ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)

Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 26: Consumer Experience Principles and Basic Features

RTS/ITS-98-26

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 08-Oct-2019
• Technical Committee: ITS - Intelligent Transport Systems
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 30-Sep-2019
• Completion Date: 09-Oct-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Publicly Available Specification (PAS);
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS);
®
MirrorLink ;
Part 26: Consumer Experience Principles and Basic Features
CAUTION

The present document has been submitted to ETSI as a PAS produced by CCC and
approved by the ETSI Technical Committee Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
CCC is owner of the copyright of the document CCC-TS-087 and/or had all relevant rights and had assigned said rights to
ETSI on an "as is basis". Consequently, to the fullest extent permitted by law, ETSI disclaims all warranties whether express,
implied, statutory or otherwise including but not limited to merchantability, non-infringement of any intellectual property rights of
third parties. No warranty is given about the accuracy and the completeness of the content of the present document.

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2 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)



Reference
RTS/ITS-98-26
Keywords
interface, ITS, PAS, smartphone

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©ETSI 2019.
© Car Connectivity Consortium 2011-2019.
All rights reserved.
ETSI logo is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
MirrorLink® is a registered trademark of Car Connectivity Consortium LLC.
RFB® and VNC® are registered trademarks of RealVNC Ltd.
UPnP® is a registered trademark of Open Connectivity Foundation, Inc.
Other names or abbreviations used in the present document may be trademarks of their respective owners.
DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.

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of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
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of the oneM2M Partners.
®
GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI

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3 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 4
Foreword . 4
Modal verbs terminology . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
2.1 Normative references . 5
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 6
3.1 Terms . 6
3.2 Symbols . 6
3.3 Abbreviations . 6
4 Consumer Experience Principles . 7
5 Basic MirrorLink Features . 7
5.1 Introduction . 7
5.2 First-Use Experience . 7
5.3 Download, Installation and Update of Applications . 8
5.4 Listing of MirrorLink Applications . 8
5.5 Management of Certified Applications . 9
5.6 Interacting with MirrorLink Applications . 9
5.7 Listening to Entertainment and Navigation Audio . 10
5.8 Transferring Audio to and from a MirrorLink Session . 11
5.9 MirrorLink Consistency, Robustness & Ease of Use . 12
5.10 Phone Call Functionality . 12
5.11 MirrorLink Logo Use . 13
5.12 Classic, Immersive and Legacy MirrorLink Mode . 13
6 Minimum Baseline Performance . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 User Interface Performance . 20
6.2.1 VNC RAW/RLE Performance . 20
6.2.2 HSML Performance . 20
6.2.3 VNC VA H.264 Performance . 21
6.3 Round Trip Latency. 21
6.4 Setting Up and Managing the MirrorLink Session . 21
7 MirrorLink Application . 21
7.1 Introduction . 21
7.2 Immersive & Classic Home Screen Application . 22
7.3 Immersive & Classic Phone Call Application . 23
Annex A (informative): Authors and Contributors . 24
History . 25


