ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)

Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies

RTS/EMTEL-00009

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Feb-2008
• Technical Committee: EMTEL - Emergency Communications
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 15-Feb-2008
• Completion Date: 12-Feb-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
Technical Specification


Emergency Communications (EMTEL);
Requirements for communication between
authorities/organizations during emergencies

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2 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)



Reference
RTS/EMTEL-00009
Keywords
emergency
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3 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
Introduction .5
1 Scope.6
2 References.6
2.1 Normative references.7
2.2 Informative references.7
3 Definitions and abbreviations.8
3.1 Definitions.8
3.2 Abbreviations.9
4 Description of the type of relations between authorities .10
4.1 Relation between PSAP and Emergency Control Centres.10
4.2 Relation between PSAPs .11
4.3 Relation between Emergency Control Centres.11
4.4 Relation between Emergency Control Centres and Mobile Rescue Teams/Agents .11
4.5 Relation between Mobile Rescue Teams/Agents .12
4.6 Relation between Special Task Force/Command Centres and Permanent Entities in special conditions .13
4.7 Relation between Military Authorities and Civil Authorities.13
5 Emergency services Communication Requirements.13
5.1 Methodology to determine the communication requirements .13
5.2 Actions that require Communications .14
5.3 Description of the required communications services.14
5.3.1 Speech services.14
5.3.1.1 Point To Point Speech Services .15
5.3.1.2 Group Speech Services .15
5.3.1.3 Push To Talk (PoC)/Command and Control (C&C) features.16
5.3.2 Video Teleconferencing.16
5.4 Data services.16
5.4.1 Paging Services.17
5.4.2 Status Monitoring and Location Services .17
5.5 Interoperability of Communication Services.17
5.6 Example application.17
6 Scalability.18
6.1 Priority schemes and traffic management .19
6.1.1 Traffic Management.19
6.1.2 Emergency Preference schemes.19
6.1.2.1 Interaction with the Emergency Call service e112.23
7 Requirements applicable to the Network(s) and user services, (services to support) and the
network features and capabilities .24
7.1 Recognition and treatment of emergency services from the view of the service.24
7.1.1 Transmission quality.24
7.1.2 Ensuring conveyance of communications.25
7.1.3 Assignment of inter-authority calls to the appropriate authority .25
7.1.4 Preventing effects of discrepancies in coverage .25
7.1.4.1 PSAP routing in mobile networks.25
7.1.4.2 International cooperation.25
7.1.4.3 Cordless technologies.25
7.1.4.4 Interworking of Technologies .26
7.2 Recognition and treatment of emergency services by the originating network.26
7.2.1 Call-related information.26
7.2.1.1 Indication of the (emergency) caller's location .26
ETSI

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4 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
7.2.1.2 Identification of the mobile terminal equipment/subscription .26
7.2.1.3 Interworking of Technologies .26
7.2.2 Network identification.26
7.2.3 Minimum power supply for authority representative user accesses.26
7.3 Requirements on call handling between networks .27
7.3.1 Handling of inter-Authority calls between networks .27
7.3.2 Interworking with carrier selection/carrier preselection codes .27
7.3.3 Inter-Authority communications from other countries .27
7.4 Providing termination of Inter-Authority calls for the relevant authorities .27
7.5 Network Management support functions for delivery of Inter-authority calls .28
7.5.1 Priority of inter-authority emergency communication.28
7.5.2 Monitoring of the lines and availability of the Authority .28
7.5.3 Diversion of Inter-Authority calls.28
7.5.4 High or Resilient availability.28
7.5.5 Security provisions at the access to authorities.28
8 Security.28
8.1 Role of National Communication Security Authorities.28
8.2 General Security Issues .29
8.3 Interconnection of secure communication systems .29
Annex A (normative): Basic Architecture.30
Annex B (informative): Organizational related issues for Authorities to Solve .31
B.1 Handling of foreign languages .31
B.2 Mitigating consequences of radio coverage discrepancies.31
B.3 Definition of priorities (list of beneficiaries, levels, conditions of effective implementation) .31
B.4 Contingency planning.31
B.5 Organization of authorities in case of catastrophic event.32
B.6 Communication between civil authorities and non-governmental organizations.33
B.7 Communication between civil authorities and press organizations.33
Annex C (informative): Security mechanisms .34
C.1 Symmetric encryption schemes.34
C.2 Asymmetric encryption schemes.34
C.3 Hybrid encryption schemes.34
C.4 Digital signatures.35
C.5 Authentication methods.35
C.6 Authorization schemes.35
C.7 Logging.35
C.8 Virtual Private Networks.35
Annex D (informative): United Kingdom Interoperability Agreement between Chief Fire
Officers Association, Ambulance Services Association, and The
Assistant Chief Police Officers Association .36
Annex E (informative): Bibliography.39
History .40

