ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)

Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); System Aspects for Public Safety

DTR/RRS-04005

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 04-Mar-2010
• Technical Committee: RRS 4 - Civil Security & Inter-Domain Synergies
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 01-Mar-2010
• Completion Date: 05-Mar-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical Report
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS);
System Aspects for Public Safety

2 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)

Reference
DTR/RRS-04005
Keywords
radio, system
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ETSI
3 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 10
4 Relevant input from other organizations . 11
4.1 Organizations . 12
4.1.1 Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International (APCO) . 12
4.1.2 European Commission DG INFSO . 12
4.1.3 ECC . 12
4.1.4 ETSI EMTEL . 13
4.1.5 ETSI TETRA . 13
4.1.6 Intelligent Transportation System . 13
4.1.7 NATO . 14
4.1.8 PSCE Public Safety Communication Europe (NARTUS) . 14
4.1.9 Project MESA . 14
4.1.10 SAFECOM . 14
4.1.11 SDR Forum . 15
4.2 Projects . 15
4.2.1 Project CHORIST . 15
4.2.2 E2R . 16
4.2.3 ESSOR . 16
4.2.4 EULER . 16
4.2.5 WIDENS . 17
4.2.6 WINTSEC. 17
4.2.7 WISECOM . 17
5 Current communication systems in Public Safety . 17
5.1 Analog PMR . 18
5.2 APCO 25 . 18
5.3 Commercial cellular networks GSM/GPRS/UMTS/3G . 18
5.4 TETRA . 19
5.5 TETRAPOL . 19
5.6 Satellite Networks . 19
5.7 WiFi/WiMAX . 19
5.8 Marine Communications . 19
5.9 Avionics communication . 20
5.10 Mapping Table . 20
6 Overall System Design . 20
6.1 Introduction . 20
6.2 Input from other TC RRS working groups . 22
6.3 Functional architecture and interfaces . 22
6.4 Spectrum Management . 26
6.4.1 Current status of Spectrum Policy for Public Safety . 26
6.4.2 Dynamic Spectrum Management . 27
6.4.2.1 Introduction . 27
6.4.2.2 DSM design in Public Safety domain . 28
6.4.2.3 DSM two-layers approach in Public Safety domain . 30
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4 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
6.4.3 Architectures for Dynamic Spectrum Management . 31
6.4.3.1 Centralized architecture, Out-of-band channel. 32
6.4.3.2 Centralized architecture, In-band channel . 34
6.4.3.3 De-centralized architecture . 35
6.4.3.4 Evaluation of DSM architectures against requirements . 38
6.4.4 Modelling and simulation of Cognitive Wireless networks in Public Safety . 38
6.5 Security . 39
6.6 Interoperability . 44
6.7 Policy Framework . 46
7 Terminal Architecture . 47
7.1 Introduction . 47
7.2 ETSI TC RRS SDR Architecture for Mobile Devices . 47
7.3 Software architecture . 48
7.3.1 Software Communications Architecture (SCA). 50
7.3.2 The European Software Radio Architecture (ESRA) . 51
7.4 Conclusions . 52
8 Investigation on Deployment/Integration/Evolution/Migration from current infrastructures and
equipment . 52
8.1 Cost considerations (lifecycle/terminal price/software portability/deployment) . 52
8.1.1 Introduction. 52
8.1.2 Terminal price . 53
8.1.3 Deployment. 53
8.1.4 SW Portability and related business model . 53
8.1.5 Lifecycle . 55
8.2 Impact to organizational structures and procedures . 55
8.3 Considerations for evaluation and testing . 56
8.3.1 Certification . 56
8.3.2 Measurements and testing of wireless interferences . 56
History . 57

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5 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS).
Introduction
The present document provides a feasibility study of the Systems Aspects for the application of reconfigurable radio
systems to the Public Safety domain.
While the Public Safety domain has specific sets of requirements and challenges in comparison to the consumer
domain, reconfigurable radio systems can provide improved operational capabilities to public safety organizations.
The purpose of the present document is to provide an overview of the main system design areas to investigate, to
present potential design solutions and related trade-offs.
