ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio Interface (Release 1); Part 1: General Specifications; Sub-part 3: Satellite Radio Interface Overview

DTS/SES-00299-1-3

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Oct-2015
• Technical Committee: SES SCN - Satellite Communications and Navigation
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 25-Sep-2015
• Completion Date: 26-Oct-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Family SL Satellite Radio Interface (Release 1);
Part 1: General Specifications;
Sub-part 3: Satellite Radio Interface Overview

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2 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)



Reference
DTS/SES-00299-1-3
Keywords
3GPP, GPRS, GSM, GSO, interface, MSS, radio,
satellite, TDM, TDMA, UMTS
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ETSI

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3 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 5
3 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Symbols . 6
3.2 Abbreviations . 6
4 Introduction . 6
4.1 Radio interface layering . 6
4.1.0 General . 6
4.1.1 Control plane protocol stack . 7
4.1.2 User plane protocol stack . 8
4.2 SDUs and PDUs . 9
5 Physical Layer . 10
5.1 Shared Access Bearers . 10
5.2 Physical Layer Roles . 10
5.3 Physical Layer Characteristics . 11
5.3.1 Range of Bearer Types and Subtypes . 11
5.3.2 Variable Coding Rate. 11
5.3.3 Unique Words . 11
6 Bearer Control Layer operation . 12
6.1 Role of the Bearer Control Layer . 12
6.2 Initial Timing Correction . 13
6.3 Subsequent Timing Corrections . 13
6.4 Coding Rate and Transmit Power Adjustments. 13
6.5 Admission Control . 14
6.6 Scheduling . 14
6.7 Packing and Unpacking of Bearer Control PDUs . 14
6.8 Ciphering . 14
6.9 Support for Sleep Mode . 14
6.10 Different UE Classes . 14
6.11 Transmission of System Information . 14
7 Bearer Connection Layer operation. 15
7.1 Role of the Bearer Connection Layer . 15
7.2 Buffering and Flow Control . 15
7.3 QoS Policing . 15
7.4 Segmentation and Reassembly . 16
7.5 ARQ . 16
7.6 Ciphering . 16
7.7 Connection QoS Parameters . 16
7.8 Connection types . 16
8 Adaptation Layer operation . 16
8.1 Role of the Adaptation Layer . 16
History . 18

ETSI

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4 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and
Systems (SES).
The present document is part 1, sub-part 3 of a multi-part deliverable. Full details of the entire series can be found in
ETSI TS 102 744-1-1 [i.6].
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
This multi-part deliverable (Release 1) defines a satellite radio interface that provides UMTS services to users of mobile
terminals via geostationary (GEO) satellites in the frequency range 1 518,000 MHz to 1 559,000 MHz (downlink) and
1 626,500 MHz to 1 660,500 MHz and 1 668,000 MHz to 1 675,000 MHz (uplink).
ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
1 Scope
The present document provides an overview of the Family SL radio interface between the Radio Network Controller
(RNC) and the User Equipment (UE). The Family SL radio interface operates in spectrum allocated to mobile satellite
services (see ETSI TS 102 744-2-1 [i.7], clauses 5.1.2 and 6.1.2).
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI TS 102 744-1-4: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 1: General Specifications; Sub-part 4: Applicable External
Specifications, Symbols and Abbreviations".
[2] ETSI TS 102 744-3-6: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 6: Adaptation
Layer Operation".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TS 125 413: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN Iu interface
Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) signalling (3GPP TS 25.413 Release 4)".
[i.2] ETSI TS 125 301: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Radio Interface
Protocol Architecture (3GPP TS 25.301 Release 4)".
[i.3] ETSI TS 125 322: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Radio Link Control
(RLC) protocol specification (3GPP TS 25.322 Release 4)".
[i.4] ETSI TS 124 007: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); Mobile radio interface signalling layer 3; General Aspects
(3GPP TS 24.007 Release 4)".
[i.5] ETSI TS 124 008: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network
protocols; Stage 3 (3GPP TS 24.008 Release 4)".
[i.6] ETSI TS 102 744-1-1: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 1: General Specifications; Sub-part 1: Services and Architectures".
ETSI

