ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07)

Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-multipoint equipment; Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA); Point-to-multipoint digital radio systems in frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz

REN/TM-04146

Fiksni radijski sistemi – Oprema tipa točka-več točk – Časovno porazdeljeni sodostop (TDMA) – Digitalni radijski sistem tipa točka-več točk v frekvenčnih pasovih v območju od 3 GHz do 11 GHz

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-2003
• Technical Committee: TM 4 2 - TM Point-to-Mulipoint Systems
• Current Stage: 13 - TB decision to make document historical
• Completion Date: 10-May-2007
• Ref Project: SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003 - Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-multipoint equipment; Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA); Point-to-multipoint digital radio systems in frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.UD]GHOMHQLFixed Radio Systems; Point-to-multipoint equipment; Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA); Point-to-multipoint digital radio systems in frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz33.060.30Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski komunikacijski sistemiRadio relay and fixed satellite communications systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 021 Version 1.6.1SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 2
Reference REN/TM-04146 Keywords DRRS, multipoint, radio, TDMA, transmission ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
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Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: [e-mail] Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved.
DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 3
Contents Intellectual Property Rights.5 Foreword.5 Introduction.5 1 Scope.7 1.1 Applications.7 1.2 Frequencies.7 1.3 Access method.7 2 References.8 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations.10 3.1 Definitions.10 3.2 Symbols.10 3.3 Abbreviations.11 4 General system architecture.12 4.1 Sub-system types.12 4.2 System characteristics.13 4.2.1 System capacity.13 4.2.2 Transmission error performance.13 4.2.3 Round trip delay for speech services.14 4.2.4 Transparency.14 4.2.5 Synchronization.14 5 Radio characteristics.14 5.1 Frequency bands.14 5.2 Proposed channel arrangements.15 5.3 Transmitter (tx) characteristics.16 5.3.1 Tx power range.16 5.3.2 Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC).16 5.3.3 Spectrum masks.16 5.3.3.1 Spectrum density mask.16 5.3.3.2 Discrete CW components exceeding the spectrum mask limit (all stations).23 5.3.4 Transmitter spurious emissions.24 5.3.4.1 Spurious emissions - external.24 5.3.4.2 Spurious emissions - internal.24 5.3.5 Radio frequency tolerance.25 5.4 Receiver characteristics.25 5.4.1 Input level range.25 5.4.2 Spurious emissions.25 5.4.2.1 Spurious emissions - external.25 5.4.2.2 Spurious emissions - internal.25 5.4.3 Bit Error Rate (BER) performance.25 5.4.4 Interference sensitivity.27 5.4.4.1 Adjacent channel interference.27 5.4.4.1.1 All system types excluding HC.27 5.4.4.1.2 System type HC.27 5.4.4.2 Co-channel interference.28 5.4.4.2.1 All system types excluding HC.28 5.4.4.2.2 System type HC.28 5.4.4.3 CW interference.28 5.4.5 Equipment Residual BER (RBER).28 5.4.6 Image frequency rejection.29 5.5 Antenna port characteristics.29 5.5.1 RF interface.29 5.5.2 Return loss.29 SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

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6 Types of user equipment and service node interfaces.29 7 Power supply and environmental characteristics.30 7.1 Power supply.30 7.2 Environmental conditions.30 7.2.1 Equipment within weather protected locations.30 7.2.2 Equipment for non-weather protected locations.30 7.3 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) conditions.30 Annex A (normative): System type codes for regulatory procedures.31 Annex B (informative): Example of calculated performance against tabulated values.34 Annex C (informative): Bibliography.35 History.36
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Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing (TM).
