ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)

Integrated broadband cable telecommunication networks (CABLE); Energy management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 2: Specific requirements; Sub-part 4: Cable Access Networks

DES/CABLE-00005

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Technical Committee: CABLE WG3 - Engineering, Efficiency and Sustainability
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 05-Jun-2015
• Completion Date: 02-Jun-2015
• Mandate: M/462

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)






ETSI STANDARD
Integrated broadband cable
telecommunication networks (CABLE);
Energy management;
Global KPIs;
Operational infrastructures;
Part 2: Specific requirements;
Sub-part 4: Cable Access Networks

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2 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)



Reference
DES/CABLE-00005
Keywords
CABLE, energy efficiency
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2015.
All rights reserved.

TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

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3 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 System Definition and Boundaries . 11
4.1 Cable Access Network . 11
4.2 Topology of Cable Access Networks . 14
5 KPIs in Terms of the Cable Access Network . 16
5.1 Objective and Global KPIs . 16
5.2 Energy Performance Global KPI . 17
5.3 Energy Management Global KPI . 17
5.4 Energy Performance and Task Efficiency of a Cable Access Network . 18
6 Mapping the Objective KPIs . 19
6.1 Energy Consumption . 19
6.2 Task Efficiency . 20
6.3 Energy Re-use . 20
6.4 Renewable Energy . 20
7 Mathematical Definition of KPIs . 20
7.1 Calculating KPI . 20
EP
7.1.1 Definition . 20
7.1.2 Power Between REF and REF . 21
HE NIU
7.1.3 Data Volume Transferred Between REF and REF . 23
HE NIU
7.1.4 Energy Performance KPI . 26
7.2 Use Case Sample Calculation of KPI . 26
EP
Annex A (informative): Power Supply Performance . 29
Annex B (informative): Bibliography . 30
History . 31

ETSI

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4 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Integrated broadband cable
telecommunication networks (CABLE).
The present document is part 2, sub-part 4 of a multi-part deliverable covering operational energy management and
sustainability of broadband deployment, as identified below:
Part 1: "General requirements ";
Part 2: "Specific requirements":
Sub-part 1: "Data centres";
Sub-part 2: "Fixed (excluding cable) access networks";
Sub-part 3: "Mobile access networks";
Sub-part 4: "Cable Access Networks";
Part 3: "Monitoring of sustainability".
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
Energy costs rise steadily, a trend that will continue in the future, while broadband penetration is introducing new active
equipment to the network architecture. In this context, and to reflect other environmental aspects of sustainability, it is
vital that the main telecommunication actors implement effective general engineering of fixed and mobile broadband
networks and sites provisioning, managing or using those networks (i.e. operator sites, operator data centres and
customer data centres) in order to respond to critical issues of energy consumption while proposing essential solutions
to true broadband deployment. To guide this process, it is essential that metrics are defined, termed Global Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) that enable energy usage to be managed more effectively.
ETSI

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5 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
The ETSI ES 205 200 series comprises:
• ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1]: a generic requirements document addressing Global KPIs for operational
infrastructures;
NOTE 1: Global KPIs do not address design/operation of components or subsystems of broadband deployment
networks.
• sub-series ETSI ES 205 200-2: definition of the Global KPIs and energy management targets for specific
operational networks and sites including descriptions on how the Global KPIs are to be applied (which may be
used to support future regulatory objectives):
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-1 [i.12]: applies to data centres;
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-2 [i.13]: applies to fixed broadband access networks (excluding Cable Access
Networks);
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-3 [i.14]: applies to mobile access networks;
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 (the present document): applies to broadband Cable Access Networks.
These documents do not define KPI limits or targets (which is outside the scope of the ETSI ES 205 200
series).
These documents will accelerate:
• availability of operational infrastructure architectures and network implementations that use energy more
efficiently;
• the definition and attainment of sustainability objectives for operational broadband networks.
Within the present document:
• Clause 4 provides a short explanation of a fixed broadband Cable Access Network's hybrid fiber coax (HFC)
architecture in terms of the systems it comprises and the boundaries that apply and defines several formulae
relating the objective and global KPIs to such a network.
• Clause 5 describes KPIs in terms of parameters applying to the Cable Access Network (CAN) and the inter-
relationship between the technical, objective and global KPIs. The global energy performance KPI (KPI ) is
EP
expressed in terms of the data volume transmitted by the CAN in MB and the energy consumed in kWh. The
clause relates the task efficiency of the HFC distribution network equipment and the overall energy
performance KPI .
EP
• Clause 6 maps the objective KPIs defined in ETSI ES 205 200-1 to the broadband Cable Access Network.
• Clause 7 gives a mathematical definition of the KPIs, with equations, calculations and use case examples.
NOTE 2: DOCSIS® is a registered Trade Mark of Cable Television Laboratories, Inc., and is used in the present
document with permission.
ETSI

