ETSI TR 145 913 V13.0.0 (2016-01)

Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Optimized transmit pulse shape for downlink Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS2-B) (3GPP TR 45.913 version 13.0.0 Release 13)

RTR/TSGG-0145913vd00

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 21-Jan-2016
• Technical Committee: 3GPP GERAN 1 - Radio aspects
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 19-Jan-2016
• Completion Date: 22-Jan-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 1145 913 V13.0.0 (201616-01)

TECHNICAL REPORT
Digital cellular telecocommunications system (Phahase 2+);
Optimized transnsmit pulse shape for downnlinklin
Enhanced Generaal l Packet Radio Service (EGPRPRS2-B)
(3GPP TR 45.9.913 version 13.0.0 Release 13 13)

R
GLOBAL SYSTTEME FOR
MOBILE COMMUUNNICATIONS
3GPP TR 45.913 version 13.0.0 Release 13 1 ETSI TR 145 913 V13.0.0 (2016-01)

Reference
RTR/TSGG-0145913vd00
Keywords
GSM
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3GPP TR 45.913 version 13.0.0 Release 13 2 ETSI TR 145 913 V13.0.0 (2016-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
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Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or
GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables.
The cross reference between GSM, UMTS, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under
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Modal verbs terminology
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provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
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3GPP TR 45.913 version 13.0.0 Release 13 3 ETSI TR 145 913 V13.0.0 (2016-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Foreword . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Objectives . 10
4.1 Performance objectives . 10
4.1.1 Data throughput improvements . 10
4.2 Compatibility objectives . 10
4.2.1 Maintenance of voice quality . 10
4.2.2 Data throughput . 10
4.2.3 Implementation impacts to new Mobile Stations . 10
4.2.4 Implementation impacts to BSS . 10
4.2.5 Impacts to network planning . 10
4.2.6 Compatibility with Multi-User Reusing-One-Slot (MUROS) . 11
5 Study item pre-requisites . 12
5.1 Introduction . 12
5.2 Preliminary boundary conditions for pulse shape optimisation . 12
5.2.1 Introduction. 12
5.2.2 Time domain . 12
5.2.3 Frequency domain . 12
5.3 Network configurations for pulse shape evaluation . 12
5.4 Legacy MS Rx filter working assumption . 14
5.5 Legacy MS type . 14
6 Network level analysis . 15
6.1 Introduction . 15
6.2 Network scenarios and simulation assumptions . 15
6.2.1 Resource allocation . 15
6.3 Link to system interface . 16
6.4 Interference statistics . 16
6.5 Interference profile for link level analysis . 17
6.5.1 Results . 17
7 Pulse shape optimisation . 18
7.1 Introduction . 18
7.2 Candidate pulse shapes from [4] . 18
7.2.1 Optimisation assumptions . 18
7.2.2 Results . 18
7.2.2.1 Spectrum . 18
7.2.2.2 Adjacent channel protection . 20
8 Link level studies . 20
8.1 Introduction . 20
8.2 Link to system interface . 21
8.2.1 Introduction. 21
8.2.2 Simulation assumptions . 21
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8.2.3 Link level performance . 21
8.2.4. Legacy voice receiver . 23
8.2.4.1 Front-end filter . 23
8.2.5 EGPRS2 receiver . 23
8.2.5.1 Introduction . 23
8.2.5.3 Candidate pulse #2 . 24
8.2.5.4 Candidate pulse #3 . 27
8.2.5.5 Receiver noise . 30
8.2.5.6 First Stage Mapping (CIR to BER) . 30
8.2.5.7 Second Stage Mapping (BER to BLER) . 32
8.2.5.8 Second Stage Mapping for Non-hopping Channel . 36
9 System level studies . 40
9.1 Introduction . 40
9.2 System Performance Evaluation . 40
9.2.1 Evaluation method . 40
9.2.2 System performance results . 40
9.2.2.1 Evaluation method . 40
9.2.2.2 Impact on speech quality . 42
9.2.2.3 Impact on data throughput . 44
10 Summary . 47
11 Conclusion . 49
Annex A: Candidate pulse shape coefficients . 50
A.1: Candidate pulse shapes from [4] . 50
Annex B: Network statistics . 52
B.1 CDFs for Scenario A . 52
B.2 CDFs for Scenario B . 53
B.3 CDFs for Scenario C . 55
B.4 CDFs for Scenario D . 56
B.5 Noise CDFs for all scenarios . 58
Annex C: Change history . 59
History . 60