National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 4 July 2003 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 October 2003 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
30 April 2004 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 April 2004
Introduction The main field of application of Point-to-Multipoint (P-MP) systems is to provide access to both public and private networks (Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Private Data Networks (PDN)). By means of P-MP systems the network service area may be extended to cover both distant and scattered user locations and the systems may be applied to build new access networks covering both urban and rural areas. Users are offered the full range of services by the particular public or private network. Users have access to these services by means of the various standardized user network interfaces (2 wire loop, new data services and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) ranging from basic rate to n × primary rate). P-MP systems provide standard network interfaces and transparently connect users to the appropriate network node. These systems allow a service to be connected to a number of users ranging from a few to several thousands and over a wide range of distances. P-MP systems are generally configured as Pre-Assigned Multiple Access (PAMA) radio systems or as Demand Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA) radio systems. The essential features of a typical P-MP radio system are: - efficient use of the radio spectrum; - concentration; - transparency. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

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Radio is often the ideal way of obtaining communications at low cost and almost independent of distance, and over difficult topography. Moreover, a small number of sites are required for these installations, thus facilitating rapid implementation and minimizing maintenance requirements of the systems. Concentration means that "m" users can share "n" radio channels (m being larger than n), allowing a better use to be made of the available frequency spectrum and at a lower equipment cost. The term "multi-access" derives from the fact that every user has access to every channel (instead of a fixed assignment as in most multiplex systems). When a demand arises an available channel (or channels) is allocated to it. When the demand is terminated, the channel is released for other use. Concentration requires the use of distributed intelligent control, which in turn allows many other operation and maintenance functions to be added. Transparency means that the network node and the user terminal communicate with each other without being aware of the radio path. Efficient use of the radio spectrum is generally achieved by reusing frequency sets at base stations in a cellular pattern. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

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1 Scope The present document covers equipment, which may operate in frequency bands that have paired frequencies, which can be used by either equipment employing Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) or Time Division Duplex (TDD) techniques. For use with Time Division Duplex only one frequency of the frequency pair will be used and for the purpose of the present document the tx/rx separation will be zero. The channel spacing is intended to be the same in downlink and uplink directions. This revision extends the scope to cover systems employing basically TDMA multi-access but which also allows for additional methods (such as OFDMA) combined with TDMA, to be used to provide another dimension of multiple access.
1.1 Applications The present document specifies the minimum and optional requirements for system parameters of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Point-to-Multipoint (P-MP) Radio Systems in the terrestrial Fixed Service operating in frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz. The present document covers the following typical Point-to-MultiPoint (P-MP) applications: - voice;
- fax; - voice-band data; - telex, related to analogue interfaces; - data up to 64 kbit/s or beyond with optional interfaces; - ISDN; - digital video; - digital audio, related to digital interfaces. Radio terminals from different manufacturers are not intended to inter-work at radio frequency (i.e. no common air interface). The present document defines the requirements of radio terminal and radio-relay equipment including the interfaces. The requirements for multiplex, network management and antenna/feeder equipment may be addressed elsewhere. Testing to the present document will be undertaken with the guidance of a generic test methods document EN 301 126-2-1 [22], EN 301 126-2-3 [23] and EN 301 126-3-2 [24]. 1.2 Frequencies The present document covers fixed P-MP services operating in the 3,5 GHz, 3,7 GHz and 10,5 GHz bands, having the frequency plans as given in CEPT/ERC Recommendations 14-03 [7], 12-08 [25], 12-05 [8] and in ITU-R Recommendation F.1491 [34]. 1.3 Access method The present document covers Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems. Optionally, for certain of the system types defined in the present document, other access methods (e.g. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)) may be used in conjunction with TDMA to provide another dimension of multiple access. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