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6 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies Global Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in terms of the performance of the fixed
broadband Cable Access Network (CAN). The KPIs are expressed in terms of transmitted data volume in relation to the
energy consumed by the distribution network between the in-home subscriber termination and network headend. The
KPIs are taking into account the predominantly deployed HFC access network topologies by European cable network
operators.
The present document addresses the objectives 1 to 4 as set out in ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] to encourage:
• reduction in energy consumption;
• improvements in task efficiency;
• extension of energy re-use;
• application of renewable energy.
The definition of the Global KPIs is in accordance with requirements of ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] in relation to:
• infrastructure scalability;
• infrastructure evolution;
• formulae and definition of terms;
• measurement points and procedures.
The present document refers to and introduces the Global KPI 'Energy Performance' in accordance with requirements of
ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] in relation to the above objectives.
With services trending towards exclusive use of digital transmission technologies, the present document considers only
the network KPIs relevant for the support of digital services.
The contribution of all in-home equipment connecting to the customer premises network interface unit (NIU) such as
the cable modem (CM), gateway (GW) and settop box (STB) to energy consumption as well as any other customer
premises equipment connected to the in-home network are out of scope of the present document. The present document
only considers components of the access network for the purpose of defining and measuring energy consumption key
performance indicators.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI ES 205 200-1 (V1.2.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Energy management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 1: General requirements".
ETSI

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7 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] EC Mandate M/462 (May 2010): "Standardisation mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and
ETSI in the field of Information and Communication Technologies to enable efficient energy use
in fixed and mobile information and communication networks".
[i.2] Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009
establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
("Ecodesign Directive").
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:285:0010:0035:en:PDF.
[i.3] Commission Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 of 17 December 2008 implementing Directive
2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements
for standby and off mode electric power consumption of electrical and electronic household and
office equipment.
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:339:0045:0052:en:PDF.
[i.4] Commission Regulation (EC) No 801/2013 of 22 August 2013 amending Regulation (EC) No
1275/2008 with regard to ecodesign requirements for standby, off mode electric power
consumption of electrical and electronic household and office equipment, and amending
Regulation (EC) No 642/2009 with regard to ecodesign requirements for televisions.
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2013:225:0001:0012:en:PDF.
[i.5] Code of Conduct on Energy Consumption of Broadband Equipment - Version 5. European
Commission, DG JRC, December 2013.
[i.6] ETSI EN 300 429 (V1.2.1): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel
coding and modulation for cable systems".
[i.7] ETSI EN 302 878 (parts 1 to 5 - V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing
(ATTM); Third Generation Transmission Systems for Interactive Cable Television Services - IP
Cable Modems".
NOTE: Part 1: General; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 2: Physical Layer; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 3: Downstream Radio Frequency Interface; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 4: MAC and Upper Layer Protocols; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 5: Security Services; DOCSIS 3.0.
[i.8] ETSI TR 101 546 (V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Integrated Broadband Cable and Television Networks; Converged Cable Access Platform
Architecture".
[i.9] ETSI TR 102 881 (V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Cable
Network Handbook".
[i.10] ETSI TR 105 174-6 (V1.1.1): "CABLE; Broadband Deployment and Energy Management; Part 6:
Cable Access Networks".
[i.11] CM-SP-EQAM-VSI-I01 (July 2011): "Edge QAM Video Stream Interface Specification.
CableLabs".
ETSI