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Foreword
rd
This Technical Report has been produced by the 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
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Introduction
The EGPRS2-B feature has been included into GERAN Rel-7 with the legacy GMSK pulse shape. This pulse shape
yields good performance and can be used without any requirements on the operator network scenario.
Initial analysis have shown that in certain network scenarios, a spectrally wider pulse shape can improve data
throughput performance further.
To obtain superior data throughput performance, investigation of a wider pulse shape is needed, including the network
scenarios that will benefit from a wider pulse shape. Selection of either the legacy pulse shape or the new pulse shape
will be under operator control.
It is not clear to what degree the current spectral mask can be widened without causing a detrimental impact on legacy
mobile stations in these networks. It is also not clear if a spectral mask relaxation is dependent on the modulation
transmitted or whether it can be assumed to be applicable for all modulations. It is important to continue to improve the
GERAN system performance with new features, and as such it is relevant that this topic is carefully and independently
studied.
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1 Scope
The present document is an output of the 3GPP study item "Optimized Transmit Pulse Shape for Downlink EGPRS2-B"
("WIDER") [2], the objective of which is to optimise pulse shapes based on optimization criteria to be agreed by TSG
GERAN WG1, and provide an evaluation of the optimized pulse shapes in a similar manner as was used in the SAIC
feasibility study TR 45.903 [3].
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2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2] 3GPP TDoc GP-072026: "WID Optimized Transmit Pulse Shape for Downlink EGPRS2-B".
[3] 3GPP TR 45.903: "Feasibility Study on Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC) for
GSM networks".
[4] "Candidate Pulse Shapes for WIDER", Nokia Siemens Networks & Nokia Corporation, 3GPP
GERAN Teleconference #3 on WIDER.
[5] 3GPP TDoc SMG2 EDGE 2E99-017: "Reference Models for Nonlinear Amplifiers and Phase
Noise for Evaluation of EDGE Radio Performance", ETSI SMG2 EDGE Workshop, Toulouse
(France), 2-4 March 1999.
[6] AHG1-080111: "A link to system interface methodology, Nokia Siemens Networks & Nokia
Corporation".
[7] 3GPP TR 45.913 (V1.0.0): "Optimized transmit pulse shape for downlink Enhanced General
Packet Radio Service (EGPRS2-B)".
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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A
term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1].
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
µ mean of the uncoded BER
σ variance of the uncoded BER
C/I Carrier to Interference Ratio
C/I1 Carrier to First (Strongest) Interferer Ratio

