ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)

Human Factors (HF); Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); ICT in cars

DTR/HF-00117

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Apr-2010
• Technical Committee: HF - Human Factors
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 12-Apr-2010
• Completion Date: 13-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
Technical Report


Human Factors (HF);
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS);
ICT in cars

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2 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)



Reference
DTR/HF-00117
Keywords
ICT, safety
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3 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 6
Foreword . 6
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 11
3.1 Definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviations . 12
4 Background . 12
4.1 What is "ICT in cars"? . 12
4.2 Previous work on ICT in cars . 13
4.3 Major achievements during the last ten years and identified problems . 13
5 Driver interactions . 14
5.1 Introduction . 14
5.2 Interaction with the car and passengers . 14
5.3 Interaction with the immediate environment . 14
5.4 Interaction with the planned route . 15
6 Human performance issues . 15
6.1 Fundamental issues. 15
6.2 Vision . 15
6.3 Hearing . 16
6.4 Physical performance . 16
6.5 Hand-eye co-ordination . 16
6.6 Attention and distraction . 16
6.7 Cognitive overload . 18
6.7.1 Learning and behavioural adaptations to new driver support systems . 18
6.8 Trust, reliability and accuracy . 19
6.8.1 Sufficient reliance on support systems. 19
6.8.2 Over-reliance on support systems . 19
6.8.3 Trust and privacy . 19
7 User interaction and information management . 20
7.1 Fundamental principles . 20
7.2 Input methods . 21
7.2.1 Alternative input methods . 21
7.2.2 Speech recognition and spoken commands . 22
7.3 Output methods . 22
7.4 Alerting the driver . 23
7.5 Multimodality . 23
7.6 Implementation of the user interaction methods . 23
8 Ways of identifying a car occupant . 24
8.1 Driver recognition . 24
9 ICT Services . 26
9.1 Introduction . 26
9.2 Safety related HMI . 26
9.3 Avoiding conflicts between concurrent actions . 26
9.4 Route related . 27
9.5 Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) . 27
9.5.1 Overview . 27
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4 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
9.5.2 Navigation systems linked to ITS services . 28
9.6 Services not part of the primary driving task. 28
9.7 Commercial and security services . 29
9.8 Services related to emergency situations . 30
9.8.1 Introduction. 30
9.8.2 eCall service. 30
9.8.3 Extended eSafety services . 30
9.9 Nomadic device integration . 30
9.10 Green ICT . 31
10 Personalization . 32
10.1 Current situation . 32
10.2 Ideal situation . 32
10.3 User profiles for personalization . 32
10.4 Service personalization examples . 32
10.4.1 Travel planning and navigation systems . 32
10.4.2 Information from the external environment . 33
10.4.3 Parking assistance . 33
10.4.4 Comfort and entertainment . 33
10.4.5 eSafety services . 33
10.4.6 Maintenance and reminders . 33
10.4.7 Adaptive assistance systems . 33
10.4.8 Green ICT . 34
10.4.9 Information acquisition . 34
11 Service and device integration . 35
11.1 Introduction . 35
11.2 ITS vehicle station communication architecture . 36
11.3 Architectural considerations for the HMI . 39
11.3.1 Introduction. 39
11.3.2 Availability of common interaction interfaces . 39
11.3.3 Human-centred design . 40
11.4 AIDE architecture for an integrated in-vehicle HMI system . 40
11.4.1 Centralized control . 40
11.4.2 Driver vehicle environment . 42
11.4.3 AIDE in other projects . 43
11.5 Benefits of an architecture with centralised control . 43
12 The human in the design loop . 44
12.1 Meeting the user's needs . 44
12.2 A process . 44
12.3 Analysis . 44
12.4 Development . 44
12.5 Test . 45
13 Scenarios . 45
13.1 Travelling to catch a train . 45
13.2 eSafety services . 47
13.3 Parking in cities . 48
13.3.1 Background . 48
13.3.1.1 Targeted parking scenario . 49
13.3.1.2 Assisted parking . 49
13.3.2 The parking in cities use case . 50
13.3.3 Human factors issues . 52
14 Discussions and further work . 52
14.1 The application of personalization . 52
14.2 Alternate user interaction styles for in-car usage . 53
14.3 Need for additional actions . 54
Annex A: Detailed ICT service analysis . 55
A.1 Safety related service examples . 55
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5 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
A.2 Other services . 59
Annex B: Summary of existing work . 64
B.1 Analysis of existing work . 64
B.2 Other projects, standards activities and initiatives analysed . 76
Annex C: ITS . 77
C.1 History of ITS . 77
C.2 What is ITS? . 77
C.3 How can ITS be categorised? . 78
C.4 ITS Service Domains, Service Groups and Service Types . 79
C.4.1 Traveller Information . 80
C.4.2 Traffic Management and Operations . 80
C.4.3 Vehicle Services . 80
C.4.4 Freight Transport and Logistics . 81
C.4.5 Public Transport . 81
C.4.6 Emergency . 81
C.4.7 Transport-related Electronic Payment . 82
C.4.8 Road Transport Related Personal Safety . 82
C.4.9 Weather and environmental conditions monitoring. 82
C.4.10 Disaster response management and coordination . 82
C.4.11 National security . 83
C.4.12 ITS Data Management . 83
C.5 Other Views of ITS Services . 83
C.5.1 Services to Drivers . 83
C.5.1.1 Driver/User Information Services . 84
C.5.1.2 Driver Assistance Services . 84
C.5.1.3 Collaborative Driver Assistance Services . 84
C.5.1.4 Collaborative Driving Services . 85
C.5.1.5 Background services . 85
C.5.2 Other categorization options. 85
C.6 ITS Users . 86
History . 87