As a feasibility study the present document provides basis for decision making at ETSI Board level on standardization
of some or all topics of the systems aspects in Public Safety domain.
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6 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
1 Scope
The present document gives guidelines for the application of reconfigurable radio technologies in the Public Safety
domain and how they can solve or mitigate some of the challenges faced by Public safety communications today:
• Public safety organizations use many separate and often incompatible systems with quite different capabilities.
• New Public Safety applications or the evolution of existing ones require an increase need for broadband
connectivity.
• Public Safety organizations usually operate in uncertain and changing operational scenarios.
In this context, the present document establishes the general principles for the application of dynamic spectrum
management and cognitive radio in public safety domain. Security aspects will also addressed in the present document.
The document will also present relevant past and current activity in this context from other projects and standardizations
bodies.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
Not applicable.
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] SDR Forum - Software Defined Radio technology for Public Safety, Working Document
SDRF-06-W-0001-1.0.
[i.2] "Framework for sharing common waveforms", NATO C3 Board software Defined Radio Users
group (SDRUG), working paper AC/322-WP92008.
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7 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
[i.3] "Business Models for Wireless Interoperability using Software Defined Radio", NATO industrial
advisory group. DRAFT.
[i.4] Software defined radio to enable NNEC: technical challenges and opportunities for NATO by
Michael Street and Darek Maksimiuk, NATO C3 Agency.
[i.5] An Evolution of SDR, Ofcom Study. QinetiQ/D&TS/COM/PUB0603670/ Editor Taj Sturman.
[i.6] European Secure Software Radio Programme (ESSOR) Jerzy Lopatka, NATO RTO conference on
Tactical communications, Prague, April 2008. IST-083. Page 4-4.
[i.7] On Workload in an SCA-Based System, with Varying Component and Data Packet Sizes
Ulversøy, T.; Olavsson Neset, J, NATO RTO conference on Tactical communications, Prague,
April 2008. IST-083.
[i.8] Spectrum Management for the 21st century. The president's spectrum policy initiative second
annual progress report. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. October 2007.
[i.9] J. Zhao, H. Zheng, G.H. Yang, Distributed coordination in dynamic spectrum allocation networks,
in: First IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access
Networks, pp. 259-268, November 8-11, 2005.
[i.10] Lili Cao and Haitao Zheng, "Distributed spectrum allocation via local bargaining", in Proc. of
Second Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor and Ad Hoc
Communications and Networks, (Secon), Sept. 2005, pp. 475-486.
[i.11] H. Zheng, L. Cao, "Device-centric spectrum management", in Proc. of IEEE DySPAN 2005,
Nov. 2005, pp. 56-65.
[i.12] J. So and N. H. Vaidya, "Multi-channel MAC for ad hoc networks: Handling multi-channel hidden
terminals using a single transceiver", in Proc. of ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad
Hoc Networking and Computing, (Mobihoc), May 2004, pp. 222-233.
[i.13] ETSI TR 102 653: "Project MESA; Technical Specification Group - System; System and Network
Architecture".
[i.14] European Radio Office (ERO).
NOTE: Available at www.ero.dk. Last accessed 26/06/2009.
[i.15] ECC REPORT 102: "Public protection and disaster relief spectrum requirements", Helsinki,
January 2007.
[i.16] Press Release: "European Commission paves the way for European mobile satellite services".
NOTE: Available at
http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/09/770&format=HTML&aged=0&language
=EN&guiLanguage=en. Last Accessed 31/07/2009.
[i.17] APCO 25.
NOTE: Available at http://www.project25.org/. Last accessed 26/05/2009.
[i.18] US Department of Homeland Security. Multi-band Radio Project.
NOTE: Available at http://www.safecomprogram.gov/SAFECOM/currentprojects/mbr. Last accessed
31/07/2009.
[i.19] The Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) and the Army's Future Combat System (FCS): Issues for
Congress. CRS Report for Congress. November 17, 2005.
[i.20] "TETRA versus GSM for Public Safety".
NOTE: Available in the reports section in
http://www.tetramou.com/uploadedFiles/Files/Documents/TETRAorGSMinPS.zip.
