ETSI TR 125 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Feasibility study for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) (3GPP TR 25.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15)

RTR/TSGR-0025912vf00

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 26-Jul-2018
• Technical Committee: 3GPP RAN - Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Completion Date: 27-Jul-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL REPORT
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS);
LTE;
Feasibility study for evolved Universal
Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA)
and Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
(3GPP TR 25.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15)

3GPP TR 25.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TR 125 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)

Reference
RTR/TSGR-0025912vf00
Keywords
LTE,UMTS
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3GPP TR 25.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 2 ETSI TR 125 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
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Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or
GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables.
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Modal verbs terminology
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"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
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Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Foreword . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 Introduction . 10
5 Deployment scenario . 10
6 Radio interface protocol architecture for evolved UTRA . 11
6.1 User plane . 13
6.2 Control plane . 13
7 Physical layer for evolved UTRA . 14
7.1 Downlink transmission scheme . 14
7.1.1 Basic transmission scheme based on OFDMA . 14
7.1.1.1 Basic parameters . 14
7.1.1.1.1 Modulation scheme . 15
7.1.1.2 Multiplexing including reference-signal structure . 15
7.1.1.2.1 Downlink data multiplexing . 15
7.1.1.2.2 Downlink reference-signal structure . 15
7.1.1.2.3 Downlink L1/L2 Control Signaling . 15
7.1.1.3 MIMO and transmit diversity . 16
7.1.1.4 MBMS . 16
7.1.2 Physical layer procedure . 16
7.1.2.1 Scheduling . 16
7.1.2.2 Link adaptation . 17
7.1.2.3 HARQ . 17
7.1.2.4 Cell search . 17
7.1.2.5 Inter-cell interference mitigation . 18
7.1.3 Physical layer measurements . 18
7.1.3.1 UE measurements . 18
7.1.3.1.1 Measurements for Scheduling . 18
7.1.3.1.1.1 Channel Quality Measurements . 18
7.1.3.1.1.2 Measurements for Interference Coordination/Management . 18
7.1.3.1.2 Measurements for Mobility . 18
7.1.3.1.2.1 Intra-frequency neighbour measurements . 19
7.1.3.1.2.2 Inter-frequency neighbour measurements . 19
7.1.3.1.2.3 Inter RAT measurements . 19
7.1.3.1.2.4 Measurement gap control . 19
7.2 Uplink transmission scheme . 19
7.2.1 Basic transmission scheme . 19
7.2.1.1 Modulation scheme . 20
7.2.1.2 Multiplexing including reference signal structure . 20
7.2.1.2.1 Uplink data multiplexing . 20
7.2.1.2.2 Uplink reference-signal structure . 20
7.2.1.2.3 Multiplexing of L1/L2 control signaling . 21
7.2.1.2.4 Uplink L1/L2 Control Signalling. 21
7.2.1.3 MIMO . 21
7.2.1.4 Power De-rating Reduction . 21
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7.2.2 Physical channel procedure. 21
7.2.2.1 Random access procedure . 21
7.2.2.1.1 Non-synchronized random access . 22
7.2.2.1.1.1 Power control for non-synchronized random access . 22
7.2.2.1.2 Synchronized random access . 22
7.2.2.2 Scheduling . 22
7.2.2.3 Link adaptation . 22
7.2.2.4 Power control . 23
7.2.2.5 HARQ . 23
7.2.2.6 Uplink timing control . 23
7.2.2.7 Inter-cell interference mitigation . 23
8 Layer 2 and RRC evolution for evolved UTRA . . 23
8.1 MAC sublayer . 25
8.1.1 Services and functions . 25
8.1.2 Logical channels . 25
8.1.2.1 Control channels . 26
8.1.2.2 Traffic channels . 26
8.1.3 Mapping between logical channels and transport channels . 26
8.1.3.1 Mapping in Uplink . 27
8.1.3.2 Mapping in downlink . 27
8.2 RLC sublayer . 27
8.3 PDCP sublayer . 27
8.4 RRC . 28
8.4.1 Services and functions . 28
8.4.2 RRC protocol states & state transitions . 29
9 Architecture for evolved UTRAN . 29
9.1 Evolved UTRAN architecture . 29
9.2 Functional split . 30
9.3 Interfaces . 30
