ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)

Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Key Performance Indicators for Sustainable Digital Multiservice Cities

DTS/ATTMSDMC-1

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Jul-2017
• Technical Committee: ATTM SDMC - Sustainable Digital Multiservice Communities
• Current Stage: 50 - Withdrawn
• Due Date: 20-Jul-2017
• Completion Date: 29-Oct-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Key Performance Indicators for
Sustainable Digital Multiservice Cities

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2 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)



Reference
DTS/ATTMSDMC-1
Keywords
KPI, smart grid, smart meter, sustainability

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3 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Executive summary . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 8
4 Indicators for smart cities . 9
4.1 Generalities. 9
4.2 People . 10
4.2.1 Health . 10
4.2.2 Safety . 10
4.2.3 Access to (other) services . 10
4.2.4 Education . 11
4.2.5 Diversity and social cohesion . 11
4.2.6 Quality of housing and the built environment. 11
4.3 Planet . 11
4.3.1 Energy and mitigation . 11
4.3.2 Materials, water, land. 12
4.3.3 Climate resilience . 12
4.3.4 Pollution and waste . 12
4.3.5 Ecosystem . 12
4.4 Prosperity . 13
4.4.1 Employment . 13
4.4.2 Equity . 13
4.4.3 Green economy . 13
4.4.4 Economic performance . 13
4.4.5 Innovation . 13
4.4.6 Attractiveness and competitiveness . 14
4.5 Governance. 14
4.5.1 Organization . 14
4.5.2 Community involvement . 14
4.5.3 Multilevel governance . 14
4.6 Conclusions . 15
Annex A (informative): Description of the city indicators . 16
A.1 People . 16
A.1.1 Health . 16
A.1.2 Safety . 17
A.1.3 Access to (other) services . 18
A.1.4 Education . 19
A.1.5 Diversity and social cohesion . 19
A.2 Planet . 20
A.2.1 Energy and mitigation . 20
A.2.2 Materials, water, land . 21
A.2.3 Climate resilience . 26
A.2.4 Pollution and waste . 28
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4 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
A.2.5 Ecosystem. 34
A.3 Prosperity . 36
A.3.1 Employment . 36
A.3.2 Equity . 38
A.3.3 Green economy . 40
A.3.4 Economic performance . 43
A.3.5 Innovation. 45
A.3.6 Attractiveness and competitiveness . 49
A.4 Governance . 53
A.4.1 Organization . 53
A.4.2 Community involvement . 57
A.4.3 Multi-level governance . 60
History . 62


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5 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Access, Terminals, Transmission
and Multiplexing (ATTM).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Executive summary
The present document describes the selection of indicators for assessing indicators on city level. Starting from the
definition of a smart city, indicators have been selected that can function as Key Performance Indicators for tracking the
progress towards city objectives.
The indicators for smart cities focus on monitoring the evolution of a city towards an even smarter city. The time
component -"development over the years"- is an important feature. The city indicators may be used to show to what
extent overall policy goals have been reached, or are within reach. With a starting point in the smart city definition, and
taking into account the wishes of cities and citizens with regard to smart city indicators, the indicators are arranged in an
extended triple bottom line sustainability framework, including the themes people, planet, prosperity, governance and
propagation, and completed with specific smart city indicators. Under the main themes subthemes conforming to major
policy ambitions have been identified. Under these subthemes in total 73 city indicators have been selected. The
selection has been based on an inventory of 43 existing indicator frameworks for cities indicators. The majority of the
indicators in the ICT users selection have been derived from existing indicator frameworks. New indicators have been
suggested to fill gaps in existing frameworks.
Annex A of the present document presents the selection of indicators for ICT users.
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6 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
Introduction
ICT users aim to speed up the transition to low carbon, resource-efficient cities by facilitating and enabling stakeholders
in smart cities to learn from each other, create trust in solutions, and monitor progress, by means of a common
performance measurement framework. The ultimate goal is to support the wide-scale deployment of smart city solutions
and services in order to create impact on major societal challenges related to the cities' fast growth and the Union's
20/20/20 energy and climate targets. The expected benefits for different stakeholders can be summarized as follows:
• Cities will benefit from the ICT users results as they support their strategic planning and allow measuring their
progress towards smart city goals. In addition, benefits are created from the enhanced collaboration within and
between cities, providing the possibility to compare solutions and to find best practices.
• Policy makers will benefit from the indicators that help to set policy targets and monitor their achievement.
ICT users KPI framework's sub-themes are formulated as policy goals and thereby the use of the indicators
and therefore the indicators are especially useful to follow progress towards policy goals.
• Solution providers will benefit from better insight into business opportunities for their products and services,
and into the possibilities for replication in a different city or context.
• Industrial stakeholders will benefit from the recommendations for new business, e.g. based on open data.
Citizens will benefit from the indicators as they may help to get a better understanding of complex projects and
their impacts.
2 emissions, increased energy
All these opportunities should bring environmental benefits such as reduction of CO
efficiency, increased share of renewables, as well as improve the quality of life through better mobility, better
communication between local authorities and their citizens, empowerment of citizens (i.e. smart citizens). For the
development of the performance measurement framework, ICT users are building on existing smart city and sustainable
city indicator systems. The bases of the ICT users indicator framework (Based on CITYkeys deliverable 1.4 [i.1]) are
the traditional sustainability impact categories People, Prosperity and Planet, but the performance measurement
framework includes specific smart city KPIs that go beyond the traditional categories in showing not only the impact
but also indices of the success factors for smart city endeavours and the suitability for dissemination to other cities and
circumstances. The transparent and flexible ICT Users 'performance measurement framework will be able to handle
different sizes of cities in different smart city development stages and thereby support different development strategies
of smart cities and -initiatives over a wide range of characteristics.