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2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. [1] ETSI EN 300 012-1: " Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Basic User-Network Interface (UNI); Part 1: Layer 1 specification". [2] ITU-T Recommendation G.703: "Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces". [3] ITU-T Recommendation Q.553: "Transmission characteristics at 4-wire analogue interfaces of digital exchanges". [4] ITU-T Recommendation Q.552: "Transmission characteristics at 2-wire analogue interfaces of digital exchanges". [5] ITU-T Recommendation G.821: "Error performance of an international digital connection operating at a bit rate below the primary rate and forming part of an integrated services digital network". [6] ITU-T Recommendation R.20: "Telegraph modem for subscriber lines". [7] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 14-03: "Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for low and medium capacity systems in the band 3400 MHz to 3600 MHz". [8] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-05: "Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements for digital terrestrial fixed systems operating in the band 10,0 - 10,68 GHz". [9] ETSI EN 300 019-1: "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Sub-parts 1-1 to 1-7: Classification of environmental conditions". [10] ETSI EN 300 019-2: "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Sub-parts 2-1 to 2-7: Specification of environmental tests". [11] ETSI ETS 300 132 (Parts 1 and 2): "Equipment Engineering (EE); Power supply interface at the input to telecommunications equipment; Part 1: Operated by alternating current (ac) derived from direct current (dc) sources; Part 2: Operated by direct current (dc)". [12] ETSI EN 301 489-1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services;
Part 1: Common technical requirements". [13] ETSI EN 301 489-4: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 4: Specific conditions for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment and services". [14] ETSI EN 300 385: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment". [15] ITU-T Recommendation G.726: "40, 32, 24, 16 kbit/s adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM)". SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

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[16] ITU-T Recommendation G.728: "Coding of speech at 16 kbit/s using low-delay code excited linear prediction". [17] ITU-R Recommendation F.697: "Error performance and availability objectives for the local-grade portion at each end of an ISDN connection at a bit rate below the primary rate utilizing digital radio-relay systems". [18] ITU-T Recommendation G.729: "Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure
algebraic-code-excited linear-prediction (CS-ACELP)". [19] ETSI EN 300 324-1: "V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.1 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.1 interface specification". [20] ETSI ETS 300 347-1: "V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.2 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); Part 1: V5.2 interface specification". [21] ITU-R Recommendation F.1191: "Bandwidths and unwanted emissions of digital fixed service systems". [22] ETSI EN 301 126-2-1: "Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 2-1: Point-to-Multipoint equipment; Definitions and general requirements". [23] ETSI EN 301 126-2-3: "Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 2-3: Point-to-Multipoint equipment; Test procedures for TDMA systems". [24] ETSI EN 301 126-3-2: "Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 3-2: Point-to-Multipoint antennas - Definitions, general requirements and test procedures". [25] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-08: "Harmonised radio frequency channel arrangements and blocks allocations for low, medium and high capacity systems in the band 3600 MHz to
4200 MHz". [26] ITU-T Recommendation G.131: "Control of talker echo". [27] ETSI EN 300 011-1: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Primary rate User Network Interface (UNI); Part 1: Layer 1 specification". [28] ISO/IEC 8802-3: "Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications". [29] CEPT/ERC Recommendation 74-01: "Spurious emissions". [30] ITU-R Recommendation SM.329: "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain". [31] ITU-R Recommendation F.1488: "Frequency block arrangements for fixed wireless access systems in the range 3 400-3 800 MHz".[32] ITU-T Recommendation G.826: "End-to-end error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit-rate digital paths and connections". [33] ITU-T Recommendation G.827: "Availability parameters and objectives for path elements of international constant bit-rate digital paths at or above the primary rate". [34] ITU-R Recommendation F.1491: "Error performance objectives for real digital radio links used in the national portion of a 27 500 km hypothetical reference path at or above the primary rate".[35] ITU-R Recommendation F.557: "Availability objective for radio-relay systems over a hypothetical reference circuit and a hypothetical reference digital path". [36] ITU-T Recommendation G.723: "Dual rate speech coder for multimedia communications transmitting at 5,3 and 6,3 kbit/s". [37] ETSI EG 202 306 (V1.2.1): "Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Access networks for residential customers". SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 10 [38] ITU-T Recommendation G.711: "Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies". [39] ITU-T Recommendation G.957: "Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy". [40] ITU-R Radio Regulations, Article S5.482: "Frequency allocations". 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: gross bit rate: defined as the transmission bit rate over the air NOTE: In case of a transmitter working in burst mode the gross bit rate is the instantaneous maximum transmission bit rate during the burst. The gross bit rate has a unique relationship to the symbol rate through the implemented modulation format. In the case of OFDMA this relationship is unique when all OFDMA sub carriers are in use. Gross bit rate for TDMA/OFDMA systems is the aggregate bit rate of all OFDMA sub carriers transmitting simultaneously. OFDM-sub-carrier: physical sub-division of the channel as determined by the manufacturer for OFDM and OFDMA systems NOTE: The complete set of discrete sub-carriers is distributed throughout the assigned channel. With OFDM (and OFDMA), individual symbols are represented by all (or some) of the sub-carriers operating in concert rather than by individual sub-carriers. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM): transmission method where the transmitted signal is composed of multiple narrow band OFDM-sub-carriers, all modulated in parallel Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA): variant of OFDM where only a subset of the OFDM-sub-carriers are used by any single transmitter, allowing multiple transmitters to transmit at the same time on disjoint sets of OFDM-sub-carriers NOTE: When used in conjunction with TDMA this applies burst by burst. OFDMA-sub-channel: logical channel for transmission or control purposes, comprising a set of physical OFDM sub-carriers NOTE: The specific sub-carriers associated with a particular sub-channel are usually dynamically distributed throughout the whole channel bandwidth. The minimum number of sub-carriers that may comprise a sub-channel is dependent on the system design. 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: ∆F Channel Spacing dB deciBel dBm deciBel relative to 1 milliwatt GHz GigaHertz Hz Hertz kbit/s kilobits per second kHz kiloHertz Mbit/s Megabits per second MHz MegaHertz ms millisecond Pr interpolated Power level s number of states SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 11 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: BER Bit Error Rate CCS Central Controller Station CRS Central Radio Station CS Central Station CW Continuous Wave EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility ERC European Radiocommunications Committee HC High Coexistence IFbw Intermediate Frequency bandwidth ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network LD CELP Low Delay Code Excited Linear Prediction MGBR Minimum Gross Bit Rate MOS Mean Opinion Score OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access PRBS Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence QDU Quantization Distortion Unit RBER Residual BER RS Repeater Station RSL Receive Signal Level rx Receiver S/I Signal
to Interference TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDMA/OFDMA Time Division Multiple Access used in combination with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access TE Terminal Equipment TS Terminal Station tx Transmitter SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 12 4 General system architecture 4.1 Sub-system types A system could consist of several sub-systems as follows (see figure 1): CSCCSCRSAnother CRS may beconnected to the same CCSSNIUNINetwork NodeUNIBaseband interface reference points SNI/UNIDirectional antennaOmnidirectional orsector antennaUNIUNIUNIUNITETETETETETETETSRSTSTSTSTS Figure 1: General system architecture CS: The Central Station, which interfaces the network. It can be integrated or divided into two units: - the Central Controller Station (CCS) also called the exchange unit which is the interface to the local switch; - the Central Radio Station (CRS) also called the radio unit, which is the central baseband/radio transceiver equipment. One CCS may control more than one CRS. TS: The Terminal Station (outstations with subscriber interfaces). A TS may serve more than one Terminal Equipment (TE). RS: The Repeater Station (radio repeater outstations with or without subscriber interfaces). An RS may serve one or more TS. TE: Terminal Equipment. SNI: Service Node Interface (see EG 202 306 [37]). UNI: User Network Interface (see EG 202 306 [37]). SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 13 The central station performs the interconnection with the network node carrying out a concentration function by sharing the total number of available channels in the system. The central station is linked either directly to all Terminal Stations (TS) via Repeater Stations (RS) by microwave transmission paths. Whenever an existing digital transmission link is available, separating the CCS installed at the network node site and the CRS can optimize the network implementation. The general characteristics, which are typical for P-MP systems, are considered in the present document. These characteristics have been categories under four headings: 1) system characteristics; 2) radio characteristics; 3) type of services/user equipment and network interfaces; 4) power supply, mechanical and environmental characteristics. 4.2 System characteristics The following characteristics shall be used. 4.2.1 System capacity The present document defines eight System Types A, B C, D, E, F, G and HC. These systems represent different spectral efficiency in term of gross-bit-rate/Hz; the gross bit rate, defined in clause 3.3, has a unique relation to the symbol rate through the implemented modulation format: - A and E: lower complexity modulation formats (e.g. 4 states or equivalent); - HC: lower complexity modulation formats as System Type A (e.g. 4 states or equivalent), but with higher requirements for receiver sensitivity and tolerance to interference; - B and F: medium complexity modulation formats (e.g. 16 states or equivalent); - C: lower complexity modulation formats (e.g. 4 states or equivalent) for systems with a gross bit rate below 2 Mbit/s and limited to TDD operation only; - D and G: higher complexity modulation formats (e.g. 64 states or equivalent). The E, F and G system types are intended for OFDM modulation including TDMA/OFDMA systems. The minimum gross bit rates for different channel spacing and system types are given in clause 5.2. The manufacturer shall declare the actual system traffic carrying capacity, the gross bit rate and the system type. The system minimum gross bit rate (MGBR) shall be defined for a fully loaded system. For example, for a TDMA/OFDMA system, in any single TDMA burst any single OFDMA TS may be dynamically assigned a subset of the OFDMA-sub-channels. Multiple TS are allowed to transmit at the same time on disjoint sets of OFDM-sub-carriers, so the MGBR is defined when all available OFDM-sub-carriers are in use at the same time.