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8 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
[i.21] ETSI TR 122 950: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Priority service feasibility study (3GPP TR 22.950)".
[i.22] "TETRA serving Public Safety in Europe".
NOTE: Available in the reports section at www.tetramou.com.
[i.23] "Best practices regarding the use of spectrum by some public sectors". EC DG INFSO/B4/RSPG.
11 February 2009.
NOTE: Available at http://rspg.groups.eu.int/.
[i.24] ETSI TR 102 683: "Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC)".
[i.25] ETSI TR 102 682: "Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Functional Architecture (FA) for the
Management and Control of Reconfigurable Radio Systems".
[i.26] ETSI TR 102 476: "Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Emergency calls and VoIP: possible
short and long term solutions and standardization activities".
[i.27] ETSI TR 102 445: "Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Overview of Emergency
Communications Network Resilience and Preparedness".
[i.28] ETSI TR 170 012 (V3.1.1): "Project MESA; Technical Specification Group - System; System
Overview".
[i.29] ETSI TR 102 745: "Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); User Requirements for Public Safety".
[i.30] ETSI TR 122 952: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Priority service guide (3GPP TR 22.952)".
[i.31] ETSI TR 122 953: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Multimedia priority service feasibility study (3GPP
TR 22.953)".
[i.32] ETSI TS 122 153: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); Multimedia priority service (3GPP TS 22.153)".
[i.33] ETSI TR 102 839: "Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Multiradio Interface for Software
Defined Radio (SDR) Mobile Device Architecture and Services".
[i.34] ETSI TS 170 001: "Project MESA; Service Specification Group - Services and Applications;
Statement of Requirements (SoR)".
[i.35] ETSI TS 170 016: "Project MESA; Technical Specification Group - System; Functional
Requirements Definition".
[i.36] D2.1:"Report on ICT Research and Technology Development status for public safety".
[i.37] ETSI TR 170 002: "Project MESA; Service Specification Group - Services and Applications;
Definitions, symbols and abbreviations".
[i.38] ETSI TR 170 003: "Project MESA; Service Specification Group - Services and Applications;
Basic requirements".
[i.39] SAFECOM: "Public Safety Radio Frequency Spectrum: A Comparison of Multiple Access
Techniques".
[i.40] SAFECOM: "Public Safety Architecture Framework Volume I and II and Trial Report".
[i.41] CHORIST: "Reports on improvements to existing legacy PMR and broadband systems".
[i.42] CHORIST: "Report on Wideband network definition and design".
[i.43] CHORIST: "Report on Broadband network definition and design".
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9 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
[i.44] IEEE 802.16e: "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for
Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment for Physical and Medium
Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
Cognitive Radio (CR): radio, which has the following capabilities:
• to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage
patterns and users' needs;
• to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this knowledge;
• in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g. more efficient utilization of spectrum; and
• to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
Cognitive Radio System (CRS): radio system, which has the following capabilities:
• to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage
patterns and users' needs;
• to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this knowledge
in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g. more efficient utilization of spectrum; and
• to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
NOTE 1: Radio operational environment encompasses radio and geographical environments, and internal states of
the Cognitive Radio System.
NOTE 2: To obtain knowledge encompasses, for instance, by sensing the spectrum, by using knowledge data base,
by user collaboration, or by broadcasting and receiving of control information.
NOTE 3: Cognitive Radio System comprises a set of entities able to communicate with each other (e.g. network
and terminal entities and management entities).
NOTE 4: Radio system is typically designed to use certain radio frequency band(s) and it includes agreed schemes
for multiple access, modulation, channel and data coding as well as control protocols for all radio layers
needed to maintain user data links between adjacent radio devices.
non-RRS network node: wireless communication terminal or base station, which does not have cognitive radio
capabilities or is not based on software defined radio concepts
NOTE: As an example, non-RRS network node is a conventional wireless communications systems based on
TETRA Release 1 [i.22].
public safety organization: organization which is responsible for the prevention and protection from events that could
endanger the safety of the general public
NOTE: Such events could be natural or man-made. Example of Public Safety organizations are police,
fire-fighters and others.
radio technology: technology for wireless transmission and/or reception of electromagnetic radiation for information
transfer
RRS network node: wireless communication terminal or base station, which has cognitive radio capabilities or which
is based on software defined radio concepts
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10 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AP Access Point
APCO Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International
API Application Program Interface
BER Bit Error Rate
CALM Communications, Air-interface, Long and Medium range
CCM Cognitive Control Manager
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CEPT European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
CPC Cognitive Pilot Channel
CQPSK Compatible differential offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
NOTE: QPSK-C to be changed to CQPSK in the document.
