ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)

Human Factors (HF); Functional needs of people with cognitive disabilities when using mobile ICT devices for an improved user experience in mobile ICT devices

DTR/HF-00151

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 01-Dec-2016
• Technical Committee: HF - Human Factors
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 13-Dec-2016
• Completion Date: 02-Dec-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Human Factors (HF);
Functional needs of people with cognitive disabilities
when using mobile ICT devices for an improved user
experience in mobile ICT devices

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2 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)



Reference
DTR/HF-00151

Keywords
accessibility, ageing, cognitive, disability, ICT, inclusive design,
mobile, usability, usage needs
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3 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
Contents
Contents . 3
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword. 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction and how to use the present document . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 9
4 Background and approach . 10
5 Cognitive impairments and diagnoses . 11
5.1 Introduction. 11
5.2 Dementia and Alzheimer fact sheet . 11
5.3 Intellectual impairments fact sheet . 14
5.4 Aphasia fact sheet . 15
5.5 Speech and Language Impairments fact sheet . 15
5.6 Autism Disorder fact sheet . 17
5.7 Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder fact sheet . 19
5.8 Dyslexia fact sheet . 20
5.9 Dyscalculia fact sheet . 21
6 Classification of usage needs when using mobile ICT . 21
6.1 Introduction. 21
6.2 List of usage needs . 21
6.3 Attention-related usage needs . 23
6.3.1 Introduction . 23
6.3.2 Focusing attention: usage with limited ability to focus attention . 24
6.3.3 Directing attention: usage with limited ability to direct attention . 24
6.3.4 Shifting attention: usage with limited ability to shift attention . 24
6.4 Reading-related usage needs . 25
6.4.1 Introduction . 25
6.4.2 Reading: usage with no ability to read . 26
6.4.3 Recognising written language: usage with limited ability to recognize written language . 26
6.4.4 Comprehending written language: usage with limited ability to comprehend written language . 26
6.5 Writing-related usage needs . 27
6.5.1 Introduction . 27
6.5.2 Writing: usage with no ability to write . 28
6.5.3 Writing correctly: usage with limited ability to correctly write words and use punctuation . 28
6.5.4 Producing written language: usage with limited ability to produce written language . 28
6.6 Calculating-related usage needs . 29
6.6.1 Introduction . 29
6.6.2 Calculating: usage with no ability to calculate . 30
6.6.3 Understanding simple maths: usage with limited ability to understand simple mathematical concepts . 30
6.7 Decision making-related usage needs . 30
6.7.1 Introduction . 30
6.7.2 Making choices: usage with limited ability to make a choice among options. 31
6.7.3 Interpreting effects of choices: usage with limited ability to interpret the effects of choices taken . 32
6.8 Usage needs related to undertaking tasks . 32
6.8.1 Introduction . 32
6.8.2 Initiating a task: usage with limited ability to initiate a task . 37
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4 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
6.8.3 Organising for a task: usage with limited ability to get organised time for a task . 37
6.8.4 Carrying out a task: usage with limited ability to carry out a task . 37
6.8.5 Completing a task: usage with limited ability to complete a task . 38
6.8.6 Managing time: usage with limited ability to manage time . 38
6.8.7 Adapting to time demands: usage with limited ability to adapt to time related events and tasks . 38
6.9 Usage needs related to receiving speech . 39
6.9.1 Introduction . 39
6.9.2 Receiving spoken language: usage with no ability to receive spoken language . 39
6.9.3 Understanding spoken language: usage with limited ability to understand spoken language . 40
6.10 Usage needs related to receiving non-verbal messages . 40
6.10.1 Introduction . 40
6.10.2 Understanding body gestures: usage with limited or no ability to understand body gestures . 41
6.10.3 Understanding symbols: usage with limited or no ability to understand symbols . 41
6.10.4 Understanding drawings and photographs: usage with limited or no ability to understand drawings
and photographs . 42
6.11 Usage needs related to speaking . 42
6.11.1 Introduction . 42
6.11.2 Speaking: usage with limited or no ability to speak . 42
6.12 Usage needs related to producing non-verbal messages . 43
6.12.1 Introduction . 43
6.12.2 Producing gestures: usage with limited or no ability to produce gestures . 43
6.13 Usage needs related to memory . 44
6.13.1 Introduction . 44
6.13.2 Recalling from short-term memory: usage with limited ability to produce short-term memory . 45
6.13.3 Recalling from long-term memory: usage with limited long-term memory. 45
6.14 Usage needs related to using communication devices and techniques. 45
Annex A: ICF-related cognitive activities and functions . 47
A.1 Introduction. 47
A.2 Cognitive-related activities . 47
A.2.1 Introduction . 47
A.2.2 Learning and applying knowledge . 47
A.2.3 General tasks and demands . 48
A.2.4 Communication . 49
A.3 Cognitive-related functions . 50
A.3.1 Introduction . 50
A.3.2 Global mental functions . 50
A.3.3 Specific mental functions . 51
Annex B: Bibliography . 53
History . 54