4.2.2 Transmission error performance Equipment with system rate lower than 32 × 64 kbit/s or equivalent, shall be designed in order to meet network performance and availability requirements specified by ITU-T Recommendation G.821 [5] following the criteria defined in ITU-R Recommendation F.697 [17] for the local grade portion of the digital connection. Equipment with system rate equal or higher than 32 × 64 kbit/s or equivalent, shall be designed in order to meet network performance and availability requirements foreseen by ITU-T Recommendations G.826 [32] and G.827 [33] following the criteria defined in ITU-R Recommendations F.1491 [34] and F.557 [35] for the national portion of the digital connection. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 14 4.2.3 Round trip delay for speech services The round trip delay for a 64 kbit/s traffic channel shall not exceed 20 ms. Longer round trip delays may result at other bit rates and when using speech coding at rates lower than 64 kbit/s. In order to guarantee that the delay introduced by the system into the transmission network does not degrade the quality of the telephone communication, compliance with ITU-T Recommendation G.131 [26] shall be ensured. 4.2.4 Transparency The system shall be fully transparent: the network node and the user equipment (points F and G in the Reference Model, see figure 1) communicate with each other without being aware of the radio link. The system shall be transparent to analogue or digital subscriber equipment signalling and to voiceband data signals. However, advantage may be taken of coding methods at rates lower than 64 kbit/s to conserve radio spectrum, provided that a means to maintain the above transparency is used. At least one of the following standard coding methods could be employed: 64 kbit/s: according to ITU-T Recommendation G.711 [38], which will provide full transparency and permit a direct digital interface to digital switches; 32 kbit/s: according to ITU-T Recommendation G.726 [15]; 16 kbit/s: according to ITU-T Recommendation G.728 [16] for Low Delay Code Excited Linear Prediction (LD CELP); 8 kbit/s: according to ITU-T Recommendation G.729 [18]; 6,3 kbit/s: according to ITU-T Recommendation G.723 [36]. Other voice coding methods may be employed if the quality (measured for example in Quantization Distortion Units (QDU) or Mean Opinion Score (MOS)) shall be equivalent to the above. 4.2.5 Synchronization Systems employing digital interfaces shall include methods enabling internal and external synchronization to the network. Synchronization tolerance should meet the requirements of ITU-T Recommendation G.703 [2]. 5 Radio characteristics 5.1 Frequency bands Bands allocated to the fixed service in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz shall be used. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 15 5.2 Proposed channel arrangements Table 1 gives details of frequency bands which have been considered within CEPT, the European Radiocommunications Committee (ERC) and ITU-R. Table 1: Frequency bands Frequency band Band limits Transmit/receive spacing (applies to channels/blocks) 3,5 GHz 3,4 GHz to 3,6 GHz 50 MHz or 100 MHz, CEPT/ERC Recommendation 14-03 [7] ITU-R Recommendation F.1488 [31] 3,7 GHz 3,6 GHz to 3,8 GHZ 50 MHz or 100 MHz CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-08 [25] ITU-R Recommendation F.1488 [31] 10,5 GHz 10,15 GHz to 10,3 GHz paired with 10,5 GHz to 10,65 GHz 350 MHz, CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-05 [8] NOTE: Administrations may assign further parts of Fixed Service bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz to systems defined in the present document in accordance with appropriate CEPT Recommendations. When applied to TDD equipment, references in the present document to tx/rx separation should be disregarded.
