ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
DEN/ERM-TGSRR-001-1
Elektromagnetna združljivost in zadeve v zvezi z radijskim spektrom (ERM) - Naprave kratkega dosega - Cestna transportna in prometna telematika (RTTT) - Radarska oprema kratkega dosega, ki deluje v pasu od 77 GHz do 81 GHz - 1. del: Tehnične zahteve in merilne metode
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
01-september-2009
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1DSUDYHNUDWNHJDGRVHJD&HVWQDWUDQVSRUWQDLQSURPHWQDWHOHPDWLND 5777
5DGDUVNDRSUHPDNUDWNHJDGRVHJDNLGHOXMHYSDVXRG*+]GR*+]GHO
7HKQLþQH]DKWHYHLQPHULOQHPHWRGH
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Short Range Devices
- Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT) - Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band - Part 1: Technical requirements and methods
of measurement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 302 264-1 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.060.99 Druga oprema za radijske Other equipment for
komunikacije radiocommunications
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
transportu in trgovini and trade
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT);
Short Range Radar equipment operating
in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band;
Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
2 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG31B-001-1
Keywords
radar, radio, RTTT, SRD, testing, UWB
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS , TIPHON , the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered
for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered
for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
3 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 10
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 10
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 11
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 11
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 11
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 12
6 General conditions . 12
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Requirements . 13
6.1.2 Calibration . 13
6.1.3 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.4 Shielded anechoic chamber. 15
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 16
7.1 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitters in 77 GHz to 81 GHz band. 16
7.1.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.1.3 Limits . 17
7.1.2 Maximum radiated average power spectral density (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.1.2.1 Definition . 17
7.1.2.2 Method of measurement . 17
7.1.2.3 Limits . 18
7.1.3 Maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.1.3.1 Definition . 18
7.1.3.2 Method of measurement . 18
7.1.3.3 Limits . 19
7.2 Maximum radiated spurious and out-of-band emissions . 19
7.2.1 Definition . 19
7.2.2 Measuring receiver . 19
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
4 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
7.2.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious or out-of-band emissions . 20
7.2.4 Limits . 20
8 Methods of measurement and limits for receiver parameters . 21
8.1 Receiver spurious emissions. 21
8.1.1 Definition . 21
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 21
8.1.3 Limit . 21
9 Interpretation of measurement results . 22
9.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 22
9.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 23
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 24
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 24
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 24
A.2.1 Substitution antenna . 24
A.3 Indoor test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 24
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 25
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 26
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 27
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 28
B.1 Radiated measurements . 28
Annex C (informative): Example of modulation schemes. 29
C.1 Pseudo Noise Pulse Position Modulation (PN PPM) . 29
C.1.1 Definition . 29
C.1.2 Typical operation parameters . 30
C.2 Pulsed FH (Pulsed Frequency hopping) . 30
C.2.1 Definition . 30
C.2.2 Typical operation parameters . 31
C.2.3 Additional requirements for pulsed FH equipment measurement . 31
C.2.3.1 Pulsed FH modulation . 31
C.2.3.2 Measurement requirements . 31
C.3 PN-ASK (Pseudo noise coded amplitude shift keying) . 32
C.3.1 Definition . 32
C.3.2 Typical operation parameters . 33
C.4 PN-PSK (Pseudo noise coded phase shift keying) . 33
C.4.1 Definition . 33
C.4.2 Typical operation parameters . 34
C.5 Frequency modulated continuous wave . 34
C.5.1 Definition . 34
C.5.2 Typical operating parameters . 35
C.6 Combination of modulation types . 35
Annex D (normative): Installation requirements of 79 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR)
systems . 36
Annex E (informative): Conversion of power spectral density to e.i.r.p. . 37
E.1 Assumptions . 37
E.2 Example . 37
Annex F (informative): Bibliography . 38
History . 39
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
5 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into road vehicles, therefore it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval and has to comply with Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4]. For use on vehicles
outside the scope of Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4] compliance with an EMC directive/standard appropriate
for that use is required.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical requirements and methods of measurement";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 16 June 2009
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 September 2009
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 March 2010
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 March 2010
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
6 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the technical requirements and methods of measurement for Short Range Devices
(SRD) working as broadband devices with at least 50 MHz occupied bandwidth in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz frequency
range, hereinafter referred to as the 79 GHz range, intended for Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)
applications. Applications include e.g. Short Range Radar (SRR) for obstacle detection, stop&go, blind spot detection,
parking aid, backup aid, precrash and other automotive applications. Applications that might interfere with automotive
SRR systems, e.g. road infrastructure systems, are explicitly excluded.