CR Cognitive Radio
CRS Cognitive Radio System
CS Circuit Switched
DMO Direct Mode of Operation
DoS Denial of Service
DSM Dynamic Spectrum Management
DSP Digital Signal Processor
E2R End-to-End Reconfigurability
EAN Extended Area Network
ECC Electronic Communications Committee
EDA European Defence Agency
ESRA European Software Radio Architecture
ESRAB European Security Research Advisory Board
ESRIF European Security Research and Innovation Forum
EVM Error Vector Magnitude
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FM Frequency Management
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
GPP General Purpose Processor
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
HF High Frequency
HSD High Speed Data
HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
HSPA High Speed Packet Access
HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access
HW Hard Ware
IAN Incident Area Network
ICT Information and Communication Technology
IDIS Intra-Device Interface Standard
IDL Interface Definition Language
ITS Intelligent Transportation System
JAN Jurisdiction Area Network
LS Liaison Statement
MF Medium Frequency
MSP Multilevel Security Path
MSS Mobile Satellite Services
MTSS Mobile Terminal Semi-Stationary
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NIAG NATO Industrial Advisory Group
NNEC NATO Network Enabled Capability
NOTE: This is a NATO term and it does not appear in ETSI.
OMG Object Management Group
PAMR Public Access Mobile Radio
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11 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
PER Packet Error Rate
NOTE: This term is not in TEDDI but it is common knowledge.
PMR Professional Mobile Radio
PPDR Public Protection and Disaster Relief
PSCD Public Safety Communication Device
QoS Quality of Service
RAT Radio Access Technologies
RF Radio Frequency
RFI Request From Information
RRS Reconfigurable Radio Systems
RSPG Radio Spectrum Policy Group
NOTE: This term is not in TEDDI but the acronym is already defined in the document.
RTOS Real Time Operating System
SCA Software Communications Architecture
SCM Self Cognitive Module
SCV Spectrum Conformance Validator
SDA Software Download Authentication
SDD Software Download Distributor
SDR Software Defined Radio
SDRF Software Defined Radio Forum
SoR Statement of Requirements
SW Soft Ware
SW Soft Ware
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TETRA TErrestrial Trunked Radio
TIA Telecommunications Industry Association
UAV Unmanned Arial Vehicle
UHF Ultra High Frequency
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
VHF Very High Frequency
WCDMA Wide band Code Division Multiple Access
WF WaveForm
4 Relevant input from other organizations
This clause provides the list of input documents and information sources, which are relevant to the present document.
The list includes deliverables and other documentation produced by organizations or projects.
Clauses 4.1 and 4.2 list the more relevant references and the relevant information to the present document.
NOTE: As described in the scope of the present document is to define the System Design aspects for the
application of RRS to the Public Safety domain. The scope is not to define a new radio system for Public
Safety. This means that some of the listed references will not be a direct input to the present document,
even if they may still provide useful information.
EXAMPLE: An input document may describe Public Safety communication standards, which an RRS platform
should support through waveforms.
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12 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
4.1 Organizations
4.1.1 Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International
(APCO)
"The Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International (APCO) is a member driven association of
communications professionals that provides leadership; influences public safety communications decisions of
government and industry; promotes professional development; and, fosters the development and use of technology for
the benefit of the public" (from APCO web site, http://www.apcointl.org/. Last Accessed 4 September 2008).
APCO has been responsible for the definition of Project 25 suite of standards, which are mostly used by federal,
state/province and local public safety agencies in North America to enable them to communicate with other agencies
and mutual aid response teams in emergencies. The evolution for Broadband communication was APCO Project 34, the
North American predecessor of Project MESA, q.v.
The following inputs are relevant for requirements definition:
• Technical reports produced by P25 User needs committee.