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7 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
1 Scope
The present document defines indicators (KPIs) for Smart Cities expressing city level in terms of People, Planet,
Prosperity, Governance and Propagation.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-T L.1440: "Methodology for environmental impact assessment of
information and communication technologies at city level".
[2] Recommendation ITU-T L.1430: "Methodology for assessment of the environmental impact of
information and communication technology greenhouse gas and energy projects".
[3] ISO 1996-2:1987: "Describes methods for measuring and describing noise of the environment
relevant to a specified area, existing or planned. Does not give guidance on the estimation of the
overall uncertainty of the results. Noes not specify noise limits".
[4] ISO 37120:2014: "Sustainable development of communities -- Indicators for city services and
quality of life".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] European project CITYkeys deliverable D1.4: "D1.4-CITYkeys-D14-Smart-City-KPIs-Final-
20160201".
NOTE: Available at http://citykeys-project.eu/citykeys/resources/general/download/CITYkeys-D1-4-Smart-City-
smart-project-KPIs-and-related-methodology-final-WSWE-A7LN3E.
[i.2] ETSI GS OEU 019: "Operational energy Efficiency for Users (OEU); KPIs for Smart Cities".
[i.3] ITU, 2014: "Key performance indicators (KPIs) definitions for smart sustainable cities". ITU focus
group on smart sustainable cities.
[i.4] ISO 14000 series: "Environmental management".
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8 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
[i.5] OECD Frascati Manual 2002.
NOTE: Available at http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/frascati-manual-
2002_9789264199040-en.
[i.6] Eurostat Urban audit (urb) Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS).
NOTE: Available at http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/urb_esms.htm.
[i.7] European Environment Agency Urban Atlas.
NOTE: Available at http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/urban-atlas.
[i.8] Department of Energy & Climate Change: "Electricity Generation Costs", 2013.
NOTE: Available at
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/223940/DECC_Electricity
_Generation_Costs_for_publication_-_24_07_13.pdf.
[i.9] ECM: "European Cities Marketing Benchmarking report", 2015.
NOTE: Available at http://www.europeancitiesmarketing.com/.
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
CITYkeys: european project funded by European Union, programme H2020
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
CAQI Common Air Quality Index
CO Carbon dioxide
2
DE Domestic Extraction
DECC Department of Energy and Climate Change
DMC Domestic Material Consumption
DMI Direct Material Input
EC European Commission
ECM European Cities Marketing
EEA European Environment Agency
ESPON European Spatial Planning Observation Network
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GERD Gross domestic Expenditure on R&D
GJ GigaJoule
GPP Green Public Procurement
ICT Information and Communications Technology
ISWA International Solid Waste Association
ITU International Telecommunications Union
KPI Key Performance Indicators
LIHC London Intercommunity Health Centre
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PM Particule Matter
PNP Private Not-for-Profit institutions
SHP Shape files (GIS file format)
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9 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
TOE Tonne of Oil Equivalent
NOTE: 1 TOE = 41,868 GJ.
UHI Urban Heat Island
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
WEI Water Exploitation Index
WHO World Health Organisation
4 Indicators for smart cities
4.1 Generalities
From the long list of city indicators, based among others on CITYkeys deliverable D1.4 [i.1] and ETSI
GS OEU 019 [i.2], an indicator was chosen. If several indicators were equally suitable, the preference went to an
indicator that cities already use and/or are familiar with. In the next paragraphs, the tables of selected city indicators are
shown, discussing the title, the unit, a short description, the source framework(s) and the type of indicator:
• The title of the city indicator is phrased as evaluating a static situation. A static indicator, assessing the
situation at a certain recurrence in time, will allow monitoring over various time periods.
• Important in the choice for the unit of the indicator is the comparability of indicators across a variety of cities
differing in size, demography, dominant type of companies/sectors, etc. Here too, absolute values are not
suitable. Consequently, most city indicators are defined as '%' or use a Likert scale, for instance, the share of
population with good access to public transport expressed in percentage.
• For the city indicator set the traditional quantitative indicator was judged feasible.
• The short description explains the indicator into more detail. More elaborate descriptions of the city indicators
can be found in annex A.
• Also for city indicators, existing indicators of already developed frameworks have been used for the ICT users'
framework when available. For these indicators, the original frameworks are mentioned in the description as
the 'source framework'. In addition, new indicators have been developed by the consortium members when
they felt this was necessary for performing a complete evaluation of smart cities. The indicator titles of these
indicators are marked in red.
Some of these indicators have been defined on current Recommendation ITU-T L.1430 [2], Recommendation
ITU-T L.1440 [1] and ITU deliverables on KPIs definitions for Smart and Sustainable Cities [i.3].
Main indicators defined in the present document are presented as follow:
a) People:
- Encouraging a healthy lifestyle.
- Cybersecurity.
- Data privacy.
- Digital literacy.
- Ground floor usage.
b) Planet:
- Domestic material consumption.
- Brownfield use.
- Local food production.
- Urban heat island.
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10 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
c) Prosperity:
- Share of certified companies.
- Innovation hubs in the city.
- Open data.
d) Governance:
- Smart city policy.
4.2 People
4.2.1 Health
Table 1
Indicator title Indicator unit Definition
Access to basic health care services % of people Share of population with access to basic health care
services within 500 m
Encouraging a healthy lifestyle Likert The extent to which policy efforts are undertaken to
encourage a healthy lifestyle