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8 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
[i.12] ETSI ES 205 200-2-1: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 2: Specific requirements;
Sub-part 1: Data centres".
[i.13] ETSI ES 205 200-2-2: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing; Energy management;
Global KPIs: Operational infrastructures: Fixed (excluding cable) access networks;".
[i.14] ETSI ES 205 200-2-3: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 2: Specific requirements;
Sub-part 3: Mobile access networks".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
cable access network: functional elements that enable wired (including optical fibre) communications to customer
equipment
EdgeQAM: head-end or hub device that receives packets of digital video or data from the operator network,
re-packetizes the video or data into an MPEG transport stream and digitally modulates that transport stream onto a
downstream RF carrier using QAM
energy consumption: total consumption of electrical energy by an operational infrastructure
energy management: combination of reduced energy consumption and increased task efficiency, re-use of energy and
use of renewable energy
energy re-use: transfer or conversion of energy (typically in the form of heat) produced by the operational
infrastructure to do other work
Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC): broadband telecommunications network that combines optical fibre, coaxial cable and
active and passive electronic components
information technology equipment: equipment providing data storage, processing and transport services for
subsequent distribution by network telecommunications equipment
network telecommunications equipment: equipment dedicated to providing direct connection to core and/or access
networks
objective KPI: KPI assessing one of the objectives of operational energy performance which is subsequently used to
define a Global KPI for energy management (KPI )
EM
operational infrastructure: combination of information technology equipment and/or network telecommunications
equipment together with the power supply and environmental control systems necessary to ensure provision of service
operator site: premises accommodating network telecommunications equipment providing direct connection to the
core and access networks and which may also accommodate information technology equipment
renewable energy: energy produced from dedicated generation systems using resources that are naturally replenished
task efficiency: measure of the work done (as a result of design and/or operational procedures) for a given amount of
energy consumed
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
BR average data rate of an analog channel on the system in Mbps
ANA
BR data rate of an RF channel in Mbps
CH
ETSI

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9 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
BR average data rate of an HD channel on the system in Mbps
HD
BR average data rate of an SD channel on the system in Mbps
SD
C number of NIU connections fed by CMTS
CMTS
C number of NIU connections fed by Downstream transport channels
DS
C number of NIU connections fed by HE broadcast equipment
FAC
C number of NIU connections to network PS feeds
PS
C number of NIU connections fed by HE optical receiver on average
RX
C number of NIU connections fed by HE optical transmitter on average
TX
C number of NIU connections fed by Upstream transport channels
US
D volume of data transferred in MB
D volume of broadcast data effectively transferred per NIU connection in MB
BCEFF
D total volume of broadcast data transferred in MB
BCTOT
D volume of Downstream data transferred per NIU connection in MB
DS
D total volume of data transferred per NIU connection in MB
NIU
D volume of Upstream data transferred per NIU connection in MB
US
E energy consumed in kWh
k weighing factor dependant on the type of communication, e.g. video, data, voice
downstream channel utilisation co-efficient

upstream channel utilisation co-efficient

KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of energy consumption
EC
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of energy management
EM
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of energy performance
EP
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of network performance
NP
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of renewable energy usage
REN
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of energy re-use
REUSE
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of task efficiency
TE
kWh unit of Kilowatthour
L distribution path between HE and NIU
Mbps unit of Megabit per second
6
MB unit of Megabyte (10 Byte)
N number of RF channels carried between REF and REF
CH HE NIU
N number of Downstream channels carried between REF and REF
DS HE NIU
N number Upstream channels carried between REF and REF
US HE NIU
P total CMTS power
CMTS
P CMTS power per NIU connection
CNIU
P EQAM power per NIU connection
EQNIU
P total power of all EQAMs required to provide broadcast feed
EQAM
P performance factor
f
P HE power per NIU connection
HENIU
P total power per NIU connection
NIU
P total power supply power
PS
P power supply power per NIU connection
PSNIU
P total power required to operate single HE optical receiver
RX
P optical receiver power per NIU connection
RXNIU
P total power required to power single HE optical transmitter
TX
P optical transmitter power per NIU connection
TXNIU
REF Reference point at the cable headend
HE
REF Reference point at the network interface unit
NIU
t period of time over which KPIs are assessed
t average time in minutes a customer watches analogue channels each hour
ANA
t average time in minutes a customer watches HD channels each hour
HD
t average time in minutes a customer watches SD channels each hour
SD
TE task efficiency of the final amplifier
FA
TE task efficiency of the fibre node
FN
TE task efficiency of the group amplifier
GA
TE task efficiency of headend PHY equipment
HE
TE task efficiency of the network interface unit
NIU
TE task efficiency of the power supply
PS
VAC unit of Volt with alternating current
W factor dependant on technology, architecture and design, e.g. modulation scheme, integrated HE,
fibre deep
ETSI