ETSI

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4 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Intelligent Transport Systems
(ITS).
The present document is part 26 of a multi-part deliverable. Full details of the entire series can be found in part 1 [i.1].
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
1 Scope
®
The present document is part of the MirrorLink specification which specifies an interface for enabling remote user
interaction of a mobile device via another device. The present document is written having a vehicle head-unit to interact
with the mobile device in mind, but it will similarly apply for other devices, which provide a colour display, audio
input/output and user input mechanisms.
MirrorLink is a single protocol that defines how a MirrorLink enabled Client device (typically the consumer's in-vehicle
infotainment system) and a MirrorLink enabled Server device (typically the consumer's mobile device) communicate
and provide an integrated consumer experience, where the MirrorLink Server is creating the consumer experience,
running MirrorLink applications, whose user interfaces are presented via the MirrorLink Client. Consumers will only
interact with the MirrorLink Client device, leaving the MirrorLink Server device stored away, allowing for responsible
interactions, while the vehicle is in motion.
The MirrorLink protocol enables mobile device's consumer experience to be projected on the in-vehicle infotainment
system. It enables the consumer to use the controls of the infotainment system to manipulate the mobile device. By
using applications, following application-level requirements, either for use in drive or non-drive situations, consumers
will see an experience optimized for the current situation.
Whereas the MirrorLink protocol specifies a consumer experience, it is open to implementation specific decisions and
variations from Client and Server manufacturers. Differentiation in the consumer experience and supported features is
encouraged. However, MirrorLink does need to be predictable and recognizable to the consumer. It is also critical for a
MirrorLink brand recognition.
The present document specifies the basic consumer experience, for which MirrorLink stands for and many of the
features MirrorLink enables. The present document intends to focus on the consumer experience level and does not
intend to replace any requirements of the other technical specifications. Whether or not a MirrorLink Client or Server
device follow the requirements defined within the present document will be mainly evaluated and tested through IOP
testing.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long-term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI TS 103 544-2 (V1.3.1): "Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 2: Virtual Network Computing (VNC) based Display and
Control".
[2] ETSI TS 103 544-9 (V1.3.1): "Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 9: UPnP Application Server Service".
[3] ETSI TS 103 544-10 (V1.3.1): "Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 10: UPnP Client Profile Service".
[4] ETSI TS 103 544-12 (V1.3.1): "Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 12: UPnP Server Device".
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6 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
[5] Car Connectivity Consortium CCC-RQ-005: "Application Requirements for Drive Certification".
NOTE: Available at https://carconnectivity.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/CCC-RQ-005-MirrorLink-
_ApplicationRequirements_2.0.8.pdf.
[6] Bluetooth Specification: "Hands-free Profile", Audio, Telephony, and Automotive Working
Group, Revision 1.7.2, January 21, 2019.
NOTE: Available at https://www.bluetooth.org/docman/handlers/downloaddoc.ashx?doc_id=457090.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long-term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TS 103 544-1 (V1.3.1): "Publicly Available Specification (PAS); Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS); MirrorLink®; Part 1: Connectivity".
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
Void.
3.2 Symbols
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
API Application Programming Interface
BT Bluetooth
CCC Car Connectivity Consortium
FB FrameBuffer
FM Frequency Modulation
HFP Bluetooth Hands-Free Profile
HSML High Speed Media Link
IOP InterOPerability
ML MirrorLink
RFB Remote Framebuffer
RTP Real-Time Protocol
SCO Synchronous Connection-Oriented
UI User Interface
UPnP Universal Plug and Play
USB Universal Serial Bus
VA Video Audio
VNC Virtual Network Computing
WFD Wi-Fi Display
ETSI

