ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)

Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy management; Operational infrastructures; Implementation of Global KPIs; Part 2: Specific requirements; Sub-part 3: Mobile broadband access networks

RTS/ATTM-0249

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Dec-2019
• Technical Committee: ATTM AT2 - Infrastructure, Physical Networks & Communication Systems
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 26-Dec-2019
• Completion Date: 20-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Energy management; Operational infrastructures;
Implementation of Global KPIs;
Part 2: Specific requirements;
Sub-part 3: Mobile broadband access networks

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2 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)



Reference
RTS/ATTM-0249
Keywords
broadband, energy management, ICT,
sustainability
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3 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 7
Foreword . 7
Modal verbs terminology . 7
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 References . 9
2.1 Normative references . 9
2.2 Informative references . 9
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 10
3.1 Terms . 10
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Global KPIs of ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 . 11
4.1 Mobile broadband access networks . 11
4.2 KPIs for energy management . 11
4.2.1 Global KPI (KPI ) for mobile access networks . 11
EM
4.2.2 Objective KPIs . 12
4.2.2.1 Energy consumption (KPI ) . 12
EC
4.2.2.1.1 General . 12
4.2.2.1.2 Small cells in CP, FWA, public WiFi and "street level" equipment within the calculation of
KPI . 13
EC
4.2.2.1.3 Measurement (and estimation) of total energy consumption . 14
4.2.2.2 Task effectiveness (KPI ) . 14
EC
4.2.2.2.1 General . 14
4.2.2.2.2 Measurement of data volumes . 15
4.2.2.3 Renewable energy (KPI ) . 15
REN
4.2.2.3.1 General . 15
4.2.2.3.2 Measurement of renewable energy consumption . 16
5 Collection of data . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Estimation of energy consumption and renewable content . 18
5.2.1 Energy consumption . 18
5.2.1.1 Overview . 18
5.2.1.2 Energy bills . 19
5.2.1.3 Meters installed by the MNO (smart metering) . 19
5.2.1.4 Energy consumption provided by the equipment . 19
5.2.1.5 Network and location sharing . 20
5.2.2 Renewable energy . 20
5.3 Data related to traffic . 20
5.4 Clarification of data . 21
6 Trend analysis . 21
6.1 Overview . 21
6.2 Renewable energy sources . 22
6.3 Intelligent management . 23
6.4 Summary of possible actions to improve KPI . 23
EM
6.5 Reporting of trend data . 24
7 Reporting templates . 24
Annex A (informative): Mobile access networks and energy . 26
A.1 Network energy consumption and supply . 26
A.2 Energy consumption trends . 26
ETSI

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4 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
Annex B (informative): Change History . 30
History . 31


ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
List of figures
Figure 1: Mobile access network implementations .11
Figure 2: Data collection architecture .17
Figure 3: Data processing and reporting architecture .18
Figure 4: Schematic of mobile access network energy consumption .18
Figure 5: Growth of traffic data rate per W .22
Figure A.1: Trends in data volume .27
Figure A.2: Trends in data volume increase (annual).27
Figure A.3: Trends in energy consumption and sourcing.28
Figure A.4: Trends in energy consumption and sourcing.28
Figure A.5: Trends in KPI .29
TE
Figure A.6: Trends in KPI increase (annual) .29
TE


ETSI

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6 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
List of tables
Table 1: Techniques for improvement of KPI .24
EM
Table 2: Template for mobile network report .25
Table A.1: Renewable energy source solutions .26


ETSI

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7 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Access, Terminals, Transmission
and Multiplexing (ATTM).
The present document is part 2, sub-part 3 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Energy management; Operational
infrastructures; Implementation of Global KPIs, as identified below:
ETSI EN 305 200-1: "General requirements";
ETSI TS 105 200-2: "Specific requirements":
Sub-part 1: "ICT Sites";
Sub-part 2: "Fixed broadband access networks";
Sub-part 3: "Mobile broadband access networks";
Sub-part 4: "Cable Access Networks";
ETSI TS 105 200-3: "ICT Sites";
ETSI EN 305 200-4: "Design assessments".
NOTE: Part 2 of this series has also been produced as EN and ES.
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI

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8 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
Introduction
ICT energy needs and costs will continue to increase in the future, while new mobile generations will be deployed and
will introduce new active dedicated equipment in the global network architecture.
In this context, and to reflect environmental aspects of sustainability, it is essential for telecommunications network
operators to implement effective general engineering of mobile broadband networks and sites provisioning, managing
or using those networks (i.e. ICT sites) in order to respond to critical issues of energy consumption. To guide this
process, it is essential that metrics are defined that enable energy usage to be managed more effectively.
The Global Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of the ETSI EN 305 200 series [1] address operational infrastructures
and do not consider design or operation of individual components comprising those infrastructures.
The present document specifies the deployment of Global KPIs for energy management (KPIEM) for the mobile access
networks of broadband deployment specified in ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2].
NOTE: The data traffic measured in the present document does not account for non-"Subscriber Identity Module"
(SIM) traffic. This can be considered in a future revision of both ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] and the
present document.
The mobile access network described in ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] includes all the active components or parts of the
access network.