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6 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
[i.7] ETSI TS 102 744-2-1: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 2: Physical Layer Specifications; Sub-part 1: Physical Layer Interface".
[i.8] ETSI TS 102 744-2-2: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 2: Physical Layer Specifications; Sub-part 2: Radio Transmission and
Reception".
[i.9] ETSI TS 102 744-3-1: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 1: Bearer
Control Layer Interface".
[i.10] ETSI TS 102 744-3-2: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 2: Bearer
Control Layer Operation".
[i.11] ETSI TS 102 744-3-3: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 3: Bearer
Connection Layer Interface".
[i.12] ETSI TS 102 744-3-4: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 4: Bearer
Connection Layer Operation".
[i.13] ETSI TS 102 744-3-5: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 5: Adaptation
Layer Interface".
[i.14] ETSI TS 102 744-3-7: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 7: NAS Layer
Interface Extensions for MBMS Services".
[i.15] ETSI TS 102 744-3-8: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Family SL Satellite Radio
Interface (Release 1); Part 3: Control Plane and User Plane Specifications; Sub-part 8: NAS Layer
and User Plane Operation for MBMS Services".
3 Symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the symbols given in ETSI TS 102 744-1-4 [1], clause 3 apply.
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in ETSI TS 102 744-1-4 [1], clause 3 apply.
4 Introduction
4.1 Radio interface layering
4.1.0 General
The satellite radio interface is carried over a satellite link and consists of the Non-Access Stratum and Access Stratum
layers.
The Non-Access Stratum is essentially unchanged from the UMTS Non-Access Stratum, as defined in ETSI
TS 124 007 [i.4] and ETSI TS 124 008 [i.5], with some functional extensions to support new services, as described in
ETSI TS 102 744-3-7 [i.14] and ETSI TS 102 744-3-8 [i.15].
The Access Stratum of the satellite radio interface provides a set of services that directly support the UMTS
Non-Access Stratum Control Plane entities (such as GMM and MM) and User Plane functions residing in the Core
Network in the upper layers of the Mobile Terminal.
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7 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
As such there are a number of requirements on the Access Stratum protocols to ensure that the attributes of the satellite
link (high delay, variable error rate, aperiodic disruptions) are countered. The satellite Access Stratum is considered as a
number of communication layers, as follows:
• Adaptation Layer (AL);
• Bearer Connection Layer (BCn);
• Bearer Control Layer (BCt); and
• Physical Layer (L1).
Each layer communicates with its peer, the layer above and the layer below. For each layer there are a set of protocol
unit definitions which are used to communicate with the peer. In addition between each layer there are a set of interface
definitions which provide the mechanisms for control and transfer of information. An overview of the main functions of
each of the layers of the Access Stratum is described in the present document, with the detailed specifications for the
different layers provided in the sub-parts shown in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1: Mapping of Family SL Access Stratum Layer to Part/Sub-part
Family SL Access Stratum Layer Described in Sub-part
Adaptation Layer (AL) ETSI TS 102 744-3-5 [i.13]
ETSI TS 102 744-3-6 [2]
Bearer Connection Layer (BCn) ETSI TS 102 744-3-3 [i.11]
ETSI TS 102 744-3-4 [i.12]
Bearer Control Layer (BCt) ETSI TS 102 744-3-1 [i.9]
ETSI TS 102 744-3-2 [i.10]
Physical Layer (L1) ETSI TS 102 744-2-1 [i.7]
ETSI TS 102 744-2-2 [i.8]

4.1.1 Control plane protocol stack
The Control Plane of the protocol stack is shown in Figure 4.1. The Access Stratum and the Non-Access Stratum are
separately indicated in the diagram. The parts of the protocol stack that are modified for the Family SL satellite link
relative to the standard 3GPP protocols are described in ETSI TS 102 744-1-1 [i.6], clause 6.

Figure 4.1: Control Plane Protocol Stack Layering
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8 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
4.1.2 User plane protocol stack
The protocol stack for the User Plane of the Packet Switched Domain is shown in Figure 4.2.