The present document covers transmitters intended to operate in the frequency range as defined in the EC decision
2004/545/EC [i.2] and the ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 [i.1].
The document applies to:
a) transmitters in the 79 GHz range operating as broadband devices;
b) receivers operating in the 79 GHz range;
c) integrated transceivers in the 79 GHz range.
The present document:
• contains the technical characteristics and test methods for short range radar equipment fitted with integral
antennas operating in the 79 GHz range;
• covers short range radar vehicle applications in the 79 GHz range. It covers integrated transceivers and
separate transmit/receive modules.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] CISPR 16 (2006) (parts 1-1, 1-4 and 1-5): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus".
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
7 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
[2] ETSI TR 102 273 (all parts - V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[3] ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 of 19 March 2004 on the frequency band 77 - 81 GHz to be
designated for the use of Automotive Short Range Radars.
[i.2] EC decision 2004/545/EC of 8 July 2004 on the harmonization of radio spectrum in the 79 GHz
range for the use of automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community.
[i.3] Radio Regulations: "International Telecommunication Union, Edition of 2004".
[i.4] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.5] ETSI EN 302 264-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short
Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
activity factor: actual on-the-air time divided by active session time or actual on-the-air emission time within a given
time window
associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
blanking period: time period where either no waveform or a constant waveform within the 79 GHz range occurs
boresight: axis of the main beam in a directional antenna
channel dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single
given frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
NOTE: The device may be triggered either automatically or manually and depending on how the device is
triggered will also depend on whether the duty cycle is fixed or random. The duty cycle is categorized in
4 different duty cycle classes.
Equipment Under Test (EUT): radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna
components which affect or influence its performance
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1:2009
8 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power spectral density transmitted, assuming an
isotropic radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power spectral density into the antenna" and "antenna
gain". e.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power spectral density.
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or on-off gating
on-off gating: methods of transmission with fixed or randomly quiescent period that is much larger than the PRF
operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated
NOTE: Equipment may be able to operate at more than one operating frequency.
operating frequency range: range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted through
switching or reprogramming or oscillator tuning
NOTE 1: For pulsed or phase shifting systems without further carrier tuning the operating frequency range is fixed
on a single carrier line.
NOTE 2: For analogue or discrete frequency modulated systems (FSK, FMCW) the operating frequency range
covers the difference between minimum and maximum of all carrier frequencies on which the equipment
can be adjusted.
peak envelope power: mean power (round mean square for sinusoidal carrier wave type) supplied from the antenna
during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions (see
Radio Regulations [i.3])
Power Spectral Density (PSD): ratio of the amount of power to the used radio measurement bandwidth
NOTE: It is expressed in units of dBm/Hz or as a power in unit dBm with respect to the used bandwidth.
In case of measurement with a spectrum analyser the measurement bandwidth is equal the RBW.
precrash: time before the crash occurs when safety mechanism is deployed
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF): inverse of the Pulse Repetition Interval, averaged over a time sufficiently long as
to cov
...
ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT);
Short Range Radar equipment operating
in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band;
Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG31B-001-1
Keywords
radar, radio, RTTT, SRD, testing, UWB
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS , TIPHON , the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered
for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered
for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 10
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 10
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 11
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 11
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 11
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 12
6 General conditions . 12
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Requirements . 13
6.1.2 Calibration . 13
6.1.3 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.4 Shielded anechoic chamber. 15
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 16
7.1 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitters in 77 GHz to 81 GHz band. 16
7.1.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.1.3 Limits . 17
7.1.2 Maximum radiated average power spectral density (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.1.2.1 Definition . 17
7.1.2.2 Method of measurement . 17
7.1.2.3 Limits . 18
7.1.3 Maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.1.3.1 Definition . 18
7.1.3.2 Method of measurement . 18
7.1.3.3 Limits . 19
7.2 Maximum radiated spurious and out-of-band emissions . 19
7.2.1 Definition . 19
7.2.2 Measuring receiver . 19
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
4 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
7.2.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious or out-of-band emissions . 20
7.2.4 Limits . 20
8 Methods of measurement and limits for receiver parameters . 21
8.1 Receiver spurious emissions. 21
8.1.1 Definition . 21
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 21
8.1.3 Limit . 21
9 Interpretation of measurement results . 22
9.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 22
9.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 23
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 24
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 24
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 24
A.2.1 Substitution antenna . 24
A.3 Indoor test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 24
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 25
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 26
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 27
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 28
B.1 Radiated measurements . 28
Annex C (informative): Example of modulation schemes. 29
C.1 Pseudo Noise Pulse Position Modulation (PN PPM) . 29
C.1.1 Definition . 29
C.1.2 Typical operation parameters . 30
C.2 Pulsed FH (Pulsed Frequency hopping) . 30
C.2.1 Definition . 30
C.2.2 Typical operation parameters . 31
C.2.3 Additional requirements for pulsed FH equipment measurement . 31
C.2.3.1 Pulsed FH modulation . 31
C.2.3.2 Measurement requirements . 31
C.3 PN-ASK (Pseudo noise coded amplitude shift keying) . 32
C.3.1 Definition . 32
C.3.2 Typical operation parameters . 33
C.4 PN-PSK (Pseudo noise coded phase shift keying) . 33
C.4.1 Definition . 33
C.4.2 Typical operation parameters . 34
C.5 Frequency modulated continuous wave . 34
C.5.1 Definition . 34
C.5.2 Typical operating parameters . 35
C.6 Combination of modulation types . 35
Annex D (normative): Installation requirements of 79 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR)
systems . 36
Annex E (informative): Conversion of power spectral density to e.i.r.p. . 37
E.1 Assumptions . 37
E.2 Example . 37
Annex F (informative): Bibliography . 38
History . 39
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into road vehicles, therefore it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval and has to comply with Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4]. For use on vehicles
outside the scope of Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4] compliance with an EMC directive/standard appropriate
for that use is required.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical requirements and methods of measurement";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 16 June 2009
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 September 2009
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 March 2010
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 March 2010
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the technical requirements and methods of measurement for Short Range Devices
(SRD) working as broadband devices with at least 50 MHz occupied bandwidth in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz frequency
range, hereinafter referred to as the 79 GHz range, intended for Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)
applications. Applications include e.g. Short Range Radar (SRR) for obstacle detection, stop&go, blind spot detection,
parking aid, backup aid, precrash and other automotive applications. Applications that might interfere with automotive
SRR systems, e.g. road infrastructure systems, are explicitly excluded.
The present document covers transmitters intended to operate in the frequency range as defined in the EC decision
2004/545/EC [i.2] and the ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 [i.1].
The document applies to:
a) transmitters in the 79 GHz range operating as broadband devices;
b) receivers operating in the 79 GHz range;
c) integrated transceivers in the 79 GHz range.
The present document:
• contains the technical characteristics and test methods for short range radar equipment fitted with integral
antennas operating in the 79 GHz range;
• covers short range radar vehicle applications in the 79 GHz range. It covers integrated transceivers and
separate transmit/receive modules.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] CISPR 16 (2006) (parts 1-1, 1-4 and 1-5): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus".
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
7 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
[2] ETSI TR 102 273 (all parts - V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[3] ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 of 19 March 2004 on the frequency band 77 - 81 GHz to be
designated for the use of Automotive Short Range Radars.
[i.2] EC decision 2004/545/EC of 8 July 2004 on the harmonization of radio spectrum in the 79 GHz
range for the use of automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community.
[i.3] Radio Regulations: "International Telecommunication Union, Edition of 2004".