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6 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Human Factors (HF).
Intended readers of the present document are:
• manufacturers of vehicles and their suppliers;
• manufacturers of after-market equipment intended for use in the vehicle;
• ITS service providers;
• mobile network operators;
• developers of equipment communicating with in-vehicle networks;
• suppliers of other services and devices that may be used in a vehicle;
• mobile communication device manufacturers;
• road administrations;
• road operators;
• insurance companies;
• European Research and Development projects.
Introduction
Whilst driving, the driver needs to focus on multiple tasks. This leads to varying levels of concentration and particularly
a lower level of visual attention and ability. The present document highlights the potential dangers of driver distraction
and the consequential impact that this can have on road safety. The present document also considers the use of ICT by
passengers and of ICT jointly used by drivers and passengers.
The state of the art in the area has been studied, including the "European Statement of Principles on the Design of
Human Machine Interaction, European Commission, 2006 (ESoP)" [i.21] which is currently being implemented by car
manufacturers. Whereas the focus is on the users' needs and applications in this area, the present document identifies
potential possibilities and any limitation(s) of technical solutions and, where appropriate, provides examples of the
application of the ESoP and suggests future actions in order to open up new service opportunities.
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7 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
1 Scope
The present document identifies the key aspects of use of ICT in cars and provides advice on safer and more effective
use. Both the driver's and the passenger's requirements are examined. Factors relating to the safe use of ICT and to the
personalization of the user experience are identified.
Issues with services and devices related to both the driver and passengers are addressed, including devices which are:
• mounted rigidly in the vehicle, either fitted during manufacture or later (e.g. for navigation, entertainment,
games, emergency assistance services);
• communicating with the in-vehicle network e.g. for connecting phones, navigation equipment;
• portable equipment used in the vehicle.
Those aspects of ICT in cars with which the car user has no involvement are outside the scope of the present document.
Also excluded from the scope are special functions designed exclusively for use in taxis or cars used as emergency
service vehicles.
The approach taken in the present document is compatible with the European Statement of Principles on the Design of
Human Machine Interaction [i.21].
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
Not applicable.
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ETSI EG 202 325: "Human Factors (HF); User Profile Management".
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8 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)
[i.2] ETSI ES 202 746: "Human Factors (HF); Personalization and User Profile Management; User
Profile Preferences and Information".
[i.3] ETSI T
...