Figure 4.2: Packet Switched User Plane Protocol Stack Layering
For the Circuit Switched Domain, the lower layers (L1, BCt and BCn) of the protocol stack are identical, however, the
PDCP and PPP/IP layers are replaced by the appropriate entity to provide Circuit Switched Services (e.g. Voice Codec
or ISDN Interworking Function). Figure 4.3 illustrates the user plane protocol stack for the Circuit Switched domain.

Figure 4.3: Circuit Switched User Plane Protocol Stack Layering
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9 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
4.2 SDUs and PDUs
Each of the layers exchanges a set of Protocol Data Units (PDUs) with its peer using the capabilities of the lower layers
to transport each PDU.
Each of the peer-layer entities exchanges a sequence of control messages called Signalling Data Units (SDUs) for the
purpose of establishing, maintaining and terminating a connection. SDUs are always encapsulated within a Protocol
Data Unit (PDU).
Each Protocol Data Unit may contain a higher layer PDU and/or one or more Signalling Data Units (SDUs). See
Figures 4.4, 4.5 and 4.6.
Where a lower layer cannot support the transmission of the SDU or higher layer PDU, a layer may be required to
segment the SDU or higher layer PDU into a sequence of PDUs. In this case each PDU in the sequence of PDUs
transferred to the peer contains a segment of the SDU or higher layer PDU. At the peer, this sequence of PDUs is
reassembled into the SDU or higher layer PDU before being processed or passed to the higher layer. This process is
termed segmentation and reassembly. Only the Bearer Connection Layer supports segmentation and reassembly.
Adaptation Layer PDU
Signal Type AL PDU Body
Ciphering
BCnPDU Header Data
Bearer Connection PDU
Bearer Control PDU
BCt_PDU_Header BCt_SDU 1 BCt_SDU 2 BCt_SDU n BCn_PDU CRC
BCt_PDU 1 BCt_PDU 2 BCt_PDU n
Forward/Return Frame pad

Figure 4.4: Adaptation Layer PDU Transmit Hierarchy (PDU Encapsulation)
(Control Plane)
User Plane Data
..... .....
(PDCP, CSH, BMC)
Ciphering
Bearer Connection PDU
BCnPDU Header Data
BCt_PDU_Header
Bearer Control PDU BCt_SDU 1 BCt_SDU 2 BCt_SDU n BCn_PDU CRC
Forward/Return Frame BCt_PDU 1 BCt_PDU 2 BCt_PDU n pad

Figure 4.5: User Plane Data Transmit Hierarchy (PDU Encapsulation)
(Acknowledged and Unacknowledged Modes)
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10 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
User Plane Data
..... .....
(PDCP, CSH, BMC)
Transparent Data
Bearer Connection PDU
Ciphering
BCn_PDU
Bearer Control PDU
BCt_PDU_Header BCt_SDU 1 CRC
Forward/Return Frame
BCt_PDU 1 BCt_PDU 2 BCt_PDU n pad