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5 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Human Factors (HF).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction and how to use the present document
Individuals with cognitive impairments can benefit significantly with the proper use of ICT mobile devices; however,
they can face many challenges when using mobile ICT devices and their applications.
Although there are significant publications (from standardisation bodies as well as from published research) that
examine the functional needs of people with physical and sensory impairments on the use of Mobile ICT, there is very
limited relevant work on the needs of people with cognitive impairments.
In this respect, the present document aims to describe the functional needs of people with limited cognitive, language
and learning abilities in effectively using mobile ICT devices. Research studies and scientific papers along with
familiarisation with the cognitive impairments form the basis for identifying relevant usage needs.
The present document contains design guidelines for mobile devices and applications that will enable persons with
limited cognitive, language and learning abilities (e.g. people with age-related cognitive impairments) to have an
improved user experience when using mobile ICT devices and applications. The usage needs in the present document
complement already identified usage needs such as those in documents in the references clause.
The present document supplements ETSI EG 203 350: "Guidelines for the design of mobile ICT devices and their
related applications for people with cognitive disabilities" [i.1] that contains design guidelines for mobile devices and
applications that will enable persons with cognitive impairments to have an improved user experience when using
mobile ICT devices and applications.

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6 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
1 Scope
The present document contains a classification and analysis of usage needs of persons with limited cognitive, language
and learning abilities (generically and historically referred to as "cognitive impairments"). It describes their functional
needs for an improved user experience when using mobile ICT devices and applications.
The present document is the basis for the development of design guidelines for mobile ICT devices and applications
ETSI EG 203 350: "Human Factors (HF); Guidelines for the design of mobile ICT devices and their related applications
for people with cognitive disabilities" [i.1] that enables people with cognitive impairments to obtain the maximum
benefit from the use of mobile ICT.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI EG 203 350: "Human Factors (HF); Guidelines for the design of mobile ICT devices and
their related applications for people with cognitive disabilities".
[i.2] Alzheimer Disease, National Institute on Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral
Center.
NOTE: Available at www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet.
[i.3] Alzheimer's Association. (2014). 2014 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimer's &
Dementia, 10(2), e47-e92.
[i.4] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.
[i.5] American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Aphasia.
NOTE: Available at
www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589934663§ion=Incidence_and_Prevalence.
[i.6] American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Childhood Fluency Disorders.
NOTE: Available at
http://www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589935336§ion=Incidence_and_Prevalence.
[i.7] American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Social Communication Disorders in School -
Age Children.
NOTE: Available at
http://www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589934980§ion=Incidence_and_Prevalence.
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7 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
[i.8] American Speech-Language-Hearing Association: Speech Sound Disorders-Articulation and
Phonology.
NOTE: Available at
http://www.asha.org/PRPSpecificTopic.aspx?folderid=8589935321§ion=Incidence_and_Prevalence.
[i.9] Braddock, D.; Rizzolo, M.; Thompson, M.; Bell, R. Emerging Technologies and Cognitive
Disability. Journal of Special Education Technology, 19 (4), 2004. pp. 49-56.
[i.10] Bölte, S., de Schipper, E., Robison, J. E., Wong, V. C.N., Selb, M., Singhal, N., de Vries, P. J. and
Zwaigenbaum, L. (2014), Classification of Functioning and Impairment: The Development of ICF
Core Sets for Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res, 7: 167-172. doi: 10.1002/aur.1335.
[i.11] Burke, M. (2013). Development of a core set for aphasia using the International Classification of
Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) (Order No. 1541098). Available from ProQuest
Dissertations & Theses Global. (1418261949). Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1418261949?accountid=15299.
[i.12] de Schipper, E., Lundequist, A., Coghill, D., de Vries, P. J., Granlund, M., Holtmann, M., Jonsson,
U., Karande, S., Robison, J. E., Shulman, C., Singhal, N., Tonge, B., Wong, V. C.N.,
Zwaigenbaum, L. and Bölte, S. (2015), Ability and Disability in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A
Systematic Literature Review Employing the International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version. Autism Res. doi: 10.1002/aur.1485.
[i.13] ETSI EN 301 549: "Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products
and services in Europe".
[i.14] ETSI EG 201 013: "Human Factors (HF); Definitions, abbreviations and symbols".