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7 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
4 Consumer Experience Principles
The MirrorLink consumer experience is guided by a set of principles. Those principles are not strictly enforceable, as
they are described on a high-level. Therefore, no obligation language is used in their description. But devices failing
those principles will typically violate one or more of the MirrorLink technical requirements, as defined in the separate
functional specification, or of the basic feature requirements as outlined in clause 5.
The MirrorLink set of consumer experience principles are:
1) Starting MirrorLink is simple.
2) Paired MirrorLink certified devices just work.
3) Consumers are provided with a consistent and predictable MirrorLink consumer experience.
4) Consumers are at no time expected to interact with the MirrorLink Server device, after initial MirrorLink
connectivity has been established.
5) Consumers are only provided with visual and audio content appropriate for the driving mode and local region,
the MirrorLink Client device is currently in.
6) Consumers are provided with a responsive MirrorLink consumer experience.
7) Consumers are provided with a clear visual user interfaces, with minimal or no stretching and distortion,
showing legible graphics and text.
8) Consumers are provided with a clear audio playback experience, free from pops, crackles and hisses on the
MirrorLink Client's speakers. Latencies in controlling the audio stream are minimal.
9) Consumers are provided with consumer-friendly prompts, only when necessary.
10) Consumers are provided with appropriate notifications in case something goes wrong or a consumer's action
cannot be completed as expected ("No Silent Failure").
11) Consumers are provided with an uninterrupted MirrorLink experience until MirrorLink is ended.
12) Ending MirrorLink is simple and does not lead to unresponsive devices.
13) The use of MirrorLink functionality is described in respective consumer documentation or made available
otherwise.
14) The consumer can easily recognize whether MirrorLink functionality is available.
5 Basic MirrorLink Features
5.1 Introduction
This clause summarizes the consumer experience related requirements for the various MirrorLink features, which are
available using the MirrorLink protocol. Requirements provided within this clause are complementary to requirements
in the detailed MirrorLink protocol specifications. Nevertheless, in case of a contradicting requirement or a
contradicting obligation, the device vendor should apply the MirrorLink consumer experience principles as guidance as
to which requirement to use.
The following clauses address features, which are either relevant to the consumer or which will message with the
consumer.
5.2 First-Use Experience
The consumer installing MirrorLink on a supported mobile device is expecting an immediate first use experience, when
connecting the device to a MirrorLink enabled in-vehicle infotainment system.
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8 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
The following consumer experience requirements are defined:
• If no MirrorLink certified application, installed on the MirrorLink Server, can be presented on the MirrorLink
Client, the MirrorLink Client shall inform the consumer about this fact. The MirrorLink Client should point to
a location from where MirrorLink enabled compatible applications can be downloaded.
• If installed MirrorLink enabled applications are missing certificates, preventing their usage within MirrorLink,
the requirements in clause 5.3 shall apply.
5.3 Download, Installation and Update of Applications
The consumer is able to download, install and update a suitable CCC or Member-certified application from any
available application marketplace or via side-loading. In order to enable the consumer to use the application, e.g. while
driving, the MirrorLink Server will need to evaluate the certification status prior first use. This validation requires the
consumer to have the device connected to the Internet.
Failing to validate the certification status will not allow the consumer to use the application.
NOTE: Usability of an application refers to the application's expected use, as recorded in the certificate of the
application. E.g. while a drive certified application may still be usable in park-mode, after the certificate
cannot be validated for drive anymore, the application is not usable as expected in drive-mode.
Therefore, the following consumer experience requirements are defined:
• The consumer shall be able to install and update a MirrorLink application via the same mechanisms, as with
any other regular non-MirrorLink application. Potential mechanisms include the download and installation
from an application store or via side-loading.
• The consumer shall be able to install and update a MirrorLink application outside a MirrorLink session. The
consumer shall be able to install and update a MirrorLink application inside a MirrorLink session, unless
driving mode and/or geographic limitations apply (e.g. of the App Store application).
• The consumer shall be able to use a newly installed or updated MirrorLink application as expected, within a
few seconds, unless the validation of the application certificate is not possible.
• The consumer shall be notified, when an installed or updated application cannot be used as expected, within
MirrorLink within a few seconds. The consumer should not be notified, when the application can be used as
expected. The notification should point out that internet connectivity is required to resolve the issue.
• A MirrorLink application, which is uninstalled from a MirrorLink Server device shall be immediately removed
from the MirrorLink Server's application listings.
• Download, installation and update behaviour shall be independent of whether the device is new (i.e. after a
factory reset) or used.
5.4 Listing of MirrorLink Applications
The consumer is able to launch application via listings of MirrorLink applications. Application listings are provided