9.3.1 S1 interface . 30
9.3.1.1 Definition . 30
9.3.1.2 S1-C RNL protocol functions . 30
9.3.1.3 S1-U RNL protocol functions . 31
9.3.1.4 S1-X2 similarities . 31
9.3.2 X2 interface . 31
9.3.2.1 Definition . 31
9.3.2.2 X2-C RNL Protocol Functions . 31
9.3.2.3 X2-U RNL Protocol Functions . 31
9.4 Intra-LTE-access-system mobility . 32
9.4.1 Intra-LTE-access-system mobility support for UE in LTE_IDLE . 32
9.4.2 Intra LTE-Access-System Mobility Support for UE in LTE_ACTIVE . 32
9.4.2.1 Description of Intra-LTE-Access Mobility Support for UEs in LTE_ACTIVE . 32
9.4.2.2 Solution for Intra-LTE-Access Mobility Support for UEs in LTE_ACTIVE . 32
9.4.2.2.1 C-plane handling: . 32
9.4.2.2.2 U-plane handling . 34
9.5 Inter 3GPP access system mobility . 34
9.5.1 Inter 3GPP access system mobility in Idle state . 34
9.5.2 Inter 3GPP access system mobility handover . 34
9.6 Resource establishment and QoS signalling . 34
9.6.1 QoS concept and bearer service architecture . 34
9.6.2 Resource establishment and QoS signalling . 34
9.7 Paging and C-plane establishment . 36
9.8 Evaluations on for E-UTRAN architecture and migration . 36
9.9 Support of roaming restrictions in LTE_ACTIVE . 36
10 RF related aspects of evolved UTRA . 37
10.1 Scalable bandwidth. 37
10.2 Spectrum deployment . 37
11 Radio resource management aspects of evolved UTRA . 38
11.1 Introduction . 38
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11.2 Definition and description of RRM functions . 38
11.2.1 Radio Bearer Control (RBC) . 38
11.2.2 Radio Admission Control (RAC) . 38
11.2.3 Connection Mobility Control (CMC) . 38
11.2.4 Packet Scheduling (PSC) . 39
11.2.5 Inter-cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) . 39
11.2.6 Load Balancing (LB) . 39
11.2.7 Inter-RAT Radio Resource Management . 39
11.3 RRM architecture in LTE . 39
11.4 Support of load sharing and policy management across different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) . 40
12 System and terminal complexity . 40
12.1 Over all system complexity . 40
12.2 Physical layer complexity . 40
12.3 UE complexity . 41
13 Performance assessments . 42
13.1 Peak data rate . 42
13.2 C-plane latency . 43
13.2.1 FDD frame structure . 44
13.2.2 TDD frame structure type 1 . 44
13.2.3 TDD frame structure type 2 . 46
13.3 U-plane latency . 46
13.3.1 FDD frame structure . 47
13.3.2 TDD frame structure type 1 . 48
13.3.3 TDD frame structure type 2 . 49
13.4 User throughput . 50
13.4.1 Fulfilment of uplink user-throughput targets . 50
13.4.1.1 Initial performance evaluation . 50
13.4.1.2 UL user throughput performance evaluation . 50
13.4.2 Fulfilment of downlink user-throughput targets . 51
13.4.2.0 Initial performance evaluation . 51
13.4.2.1 Fulfilment of downlink user-throughput targets by enhancement techniques . 51
13.4.2.1.1 Performance Enhancement by Additional Transmit Antennas: 4 Transmit Antennas . 52
13.4.2.2 DL user throughput performance evaluation . 52
13.5 Spectrum efficiency . 53
13.5.1 Fulfilment of uplink spectrum-efficiency target . 53
13.5.1.1 Initial performance evaluation . 53
13.5.1.2 UL spectrum efficiency performance evaluation . 53
13.5.2 Fulfilment of downlink spectrum-efficiency target . 53
13.5.2.0 Initial performance evaluation . 53
13.5.2.1 Fulfilment of downlink spectrum-efficiency targets by enhancement techniques . 54
13.5.2.2 DL spectrum efficiency performance evaluation . 54
13.6 Mobility . 55
13.6.1 Features supporting various mobile velocities . 55
13.6.2 Assessment on U-plane interruption time during handover . 55
13.6.3 Means to minimise packet loss during handover . 58
13.7 Coverage. 58
13.8 Support for point to multipoint transmission . 58
13.8.1 Initial performance evaluation . 59
13.8.2 MBSFN performance evaluation . 59
13.9 Network synchronisation . 60
13.10 Co-existence and inter-working with 3GPP RAT . 60
13.11 General requirements . 60
13.11.1 Cost related requirements . 60
13.11.2 Service related requirements . 61
13.12 VoIP performance evaluation . 61
14 Conclusions and Recommendations . 62
14.1 Conclusions . 62
14.2 Recommendations . 63
Annex A (informative): Change History . 64
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History . 65

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Foreword
rd
This Technical Report has been produced by the 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.