Table 2 gives the Minimum Gross Bit Rate (MGBR) for channel spacing based on N × 1,75 MHz, 2 MHz and 30 MHz. Table 2: Channel spacing/minimum gross bit rate Channel spacing (MHz) < 1,75 (see note) 1,75/2 3,5 7 14 28/30 System Type A, E
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s)
< 2 2 4 8 16 32 System Type B, F
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s)
< 4 4 8 16 32 64 System Type C
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) < 2 NA NA NA NA NA System Type D, G
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s)
6 12 24 48 96 System Type HC
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s)
2 4 8 16 32 NOTE: See note of table 3.
The ERC recommendations allow other channel spacings (see CEPT/ERC Recommendation 14-03 [7], annexes A.1 and B.1, CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-08 [25], annex B and CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-05 [8], annex A). For channel spacing not defined in table 2 the MGBR (Mbits/s) shall meet the following equation:
)2log()log(74sFMGBR∆= Where s is the number of states or equivalent for the particular equipment class given in clause 4.2.1.
CEPT/ERC Recommendations 14-03 [7] and 12-08 [25] require the channel spacing to be based on 0,25 MHz slots for point to multipoint systems in the bands 3,5 GHz and 3,7 GHz. CEPT/ERC Recommendation 12-05 [8] require the channel spacing to be based on 0,5 MHz slots.
For regulatory purposes in national procedures for licensing radio equipments according to the present document, the above system types shall be identified by the "system type codes" reported in annex A. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 16 5.3 Transmitter (tx) characteristics 5.3.1 Tx power range The maximum value of output power, referred to point C' of the RF block diagram in figure 2 shall not exceed 35 dBm. ITU-R Radio Regulations S5.482 [40] states that in the band 10,6 GHz to 10,68 GHz, stations of the Fixed and Mobile, except Aeronautical Mobile, services shall be limited to a maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power of 40 dBW and the power delivered to the antenna shall not exceed -3 dBW. If for proper operation of the system or for regulatory purposes, a reduced range of output power is required, then a built in or added means of adjustment shall be provided. The tolerance of the nominal output power should be within ±2 dB for systems operating within non weather protected locations and ±1 dB for systems operating within weather protected locations. However, in respect of the essential requirement, for the purpose of the R&TTE Directive, the tolerance shall be ±2 dB in all cases. The transmitted output power means the value measured when the output is connected to a dummy load, i.e. power meter or spectrum analyser. The transmitted carrier shall be modulated with a signal representing the normal traffic, under all conditions of loading and services. Two different measurement methods can be used: 1) spectrum analyser with resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth greater than 1 MHz; or 2) power meter. T r a n s m i t t e r R F
T x
F i l t e r B r a n c h i n g N e t w o r k * F e e d e r F e e d e r B r a n c h i n g N e t w o r k R F
R x
F i l t e r R e c e i v e r A ' A B ' B C ' C D ' D Z ' Z (Note) NOTE: Points B and C and B' and C' will coincide if branching networks are not used.
Figure 2: Radio Frequency (RF) block diagram 5.3.2 Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) ATPC is considered to be an optional feature. Equipment with ATPC will be subject to manufacturer declaration of the ATPC ranges and related tolerances. Testing shall be carried out with output power level corresponding to: - ATPC set manually to a fixed value for system performance; - ATPC set at the nominal output power declared by the manufacturer.
5.3.3 Spectrum masks 5.3.3.1 Spectrum density mask Spectrum masks are given in figures 3, 4 and 5. The transmitted output power spectrum is defined as: the spectrum when modulated with a signal representing the normal traffic, under all conditions of loading and services. SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 17 The spectrum measurement at point C' of the system block diagram shall be performed with the "maximum hold" function selected on the spectrum analyser. The reference level of the output spectrum means that the 0 dB level is the top of the modulated spectrum. In the case of TDMA/OFDMA systems, the 0 dB reference level of the spectrum mask is the absolute power when all available sub-channels are transmitting at full power. For a TDMA/OFDMA TS, it is recognized that the number of available sub-channels may be less than the total number assigned to the system and the manufacturer shall be required to declare the number of sub-channels such a TS station can support. If a TDMA/OFDMA TS only supports a number of sub-channels (n) which is less than the total number of sub-channels available to the system as a whole (m), the reference level for the spectrum masks for that TS shall be: (m/n) × the maximum power density, within the whole channel, when all "n" available channels are active at maximum power (see notes 3 and 4 in table 6). Tables 3, 4, and 5 give the reference points for channel spacing based on N × 1,75 MHz, 2 MHz and 30 MHz.