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10 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AMP Amplifier
BST Base Station Transmitter
CAN Cable Access Network
CCAP Converged Cable Access Platform
CM Cable Modem
CMTS Cable Modem Termination System
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
DS Downstream
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DTV Digital Television
DVB-C Digital Video Broadcast- Cable
EC Energy Consumption
EC European Commission
EM Energy Management
EP Energy Performance
EQAM Edge Quadrature Amplitude Modulator
ERP Energy Related Products
ESO European Standards Organisation
FA Final Amplifier
FAC Facility
FN Fibre Node
GA Group Amplifier
GW Gateway
HD High Definition (digital video channel)
HE Head End
HFC Hybrid Fiber Coax
HSD High Speed Data
IP Internet Protocol
IP/PBX Internet Protocol/ Public Branch Exchange
IT Information Technology
KPI Key Performance Indicator
LCR Inductance, Capacitance, Resistance
LON Local Operating Network
MAC Media Access Control layer
MPEG Motion Pictures Experts Group
NIU Network Interface Unit
NP Network Performance
ODC Operator Data Centre
OS Operator Site
OSP Outside Plant
PF Power Feed
PHY Physical layer
POS Point Of Sale
PS Power Source or Power Supply
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
REN RENewable Energy
REUSE Energy RE-USE
RF Radio Frequency
SC-QAM Single Carrier-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
SD Standard Definition (digital video channel)
STB Settop Box
TE Task Efficiency (in the rest of the document)
TE Terminal Equipment (in architecture figures)
TV Television
US Upstream
ETSI

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11 ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-06)
4 System Definition and Boundaries
4.1 Cable Access Network
The present document considers the cable network operational infrastructure whereby the Global Key Performance
Indicator on Energy Performance KPI is used as the measure of the overall ability of the network to use electrical
EP
energy efficiently in its operation. KPI is expressed as a function of the total number of bytes of data transferred
EP
across the HFC distribution network against the overall power consumed. The data volume transferred across the
network is registered between the cable modem (CM) measured at the in-home Network Interface Unit (NIU) reference
and the headend equipment reference point REF .
point REF
NIU HE
NOTE: The headend comprises data and video equipment. At the headend, the CMTS equipment supports data
communications and the EdgeQAM equipment supports video communication. A CCAP headend
equipment is a platform that converges both data and video communication. For the purpose of the
present clause, the volume of transferred data is presented in terms of the CMTS (data communication
service) but the generic formulae and equations defined are applicable to EdgeQAM and CCAP headend
and k to represent an equivalent data throughput for video and
equipment using a weighting factor k
v c
converged data/video communications.
Figure 1 illustrates Energy Performance as a Global Key Performance Indicator in terms of the broadband CAN
structure and how it makes use of the individual network components, systems and sub-assemblies to consume energy
when transferring data. This indicator enables network managers to better manage the network resources in order to
reduce the overall energy consumption of the broadband Cable Access Network.
Energy Performance
Energy Consumption Energy Consumption
Structure of
Energy Consumption
By Frequency By Individual Key Performance
Broadband Cable
By Type of Customer
Spectrum and Components, Systems Indicator
Access Network (CAN) Service
KPI
Modulation Profile and Sub-Assemblies
EP

Figure 1: Illustration of E
...

Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)






ETSI STANDARD
Integrated broadband cable
telecommunication networks (CABLE);
Energy management;
Global KPIs;
Operational infrastructures;
Part 2: Specific requirements;
Sub-part 4: Cable Access Networks

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)



Reference
DES/CABLE-00005
Keywords
CABLE, energy efficiency
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2015.
All rights reserved.

TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative References . 6
2.2 Informative References . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 System Definition and Boundaries . 11
4.1 Cable Access Network . 11
4.2 Topology of Cable Access Networks . 14
5 KPIs in Terms of the Cable Access Network . 16
5.1 Objective and Global KPIs . 16
5.2 Energy Performance Global KPI . 17
5.3 Energy Management Global KPI . 17
5.4 Energy Performance and Task Efficiency of a Cable Access Network . 18
6 Mapping the Objective KPIs . 19
6.1 Energy Consumption . 19
6.2 Task Efficiency . 20
6.3 Energy Re-use . 20
6.4 Renewable Energy . 20
7 Mathematical Definition of KPIs . 20
7.1 Calculating KPI . 20
EP
7.1.1 Definition . 20
7.1.2 Power Between REF and REF . 21
HE NIU
7.1.3 Data Volume Transferred Between REF and REF . 23
HE NIU
7.1.4 Energy Performance KPI . 26
7.2 Use Case Sample Calculation of KPI . 26
EP
Annex A (informative): Power Supply Performance . 29
Annex B (informative): Bibliography . 30
History . 31

