ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)

Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Definitions and abbreviations

DTR/RRS-00003

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Jun-2013
• Technical Committee: RRS - Reconfigurable Radio Systems
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 19-Jun-2013
• Completion Date: 07-Jun-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical Report
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS);
Definitions and abbreviations
2 ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)

Reference
DTR/RRS-00003
Keywords
CR, SDR
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ETSI
3 ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 5
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 5
3.1 Definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviations . 11
History . 19

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4 ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS).
Introduction
The present document defines the basic definitions and abbreviations as required by ETSI Technical Committee
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS) to produce RRS deliverables.
The purpose of the present document is primarily to give guidance to the rapporteurs in the preparation of their
documents, and to assist the usability of these documents through the use of consistent terminology. Furthermore it is
intended to align, as far as possible, the definitions and abbreviations with the corresponding ones from ITU and make
them available within ETSI for other Technical Committees, membership and clients.
The definitions and abbreviations given are not intended to be exclusive. Other definitions and abbreviations different
from those given here may be found in some documents produced by TC RRS. However, the definitions given in the
present document are generally to be preferred.
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5 ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)
1 Scope
The scope of the present document is to provide definitions and abbreviations as they are used in deliverables prepared
by the ETSI RRS Technical Committee.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
Not applicable.
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Report Recommendation ITU-R SM.2152 (2009): "Definitions of Software Defined Radio (SDR)
and Cognitive Radio System (CRS)".
[i.2] ETSI TS 125 304: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); User Equipment
(UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode
(3GPP TS 25.304)".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
application processor: part of mobile device hardware working under OS control and on which User Applications,
among others, are executed
baseband interface: interface consisting of a Radio Application Interface (RAI) and a Context Information Interface
(CII)
NOTE: RAI is for baseband signal processing and CII is for transferring the context information to monitor. BBI
includes:
1) function block definition of radio application;
2) interface among the function blocks;
3) interface between RC and each of corresponding function block(s).
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camping on a cell: having completed the cell selection/reselection process and having chosen a cell
NOTE 1: In the framework of 3GPP, this term is defined in TS 125 304 [i.2] as follows: "UE has completed the cell
selection/reselection process and has chosen a cell. The UE monitors system information and (in most
cases) paging information".
NOTE 2: In addition to the context defined in 3GPP, the term "Camping" is here also used in the context of any
type of association to any other wireless system, such as WiFi, etc.
cognitive control channel: distributed approach for real time communication between different CRS nodes in
a specific geographical area
NOTE 1: Cognitive control channel may enable different CRS nodes to exchange information related to
coexistence, generic spectrum usage rules or policies and/or specific capabilities and needs of different
nodes. The information communicated on cognitive control channel may include, among other things,
spectrum etiquette, rules for accessing specific bands, local availability of different bands, sensing
information, available applications, or spectrum needs of different systems.
NOTE 2: Typically, a cognitive control channel is implemented as a logical channel between nodes belonging to a
same cognitive control network.
cognitive control network: network of nodes in different cognitive radio networks communicating with each other for
controlling the frequency agile behaviour among the set of cognitive radio networks
cognitive control radio: radio (technology) designed to carry cognitivity control informaton between cognitive control
network nodes
cognitive pilot channel: channel which conveys the elements of necessary information facilitating the operations of
Cognitive Radio Systems
cognitive radio: radio, which has the following capabilities:
• to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage
patterns and users' needs;
• to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this knowledge
in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g. more efficient utilization of spectrum; and
• to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
cognitive radio system: radio system employing technology that allows the system to obtain knowledge of its
operational and geographical environment, established policies and its internal state; to dynamically and autonomously
adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to its obtained knowledge in order to achieve predefined
objectives; and to learn from the results obtained
NOTE: This is the current definition as given is [i.1].
communication services layer: layer related to communication services supporting generic applications
NOTE: Communication services layer supports generic applications like Internet access. In the present document,
it consists of Administrator, Mobility Policy Manager (MPM), Networking stack and Monitor.
configcodes: result of compiling source codes of Radio Application (RA), which is either configuration codes of Radio
Virtual Machine (RVM) or executable codes for a particular target platform
NOTE: In the case when RA provider makes a high level code based on a target platform, a result of compiling
RA source codes is configcodes which is executable on the target platform. In the other case, when RA
provider makes a high level code without considering a target platform, a result of front-end compiling of
RA source codes is Intermediate Representation (IR) which should be back-end compiled for operating
on a specific target platform.
context information: cross-technology context information
NOTE 1: The availability and selected inherent operational parameters of heterogeneous Radio Access
Technologies (RATs) is an example.
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7 ETSI TR 102 945 V1.1.1 (2013-06)
NOTE 2: The term does not address 3GPP specific context information which is assumed not to be available for the
SDR Reference Architecture inherent decision making.
digital dividend: "leftover" frequencies resulting from the change of TV broadcasting from analogue to digital
transmission schemes.
driver: set of software components that includes installer, loader, back-end compiler or full compiler (if necessary),
standard function block pool (if necessary), and any other components needed for setting up and running radio
application(s)
NOTE: A driver provides the following functions as well:
1) enabling RC, which operates in application processor mostly in non real-time, to access each of
corresponding function block(s) operating in baseband processor in real-time;
2) back-end compiler for translating platform-independent IR into vendor assembly in the case of
using platform independent IR for user defined function block;
3) full compiler for compiling source code into vendor assembly in the case of using source code for
user defined function block;
4) installer for storing radio application package to storage device such as flash memory;
5) loader for loading RC code to application processor; and
6) loader for loading function block(s) code to baseband processor.
A driver which is provided by a modem chip manufacturer is prepared in application processor and
includes standard function blocks needed for the configuration of various radio applications. During the
configuration of radio application, RC is loaded in application processor and standard function blocks and
user defined function blocks are loaded in baseband processor in accordance with the contents of
metadata. It particularly means that Driver includes two loaders: one is to load RC in application
processor and the other is to load the function blocks in baseband processor. Although there are varieties
of modem chip vendors each of which has its own architecture and functioning in baseband processor, the
RC which operates in application processor can access each of corresponding function block(s) in
baseband processor using the driver which is provided in compliance with BBI by the modem chip
vendor.
function block: each modem function needed for real-time implementation of radio application(s)
NOTE: A function block includes not only the modem functions in Layer1 (L1), L2, and L3 but also all the
control functions that should be processed in real-time for implementing given radio application(s).
Function block is categorized into standard function block and user defined function block. In more
details:
1) Standard function block can be shared by many radio applications. For example, Forward Error
Correction (FEC), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)/Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT),
(de)interleaver, Turbo coding, Viterbi coding, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO),
Beamforming, etc are the typical category of standard function block.
2) User defined function block includes those function blocks that are dependent upon a specific radio
application. It is used to support special function(s) required in a specific radio application or to
support a special algorithm used for performance improvement. In addition, the user defined
function block can be used as baseband controller function block which is to control the function
blocks operating in baseband processor in real-time and to control some context information that
are to be processed in real-time such as Channel State Information (CSI).
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intermediate representation: code obtained as a result of compiling high level code with front-end compiler
NOTE: An intermediate representation is a non-executable code and independent of baseband processor. It is a
structural and behavioural representation of radio application code. Since a user defined function block
should be used in every kind of modem chip, user defined function block in radio application package is
provided in IR in mid- or long-term scenario. The reason why user defined function block is to be
provided in IR instead of executable code is to resolve the portability problem existing in executable