[i.15] Gan, S. M., Tung, L. C., Yeh, C. H., Chang, H. Y., & Wang, C. H. (2013). The ICF-CY-based
structural equation model of factors associated with participation in children with autism.
Developmental neurorehabilitation, 17(1), 24-33.
[i.16] Gan, S. M., Tung, L. C., Yeh, C. Y., & Wang, C. H. (2013). ICF-CY based assessment tool for
children with autism. Disability and rehabilitation, 35(8), 678-685.
[i.17] International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision -
ICD-10 Version:2016.
NOTE: Available at http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en.
[i.18] International Dyslexia Association, Dyslexia Basics.
NOTE: Available at http://eida.org/dyslexia-basics/.
[i.19] ISO/IEC TR 29138-1:2009 "Information technology - Accessibility considerations for people with
disabilities -Part 1:User needs summary".
[i.20] Mayo Clinic, Diseases and Conditions, Down Syndrome.
NOTE: Available at www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/down-syndrome/basics/symptoms/con-20020948.
[i.21] McCormack, J., & Worrall, L. E. (2008). The ICF Body Functions and Structures related to
speech-language pathology. International journal of speech-language pathology, 10(1-2), 9-17.
[i.22] National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Autism Spectrum Disorder fact sheet.
NOTE: Available at www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm.
[i.23] National Resource Center on AD HD, "About ADHD".
NOTE: Available at http://www.chadd.org/Understanding-ADHD/About-ADHD.aspx.
[i.24] OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation - CERI - Dyscalculia Primer and Resource
Guide.
NOTE: Available at http://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/dyscalculiaprimerandresourceguide.htm.
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8 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
[i.25] Riva, S., Antonietti, A., The Application of the ICF Model in specific learning difficulties: A Case
Study, Psychology of Language and Communication 2010, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 37-58.
[i.26] Rowland, C., Fried-Oken, M., Steiner, S. A., Lollar, D., Phelps, R., Simeonsson, R. J., &
Granlund, M. (2012). Developing the ICF-CY for AAC profile and code set for children who rely
on AAC. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 28(1), 21-32.
[i.27] Scherer, M. J., Federici, S., Tiberio, L., Pigliautile, M., Corradi, F., & Meloni, F. (2012). ICF core
set for matching older adults with dementia and technology. Ageing International, 37(4), 414-440.
[i.28] Söderström, S., Pettersson, R., Edlund-Söderström, K., Ganse, G., Holmkvist, E., Westin, O., &
Haglund, L. (2014). Development of a Swedish Comprehensive International Classification of
Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for adult patients with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nordic journal of psychiatry, 68(3), 161-168.
[i.29] U.S. Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health National Institute on
Deafness and other Communicatin Disorders, Fact Sheet Aphasia.
NOTE: Available at https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/sites/default/files/Documents/health/voice/Aphasia6-1-16.pdf.
[i.30] WHO Fact sheet Nr. 362, March 2015, Dementia.
NOTE: Available at www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs362/en/.
[i.31] WHO Genes and Chromosomal diseases, Down Syndrome.
NOTE: Available at www.who.int/genomics/public/geneticdiseases/en/index1.html.
[i.32] World Health Organization. (2007). International classification of functioning, disability and
health: children & youth version: ICF-CY. World Health Organization.
[i.33] Intellectual Disability Factsheet, The American Psychiatric Association, APA 2013.
[i.34] American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: "Definition of Intellectual
Disability".
NOTE: Available at https://aaidd.org/intellectual-disability/definition#.V0tZvpN97Ur.
[i.35] World Health Organization (2001). The World Health Report 2001 - Mental Health: New
Understanding, New Hope. Geneva: 178 pp.
[i.36] Special Olympics - Policy Paper, Health, Well-Being and Opportunity for people with Intellectual
Disability, Global Imperative, "Status and Prospects of Persons with Intellectual Disability.
NOTE: Available at
http://www.specialolympics.org/uploadedFiles/LandingPage/WhatWeDo/Research_Studies_Desciption_
Pages/Policy_Paper_Status_Prospects.pdf.
[i.37] What's the Difference Between a Speech Impairment and a Language Disorder by Ellen Koslo.
NOTE: Available at https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/child-learning-
disabilities/communication-disorders/difference-between-speech-impairment-and-language-disorder.
[i.38] Maja Nørgård Jacobsen M.Sc., Carolyn Ha M.A. & Carla Sharp Ph.D. (2015) A Mentalization-
Based Treatment Approach to Caring for Youth in Foster Care, Journal of Infant, Child, and
Adolescent Psychotherapy, 14:4, 440-454, DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2015.1093921.
NOTE: Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2015.1093921.
[i.39] The Next Big Thing In Design? Less Choice.
NOTE: Available at https://www.fastcodesign.com/3045039/the-next-big-thing-in-design-fewer-choices.
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9 ETSI TR 103 349 V1.1.1 (2016-12)
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in ETSI EG 201 013 [i.14] and the following
apply:
activity: execution of a task or action by an individual
NOTE: Sources: [i.35].
activity limitation: difficulty an individual may have in executing an activity
NOTE: Sources: [i.35].
body function: physiological function of body systems (including psychological systems)
NOTE: Sources: [i.35].
cognitive disability: activity lim
...