Figure 4.6: User Plane Data Transmit Hierarchy (PDU Encapsulation)
(Transparent Mode)
5 Physical Layer
5.1 Shared Access Bearers
The Shared Access Bearers refer to specific physical bearers which support the transfer of data between the RNC and
the UEs. Shared Access Bearers can support more than one connection at a time: the mechanisms for sharing of the
resource involve a combination of techniques, where each individual packet transferred over a Shared Access Bearer
has an address which allows the originator and destination of the information to be determined.
The configuration of the satellite network is such that the traffic is concentrated through a few Satellite Access Stations
(SAS), whereby the control of the resources held by the RNC (within the SAS) and used to carry the traffic is also the
responsibility of the RNC. Each RNC operates independently, and the network configuration can be considered to be a
star configuration.
Channels in the forward direction are allocated on a Time-Division-Multiplex (TDM) basis, and in the return direction
on a Time-Division-Multiple-Access basis. Due to the limitations of the channel allocation mechanisms and the
capabilities of the UEs, channels are also limited in bandwidth, such that the resources are additionally operated in both
directions on a Frequency-Division Multiple-Access (FDMA) basis. Each RNC manages a set of forward (RNS-to-UE)
and return (UE-to-RNS) channels.
5.2 Physical Layer Roles
At the transmitter, the physical layer is responsible for the correct encoding, scrambling and interleaving of the frames
or slots, and modulating and filtering the sequence of symbols and transmitting these at the correct frequency, time and
power level.
At the receiver, the physical layer is responsible for the correct reception, filtering, demodulation, timing and power
measurement of received bursts, and the subsequent decoding, frame-level descrambling and deinterleaving of the
frames or slots as appropriate. The physical layer passes an entire frame or slot together with measurement information
to the bearer control object responsible for managing it.
A number of different Physical Layer Bearer Types provide data rates in the range of 3,0 kbit/s to 858 kbit/s. These
bearer types are used to maximize the performance over the satellite links and to achieve the data rates required to
support the UMTS services.
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11 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
5.3 Physical Layer Characteristics
5.3.1 Range of Bearer Types and Subtypes
The physical layer defines a range of bearer types; operating with a range of modulation schemes (as described below)
in the forward and return directions.
In the forward direction, the following bearer types are available:
• QPSK bearer operating at a symbol rate of 8,4 kBd (for Global Beam Signalling only);
• QPSK bearers and 16-QAM bearer both operating at a symbol rate of 33,6 kBd;
• 16-QAM bearer operating at a symbol rate of 151,2 kBd;
• QPSK, 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM bearers operating at a symbol rate of 84 kBd; and
• QPSK, 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM bearers operating at a symbol rate of 168 kBd.
In the return direction, the following bearer types are available:
• π/4-QPSK bearers with symbol rates of 16,8 kBd, 33,6 kBd, 67,2 kBd and 151,2 kBd;
• 16-QAM bearers with symbol rates of 33,6 kBd, 67,2 kBd and 151,2 kBd;
• QPSK, 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM bearers operating at a symbol rate of 84 kBd; and
• QPSK, 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM bearers operating at a symbol rate of 168 kBd.
5.3.2 Variable Coding Rate
Each bearer type comprises a set of subtypes with a range of different coding rates. This is achieved by puncturing the
turbo-code generated parity streams using one of a number of pre-defined puncturing matrices, such that each subtype
has a different coding rate. The steps in the coding rate provide nominally 1dB steps in the C/No that is required to
achieve the nominal burst error rate performance of less than or equal to 1E-03.
The bearer subtypes are used to adapt the coding rate to suit the prevailing radio channel conditions, so that the net user
data rate can be optimized for a range of possible channel conditions, as described in clause 6.4.
NOTE: The signalling between the UE and the RNC allows combination of the modulation, the symbol rate and
the coding rate to be selected to achieve optimum performance for different UEs and different conditions.
5.3.3 Unique Words
The coding rate used in each burst is signalled by the choice of unique word used for the burst. This allows each burst to
be correctly demodulated and decoded without a-priori knowledge of the coding rate.
Distributed Unique Words are used on some return bursts to improve the performance of the synchronization algorithms
in the presence of fast fading that typically occurs with aeronautical and land vehicular communication environments.
In the return direction, the Unique Words (or Distributed Unique Words) for the π/4-QPSK bearers are turbo-encoded to
assist with identifying correct acquisition of bursts by the RNS.
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12 ETSI TS 102 744-1-3 V1.1.1 (2015-10)
6 Bearer Control Layer operation
6.1 Role of the Bearer Control Layer
The Bearer Control Layer is responsible for controlling the access to the physical layer (channel resource) for each of
the connections which are established.
When User Equipment (UEs) transmit on the physical layer, the UE physical layer characteristics need to be
continuously monitored, and corrected where necessary. The Bearer Control Layer is responsible for these low-level
aspects of UE behaviour, which includes providing control and correction for:
• selection of the appropriate Primary Shared Access Bearer for initial access to the RNC;
• initial timing offset due to UE position;
• delta timing corrections due to UE or satellite movement;
• power and/or coding rate adjustments (link adaptation) of UE transmissions due to UE location relative to the
satellite or power amplifier variations; and
• coding rate adjustments of transmissions from the RNC.
In addition, the Bearer Control Layer is responsible for ensuring fairne
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