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5 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Special Committee Emergency Communications
(EMTEL).
The present document is one of several deliverables covering the communication needs of citizens and authorities in
emergency situations, as identified below:
TR 102 180 [7]: "Basis of requirements for communication of individuals with authorities/organizations in case of
distress (Emergency call handling)";
TS 102 181: "Requirements for communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies";
TS 102 182 [12]: "Requirements for communications from authorities/organizations to individuals, groups or the
general public during emergencies";
TR 102 410 [13]: "Basis of requirements for communications between individuals and between individuals and
authorities whilst emergencies are in progress".
Introduction
The present document outlines the requirements for communications between emergency authorities, and the need for
standardization in this area to support these requirements. Clause 4 describes the relations between authorities in general
terms defining each authority. Clause 5 categorizes the emergency services communications requirements. Clause 6
discusses the scalability and priority issues, including the dynamic need to employ resources. Clause 7 outlines the
requirements applicable to the network(s) and user services, describing the services and the network features and
capabilities. Clause 8 raises a number of security considerations. The annexes describe some more operational
considerations, which may be useful, background but do not constitute part of the communication requirements.
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6 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
1 Scope
The present document addresses the requirements for communications between the authorized representatives who can
be involved in the responses and actions when handling an emergency.
Clearly, the type and number of these authorized representatives in a given situation will directly depend upon the
nature of the emergency. In the most frequent cases, only people on duty will have to intervene according to a
day-to-day routine, but in some cases crisis teams or temporary headquarters will be called. In accordance with a plan,
the additional resources will organize a mass action gathering and, if needed, include the resources of several centres, or
even including in the rescue plan additional levels of administrative authority, private operators and associations. These
new authorized representatives will follow instructions or orders from the administrative crisis authority; for example
utilities companies (water supply, transport, energy, etc.) may have to stop the provision of service or install priority of
service schemes or execute a coordinated schedule for the restoration of the infrastructure and the service, as applicable.
It is recognized that the public authorities keep the responsibility of overall management of actions during the duration
of the crisis, establishment of pre-planned scenarios and, in specific locations, e.g. tunnels, underground transports,
plants with high level of risk, organization of field exercises involving all these authorized representatives.
The present document describes the functional requirements for communications between the authorized representatives
involved in the responses and actions when handling an emergency. The level of precision has been chosen to avoid
interaction with the specific local, regional or national organizations and diagrams of relations between authorized
representatives. It follows from this that adaptations will have to be done when implementing the present document at a
local level.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
For online referenced documents, information sufficient to identify and locate the source shall be provided. Preferably,
the primary source of the referenced document should be cited, in order to ensure traceability. Furthermore, the
reference should, as far as possible, remain valid for the expected life of the document. The reference shall include the
method of access to the referenced document and the full network address, with the same punctuation and use of upper
case and lower case letters.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
ETSI

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7 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] C(2003)2657 Commission Recommendation of 25th July 2003 on the processing of caller location
information in electronic communications networks for the purpose of location-enhanced
emergency call services, published on O.J.E.U. L 189/49 the 29.7.2003.
[2] ITU-T Recommendation E.409 (2004): "Incident organization and security incident handling:
Guidelines for telecommunication organizations".
[3] ITU-T Recommendation G.114: "One-way transmission time".
[4] ISO/IEC 15408: "Information technology - Security techniques - Evaluation criteria for IT
security".
[5] ETSI EN 301 419-3 (V5.0.2): "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+);
Attachment requirements for Global System for Mobilecommunications (GSM); Advanced
Speech Call Items (ASCI); Mobile Stations; Access (GSM 13.68 version 5.0.2 Release 1996)".
[6] ITU-T Recommendation E.106: "International Emergency Preference Scheme (IEPS) for disaster
relief operations".
2.2 Informative references
[7] ETSI TR 102 180: "Basis of requirements for communication of individuals with
authorities/organizations in case of distress (Emergency call handling)".
[8] ITU-T Recommendation Q.931: "ISDN user-network interface layer 3 specification for basic call
control".
[9] ETSI EN 300 403 (all parts): "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Digital Subscriber
Signalling System No. one (DSS1) protocol; Signalling network layer for circuit-mode basic call
control".
[10] ETSI TS 124 008: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; Core network
protocols; Stage 3 (3GPP TS 24.008)".
[11] Directive 2002/22/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on
universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services
(Universal Service Directive).
[12] ETSI TS 102 182: "Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communications
from authorities/organizations to individuals, groups or the general public during emergencies".
[13] ETSI TR 102 410: "Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Basis of requirements for
communications between individuals and between individuals and authorities whilst emergencies
are in progress".
ETSI