4.1.2 European Commission DG INFSO
In EC DG INFSO, the following entities are responsible for Radio Spectrum:
• Radio Spectrum Policy Group:
- The RSPG set up in 2002 gathers high-level governmental experts from member States and helps the
Commission developing general radio spectrum policy at Community level.
• Radio Spectrum Committee:
- The RSC, created under the Radio Spectrum Decision in accordance with comitology rules, assists the
Commission for the adoption of technical implementing measures in support of Community policies.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• PSC-Europe/RD/016. Status of Radio Spectrum Harmonization for the Emergency Services in the European
Union.
4.1.3 ECC
The Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) is part of the CEPT (European Conference of Postal and
Telecommunications Administrations).
ECC is responsible for (from [i.14]):
1) considering and developing policies on electronic communications and activities in a European context, taking
account of European and international legislation and regulations;
2) develop European common positions and proposals, as appropriate, for use in the framework of international
and regional bodies;
3) forward plan and harmonize within Europe the efficient use of the radio spectrum, satellite orbits and
numbering resources, so as to satisfy the requirements of users and industry;
4) take decisions on the management of the work of the ECC.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects, especially in relation to spectrum usage by
the public safety domain:
• ECC REPORT 102 [i.15].
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13 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
4.1.4 ETSI EMTEL
The activities of TC EMTEL will follow the broad areas of:
• preparation of ETSI deliverables used to describe requirements for Users, Network Architectures, Network
Resilience, Contingency planning, Priority Communications, Priority Access Technologies (e.g. Twisted Pair,
Cable/ HFC, Satellite, Radio Frequencies/ fixed and mobile, new solutions) and Network management;
• studies of the issues related to National Security and Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR).
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• TR 102 476 [i.26];
• TR 102 445 [i.27]. The scope will also encompass the resiliency of mobile radio and/or other forms of
emergency communications to/from the emergency responding units. The effort will address the resiliency of
emergency communications, the availability of adequate capacity during periods of network
component/facility failure or periods of high capacity demands due to disasters, terrorism or similar events,
and expedited restoration during major service interruptions.
4.1.5 ETSI TETRA
TErrestrial Trunked RAdio (TETRA) is a digital trunked mobile radio standard developed to meet the needs of
traditional Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) user organizations such as:
• Public Safety.
• Transportation.
• Utilities.
• Government.
• Military.
• PAMR.
• Commercial & Industry.
• Oil and Gas.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• Liaison Statement (LS) from ETSI TETRA TC to ETSI RRS TC regarding Digital Dividend Spectrum
Cognitive Radio (CR). TETRA31 (08) 22.
4.1.6 Intelligent Transportation System
The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) refers to the set of information and communication technologies used to
improve the transport infrastructure and vehicles to improve safety, efficiency and reduce vehicle wear and fuel
consumption.
ITS is related to the public safety domain because many of the proposed ITS systems may involve surveillance of the
roadways. ITS can also support the resolution of emergency crisis by improving the effort of mass evacuation or by
increasing the operational speed and efficiency of the first responders.
ITS can take advantage of RRS technology to provide mobile equipment, which is re-configurable when moving among
relevant regulatory jurisdictions. Furthermore ITS equipment should minimize spectrum interference with other
standardized regional radio units and RRS technology could be used to this purpose.
In relation to the telecommunication domain, the CALM (Communications, Air-interface, Long and Medium range) is
an important element to consider. CALM has been started by ISO TC 204/Working Group 16 to define a set of wireless
communication protocols and air interfaces for a variety of communication scenarios spanning multiple modes of
communications and multiple methods of transmissions in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).
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14 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
The documents produced by the following working groups are relevant for RRS system and technology aspects in
Public Safety domain:
• SWG 16.0 Architecture.
• SWG 16.5 Emergency Communications.
• SWG 16.7 Security and Lawful Intercept.
4.1.7 NATO
The NATO C3 Organization (NC3O) was created in 1996 to ensure the provision of a NATO-wide cost-effective,
interoperable and secure C3 capability, meeting the NATO users' requirements by making use of common funded,
multinational and national assets.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
NOTE: Some documents may be of restricted access and they may not be used directly.