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1 Scope
This present document is the technical report for the study item "Evolved UTRA and UTRAN" [1]. The objective of the
study item is to develop a framework for the evolution of the 3GPP radio-access technology towards a high-data-rate,
low-latency and packet-optimized radio access technology.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TD RP-040461: "Proposed Study Item on Evolved UTRA and UTRAN".
[2] 3GPP TR 25.814: "Physical Layer Aspects for Evolved UTRA"
[3] 3GPP TR 23.882: "3GPP System Architecture Evolution: Report on Technical Options and
Conclusions"
[4] 3GPP TR 25.913: "Requirements for Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) and Evolved UTRAN (E-
UTRAN)"
[5] 3GPP TR 25.813: "Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) and Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN): Radio Interface
Protocol Aspects."
[6] 3GPP TD RP-060292 R3.018: "E-UTRA and E-UTRAN; Radio access architecture and
interfaces."
[7] Recommendation ITU-R SM.329-10: "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain"
[8] 3GPP TD R4-060660: "E-UTRA Radio Technology Aspects V0.1.0", NTT DoCoMo
[9] 3GPP T D R4-051146: "Some operators requirements for prioritisation of performance
requirements work in RAN WG4"
[10] 3GPP TD R1-070674: "LTE physical layer framework for performance verification"
Orange, China Mobile, KPN, NTT DoCoMo, Sprint, T-Mobile, Vodafone, Telecom Italia.
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
void
3.2 Symbols
void
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
ACK Acknowledgement
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ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio
aGW Access Gateway
AM Acknowledge Mode
ARQ Automatic Repeat Request
AS Access Stratum
BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
BCH Broadcast Channel
C/I Carrier-to-Interference Power Ratio
CAZAC Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation
CMC Connection Mobility Control
CP Cyclic Prefix
C-plane Control Plane
CQI Channel Quality Indicator
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
DCCH Dedicated Control Channel
DL Downlink
DRX Discontinuous Reception
DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel
DTX Discontinuous Transmission
eNB E-UTRAN NodeB
EPC Evolved Packet Core
E-UTRA Evolved UTRA
E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GSM Global System for Mobile communication
HARQ Hybrid ARQ
HO Handover
HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
ICIC Inter-Cell Interference Coordination
IP Internet Protocol
LB Load Balancing
LCR Low Chip Rate
LTE Long Term Evolution
MAC Medium Access Control
MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
MCCH Multicast Control Channel
MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
MME Mobility Management Entity
MTCH MBMS Traffic Channel
NACK Non-Acknowledgement
NAS Non-Access Stratum
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
PA Power Amplifier
PAPR Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
PCCH Paging Control Channel
PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
PDU Packet Data Unit
PHY Physical layer
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PRB Physical Resource Block
PSC Packet Scheduling
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QoS Quality of Service
RAC Radio Admission Control
RACH Random Access Channel
RAT Radio Access Technology
RB Radio Bearer
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RBC Radio Bearer Control
RF Radio Frequency
RLC Radio Link Control
RNL Radio Network Layer
ROHC Robust Header Compression
RRC Radio Resource Control
RRM Radio Resource Management
RU Resource Unit
S1 interface between eNB and aGW
S1-C S1-Control plane
S1-U S1-User plane
SAE System Architecture Evolution
SAP Service Access Point
SC-FDMA Single Carrier – Frequency Division Multiple Access
SCH Synchronization Channel
SDMA Spatial Division Multiple Access
SDU Service Data Unit
SFN Single Frequency Network
TA Tracking Area
TB Transport Block
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TDD Time Division Duplex
TM Transparent Mode
TNL Transport Network Layer
TTI Transmission Time Interval
UE User Equipment
UL Uplink
UM Un-acknowledge Mode
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
UPE User Plane Entity
U-plane User plane
UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
VRB Virtual Resource Block
X2 interface between eNBs
X2-C X2-Control plane
X2-U X2-User plane
4 Introduction
At the 3GPP TSG RAN #26 meeting, the SI description on "Evolved UTRA and UTRAN" was approved [1].
The justification of the study item was, that with enhancements such as HSDPA and Enhanced Uplink, the 3GPP radio-
access technology will be highly competitive for several years. However, to ensure competitiveness in an even longer
time frame, i.e. for the next 10 years and beyond, a long-term evolution of the 3GPP radio-access technology needs to
be considered.
Important parts of such a long-term evolution include reduced latency, higher user data rates, improved system capacity
and coverage, and reduced cost for the operator. In order to achieve this, an evolution of the radio interface as well as
the radio network architecture should be considered.