and C System Type B System Type D -42
Figure 3: Power spectrum masks for system type A, B, C and D (fo = actual carrier frequency) SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 18
f0 System Type G Spectral
Density (dB)
-5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 A, B C D E F
-8
-27
-32
-38 System Type E System Type F Frequency Reference Points
Figure 4: Power spectrum masks for system type E, F and G (fo = actual carrier frequency) SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 19
-27 HC1
Figure 5: Power spectrum masks for system type HC (fo = actual carrier frequency) SIST EN 301 021 V1.6.1:2003

ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 20 Table 3: Reference frequencies for spectrum masks, system type A, B, C and D System Type A
Points figure 3 Frequency offset (MHz) Channel spacing, (MHz) Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) Point A
0 dB Point B
-25 dB Point C
-25 dB Point D
-45 dB Point E
-45 dB (see note) < 2 1,7 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 2,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 3,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 6,4 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 10 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 1,75 2 0,75 1,15 1,6 2,8 4,375 2 2 0,85 1,3 1,8 3,2 5,0 3,5 4 1,5 2,5 3,7 6,8 8,75 7 8 2,8 5,6 7 14 17,5 14 16 5,6 11,2 14 28 35 28/30 32 11,2 22,4 28 56 70 System Type B Points figure 3 Frequency offset (MHz) Channel spacing, (MHz) Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) Point A
0 dB Point B
-32 dB Point C
-37 dB Point D
-50 dB Point E
-50 dB (see note) < 4 1,7 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 2,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 3,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 6,4 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 10 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 1,75 4 0,8 1,4 1,85 3,5 4,375 3,5 8 1,5 2,5 3,7 7,0 8,75 7 16 2,8 5,6 7 14 17,5 14 32 5,6 11,2 14 28 35 28/30 64 11,2 22,4 28 56 70 System Type C Points figure 3
Frequency offset (MHz) Channel spacing, (MHz) Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) Point A
0 dB Point B
-25 dB Point C
-25 dB Point D
-45 dB Point E
-45 dB (see note) < 2 1,7 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 2,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 3,6 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 6,4 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) 10 × Symbol Rate (Mbaud) System Type D Points figure 3 Frequency offset (MHz) Channel spacing, (MHz)
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) Point A
0 dB Point B
-37 dB Point C
-42 dB Point D
-50 dB Point E
-50 dB 1,75 6 0,8 1,4 1,85 3,5 4,375 2 6,5 0,85 1,6 2 4 5 3,5 12 1,5 2,9 3,7 7,0 8,75 7 24 2,8 5,6 7 14 17,5 14 48 5,6 11,2 14 28 35 28/30 96 11,2 22,4 28 56 70 NOTE: TDMA systems with minimum gross bit rates < 2 Mbit/s for system type A and C or < 4 Mbit/s for system type B may use various channel spacing within blocks of slots assigned to an operator according to CEPT/ERC Recommendations 14-03 [7], 12-05 [8] or 12-08 [25]. The manufacturer shall declare the symbol rate and channel spacing, from which the break points A, B, C and D for the spectrum mask can be calculated.
ETSI ETSI EN 301 021 V1.6.1 (2003-07) 21 Table 4: Reference frequencies for spectrum masks, system type E, F and G System Type E Points figure 4 Frequency offset (MHz)
Channel spacing, (MHz)
Minimum gross bit rate (Mbit/s) Point A 0 dB
Point B -8 dB Point C -25 dB Point D -27 dB Point E -50 dB Point F -50 dB 1,75 2 0,875 0,875 1,25 1,85 3,5 4,375 2 2 1,00 1,00 1,42 2,11 4 5 3,5 4 1,75 1,75 2,5 3,7 7,0 8,75 7 8 3,5 3,5 5,0 7,4 14 17,5 14 16 7,0 7,0 10,0 14,8 28 35 28/30 32 14,0 14,0 20,0 29,6 56 70 System Type F
Points figure 4 Frequency offset (MHz)
Channel s
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