3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An
abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in
TR 21.905 [1].
ACI Adjacent Channel Interference
ACP Adjacent Channel Protection
AFS Adaptive Multi-Rate Full Rate Speech
AMR Adaptive Multi-Rate
AWGN Average White Gaussian Noise
BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
BER Bit Error Rate
BQC Bad Quality Call
BSS Base Station Subsystem
BTS Base Tranceiver Station
CCI Co-channel Interference
CDF Cumulative Distribution Function
CIR, C/I Carrier-to-Interference Ratio
CS Circuit Switched
DARP Downlink Advanced Receiver Performance
DL Downlink
DTS DARP Test Scenario
DTX Discontinuous Transmission
EGPRS2 EDGE General Packet Radio Service 2
EGPRS2-B EGPRS2 Level B
FER Frame Erasure Rate
FTP File transfer Protocol
GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
LGMSK Linearised GMSK
MCL Minimum Coupling Loss
MS Mobile Station
MUROS Multi-User Reusing One Slot
PA Power Amplifier
PDTCH Packet Data Traffic Channel
PS Packet Switched
RRC Root Raised Cosine
SAIC Single Antenna Interference Cancellation
SID Silence Indicator Description
TCH Traffic Channel
TRX Transceiver
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TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
UL Uplink
4 Objectives
4.1 Performance objectives
4.1.1 Data throughput improvements
The objective is to further enhance the data throughput of EGPRS2-B on the downlink.
4.2 Compatibility objectives
4.2.1 Maintenance of voice quality
The introduction of the wide bandwidth pulse should not decrease voice quality as perceived by the user.
The criteria for minimum call quality shall be:
1st Criterion: blocked calls < 2 %
2nd Criterion: satisfied user criterion fulfilled:
• average call FER < 1 % for at least 95 % users in case of network scenarios WIDER-2 and WIDER-3 (see
section 5.3);
average call FER < 2 % for at least 95 % users in cas e of network scenarios WIDER-1 (see section 5.3).
4.2.2 Data throughput
The introduction of the wide bandwidth pulse shall increase overall network throughput.
4.2.3 Implementation impacts to new Mobile Stations
The introduction of the wide bandwidth pulse should change MS hardware as little as possible.
4.2.4 Implementation impacts to BSS
The introduction of the wide bandwidth pulse should change BSS hardware as little as possible.
4.2.5 Impacts to network planning
Criteria for definition of minimum call quality performance for this objective is defined in section 4.2.1.
The study shall take into consideration the usage of wide pulse shape at the band edge, at the edge of an operator"s band
allocation and in country border regions where no frequency coordination are in place.
The wide pulse is expected to fulfil the same adjacent channel protection requirements as the linearised GMSK pulse at
the 400 kHz offset and higher (see Section 5.2.3).
When EGPRS2-B is used on a frequency which is adjacent (at a 200 kHz offset) to a frequency which is uncoordinated
(see above), then the linearised GMSK pulse shall be used.
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4.2.6 Compatibility with Multi-User Reusing-One-Slot (MUROS)
The feature Optimized Transmit Pulse Shape for Downlink EGPRS2-B (WIDER) and the feature Multi-User Reusing-
One-Slot (MUROS) will be studied independently but that compatibility of both features will be investigated after
completion of the feasibility studies and before the corresponding work items are agreed.
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5 Study item pre-requisites
5.1 Introduction
Pre-requisites to the study are identified as follows:
Preliminary boundary conditions for pulse shape optimisation, where more than one set of boundary conditions
may be considered in order to derive a selection of pulse shape candidates.
One or more network configurations for pulse shape evaluation. These shall be representative of the most likely
EGPRS2 deployment strategies.
A legacy Rx filter working assumption.
5.2 Preliminary boundary conditions for pulse shape
optimisation
5.2.1 Introduction
Boundary conditions are needed to define the scope of the optimisation. The boundary conditions will also allow a pre-
selection at the link level if more than one pulse shape is optimised against the same set of boundary conditions.
Only when the system evaluation is complete will it be known if the boundary conditions were realistically set,
therefore it is proposed to denote these as 'preliminary' boundary conditions. If they were set too loose or too tight, then
a further iteration of the study might be necessary.
In general, the same procedure will be used for the optimisation of the EGPRS2-B wide pulse shape on the DL as for
the EGPRS2-B wide pulse shape on the UL.
5.2.2 Time domain
The length of the optimised pulse shape shall not be longer than 6 reduced symbol periods. This is to avoid an increase
in delay spread which the MS equaliser needs to cope with.
5.2.3 Frequency domain
The adjacent channel protection of the optimised pulse shape (including Tx impairments) shall be:
• 50 dB at the 400 kHz offset
• 58 dB at the 600 kHz offset
Measurements performed by network vendors will verify that these criteria can be met for each candidate pulse shape.
For the 200 kHz offset, any criterion may be considered in the pulse shape optimisation given that this criterion will be
verified by the System level studies (Section 9).
If an adjacent channel at the 200 kHz offset is used by a different operator (i.e. no guard band exists), then the linearised
GMSK pulse would be the default on the allocation's edge channels.
5.3 Network configurations for pulse shape evaluation
The network configurations that shall be used to evaluate the optimised pulse shapes are given in Table 5.1 and 5.2.
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Table 5.1: Configuration specific assumptions
Parameter WIDER-1 WIDER-2 WIDER-3
Frequency band 900 MHz 900 MHz 900 MHz
Cell radius 500 m 500 m 500 m
Bandwidth 4.4 MHz 11.6 MHz 8.0 MHz
Guard band 0.2 MHz 0.2 MHz 0.2 MHz
Number of channels (excl 21 57 39
guard band)
Number of TRX 3 6 4
BCCH frequency reuse 4/12 4/12 4/12
TCH frequency reuse 1/1 3/9 3/9
Frequency hopping synthesized baseband baseband
Length of MA 9 5 4 (includes BCCH
carrier)
BCCH or TCH under BCCH and TCH BCCH and TCH BCCH and TCH
interest
Resource Voice 3 3 3
allocation on 4 4 4
Data
BCCH
1 1 1
Network sync mode sync sync sync
timeslots are assumed to be aligned; TDMA frames are assumed to be aligned on intra-site level
and randomly aligned on inter-site level.