[i.4] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.5] ETSI EN 302 264-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short
Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
activity factor: actual on-the-air time divided by active session time or actual on-the-air emission time within a given
time window
associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
blanking period: time period where either no waveform or a constant waveform within the 79 GHz range occurs
boresight: axis of the main beam in a directional antenna
channel dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single
given frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
NOTE: The device may be triggered either automatically or manually and depending on how the device is
triggered will also depend on whether the duty cycle is fixed or random. The duty cycle is categorized in
4 different duty cycle classes.
Equipment Under Test (EUT): radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna
components which affect or influence its performance
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
8 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power spectral density transmitted, assuming an
isotropic radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power spectral density into the antenna" and "antenna
gain". e.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power spectral density.
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or on-off gating
on-off gating: methods of transmission with fixed or randomly quiescent period that is much larger than the PRF
operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated
NOTE: Equipment may be able to operate at more than one operating frequency.
operating frequency range: range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted through
switching or reprogramming or oscillator tuning
NOTE 1: For pulsed or phase shifting systems without further carrier tuning the operating frequency range is fixed
on a single carrier line.
NOTE 2: For analogue or discrete frequency modulated systems (FSK, FMCW) the operating frequency range
covers the difference between minimum and maximum of all carrier frequencies on which the equipment
can be adjusted.
peak envelope power: mean power (round mean square for sinusoidal carrier wave type) supplied from the antenna
during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions (see
Radio Regulations [i.3])
Power Spectral Density (PSD): ratio of the amount of power to the used radio measurement bandwidth
NOTE: It is expressed in units of dBm/Hz or as a power in unit dBm with respect to the used bandwidth.
In case of measurement with a spectrum analyser the measurement bandwidth is equal the RBW.
precrash: time before the crash occurs when safety mechanism is deployed
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF): inverse of the Pulse Repetition Interval, averaged over a time sufficiently long as
to cover all PRI variations
Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI): time between the rising edges of the transmitted (pulsed) output power
quiescent period: time instant where no intentional emission occurs
radome: external protective cover which is independent of the associated antenna, and which may contribute to the
overall performance of the antenna (and hence, the EUT)
spatial radiated power density: power per unit area normal to the direction of the electromagnetic wave propagation
2
NOTE: Spatial radiated power density is expressed in units of W/m .
spread spectrum: modulation technique in which the energy of a transmitted signal is spread throughout a larger
frequency range
ultra-wideband bandwidth: equipment using ultra-wideband technology means equipment incorporating, as an
integral part or as an accessory, technology for short-range radiocommunication, involving the intentional generation
and transmission of radio-frequency energy that spreads over a frequency range wider than 50 MHz
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
λ Wavelength
ac alternating current
B Bandwidth
B Frequency hopping bandwidth
FH
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
9 ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-06)
d largest dimension of the antenna aperture
D distance of ferrite beads
fb
E Field strength
E Reference field strength
o
f Carrier frequency
c
f Hopping frequency
hop
f highest frequency
h
f lowest frequency
l
G Antenna
...
Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT);
Short Range Radar equipment operating
in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band;
Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG31B-001-1
Keywords
radar, radio, RTTT, SRD, testing, UWB
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS , TIPHON , the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered
for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered
for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 10
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 10
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 11
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 11
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 11
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 12
6 General conditions . 12
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Requirements . 13
6.1.2 Calibration . 13
6.1.3 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.4 Shielded anechoic chamber. 15
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 16
7.1 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitters in 77 GHz to 81 GHz band. 16
7.1.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.1.3 Limits . 17
7.1.2 Maximum radiated average power spectral density (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.1.2.1 Definition . 17
7.1.2.2 Method of measurement . 17
7.1.2.3 Limits . 18
7.1.3 Maximum radiated peak power (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.1.3.1 Definition . 18
7.1.3.2 Method of measurement . 18
7.1.3.3 Limits . 19
7.2 Maximum radiated spurious and out-of-band emissions . 19
7.2.1 Definition . 19
7.2.2 Measuring receiver . 19
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
4 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
7.2.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious or out-of-band emissions . 20
7.2.4 Limits . 20
8 Methods of measurement and limits for receiver parameters . 21
8.1 Receiver spurious emissions. 21
8.1.1 Definition . 21
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 21
8.1.3 Limit . 21
9 Interpretation of measurement results . 22
9.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 22
9.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 23
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 24
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 24
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 24
A.2.1 Substitution antenna . 24
A.3 Indoor test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 24
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 25
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 26
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 27
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 28
B.1 Radiated measurements . 28
Annex C (informative): Example of modulation schemes. 29
C.1 Pseudo Noise Pulse Position Modulation (PN PPM) . 29
C.1.1 Definition . 29
C.1.2 Typical operation parameters . 30
C.2 Pulsed FH (Pulsed Frequency hopping) . 30
C.2.1 Definition . 30
C.2.2 Typical operation parameters . 31
C.2.3 Additional requirements for pulsed FH equipment measurement . 31
C.2.3.1 Pulsed FH modulation . 31
C.2.3.2 Measurement requirements . 31
C.3 PN-ASK (Pseudo noise coded amplitude shift keying) . 32
C.3.1 Definition . 32
C.3.2 Typical operation parameters . 33
C.4 PN-PSK (Pseudo noise coded phase shift keying) . 33
C.4.1 Definition . 33
C.4.2 Typical operation parameters . 34
C.5 Frequency modulated continuous wave . 34
C.5.1 Definition . 34
C.5.2 Typical operating parameters . 35
C.6 Combination of modulation types . 35
Annex D (normative): Installation requirements of 79 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR)
systems . 36
Annex E (informative): Conversion of power spectral density to e.i.r.p. . 37
E.1 Assumptions . 37
E.2 Example . 37
Annex F (informative): Bibliography . 38
History . 39
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the Vote phase of the
ETSI standards Two-step Approval Procedure.
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into road vehicles, therefore it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval and has to comply with Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4]. For use on vehicles
outside the scope of Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4] compliance with an EMC directive/standard appropriate
for that use is required.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical requirements and methods of measurement";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 6 months after doa
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
6 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the technical requirements and methods of measurement for Short Range Devices
(SRD) working as broadband devices with at least 50 MHz occupied bandwidth in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz frequency
range, hereinafter referred to as the 79 GHz range, intended for Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)
applications. Applications include e.g. Short Range Radar (SRR) for obstacle detection, stop&go, blind spot detection,
parking aid, backup aid, precrash and other automotive applications. Applications that might interfere with automotive
SRR systems, e.g. road infrastructure systems, are explicitly excluded.
The present document covers transmitters intended to operate in the frequency range as defined in the EC decision
2004/545/EC [i.2] and the ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 [i.1].
The document applies to:
a) transmitters in the 79 GHz range operating as broadband devices;
b) receivers operating in the 79 GHz range;
c) integrated transceivers in the 79 GHz range.
The present document:
• contains the technical characteristics and test methods for short range radar equipment fitted with integral
antennas operating in the 79 GHz range;
• covers short range radar vehicle applications in the 79 GHz range. It covers integrated transceivers and
separate transmit/receive modules.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] CISPR 16 (2006) (parts 1-1, 1-4 and 1-5): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus".
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
7 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
[2] ETSI TR 102 273 (all parts - V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[3] ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 of 19 March 2004 on the frequency band 77 - 81 GHz to be
designated for the use of Automotive Short Range Radars.
[i.2] EC decision 2004/545/EC of 8 July 2004 on the harmonization of radio spectrum in the 79 GHz
range for the use of automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community.
[i.3] Radio Regulations: "International Telecommunication Union, Edition of 2004".
[i.4] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.5] ETSI EN 302 264-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short
Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
activity factor: actual on-the-air time divided by active session time or actual on-the-air emission time within a given
time window
associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
blanking period: time period where either no waveform or a constant waveform within the 79 GHz range occurs
boresight: axis of the main beam in a directional antenna
channel dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single
given frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
NOTE: The device may be triggered either automatically or manually and depending on how the device is
triggered will also depend on whether the duty cycle is fixed or random. The duty cycle is categorized in
4 different duty cycle classes.