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8 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
(TR 102 180 [7] is considered the master document in terms of definitions, by the end of this revision the definitions are
to be taken from TR 102 180 [7] and included here to ensure that we have the same definitions.)
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
access network: portion of the telecommunications network that provides access to the switching function and
terminates the user access signalling, in a PLMN this is a radio access via a base station
NOTE: See ITU-T Recommendation Q.931 [8], EN 300 403 [9], TS 124 008 [10].
authority: organization within the public services fully or partly responsible for emergency preparedness and handling
of incidents
authorized representative: individual officer or institution authorized by public service (fire, police or health) to play a
key role in handling of an emergency case
emergency control centre: facilities used by emergency organizations to handle rescue actions in answer to an
emergency call
NOTE: A PSAP forwards emergency calls to the emergency control centres.
emergency number: special short code(s) or number(s) which is used to contact the PSAP to provide emergency
services
NOTE: The emergency number, is used by the emergency caller to request assistance from the emergency
services. There exist two different types of emergency numbers in Europe:
1) European emergency number, 112: unique emergency number for pan-European and GSM
emergency services and used, for example, in EU member-states, Switzerland and other European
countries.
2) National emergency numbers: each country may also have a specific set of emergency numbers.
emergency response organization: e.g. the police, fire service and emergency medical services
emergency service: service, recognized as such by the member state, that provides immediate and rapid assistance in
situations where there is a direct risk to life or limb, individual or public health or safety, to private or public property,
or the environment but not necessarily limited to these situations (see Commission Recommendation C(2003)2657 [1])
fleetmap: parameter information programmed into the system infrastructure and into the subscriber radios to control
how the radios will behave on the system
incident area: area where the incident occurred, and/or the area which needs communication coverage to manage the
response implemented
location information: data processed in a public mobile network indicating the geographic position of a user's mobile
terminal, and data in a public fixed network indicating the physical address of the termination point (see Commission
Recommendation C(2003)2657 [1])
originating network: access network from which the emergency call was originated
Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP): physical location where emergency calls are received under the responsibility
of a public authority (see Commission Recommendation C(2003)2657) [1]) New definition in 102 476 (23/1 2007, not
available at the moment)
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9 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
C&C Command and Control
CBRN Chemical, Biological, Radiological or Nuclear
CQI Call Quality Index
DGNA Dynamic Group Number Assignment
DMO Direct Mode Operation
EC European Commission
ECC Emergency Control Centre
FIFO First In, First Out
GoS Grade of Service
GSM Global System for Mobile telecommunications
ICT Information and Communication Technologies
IEPS International Emergency Preference Scheme
ITSEC Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria
ITU International Telecommunication Union
LCS LoCation Services
NCSA National Certification Security Agency
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PMR Professional Mobile Radio
PoC Push To Talk
PSAP Public Safety Answering Point
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
QoS Quality of Service
TCP/IP Transport Control Protocol /Internet Protocol
TETRA TErrestrial Trunk Radio Access
VPN Virtual Private Network
VTC Video TeleConferencing
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10 ETSI TS 102 181 V1.2.1 (2008-02)
4 Description of the type of relations between
authorities

Additional resources Alert and
Other region
informations
or country
Demand of info
meteo, floods
Admin
4-6
Utility
Communication
authority
A
to citizens
Reports and assistance
Telecom
request
Instructions, priorities
Utility
operators
4-6
B
Dedicated emergency
Orders, interventions
task force
Other OPS
centres
4-6
Area A
4-2
PSAPfunction
Neighbouring
PSAP
level
Areas PSAPs
4-1
4-3
ECC ECC
ECC
Emergency
ECC ECC
ECC
ECC
Control
ECC
ECC
Centre level
4-4
Medical
Fire Police
Rescue
teams on
the field
Rescue Rescue Rescue
team team team
4-5

Figure 1: Reference points between functional entities
National bodies should enter into formal agreements to ensure interoperability between services at all levels of incident
management. An example is shown in annex D.
The description of the type of relations relies on the model illustrated in figure 1. PSAPs/emergency control centres and
rescue services in the field may be organized differently in different countries, e.g. in Sweden the PSAP and control
centres for medical serv
...