Translating path losses into distances .64
10.6 Example 1 - wanted signal at extremity of range, unwanted interferer close by.65
10.6.1 Step 1 - Calculate allowable noise .65
10.6.2 Step 2 - Translate allowable noise into path loss and stay-away distance .66
10.6.3 Step 3 - Calculate path loss and stay-away distance for blocking.66
10.7 Example 2 - wanted signal at close range, unwanted interferer close by .66
10.7.1 Step 1 - Calculate noise floor uplift .66
10.7.2 Step 2 - Calculate allowable noise .67
10.7.3 Step 3 - Translate allowable noise into path loss and stay-away distance .67
10.7.4 Step 4 - Calculate path loss and stay-away distance for blocking.67
10.8 Unwanted transmission noise versus blocking .67
10.9 Variation of stay-away distance with transmitter power and frequency separation .68
10.10 Effect of assumptions .69
10.11 Implementation issues.70
10.12 Recommended frequency separation for DMO MS-MSs.73
11 Operational scenarios .73
11.1 Range extension scenario using type 1A repeater .73
11.2 Range extension scenarios using a gateway .75
11.3 DMO range extension scenario with link into TMO Dispatcher using a type 1B repeater/gateway.76
11.4 DMO range extension scenario with link into TMO Dispatcher using a gateway .78
11.5 Range extension inside buildings using a type 2 repeater .79
Annex A: Teleservices, bearer and supplementary services supported by TMO/DMO.81
Annex B: Short range propagation models used in the co-existence studies.82
B.1 Introduction.82
B.2 Free space propagation.82
B.3 Bacon model.83
B.4 CEPT SE21 model .84
B.5 Discussion.86
Annex C: Trial results for short range propagation model and comparison between
theoretical and measured stay-away distances.89
C.1 Introduction.89
C.2 Results of the trials.89
C.3 Assumptions of the theoretical calculations.90
C.4 Propagation model.92
C.5 Losses between receiver and transmitters .92
C.6 Reduction in voice quality.94
C.7 Measured transmitter losses at the Newbury Racecourse trials and the decreased margin.95
C.8 The assumption of linearity.96
C.9 Conclusions and discussion.98
C.10 Quantitative assessment .99
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 ETSI TR 102 300-3 V1.3.3 (2009-06)
Annex D: RF channel selection, numbering and addressing.100
D.1 Background.100
D.2 Numbering.100
D.3 Addressing in repeater and gateway direct mode operation.101
D.4 Summary.101
Annex E: Detailed direct mode protocols .102
E.1 General.102
E.2 MS-MS direct mode normal operation.102
E.2.1 DM protocol layering .102
E.2.2 MS-MS direct mode functionality.103
E.2.3 MS-MS physical resources.103
E.2.4 Slot timing diagrams .103
E.2.4.1 Constraints on the frame structure (including synchronization) .104
E.2.4.2 Direct mode operation.104
E.2.5 MS-MS call set-up protocol .105
E.2.5.1 MS-MS call set-up without presence check.105
E.2.5.2 MS-MS call set-up time (fundamental constraints) .106
E.2.5.3 MS-MS call set-up with presence check.106
E.2.6 Late entry.106
E.2.7 Channel reservation and changeover in a call .
...