• Framework for sharing common waveforms [i.2].
• NATO Industrial Advisory Group (NIAG) study on SDR [i.3].
• Software defined radio to enable NNEC: technical challenges and opportunities for NATO by Michael Street
(see [i.4]).
4.1.8 PSCE Public Safety Communication Europe (NARTUS)
The project NARTUS focuses on establishing and facilitating a Forum for regular exchange of ideas, information,
experiences and best practices, and on seeking agreement among participating stakeholders.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• D2.1 - "Report on ICT Research and Technology Development status for public safety" [i.36]. The purpose of
the present document is to provide a list of background technical material of relevance for public safety
communication.
4.1.9 Project MESA
Project MESA is an international partnership producing globally applicable technical specifications for digital mobile
broadband technology, aimed initially at the sectors of public safety and disaster response.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• Service Specification Group - Services and Applications - Statement of Requirements (SoR)
(TS 170 001 [i.34]).
• Service Specification Group - Services and Applications - Definitions, symbols and abbreviations (SoR)
(TR 170 002 [i.37]).
• Service Specification Group - Services and Applications - Basic requirements (SoR) (TR 170 003 [i.38]).
• Technical Specification Group - System Overview (TR 170 012 [i.28]).
• Technical Specification Group - System and Network Architecture (TR 102 653 [i.13]).
• Technical Specification Group - Functional Requirements Definition (TS 170 016 [i.35]).
4.1.10 SAFECOM
SAFECOM is an US communications program of the Department of Homeland Security. SAFECOM provides
research, development, testing and evaluation, guidance, tools, and templates on interoperable communications-related
issues to local, tribal, state, and Federal emergency response agencies.
ETSI
15 ETSI TR 102 733 V1.1.1 (2010-03)
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• "Public Safety Radio Frequency Spectrum: A Comparison of Multiple Access Techniques" [i.39]. The present
document discusses the functionality of each access method (FDMA, TDMA and CDMA), the advantages and
disadvantages of each technology, and various forms of implementation for each technology.
• "Public Safety Architecture Framework Volume I and II and Trial Report" [i.40].
4.1.11 SDR Forum
The Software Defined Radio Forum (SDRF) is a non-profit organization comprised of approximately 100 corporations
from around the globe dedicated to promoting the development, deployment and use of software defined radio
technologies for advanced wireless systems.
The following documents are relevant for system and technology aspects:
• Software Defined Radio Technology for Public Safety. Working Document SDRF-06-W-0001-1 (see [i.1]).
The document provides an exhaustive study of the application of SDR to the Public Safety domain. The study
is complemented by results from RFI (Request From Information) on this topic sent to relevant end-user,
industry and regulation organizations.
[i.1] provides important information and recommendations, which should be taken in consideration in the present
document:
• Clause 4.1 provides deployment and implementation considerations. The answers from RFIs indicate that
software definable gateway should be one of the highest priorities as they would ease the integration of various
network infrastructures. The clause provides also indications on the tradeoffs between a SDR base station
approach and a network based on non-SDR base stations and terminals capable of interfacing with various
air-interfaces.
• Clause 4.2 provides a discussion on what is the role of standardization and what should be standardized. The
main choice is about the standardization of the internal interfaces of the radio device or Intra-Device Interface
Standard (IDIS) as it is called in [i.1] or the standardization of the network interfaces between the radio
devices and other elements of the network like the air-interface. If the standardization of the IDIS is addressed,
the main question is whether adopt the SCA architecture as a reference for the IDIS standardization. In the
document, it is noted that SCA was created on the basis of military requirements which are similar but more
severe than public safety requirements. Cost, performance or power consumption are important factors to be
considered in the definition of IDIS. Non-SCA IDIS like the ones from the commercial domain should also be
considered even if they may not meet the needed public safety requirements. If the standardization of the IDIS
is not addressed, [i.1] specifies the standardization of the software download functionality as a main area to
address.
• Clause 4.3 describes the role of cognitive applications. Cognitive techniques can be used to increment the
operational capabilities of public safety responders to be more aware of the RF environment, automatically
reconfigure and c
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