Considering a desire for even higher data rates and also taking into account future additional 3G spectrum allocations
the long-term 3GPP evolution should include an evolution towards support for wider transmission bandwidth than 5
MHz. At the same time, support for transmission bandwidths of 5MHz and less than 5MHz should be investigated in
order to allow for more flexibility in whichever frequency bands the system may be deployed
5 Deployment scenario
A very large set of scenarios are foreseen, as stated in 25.913 [4]:
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- Standalone deployment scenario: In this scenario the operator is deploying E-UTRAN either with no previous
network deployed in the area or it could be deployed in areas where there is existing UTRAN/GERAN coverage
but for any reason there is no requirement for interworking with UTRAN/GERAN (e.g. standalone wireless
broadband application).
- Integrating with existing UTRAN and/or GERAN deployment scenario: In this scenario it is assumed that the
operator is having either a UTRAN and/or a GERAN network deployed with full or partial coverage in the same
geographical area. It is assumed that the GERAN and UTRAN networks respectively can have differently levels
of maturity.
In order to enable the large number of possibilities, E-UTRAN will support the following:
1) shared networks, both in initial selection and in mobile-initiated (controlled by system broadcast) and network-
initiated/–controlled mobility.
2) high-velocity and nomadic mobiles. Mobility mechanisms include a handover mechanism with short latency,
short interruption and minimizing of data losses (when the user has high data activity). Hence both high mobile
velocities and Conversational QoS can be supported (as elaborated in 13.6).
3) various cell sizes and radio environments. The radio aspects are analyzed in chapter 10, but the specified
mobility mechanisms are deemed adequate to support different cell sizes (also mixed) and both planned or adhoc
deployments.
Note: ad hoc deployment inherently does not support high user QoS classes.
4) co-operation with legacy systems as required in 25.913 chapter 8.4. In particular Handover to and from GERAN
and UTRAN is supported. Handover can be triggered by combinations of radio quality and requested bearer
quality. This capability enables all combinations of E-UTRAN and GERAN/UTRAN coverage, ranging from
full to partial coverage, overlapping to adjacent coverage and ranging from co-siting (with re-use of equipment)
to separate sites for LTE, as required in 25.913 chapter 8.3. It also enables operator control of RAT and QoS
selection per user.
5) The requirement on efficiency is to a large extent determined by radio functions (described in chapters 9 and 10,
analyzed in chapter 13). However, the designed mobility procedures are (for the intra-E-UTRAN case)
potentially considerably faster than the ones in legacy systems and can thus be considered to support the
requirement on efficiency (as described in detail in 13.6.2).
E-UTRAN also supports the requirements of:
6) Simplicity, due to only one type of node.
7) Low user data delay, due to low number of nodes in the data path
E-UTRAN shall support IP transport networks and all data link options. E-UTRAN will use separated RNL and TNL
QoS. This permits co-use of existing transport networks.
6 Radio interface protocol architecture for evolved
UTRA
The E-UTRAN consists of eNBs, providing the E-UTRA U-plane (RLC/MAC/PHY) and C-plane (RRC) protocol
terminations towards the UE. The eNBs interface to the aGW via the S1 [5].
Figure 6.1 below gives an overview of the E-UTRAN architecture where yellow-shaded boxes depict the logical nodes,
white boxes depict the functional entities of the C-plane, and blue boxes depict the functional entities of the U-plane.
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Figure 6.1: E-UTRAN Architecture
The functions hosted by the eNB are:
- Selection of aGW at attachment;
- Routing towards aGW at RRC activation;
- Scheduling and transmission of paging messages;
- Scheduling and transmission of BCCH information;
- Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink;
- The configuration and provision of eNB measurements;
- Radio Bearer Control;
- Radio Admission Control;
- Connection Mobility Control in LTE_ACTIVE state.
The functions hosted by the aGW are:
- Paging origination;
- LTE_IDLE state management;
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- Ciphering of the U-plane;
- PDCP;
- SAE Bearer Control (see [3]);
- Ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signalling.
6.1 User plane
Figure 6.2 below shows the U-plane protocol stack for E-UTRAN, where:
- RLC and MAC sublayers (terminated in eNB on the network side) perform the functions listed in clause 8, e.g.:
- Scheduling;
- ARQ;
- HARQ.
- PDCP sublayer (terminated in aGW on the network side) performs for the U-plane the functions listed in clause
8, e.g.:
- Header Compression;
- Integrity Protection (to be determined during WI phase)
- Ciphering.
Figure 6.2: U-plane protocol stack
6.2 Control plane
Figure 6.3 below shows theC-plane protocol stack for E-UTRAN. The following working assumptions apply:
- RLC and MAC sublayers (terminated in eNB on the network side) perform the same functions as for the U-
plane;
- RRC (terminated in eNB on the network side) performs the functions listed in clause 8, e.g.:
- Broadcast;
- Paging;
- RRC connection management;
- RB control;
- Mobility functions;
- UE measurement reporting and control.
ETSI
...