The MS is 4-PDCH capable on the downlink. The number of MSs multiplexed on the same radio resource is FFS.
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Table 5.2: Common assumptions
Parameter Value Unit Comment
Sectors per site 3
Sector antenna pattern UMTS 30.03, Applies to network
90º H-plane, scenarios WIDER-2 and
max TX gain WIDER-3
13 dBi
65º deg H- Applies to network
plane, max TX scenarios WIDER-1
gain 18dBi
Propagation model UMTS 30.03 Path loss exponent, MCL
Per 30.03
Log-normal Standard deviation 6 dB
fading
Correlation 110 m
distance
Handover margin 3 dB
Channel profile and mobile speed TU50 Km/h HT100 will also be
investigated at least at
link level
Mean call length 50 s
Minimum Call Length 5 s
Voice activity 60 % Includes SID signalling
DTX enabled
Voice codec AFS12.2,
AFS7.4 and
AFS4.75
AMR link adaptation enabled
Channel rate adaptation disabled
Channel allocation Random
BTS output power 20 W
Power control RxQual/RxLev
Dynamic range 20 dB
Step size 2 dB
Noise figure 10 dB Reference temperature
25ºC
Inter-site log-normal correlation 0
coefficient
Traffic data model FTP with 1
MByte file size
Link adaptation enabled
Incremental redundancy disabled
Back off 8PSK / QPSK  The maximum back-off
16QAM / 32QAM on the BCCH carrier shall
be vendor specific
Penetration of the optimised pulse 50 % and
shape 100 %
5.4 Legacy MS Rx filter working assumption
This shall be used to calculate the Adjacent Channel Protection (ACP) of the pulse shape candidates.
One proposal is to take the same assumption as for the EGPRS2-B wide pulse shape for the UL i.e. the linearised
GMSK filter truncated to ±160 kHz.
5.5 Legacy MS type
DARP mobiles are only able to cancel GMSK modulated interference, and the wide pulse shape does not apply to
GMSK modulation. When exposed to an interferer using the wide pulse shape, it therefore follows that a DARP mobile
and a non-DARP mobile can be assumed to behave in the same way.
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6 Network level analysis
6.1 Introduction
Network level analysis will be performed using the network configurations defined in 4.2. This will be done for
different penetrations of optimised pulse shape being operated in downlink. The purpose of network level analysis is to
define different interferer profiles for a certain penetration of the wider Tx pulse shape and a given network
configuration.
It is proposed to follow the same approach as the SAIC FS, whereby network traces from system simulator generated
for each of the agreed network configurations are used to identify the median power level of each interferer type.
6.2 Network scenarios and simulation assumptions
The network scenarios that were considered are described in detail in Section 5.3:
• Scenario A: 4/12 BCCH from WIDER-1
• Scenario B: 1/1 TCH from WIDER-1
• Scenario C: 3/9 TCH from WIDER-2
• Scenario D: 4/12 BCCH+3/9 TCH from WIDER-3
System simulation assumptions are in Table 2.
Additional assumptions were:
• The wide pulse shape was the Candidate #2 (see Section 7).
• The back-off on BCCH for each of the EGPRS2-B modulation was assumed to be 2 dB for QPSK and 4 dB for
16QAM and 32QAM.
• Penetration of the wide pulse shape was set to 100 %.
• The EGPRS2 FTP service load for the reference pulse shape was set to saturation (the rate of newly arriving
PS calls equalled the rate of ending PS calls). For the wide pulse shape, the load was set to be equal the
reference load. Note that when equal traffic loads are assumed, a lower activity time can be expected with the
wide pulse.
• Statistics are collected only from 18 cells around the centre of the network to avoid border effects
6.2.1 Resource allocation
The PS and CS resources in Scenario A, B, C and D were allocated as shown in Figure 6.1, Figure 6.2, Figure 6.3 and
Figure 6.4. Note that the PS and CS resources in Figure 6.3 and Figure 6.4 should be assumed to hop over each TRX
(BB hopping is used for scenario C and D).