4.2.2 Safety
Table 2
Indicator title Indicator unit Definition
Traffic accidents #/100 000 Number of transportation fatalities per 100 000 population
Crime rate #/100 000 Number of violence, annoyances and crimes per 100 000 population
Cybersecurity
Likert The level of cybersecurity of the cities' systems
Data privacy Likert The level of data protection by the city

4.2.3 Access to (other) services
Table 3
Indicator title Indicator unit Definition
Access to public transport % of people Share of population with access to a public transport stop
within 500 m
Access to vehicle sharing solutions #/100 000 Number of vehicles available for sharing per 100 000
for city travel inhabitants
Length of bike route network % in km % of bicycle paths and lanes in relation to the length of
streets (excluding motorways)
Access to public amenities % of people Share of population with access to at least one type of
public amenity within 500 m
Access to commercial amenities
% of people Share of population with access to at least six types of
commercial amenities providing goods for daily use within
500 m
Access to high speed internet # Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Access to public free WiFi % of m² Public space Wi-Fi coverage
Flexibility in delivery services Likert The extent to which there is flexibility in delivery services

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11 ETSI TS 103 463 V1.1.1 (2017-07)
4.2.4 Education
Table 4
Indicator title Indicator unit Definition
Access to educational resources
Likert The extent to which the city provides easy access (either
physically or digitally) to a wide coverage of educational
resources
Environmental education % of schools The percentage of schools with environmental education
programs
Digital literacy
% of people Percentage of target group reached

4.2.5 Diversity and social cohesion
No indicators identified at city level.
4.2.6 Quality of housing and the built environment
Table 5
Indicator title Indicator unit Definition
Diversity of housing types Simpson D
...