from the MirrorLink Client, via native MirrorLink Client user-interfaces or from the MirrorLink Server, via dedicated
Home Screen applications. Latter one is accessible only via a MirrorLink session.
The following consumer experience requirements are defined:
• The order of the MirrorLink application list shall be consistent across multiple MirrorLink sessions.
• The MirrorLink Server's home screen application (if available), shall be listed first.
• The MirrorLink Server shall advertise drive-certified applications first in its application listing.
• The MirrorLink Client should show drive certified applications first in its application listing.
• The MirrorLink Server and the MirrorLink Server's home screen application shall not reorder the application
list without explicit consumer interaction.
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9 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
• The MirrorLink Server shall not change the order of the application listings within a MirrorLink session.
• The MirrorLink Server may offer an easily accessible mechanism that allows the consumer to control the
sorting of the application listed. This mechanism should allow the consumer to sort the application list by
frequency of use, name, install date, or other properties and to manually reorder the list.
• If a MirrorLink Client lists MirrorLink base certified applications in drive mode, those applications shall be
clearly identifiable by the consumer (in drive mode) as not being available, e.g. graying them out. The
consumer shall be able to distinguish a drive-certified application from a non-drive-certified application
without any consumer interaction or launching the application. This requirement applies to drive and park
mode. The MirrorLink Client may only list drive-certified applications in drive mode.
5.5 Management of Certified Applications
In order to enable the consumer to use the application, e.g. while driving, the MirrorLink Server will need to
continuously evaluate the certification status on a regular basis. This validation requires the consumer to have the
device connected to the Internet:
• The consumer shall have access to certified applications as long as the application is installed on the
MirrorLink Server device and the certification status can be regularly validated by the MirrorLink Server.
• The consumer should not be notified, when the certification status of a MirrorLink application can be regularly
validated.
• The consumer should not be notified, when the certification status of a MirrorLink application cannot be
regularly validated, while the application is still usable as expected within MirrorLink.
• The consumer should be notified, when an application will soon become unusable as expected within
MirrorLink. Advanced notice should be given at least 24 h prior.
• The consumer shall be notified, when a MirrorLink certified application became unusable within MirrorLink,
for certification related reason. The notification should point out that internet connectivity may be required to
resolve the issue.
In case the consumer has to be notified, the MirrorLink Server shall provide the notification.
Notifications should be provided outside a MirrorLink session or via separate notification/setting pages. Notification
may be deferred, if needed (e.g. as the device is currently in drive mode and visual notification is not possible).
Notification should be provided outside a MirrorLink session as well, when applicable (e.g. expiration of a certificate).
The MirrorLink Server should provide a "Certificate dashboard" application, which displays a list of all installed
MirrorLink application. The application should allow the consumer to trigger the validation of the application
certificates. This application may be not-MirrorLink enabled.
The MirrorLink Server should allow MirrorLink drive-certified applications, to call other driver certified applications,
implementing a specific intend, e.g. to launch navigation or phone call functionality. This shall not cause uncertified
content to become visible in the foreground of the MirrorLink screen.
5.6 Interacting with MirrorLink Applications
The consumer is able to interact with MirrorLink applications via Voice or Physical interaction with the Client devices
user input controls, like the Client's touch screen, soft or hard buttons around the Client's screen or on the steering
wheel.
The following consumer experience requirements are defined:
• All soft buttons, rendered by the MirrorLink Client around the MirrorLink Application's user interface, shall
be usable and shall be consistent with the user's expectation of the underlying control event. I.e. a home button
shall have home functionality.
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10 ETSI TS 103 544-26 V1.3.1 (2019-10)
• All soft buttons, rendered by the MirrorLink Server around the MirrorLink Application's user interface, shall
be usable and shall be consistent with the user's expectation of the underlying control event. I.e. a home button
shall have home functionality.
• All device key events, the MirrorLink Server is advertising in its Key Event Configuration message, shall be
supported from the MirrorLink Server and/or respective MirrorLink applications.
• All hard buttons, supported by the MirrorLink Client within MirrorLink, shall be usable and shall be
consistent with the user's expectation of the underlying control event. I.e. a home button shall have home
functionality.
• Dedicated buttons, available within MirrorLink, it shall have the same semantics within MirrorLink as in the
native context outside of MirrorLink.
5.7 Listening to Entertainment and Navigation Audio
The consumer has access to his/her favourite entertainment and navigation applications, either run remotely from the
MirrorLink Server or locally from the MirrorLink Client. The MirrorLink Server is responsible for mixing all remote
audio sources into a single audio stream, which
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