ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)

Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Peer-to-Peer Digital Private Mobile Radio using FDMA with a channel spacing of 6,25 kHz with e.r.p. of up to 500 mW

RTS/ERM-TGDMR-306

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Feb-2013
• Technical Committee: ERM TGDMR - Digital Mobile Radio
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 11-Mar-2013
• Completion Date: 26-Feb-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical Specification
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Peer-to-Peer Digital Private Mobile Radio using FDMA
with a channel spacing of 6,25 kHz with e.r.p. of up to 500 mW

2 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)

Reference
RTS/ERM-TGDMR-306
Keywords
air interface, digital, FDMA, PMR, protocol, radio
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: [phone]  Fax: [phone]

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2013.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 6
Foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Overview . . 10
4.1 Protocol architecture. 11
4.1.1 Air Interface Physical Layer (layer 1). 11
4.1.2 Air Interface Data Link Layer (layer 2) . 12
4.1.3 Air Interface Call Control Layer (layer 3) . 12
4.2 FDMA Structure . 12
4.2.1 Overview of the transmission structure . 12
4.2.2 Transmission format . 13
4.2.3 Transmission sequences . 13
5 Frame coding . 16
5.1 Superframe . 16
5.2 Header frame . 17
5.3 End frame . 17
5.4 Packet data header . 17
5.5 ACK frame . 18
5.6 Frame numbering . 19
5.7 Communication mode . 19
5.8 Communication format . 19
5.9 SLD format . 19
5.9.1 Slow data in the voice superframe . 19
5.9.2 Slow data field use with Type 1 or 2 data . 20
5.10 Call information . 21
5.10.1 Call Information for powersave . 21
5.10.2 Call Information for Types 1 and 2 data . 21
5.10.3 Call Information for Type 3 (packet) data . 22
5.10.4 Call Information for system transactions . 23
5.10.5 Call Information for acknowledgements . 23
5.11 Header type . 23
5.12 End type . 24
5.13 ARQ . 24
5.14 Tx Wait . 24
5.15 Status . 25
5.16 Version [V] . 25
6 Synchronization . 25
6.1 Frame synchronization . 25
6.1.1 FS1 . 25
6.1.2 FS2 . 25
6.1.3 FS3 . 26
6.1.4 FS4 . 26
6.1.5 Channel code . 26
6.1.6 Preamble . 27
7 Interleaving and FEC coding . 28
ETSI
4 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
7.1 Di-bit coding . 28
7.2 CRC addition . 28
7.3 Hamming code . 28
7.4 Scrambling . 28
7.5 Interleaving. 29
7.6 FEC coding of CCH (superframe) . 30
7.7 FEC coding of HI (header information) . 30
7.8 FEC coding of END information . 31
8 Bearer services, tele-services and supplementary services . 31
8.1 Initial mode . 31
8.1.1 Initial addressing . 31
8.1.1.1 Common ID. 31
8.1.1.2 Fixed part of address . 32
8.1.2 ISF channel codes . 32
8.2 Configured mode . 32
8.2.1 Call types . 33
8.2.1.1 Individual call . 33
8.2.1.2 Group call . 33
8.2.2 Addressing . 33
8.2.3 CSF channel codes . 33
8.3 Packet data. 33