Figure 6.1/ Resource allocation for Scenario A

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Figure 6.2/ Resource allocation for Scenario B

Figure 6.3/ Resource allocation for Scenario C

B P P P P C C C BCCH 1
C C C C C C C C TCH 2
C C C C C C C C TCH 3
C C C C C C C C TCH 4
blocked slot (BCCH) PS slot CS slot
B P C
Figure 6.4/ Resource allocation for Scenario D
6.3 Link to system interface
The link to system interface is described in detail in Section 8.2.
6.4 Interference statistics
In each burst, every interferer was classified into the following categories:
• IcX – dominant co-channel narrow (X=N), wide (X=W) interference.
• IaX – dominant 1st adjacent channel narrow (X=N), wide (X=W) interference.
• restIcX – sum of all co-channel interference powers excluding the dominant interferer.
• restIaX – sum of all adjacent channel interference powers excluding the dominant interferer.
The carrier to interferer ratio in each burst for each interferer was then expressed as a CDF for each of the categories.
The results are shown in Annex B. All interferer levels were measured after slow fading but before fast fading. This is
to avoid duplicating the affects of fast fading in the link level simulator.
The initial interference profile was DTS-2 from 3GPP TS 45.005 Annex L (with the noise component excluded) with
the interferers substituted with wide pulse interferers in the case of wide pulse simulations (candidate #2 and candidate
#3).
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6.5 Interference profile for link level analysis
The interference statistics were used to construct the interferer models using the following assumptions:
• The median level (50th percentile in the CDF) was used to characterise the power of each interferer type.
• Interference ratios are specified relative to carrier-to-dominant co-channel interference ratio (C/IcX). This
makes it easier to sweep over a range of C/I values in the link simulator. For example, to populate the link to
system mappings.
In addition, information is given about the probability of each type of interferer.
6.5.1 Results
This section summarises the interference profiles for each network scenarios and pulse shape
(reference LGMSK pulse, candidate pulse #2 and candidate pulse #3). All levels have been given
relative to the dominant co-channel narrow interferer.Table 6.1
Interfering signal Rel. power level
WIDER-1 BCCH NB WIDER-1 TCH NB WIDER-2 NB WIDER-3 NB
IcN 0 0 0 0
IaN 8 5 13 11
restIcN -3 -6 -8 -7
restIaN 6 2 4 5
Noise -28 -28 -15 -22
WIDER-1 BCCH WB WIDER-1 TCH WB WIDER-2 WB WIDER-3 WB
pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3
IcN 000 0000 0
IcW -13 -12 -3 -4 0 0 -9 -9
IaN 8 8 7 712121111
IaW -4 -22 134 -5 -5
restIcN -5-5-9 -9-8-8-7 -7
restIcW -22 -21 -12 -13 -7 -7 -16 -16
restIaN 551 1344 4
restIaW -12 -11-6 -8-6-6 -14 -14
Noise -27 -26 -22 -22 -12 -12 -20 -20

Table 6.2
Interfering signal Probability of presence
WIDER-1 BCCH NB WIDER-1 TCH NB WIDER-2 NB WIDER-3 NB
IcN 100% 100% 99% 99%
IaN 100% 100% 100% 100%
restIcN 100% 99% 92% 93%
restIaN 100% 100% 100% 99%
WIDER-1 BCCH WB WIDER-1 TCH WB WIDER-2 WB WIDER-3 WB
pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3 pulse #2 pulse #3
IcN 100% 100% 98% 99% 98% 98% 97% 97%
IcW 80% 81% 85% 83% 32% 33% 33% 34%
IaN 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
IaW 85% 90% 95% 94% 49% 49% 55% 57%
restIcN 100% 100% 91% 92% 87% 87% 87% 87%
restIcW 43% 47% 54% 51% 5% 6% 6% 6%
restIaN 100% 100% 98% 98% 99% 99% 99% 98%
restIaW 58% 67% 82% 79% 18% 19% 22% 24%

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7 Pulse shape optimisation
7.1 Introduction
Pulse shape optimisation will be performed based on the preliminary boundary conditions identified in 5.2. One or more
candidate pulse shapes may be proposed for each set of boundary conditions.
7.2 Candidate pulse shapes from [4]
7.2.1 Optimisation assumptions
It is specified in 5.2.3 that pulse shape optimisation shall include Tx impairments - in particular, the ACP requirements
shall be met while taking into account the spectrum re-growth from the PA.
In the study, a memory-less parametric PA model was derived using gain and phase measurements of a typical base
station PA. Initial verification of the PA model indicated that the spectrum re-growth was pessimistic.
Note that while models exist in the public domain (e.g. [5]), these were not felt to be sufficiently representative of a
base station PA.
Numeric optimisation of the EGPRS2-B pulse shape was then performed while taking into account the following
factors:
• Adjacent channel protection at the 1st and 2nd adjacent channel
• Throughput maximization for EGPRS2-B
• Spectrum re-growth after the PA, based on a PA model for BTS
• Limited length in time domain (6 reduced symbol periods = 5 normal symbol periods)
7.2.2 Results
7.2.2.1 Spectrum
The spectrum of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd optimised pulse shapes with 16-QAM are depicted in Figure 7.1, Figure 7.2 and
Figure 7.3.
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Ideal
PA model output
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Freq., [Hz]
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Figure 7.1: 1st optimised pulse measured before and after the PA (30 kHz filter bandwidth)