ETSI

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9 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
1 Scope
The reporting of Global KPIs in accordance with ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] requires the collection of data to enable the
calculation of the following aspects:
• Objective KPI relating to task efficiency (KPI based on data_volume and total energy consumption
TE)
(KPI .
EC)
• Objective KPI relating to the use of renewable energy (KPI .
REN)
The present document supports the requirements of ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] providing a framework for, and detailing,
the implementation procedures including any necessary techniques for estimation of energy consumption together with
clarification and treatment of different types of data volume.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI EN 305 200 series: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Operational infrastructures; Global KPIs".
[2] ETSI EN 305 200-2-3: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Operational infrastructures; Global KPIs; Part 2: Specific requirements; Sub-part 3:
Mobile broadband access networks".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI EN 303 472: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Energy Efficiency measurement
methodology and metrics for RAN equipment".
ETSI

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10 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] and the following apply:
Access Gateway (AG): gateway that interworks a significant number of analogue lines to a packet network
BaseBand Unit (BBU): mobile access network equipment that processes baseband signal, connected to one or more
Remote Radio Units through optical fibre or metallic cabling, or by microwave links
downstream: relative location in the mobile access network in the direction of User Equipment
Fixed Wireless Access (FWA): means of providing internet connectivity that uses wireless network technology rather
than fixed lines
fronthaul infrastructure: portion of a mobile access network telecommunications architecture including the
intermediate links between the BaseBand Units and Remote Radio Units
Management Information Base (MIB): database allowing management of ICT devices using Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP)
Mobile Network Operator (MNO): provider of wireless communications services that owns or controls all the
elements necessary to sell and deliver services to an end user including radio spectrum allocation, wireless network
infrastructure, backhaul infrastructure, billing, customer care, provisioning computer systems and marketing and repair
organizations
Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC): network architecture that supports increases in data processing and storage at
the edge of the of a mobile access network (closer to end-user) to reduce latency
Remote Radio Unit (RRU): radio transceiver equipment connected to a BaseBand Unit
upstream: relative location in the mobile access network in the direction of an Operator Site
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the symbols given in ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] apply.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2] and the following apply:
AG Access Gateway
BBU BaseBand Unit
FWA Fixed Wireless Access
MEC Multi-access Edge Computing
MIB Management Information Base
MNO Mobile Network Operator
QoS Quality of Service
RRU Remote Radio Unit
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SMPA Switched Mode Power Amplifier
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
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11 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
4 Global KPIs of ETSI EN 305 200-2-3
4.1 Mobile broadband access networks
The network schematic used in the present document is shown in Figure 1 (amended from that of ETSI
EN 305 200-2-3 [2]).
Access network
Backhaul (transport)
BS site R
BS
OS
NDN NDN
BS site
NDN
BBU RRU
BBU RRU
RRU
BBU
Backhaul (transport) Fronthaul
Optical fibre, metallic and microwave infrastructure

Figure 1: Mobile access network implementations
Within the mobile access network, the term Network Distribution Node (NDN) is employed to describe a variety of
aggregations of Network Telecommunications Equipment (NTE) at locations within the backhaul network (also known
as transport network) between the Operator Site (OS) and the Base Station site accommodating a Base Station or
BaseBand Units (BBU). The BBUs are shown connected over the fronthaul links to Remote Radio Units (RRUs).
BS sites, repeaters (R) and RRUs are shown as specific examples of NDNs.
Figure 1 shows certain NDNs within dashed boxes to indicate that they are:
• optional;
• not restricted in number to the configurations shown.
The present document also considers the use of small cell and Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) implementations.
4.2 KPIs for energy management
4.2.1 Global KPI (KPI ) for mobile access networks
EM
From ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2], KPI is a combination of two separate KPIs, in a common assessment period, as
EM
follows:
1) the Objective KPI for task effectiveness expressed as KPI (see clause 4.2.2.2);
TE
2) the Objective KPI for renewable energy contribution expressed as KPI (see clause 4.2.2.3);
REN
ETSI
UE
UE UE UE