8.3.1 Format . 33
8.3.2 Receiving party . 34
8.3.3 Packet frame coding. 34
8.3.4 Data frame size . 35
8.3.5 Valid data length . 35
8.3.6 Data checksum . 35
9 Channel coding process . 36
9.1 Voice superframe . 37
9.2 Type 1 data superframe . 40
9.3 Type 2 Data superframe . 42
9.4 Type 3 (Packet) Data frame . 43
9.5 Headers . 45
9.6 End frames. 46
10 Channel access . 47
10.1 Listen Before Transmit (LBT) . 47
10.2 Hang time messages and timers . 48
10.2.1 Definition . 48
10.2.2 Action by receiving stations. 48
10.2.3 Break-in requests . 48
10.3 Call duration timers . 48
10.4 Transmit admit criteria . 48
10.4.1 General admit criteria . 48
10.4.2 ISF admit criteria . 49
10.4.3 CSF admit criteria . 49
10.5 Transmission re-tries . 49
10.6 Channel access timers and constants . 49
10.6.1 Timers . 49
10.6.2 Constants . 50
11 Powersave . 50
11.1 Transmitted format . 50
11.2 Receive format . 51
12 Physical Layer . 51
12.1 General parameters . 51
12.1.1 Frequency range . 51
12.1.2 RF carrier bandwidth . 51
12.1.3 Transmit frequency error . 51
12.1.4 Time base clock drift error . 51
12.2 Modulation . 51
ETSI
5 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
12.2.1 Symbols . 51
12.2.2 4FSK generation . 52
12.2.2.1 Deviation index . 52
12.2.2.2 Square root raised cosine filter . 53
12.2.2.3 4FSK Modulator . 54
Annex A (normative): Standard User Interface for CSF radios . 55
A.1 Numbering and dialling plan . 55
A.1.1 Introduction to the numbering and dialling plan . 55
A.2 Subscriber mapping . 56
A.2.1 User Interface - Air Interface . 56
A.2.1.1 Mapping for MS address space . 57
A.2.1.1.1 The concept of the wildcard character . 57
A.2.1.1.2 The concept of stored parameters . 57
A.2.1.1.3 The concept of ad-hoc arrangement . 57
A.2.1.1.4 The rules for the sender . 57
A.2.1.1.5 The rules for the recipient . 58
A.2.1.1.6 Mapping of dialled strings to the AI address space . 58
A.2.1.1.6.1 Mapping of numeric dialled strings to the AI address space . 58
A.2.2 Addresses . 59
A.2.3 Conversion rules . 59
A.2.3.1 MS addresses . 59
A.2.3.2 Limiting the length of the destination address . 60
A.2.3.3 All talkgroup address . 60
A.3 User dialling plan . 60
A.3.1 User numbering . 60
A.3.1.1 Dialling method . 60
A.3.1.2 Call Type determination . 60
A.3.1.3 Call modifier strings . 61
A.3.2 Dialled digits to address mapping . 61
A.3.3 Storage requirements . 61
A.3.3.1 MS individual address . 61
A.3.3.2 Dialled Talkgroups . 62
A.3.3.3 All MSs . 62
A.3.3.4 Non-dialable numbers . 62
A.3.3.5 Talkgroup recognition. 62
A.3.3.5.1 All numeric talkgroups . 62
A.3.3.5.2 Talkgroups defined by wildcards . 62
A.3.3.5.3 MS receives a talkgroup call . 63
A.3.4 Dialling procedures . 63
A.3.4.1 MS calls . 63
A.3.4.1.1 Seven digit dialling . 63
A.3.4.1.2 Abbreviated dialling . 63
A.3.4.1.3 Masked dialling . 64
A.3.4.2 Call modifiers . 64
A.3.4.2.1 Broadcast call . 65
A.3.4.2.2 Status call . 65
A.3.4.2.3 Force talkgroup service . 65
A.3.4.3 Call set-up abandon or call complete . 65
History . 66