ETSI

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4 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This final draft ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Integrated broadband cable
telecommunication networks (CABLE), and is now submitted for the ETSI standards Membership Approval Procedure.
The present document is part 2, sub-part 4 of a multi-part deliverable covering operational energy management and
sustainability of broadband deployment, as identified below:
Part 1: "General requirements ";
Part 2: "Specific requirements":
Sub-part 1: "Data centres";
Sub-part 2: "Fixed (excluding cable) access networks";
Sub-part 3: "Mobile access networks";
Sub-part 4: "Cable Access Networks";
Part 3: "Monitoring of sustainability".
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
Energy costs rise steadily, a trend that will continue in the future, while broadband penetration is introducing new active
equipment to the network architecture. In this context, and to reflect other environmental aspects of sustainability, it is
vital that the main telecommunication actors implement effective general engineering of fixed and mobile broadband
networks and sites provisioning, managing or using those networks (i.e. operator sites, operator data centres and
customer data centres) in order to respond to critical issues of energy consumption while proposing essential solutions
to true broadband deployment. To guide this process, it is essential that metrics are defined, termed Global Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) that enable energy usage to be managed more effectively.
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The ETSI ES 205 200 series comprises:
• ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1]: a generic requirements document addressing Global KPIs for operational
infrastructures;
NOTE 1: Global KPIs do not address design/operation of components or subsystems of broadband deployment
networks.
• sub-series ETSI ES 205 200-2: definition of the Global KPIs and energy management targets for specific
operational networks and sites including descriptions on how the Global KPIs are to be applied (which may be
used to support future regulatory objectives):
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-1 [i.12]: applies to data centres;
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-2 [i.13]: applies to fixed broadband access networks (excluding Cable Access
Networks);
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-3 [i.14]: applies to mobile access networks;
- ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 (the present document): applies to broadband Cable Access Networks.
These documents do not define KPI limits or targets (which is outside the scope of the ETSI ES 205 200
series).
These documents will accelerate:
• availability of operational infrastructure architectures and network implementations that use energy more
efficiently;
• the definition and attainment of sustainability objectives for operational broadband networks.
Within the present document:
• Clause 4 provides a short explanation of a fixed broadband Cable Access Network's hybrid fiber coax (HFC)
architecture in terms of the systems it comprises and the boundaries that apply and defines several formulae
relating the objective and global KPIs to such a network.
• Clause 5 describes KPIs in terms of parameters applying to the Cable Access Network (CAN) and the inter-
relationship between the technical, objective and global KPIs. The global energy performance KPI (KPI ) is
EP
expressed in terms of the data volume transmitted by the CAN in MB and the energy consumed in kWh. The
clause relates the task efficiency of the HFC distribution network equipment and the overall energy
performance KPI .
EP
• Clause 6 maps the objective KPIs defined in ETSI ES 205 200-1 to the broadband Cable Access Network.
• Clause 7 gives a mathematical definition of the KPIs, with equations, calculations and use case examples.
NOTE 2: DOCSIS® is a registered Trade Mark of Cable Television Laboratories, Inc., and is used in the present
document with permission.
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6 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
1 Scope
The present document specifies Global Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in terms of the performance of the fixed
broadband Cable Access Network (CAN). The KPIs are expressed in terms of transmitted data volume in relation to the
energy consumed by the distribution network between the in-home subscriber termination and network headend. The
KPIs are taking into account the predominantly deployed HFC access network topologies by European cable network
operators.
The present document addresses the objectives 1 to 4 as set out in ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] to encourage:
• reduction in energy consumption;
• improvements in task efficiency;
• extension of energy re-use;
• application of renewable energy.
The definition of the Global KPIs is in accordance with requirements of ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] in relation to:
• infrastructure scalability;
• infrastructure evolution;
• formulae and definition of terms;
• measurement points and procedures.
The present document refers to and introduces the Global KPI 'Energy Performance' in accordance with requirements of
ETSI ES 205 200-1 [1] in relation to the above objectives.
With services trending towards exclusive use of digital transmission technologies, the present document considers only
the network KPIs relevant for the support of digital services.
The contribution of all in-home equipment connecting to the customer premises network interface unit (NIU) such as
the cable modem (CM), gateway (GW) and settop box (STB) to energy consumption as well as any other customer
premises equipment connected to the in-home network are out of scope of the present document. The present document
only considers components of the access network for the purpose of defining and measuring energy consumption key
performance indicators.
2 References
2.1 Normative References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI ES 205 200-1 (V1.2.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Energy management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 1: General requirements".
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7 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
2.2 Informative References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] EC Mandate M/462 (May 2010): "Standardisation mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and