code. When user defined function block is provided in IR (platform-independent), the user defined
function block is translated into vendor assembly which is executable in a specific baseband processor
using back-end compiler that is provided by modem chip manufacturer in the driver of application
processor.
mobile device: personal communication device (e.g. mobile phone, PDA, laptop PC etc) capable of communicating by
using one or more radio technologies
mobile network operator: potential user for a specific use case
network management system: network management of one or more Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS)
operator-governed opportunistic network: operator-governed (through the provision of spectrum, policies,
information and knowledge, exploited for its creation), temporary, localised network segment
NOTE: It involves devices organized in an ad-hoc manner, and is terminated at access points (macro base stations,
femto base stations) of the infrastructure. An opportunistic network is set up as a temporary, coordinated
extension of the infrastructure with the aim to improve the coverage and capacity of the infrastructure
network.
opportunistic network: network which exploits opportunities with respect to the spectrum and the devices in the area.
Program Making and Special Events (PMSE): equipment that is used to support broadcasting and special events in
general
NOTE 1: Special events include culture events, concerts, sport events, conferences, trade fairs etc.
NOTE 2: These devices operate in different frequency bands. In the present document we focus on devices using
the band 470 - 862 MHz, also referred to as professional wireless microphone systems.
public safety organization: organization which is responsible for the prevention and protection from events that could
endanger the safety of the general public
NOTE: Such events could be natural or man-made. Example of Public Safety organizations are police,
fire-fighters and others.
radio application: software application executing in software defined radio equipment
NOTE 1: Radio application is typically designed to use certain radio frequency band(s) and it includes agreed
schemes for multiple access, modulation, channel and data coding as well as control protocols for all
radio layers needed to maintain user data links between adjacent radio equipments, which run the same
radio application.
NOTE 2: Radio application typically enforces RVM or particular radio platform to generate the transmit RF signals
or decode the receive RF signals.
NOTE 3: Radio Applications might have different forms of representation. They are represented as:
source codes including Radio Library calls of Radio Library native implementation and Radio HAL
calls;
IR including Radio Library calls of Radio Library native implementation and Radio HAL calls;
executable codes for particular radio platform.
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radio application package: package containing Radio Controller (RC) code, user defined function block code, and
metadata needed for setting up and running radio application(s)
NOTE: RC code is downloaded into application processor while the user defined function block is downloaded
into baseband processor in accordance with the contents of the metadata. Metadata indicate which
function blocks are to be combined in what order for implementing given radio application(s) in the
baseband processor.
radio control framework: control framework which, as a part of OS, extends OS capabilities in terms of radio
resource management
NOTE: RCF is a control framework which consists of Configuration Manager (CM), Radio Connection Manager
(RCM), Flow Controller (FC) and Multiradio Controller (MRC). The Resource Manager (RM) is
typically part of OS.
radio controller: software component performing the following functions:
1) transferring context information from corresponding function block(s) in baseband processor to monitor;
2) transferring receive user data packet from Medium Access Control (MAC) buffer to networking stack; and
3) transferring transmit source data packet from networking stack to MAC buffer.
NOTE: An RC performs also upper layer processing of radio application that operates in non real-time. The
monitor, to which the context information is transferred, denotes an application that uses the context
information in non real-time such as Mobility Policy Manager (MPM). An RC, which operates in
application processor in non real-time, can access function block, which operates in baseband processor
in real-time, through driver which is prepared in application processor.
radio equipment: equipment using radio technology
radio lib: library of Standard Function Block (SFB)
NOTE 1: SFBs implement reference codes of functions which are typical for radio signal processing. They are not
atomic and their source codes are typed and visible for Radio Application developers.
NOTE 2: SFB is implemented through Radio HAL when the SFB is to be implemented on dedicated HW
accelerators.
NOTE 3: Radio HAL is part of ROS.
radio network: network of radio equipments communicating with each other by using a common radio technology
NOTE: Typically a radio network has both control plane and user plane with their own protocols. A radio
network may also be subject to radio network management by an external network management system;
in this case a third plane of protocols, management plane is used for communicating network
management information.
radio operating system: any appropriate OS empowered by RCF
NOTE: ROS provides RCF capabilities as well as traditional management capabilities related to management of
radio
...