ETSI
6 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
ETSI
7 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
1 Scope
The present document covers digital private mobile radio equipment operating in peer-to- peer mode only.
The equipment is based on FDMA with channel spacing of 6,25 kHz supporting voice and data applications.
It covers only hand portable equipment complying with EN 301 166-2 [1] and having an integral antenna.
This equipment is for use:
i) In accordance with ECC/DEC/(05)12 [i.1] on harmonized frequencies, technical characteristics, exemption
from individual licensing and free carriage and use of digital PMR 446 applications operating in the frequency
band 446,100 MHz to 446,200 MHz.
NOTE 1: The technical requirements for Digital PMR 446 included in ECC/DEC/(05)12 [2] are: operation in the
frequency range 446,100 MHz to 446,200 MHz, maximum e.r.p. of 500 mW, and a maximum transmitter
time-out-time of 180 seconds.
ii) In the frequency band 149,01875 MHz to 149,11875 MHz under exemption from individual licensing.
NOTE 2: These requirements are: maximum e.r.p.of 500 mW, and a maximum transmitter time-out-time
of 180 seconds.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI EN 301 166-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Land
Mobile Service; Radio equipment for analogue and/or digital communication (speech and/or data)
and operating on narrow band channels and having an antenna connector; Part 2: Harmonized EN
covering essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
[2] Void.
[3] ETSI ETS 300 230: "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Land mobile service; Binary
Interchange of Information and Signalling (BIIS) at 1200 bit/s (BIIS 1 200)".
[4] MPT 1327 (June 1997): "A Signalling Standard for Trunked Private Land Mobile Radio Systems".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] CEPT ECC/DEC/(05)12: "ECC Decision of 28 October 2005 on harmonized frequencies,
technical characteristics, exemption from individual licensing and free carriage and use of digital
PMR 446 applications operating in the frequency band 446.1-446.2 MHz".
ETSI
8 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
bearer service: type of telecommunication service that provides the capability for the information transfer between user
network interfaces, involving only low layer functions (layers 1 to 3 of the OSI model)
NOTE: Confirmed Data and Unconfirmed Data are examples of bearer services.
burst: short duration RF signal that may cause interference to a dPMR transmission item
call: complete sequence of related transactions between radios
NOTE: Transactions may be one or more items containing specific call related information.
Configured Services and Facilities (CSF): those functions available in the radio after re-programming
Control plane (C-plane): part of the protocol stack dedicated to control and data services
feature: attribute intrinsic to a station, e.g. MS has an address
Handportable Station (HS): physical grouping that contains all of the mobile equipment that is used to obtain dPMR
mobile services and operating with an integral antenna
initial services and facilities: those functions available in the radio at point of sale (out-of-the box functions)
late entry: where receiving stations that have missed the start of a transmission are able to recover all information about
the call from data that is interspersed within each superframe
logical channel: distinct data path between logical endpoints
payload: bits in the information field
peer-to-peer mode: mode of operation where radios may communicate outside the control of a network
NOTE: This is communication technique where any radio unit may communicate with one or more other radio
units without the need for any additional equipment (e.g. BS).
personalization: address and configuration information that characterizes a particular dPMR HS
NOTE: This information may be implanted by the installer before putting an HS into service.
physical channel: FDMA transmission
polite protocol: Listen Before Transmit (LBT) protocol
NOTE: This is a medium access protocol that implements a LBT function in order to ensure that the channel is
free before transmitting.
prefix: most significant digit of a HS address in the user domain
Protocol Data Unit (PDU): unit of information consisting of protocol control information (signalling) and possibly
user data exchanged between peer protocol layer entities
radio frequency channel: radio frequency carrier (RF carrier)
NOTE: This is a specified portion of the RF spectrum. The RF carrier separation is 6,25 kHz.
Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI): root mean squared value of the signal received at the receiver antenna
signalling: exchange of information specifically concerned with the establishment and control of connections, and with
management, in a telecommunication network
ETSI
9 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
simplex: mode of working by which information can be transferred in both directions but not at the same time
NOTE: Simplex is also known as half duplex.
superframe: four concatenated FDMA frames
NOTE: A superframe has a length of 320 ms.
supplementary service: supplementary service modifies or supplements a tele-service or bearer service
NOTE: Consequently, it cannot be offered to a user as a standalone service. It is offered together with or in
association with a tele-service or bearer service. The same supplementary service may be common to a
number of telecommunication services. Late entry is an example of supplementary service.
telecommunication service: offered by a dPMR entity in order to satisfy a specific telecommunication requirement
tele-service: type of telecommunication service that provides the complete capability, including terminal equipment
functions, for communication between users
NOTE: Individual voice calls and group voice calls are examples of tele-services.
user numbering: decimal representation of dPMR air interface addresses, as seen by the user, i.e. user visible
numbering
User plane (U-plane): part of the protocol stack dedicated to user voice services
vocoder socket: 216 bits vocoder payload
wildcard: character in the user domain that represents all digits 0 to 9
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B algorithm that converts HS dialable talkgroup addresses between the User Interface and the Air
Interface
dBm absolute power level relative to 1 mW, expressed in dB
dBp power relative to the average power transmitted during an item in deciBel
Eb Energy per bit
No Noise per Hz
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
4FSK Four-level Frequency Shift Keying
ACK ACKnowledgment
AI Air Interface
ARQ Automatic Retransmission reQuest
CC Channel Code
CCH Control CHannel
CCL Call Control Layer
CI Call Information
CM Communications Mode
Cont Continuation flag
C-plane Control-plane
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Checksum for data error detection