Ideal
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PA model output
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Freq., [Hz]
x 10
Figure 7.2: 2nd optimised pulse measured before and after the PA (30 kHz filter bandwidth)
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Amplitude, [dB]
Amplitude, [dB]
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Ideal
PA model output
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Freq., [Hz]
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Figure 7.3: 3rd optimised pulse measured before and after the PA (30 kHz filter bandwidth)
7.2.2.2 Adjacent channel protection
The suppression of the candidate pulse shape when measured after the PA with a linearised GMSK filter truncated to
±160 kHz is shown below for the different frequency offsets:
Table 7.1
Suppression 0 kHz
200 kHz 400 kHz 600 kHz
(after PA)
Candidate #1 1.0 11.6 dB 48.8 dB (*) 63.8 dB
Candidate #2 1.0 12.1 dB 50.1 dB 65.5 dB
Candidate #3 0.7 13.0 dB 52.3 dB 66.5 dB

Note. (*) 50 dB requirement is only just not met in this case. However, as verification of the 50 dB requirement
should be with an actual PA rather than a PA model, this could still be kept as a candidate.
8 Link level studies
8.1 Introduction
Link level studies will be performed using the interferer profiles that are obtained from the network level analysis. The
purpose of the link level studies is to: i) verify the legacy Rx model working assumption. When there are no reports
from MS vendors about legacy performance being worse than the legacy Rx model working assumption, then the model
will be assumed to be valid; ii) evaluate the performance of candidate pulse shapes using the MS vendors own Rx
implementations for EGPRS2. The best pulse shape in terms of throughput will be selected if there are more than one
candidate pulse shape for a given set of boundary conditions; iii) derive the link to system interface that will be used in
the system level studies. This interface needs to consider the various MS Rx implementations and the different services.
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8.2 Link to system interface
8.2.1 Introduction
When considering a new pulse shape for EGPRS2-B, it is imperative that both the throughput performance and the
spectral characteristics of both the new and the legacy pulse shape are captured sufficiently in the system evaluation.
In this section, the link to system interface that is used in the Nokia Siemens Networks system simulator to model the
EGPRS2-B receiver is described.
The interface design followed the methodology for deriving a model for single antenna receivers described in [6]. One
exception is the factors used to determine the contribution of a type of interferer to the total C/I, which have been
computed from the raw BER performance of the respective interferer type (rather than attenuation provided by the
front-end filter).
For the PS resources, the load for the reference case (data using the LGMSK pulse shape), was set to saturation i.e. the
rate of newly arriving equalled the rate of ending PS calls. This corresponds to the maximum offered load the network
can support without being overloaded and provided the reference load with which to compare the performance of the
LGMSK and the optimised pulse shape. When equal traffic loads are used with the LGMSK and the optimised pulse
shape, the activity time of the optimised pulse shape can be expected to be lower.
8.2.2 Simulation assumptions
The link level simulator was configured using the assumptions in Table 8.1. Receiver impairments were enabled in the
simulator.
Table 8.1. Link level simulator assumptions.
Parameter Value
Channel profile Typical Urban (TU)
Terminal speed 3 km/h
Frequency band 900 MHz
Frequency hopping Ideal
Interference/noise WIDER-2 profile (see Section 6.5.1)
Modulation backoff None
Antenna diversity No
Equalizer Trellis based equaliser

Tx pulse shape LGMSK, candidate #2 and candidate #3
Rx filter RRC 325 kHz before windowing, roll-off 0.3
Rx impairments enabled
Simulation length 20000 bursts per simulation point

8.2.3 Link level performance
The spectra and throughput envelopes of each pulse shape (LGMSK pulse, candidate pulse #2 and candidate pulse #3)
are given below
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WIDER pulse shaping filters
Linearised GMSK pulse
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Candidate pulse #2
Candidate pulse #3
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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
kHz
Throughput envelopes, link level results for WIDER2 profiles

LGMSK
Candidate 2
Candidate 3
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Average carrier / average total interference at antenna

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Expected throughput, kbps
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8.2.4. Legacy voice receiver
8.2.4.1 Front-end filter
For the legacy voice receiver, the contribution of each interferer type (in this case: CCI narrow, CCI wide, AC
...