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12 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
and both of these Objective KPIs incorporate a third Objective KPIs for energy consumption expressed as KPI (see
EC
clause 4.2.2.1).
From ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2], KPI is defined as:
EM
data _ volume
in conjunction with KPI
KPI =
TE REN
KPI
EC
The Global KPI, KPI , and the underpinning Objective KPIs are primarily intended for trend analysis - not to enable
EM
comparison between mobile access networks.
4.2.2 Objective KPIs
4.2.2.1 Energy consumption (KPI )
EC
4.2.2.1.1 General
The present document supports the evaluation of the energy consumption required to provide a given level of service as
a primary objective.
From ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2], KPI , for a given assessment period, is defined mathematically as:
EC


= +


where, for the assessment period:
j = index of NDN sites
N = total number of OS
M = total number of NDN sites
C = energy consumption of all the mobile access network NTE at OS
OS i
i
NOTE 1: C includes the energy consumption of the supporting infrastructure at OSs where all the NTE is under
OS
common governance.
= energy consumption of all the mobile access network NTE at NDN supplied from the utility, from
C
j
NDN
j
upstream sources or generated on-site
NOTE 2: C includes the energy consumption of the supporting infrastructure at NDNs where all the NTE is
NDN
under common governance.
The note text in the explanations of the parameters are taken from ETSI EN 305 200-2-3 [2]. However, it should be
noted that network and location sharing (see clause 5.2.1.5) implies that not all NTE at OS and NDN sites is under
common governance and the present document refines the approach taken in such situations.
The above formula and terms do not take account of equipment that is powered by third parties including small cell
(microcell, picocell and femtocell) and FWA equipment powered by the end-user. This is not addressed in ETSI
EN 305 200-2-3 [2] and the inclusion of such equipment requires a modification to the above formula (see
clause 4.2.2.1.2).
It has to be considered that a mobile access network is complex and consists of a large number of distributed sites
accommodating BS and RRU equipment. A typical MNO has many thousand sites, up to tens of thousands. The number
of sites is predicted to increase further with the advent of 5G.
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13 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
KPI can be either measured or estimated:
EC
• KPI is the energy consumption obtained through direct measurement by the MNO or electricity
EC-measured
supplier, or provided by another MNO if equipment is co-located in the OS or the NDN;
• KPI is the energy consumption obtained through direct measurement by the MNO or electricity
EC-estimated
supplier, or provided by another MNO if equipment is co-located in the OS or the NDN.
NOTE 3: This is applied in mixed, "access/core", network sites where equipment of other network segments is
present (core, fixed access, etc.) and the energy split is not made through continuous measurement.
Estimation is also needed for the energy consumed by network equipment in small cells, powered from
CP as described in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.1.2 Small cells in CP, FWA, public WiFi and "street level" equipment within the
calculation of KPI
EC
For coverage extension, offloading of data traffic and to improve Quality of Service (QoS), operators install small cells
near the users' location and propose that end-users acquire service via a cell in their own location. These cells can be
deployed in different places such as:
• microcells, typically outdoors, at "street level";
• picocells (typically installed in residential, commercial and industrial premises);
• femtocells in homes or other CP which are connected to, or integrated within, CP equipment;
• WiFi access points for public WiFi service.
The consumption of the equipment or an apportionment relevant to the mobile access network, even if it is not directly
accounted for by the MNO, has an integral role in powering the mobile access network and should be part of the KPI .
EC
The estimation of this consumption can be made by multiplying the quantity of such equipment by its maximum energy
consumption.
The presence of CP powered equipment within the mobile access network requires an amendment of the formula for
KPI of clause 4.2.2.2.1 as follows:
EC

= + +


with:

=


where, for the assessment period:
k = index of small cells
P = total number of small cells under consideration
= energy consumption of small cell k

Considering the power needed by small cells varies from a few watts for home equipment femtocells up to 200 W for
microcells, the total amount of energy could become significant as the number of such equipment grows dramatically in
the coming years. For example, the picocell function integrated within an Access Gateway (AG) can consume up to
25 % of the maximum AG energy consumption (as specified in the equipment's technical specification).
NOTE: This represents the energy portion of the AG to deliver the mobile service and its need to remain always
on.
The energy consumption of the TE of FWA services (that can be integrated within the antenna) should also be
accounted for.
ETSI

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14 ETSI TS 105 200-2-3 V1.2.1 (2019-12)
As a result the total C is reported separately (see clause 7).
SC
4.2.2.1.3 Measurement (and estimation) of total energy consumption
As indicated above KPI (as either KPI or KPI ) is the arithmetic sum of the consumption of all
EC EC-measured EC-estimat
...