CRC-D Cyclic Redundancy Check - Data field
CSF Configured Services and Facilities
CTCSS Continuous Tone Carrier Squelch System
Di-bit 2 bits grouped together to represent a 4-level symbol
DLL Data Link Layer
DP Data Position
ETSI
10 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
dPMR digital Private Mobile Radio
e.r.p. effective radiated power
ESN Electronic Serial Number
ET End Type
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FEC Forward Error Correction
FN Frame Numbering
FS Frame Sync
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
HI Header Information
HS Handportable Station
HSs Handheld Station
HT Header Type
ID IDentifier
IP Internet Protocol
ISF Initial Services and Facilities
LBT Listen Before Transmit
MFID Manufacturer's FID
MMI Man Machine Interface
MS Mobile Station
MSB Most Significant Bit
NACK Negative ACKnowledgment
OACSU Off Air Call Set Up
OSI Open System Interconnection
PAR Parameter data
PDF Packet Data Format
pdM Number of packet data frames
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PL Physical Layer
PMR Private Mobile Radio
PTT Push-To-Talk
RF Radio Frequency
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
SF SuperFrame
SLD SLow Data
SYNC SYNChronization
TBD To Be Done
TCH Traffic CHannel
U-plane User-plane
4 Overview
The present document describes a narrow band Digital Private Mobile Radio system which employs a Frequency
Division Multiple Access (FDMA) technology with an RF carrier bandwidth of 6,25 kHz.
The present document describes the Physical Layer (PL) and the Data Link Layer (DLL) of the Air Interface (AI) as
well as the standardized services and facilities of the radio. Radio equipments which conform to the present document
shall be interoperable at the PL and DLL with equipment from other manufacturers.
The present document describes 2 levels of functionality (services and facilities) that can be offered by the equipment.
For the purposes of interoperability, a basic level of services and facilities (ISF) is defined along with a simplified mode
of addressing such that all radios will be capable of interoperating without the need for any set-up or programming at
the point of sale. An advanced level of services and facilities (CSF) is also defined for those equipments that can be re-
programmed to offer a higher level of functionality.
Where manufacturers have declared compliance to the "Standard User Interface" for CSF radios, the MMI shall also
comply with the relevant requirements of annex A.
The present document does not provide the specification or operational detail for system implementations which include
but are not limited to, vocoder, security, data, and other interfaces.
ETSI
11 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
4.1 Protocol architecture
The purpose of this clause is to provide a model where the different functions and processes are identified and allocated
to different layers in the protocol stack.
The protocol stack in this clause and all other related clauses describe and specify the interfaces, but this stack does not
imply or restrict any implementation.
The protocol architecture which is defined herein follows the generic layered structure, which is accepted for reference
description and specification of layered communication architectures.
The standard defines the protocols for the following 3 layered model as shown in figure 1.
The base of the protocol stack is the Physical Layer (PL) which is the layer 1.
The Data Link Layer (DLL), which is the layer 2, shall handle sharing of the medium by a number of users. At the
DLL, the protocol stack shall be divided vertically into two parts, the User plane (U-plane), for transporting information
without addressing capability (e.g. voice or data stream), and the Control plane (C-plane) for signalling with addressing
capability, as illustrated by figure 1.
The Call Control Layer (CCL), which is layer 3, lies in the C-plane and is responsible for control of the call (addressing,
facilities, etc.), provides the services supported by the radio, and supports the Data Service. U-plane access at
layer 2 (DLL) supports voice service.
Control plane
User plane
Call Control information
Voice payload
Intrinsic services
Data call control
Data payload
AI Layer 3
Call Control Layer
AI Layer 2
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
AI Layer 1
Figure 1: Protocol stack
4.1.1 Air Interface Physical Layer (layer 1)
The Air Interface layer 1 shall be the physical interface. It shall deal with the physical transmission, composed of bits,
which is to be sent and/or received. The Physical Layer is described in clause 12. The Air Interface layer 1 shall contain
the following functions:
• modulation and demodulation;
• transmitter and receiver switching;
• RF characteristics;
• bits and symbol definition;
• frequency and symbol synchronization;
• transmission item building.
ETSI
12 ETSI TS 102 490 V1.7.1 (2013-02)
4.1.2 Air Interface Data Link Layer (layer 2)
The Air Interface layer 2 shall handle logical connections and shall hide the physical medium from the upper layers.
The Data Link Layer is described in clauses 7 to 10.
The main functions are as follows:
• channel coding (FEC, CRC);
• interleaving, de-interleaving and bit ordering;
• acknowledgement and retry mechanism;
• media access control and channel management;
• framing, superframe building and synchronization;
• transmission and parameter definition;
• link addressing (source and/or destination);
• interfacing of voice applications (vocoder data) with the PL;
• data bearer services;
• exchanging signalling and/or user data with the CCL.
4.1.3 Air Interface Call Control Layer (layer 3)
Air Interface layer 3 (CCL) is applicable only to the C-plane, and shall be an entity for the services and facilities
supported by the radio on top of the layer 2 functionality.
The CCL provides the following functions:
• establishing, maintaining and terminating of calls;
• individual or group call transmission and reception;
• destination addressing;
• support of intrinsic services (late entry, call divert, etc.);
• data call control.
4.2 FDMA Structure
4.2.1 Overview of the transmission structure
The described solution is based on a FDMA structure.
All transmissions are asynchronous, since there is no entity to provide frame or slot timing.
The physical resource available to the radio system is an allocation of the radio spectrum.
A transmission item is a period of RF carrier that is modulated by a data stream. The physical channel of an FDMA
transmission is required to support the logical channels.
A logical channel is defined as a logical communication pathway between two or more parties. The logical channels
represent the interface between the protocol and the radio subsystem. The logical channels may be separated into two
categories:
• the traffic channels carrying speech or data information; and
ETSI
----------------------
...