ETSI in the field of Information and Communication Technologies to enable efficient energy use
in fixed and mobile information and communication networks".
[i.2] Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009
establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
("Ecodesign Directive").
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:285:0010:0035:en:PDF.
[i.3] Commission Regulation (EC) No 1275/2008 of 17 December 2008 implementing Directive
2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements
for standby and off mode electric power consumption of electrical and electronic household and
office equipment.
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:339:0045:0052:en:PDF.
[i.4] Commission Regulation (EC) No 801/2013 of 22 August 2013 amending Regulation (EC) No
1275/2008 with regard to ecodesign requirements for standby, off mode electric power
consumption of electrical and electronic household and office equipment, and amending
Regulation (EC) No 642/2009 with regard to ecodesign requirements for televisions.
NOTE: Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2013:225:0001:0012:en:PDF.
[i.5] Code of Conduct on Energy Consumption of Broadband Equipment - Version 5. European
Commission, DG JRC, December 2013.
[i.6] ETSI EN 300 429 (V1.2.1): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel
coding and modulation for cable systems".
[i.7] ETSI EN 302 878 (parts 1 to 5 - V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing
(ATTM); Third Generation Transmission Systems for Interactive Cable Television Services - IP
Cable Modems".
NOTE: Part 1: General; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 2: Physical Layer; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 3: Downstream Radio Frequency Interface; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 4: MAC and Upper Layer Protocols; DOCSIS 3.0.
Part 5: Security Services; DOCSIS 3.0.
[i.8] ETSI TR 101 546 (V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Integrated Broadband Cable and Television Networks; Converged Cable Access Platform
Architecture".
[i.9] ETSI TR 102 881 (V1.1.1): "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Cable
Network Handbook".
[i.10] ETSI TR 105 174-6 (V1.1.1): "CABLE; Broadband Deployment and Energy Management; Part 6:
Cable Access Networks".
[i.11] CM-SP-EQAM-VSI-I01 (July 2011): "Edge QAM Video Stream Interface Specification.
CableLabs".
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8 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
[i.12] ETSI ES 205 200-2-1: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 2: Specific requirements; Sub-part 1:
Data centres".
[i.13] ETSI ES 205 200-2-2: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing; Energy management;
Global KPIs: Operational infrastructures: Fixed (excluding cable) access networks;".
[i.14] ETSI ES 205 200-2-3: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Energy
management; Global KPIs; Operational infrastructures; Part 2: Specific requirements; Sub-part 3:
Mobile access networks".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
cable access network: functional elements that enable wired (including optical fibre) communications to customer
equipment
EdgeQAM: head-end or hub device that receives packets of digital video or data from the operator network,
re-packetizes the video or data into an MPEG transport stream and digitally modulates that transport stream onto a
downstream RF carrier using QAM
energy consumption: total consumption of electrical energy by an operational infrastructure
energy management: combination of reduced energy consumption and increased task efficiency, re-use of energy and
use of renewable energy
energy re-use: transfer or conversion of energy (typically in the form of heat) produced by the operational
infrastructure to do other work
Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC): broadband telecommunications network that combines optical fibre, coaxial cable and
active and passive electronic components
information technology equipment: equipment providing data storage, processing and transport services for
subsequent distribution by network telecommunications equipment
network telecommunications equipment: equipment dedicated to providing direct connection to core and/or access
networks
objective KPI: KPI assessing one of the objectives of operational energy performance which is subsequently used to
define a Global KPI for energy management (KPI )
EM
operational infrastructure: combination of information technology equipment and/or network telecommunications
equipment together with the power supply and environmental control systems necessary to ensure provision of service
operator site: premises accommodating network telecommunications equipment providing direct connection to the
core and access networks and which may also accommodate information technology equipment
renewable energy: energy produced from dedicated generation systems using resources that are naturally replenished
task efficiency: measure of the work done (as a result of design and/or operational procedures) for a given amount of
energy consumed
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
BR average data rate of an analog channel on the system in Mbps
ANA
BR data rate of an RF channel in Mbps
CH
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9 Final draft ETSI ES 205 200-2-4 V1.1.1 (2015-03)
BR average data rate of an HD channel on the system in Mbps
HD
BR average data rate of an SD channel on the system in Mbps
SD
C number of NIU connections fed by CMTS
CMTS
C number of NIU connections fed by Downstream transport channels
DS
C number of NIU connections fed by HE broadcast equipment
FAC
C number of NIU connections to network PS feeds
PS
C number of NIU connections fed by HE optical receiver on average
RX
C number of NIU connections fed by HE optical transmitter on average
TX
C number of NIU connections fed by Upstream transport channels
US
D volume of data transferred in MB
D volume of broadcast data effectively transferred per NIU connection in MB
BCEFF
D total volume of broadcast data transferred in MB
BCTOT
D volume of Downstream data transferred per NIU connection in MB
DS
D total volume of data transferred per NIU connection in MB
NIU
D volume of Upstream data transferred per NIU connection in MB
US
E energy consumed in kWh
k weighing factor dependant on the type of communication, e.g. video, data, voice
downstream channel utilisation co-efficient

upstream channel utilisation co-efficient

KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of energy consumption
EC
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of energy management
EM
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of energy performance
EP
KPI Global Key Performance Indicator of network performance
NP
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of renewable energy usage
REN
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of energy re-use
REUSE
KPI Objective Key Performance Indicator of task efficiency
TE
kWh unit of Kilowatthour
L distribution path between HE and NIU
Mbps unit of Megabit per second
6
MB unit of Megabyte (10 Byte)
N number of RF channels carried between REF and REF
CH HE NIU
N number of Downstream channels carried between REF and REF
DS HE NIU
N number Upstream channels carried between REF and REF
US HE NIU
P total CMTS power
CMTS
P CMTS power per NIU connection
CNIU
P EQAM power per NIU connection
EQNIU
P total power of all EQAMs required to provide broadcast feed
EQAM
P performance factor
f
P HE power per NIU connection
HENIU
P total power per NIU connection
NIU
P total power supply power
PS
P power supply power per NIU connection
PSNIU
P total power required to operate single HE optical receiver
RX
P optical receiver power per NIU connection
RXNIU
P total power required to power single HE optical transmitter
TX
P optical transmitter power per NIU connection
TXNIU
REF Reference point at the cable headend
HE
REF Reference point at the network interface unit
NIU
t period of time over which KPIs are assessed
t average time in minutes a customer watches analogue channels each hour
ANA
t average time in minutes a customer watches HD channels each hour
HD
t average time in minutes a customer watches SD channels each hour
SD
TE task efficiency of the final amplifier
FA
TE task efficiency of the fibre node
FN
TE task efficiency of the group amplifier
GA
TE task efficiency of headend PHY equipment
HE
TE task efficiency of the network interface unit
NIU
TE task efficiency of the power supply
PS
VAC unit of Volt with alternating current
W factor dependant on technology, architecture and design, e.g. modulation scheme, integrated HE,
fibre deep
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AMP Amplifier
BST Base Station Transmitter
CAN Cable Access Network
CCAP Converged Cable Access Platform
CM Cable Modem
CMTS Cable Modem Termination System
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
DOCSIS Data over Cable Service Interface Specification
DS Downstream
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DTV Digital Television
DVB-C Digital Video Broadcast- Cable
EC Energy Consumption
EC European Commission
EM Energy Management
EP Energy Performance
EQAM Edge Quadrature Amplitude Modulator
ERP Energy Related Products
ESO European Standards Organisation
FA Final Amplifier
FAC Facility
FN Fibre Node
GA Group Amplifier
GW Gateway
HD High Definition (digital video channel)
HE Head End
HFC Hybrid Fiber Coax
HSD High Speed Data
IP Internet Protocol
IP/PBX Internet Protocol/ Public Branch Exchange
IT Information Technology
KPI Key Performance Indicator
LCR Inductance, Capacitance, Resistance
LON Local Operating Network
MAC Media Access Control layer
MPEG Motion Pictures Experts Group
NIU Network Interface Unit
NP Network Performance
ODC Operator Data Centre
OS Operator Site
OSP Outside Plant
PF Power Feed
PHY Physical layer
POS Point of Sale
PS Power Source or Power Supply
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
REN RENewable Energy
REUSE Energy RE-USE
RF Radio Frequency
SC-QAM Single Carrier-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
SD Standard Definition (digital video channel)
STB Settop Box
TE Task Efficiency (in the rest of the document)
TE Terminal Equipment (in architecture figures)
TV Television
US Upstream
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4 System Definition and Boundaries
4.1 Cable Access Network
The present document considers the cable network operational infrastructure whereby the Global Key Performance
Indicator on Energy Performance KPIEP is used as the measure of the overall ability of the network to use electrical
energy efficiently in its operation. KPI is expressed as a function of the total number of bytes of data transferred
EP
across the HFC distribution network against the overall power consumed. The data volume transferred across the
network is registered between the cable modem (CM) measured at the in-home Network Interface Unit (NIU) reference
and the headend equipment reference point REF .
point REFNIU HE
NOTE: The headend comprises data and video equipment. At the headend, the CMTS equipment supports data
communications and the EdgeQAM equipment supports video communication. A CCAP headend
equipment is a platform that converges both data and video communication. For the purpose of the
present clause, the volume of transferred data is presented in terms of the CMTS (data communication
service) but the generic formulae and equations defined are applicable to EdgeQAM and CCAP headend
and k to represent an equivalent data throughput for video and
equipment using a weighting factor kv c
converged data/video communications.
Figure 1 illustrates Energy Performance as a Global Key Performance Indicator in terms of the broadband CAN
structure and how it makes use of the individual network components, systems and sub-assemblies to consume energy
when transferring data. This indicator enables network managers to better manage the network resources in order to
reduce the overall energy consumption of the broadband Cable Access Network.
Energy Performance
Energy Consumption Energy Consumption
Structure of
Energy Consumption
By Frequency By Indivi
...