Equipment Under Test (EUT): radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna
components which affect or influence its performance
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
8 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power spectral density transmitted, assuming an
isotropic radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power spectral density into the antenna" and "antenna
gain". e.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power spectral density.
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or on-off gating
on-off gating: methods of transmission with fixed or randomly quiescent period that is much larger than the PRF
operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated
NOTE: Equipment may be able to operate at more than one operating frequency.
operating frequency range: range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted through
switching or reprogramming or oscillator tuning
NOTE 1: For pulsed or phase shifting systems without further carrier tuning the operating frequency range is fixed
on a single carrier line.
NOTE 2: For analogue or discrete frequency modulated systems (FSK, FMCW) the operating frequency range
covers the difference between minimum and maximum of all carrier frequencies on which the equipment
can be adjusted.
peak envelope power: mean power (round mean square for sinusoidal carrier wave type) supplied from the antenna
during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions (see
Radio Regulations [i.3])
Power Spectral Density (PSD): ratio of the amount of power to the used radio measurement bandwidth
NOTE: It is expressed in units of dBm/Hz or as a power in unit dBm with respect to the used bandwidth.
In case of measurement with a spectrum analyser the measurement bandwidth is equal the RBW.
precrash: time before the crash occurs when safety mechanism is deployed
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF): inverse of the Pulse Repetition Interval, averaged over a time sufficiently long as
to cover all PRI variations
Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI): time between the rising edges of the transmitted (pulsed) output power
quiescent period: time instant where no intentional emission occurs
radome: external protective cover which is independent of the associated antenna, and which may contribute to the
overall performance of the antenna (and hence, the EUT)
spatial radiated power density: power per unit area normal to the direction of the electromagnetic wave propagation
2
NOTE: Spatial radiated power density is expressed in units of W/m .
spread spectrum: modulation technique in which the energy of a transmitted signal is spread throughout a larger
frequency range
ultra-wideband bandwidth: equipment using ultra-wideband technology means equipment incorporating, as an
integral part or as an accessory, technology for short-range radiocommunication, involving the intentional generation
and transmission of radio-frequency energy that spreads over a frequency range wider than 50 MHz
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
λ Wavelength
ac alternating current
B Bandwidth
B Frequency hopping bandwidth
FH
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
9 Final draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2009-04)
d largest dimension of the antenna a
...
Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT);
Short Range Radar equipment operating
in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band;
Part 1: Technical requirements and methods of measurement
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
Reference
DEN/ERM-TG31B-001-1
Keywords
radar, radio, RTTT, SRD, testing, UWB
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2008.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS , TIPHON , the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered
for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Technical requirements specifications . 10
4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes . 10
4.1.1 Choice of model for testing . 10
4.2 Mechanical and electrical design . 10
4.3 Auxiliary test equipment . 11
5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures . 11
5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 11
5.2 External test power source. 11
5.3 Normal test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity . 11
5.3.2 Normal test power source . 11
5.3.2.1 Mains voltage . 11
5.3.2.2 Other power sources . 12
5.4 Extreme test conditions . 12
5.4.1 Extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures . 12
5.4.1.2 Extreme temperature ranges . 12
5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages . 12
5.4.2.1 Mains voltage . 12
5.4.2.2 Other power sources . 12
6 General conditions . 12
6.1 Test fixture . 13
6.1.1 Requirements . 13
6.1.2 Calibration . 13
6.1.3 General requirements for RF cables and waveguides . 14
6.1.4 Shielded anechoic chamber. 14
7 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters . 15
7.1 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitters in 77 GHz to 81 GHz band. 16
7.1.1 Permitted range of operating frequencies . 16
7.1.1.1 Definition . 16
7.1.1.2 Method of measurement . 16
7.1.1.3 Limits . 17
7.1.2 Maximum radiated average power spectral density (e.i.r.p.) . 17
7.1.2.1 Definition . 17
7.1.2.2 Method of measurement . 17
7.1.2.3 Limits . 18
7.1.3 Maximum radiated peak power spectral density (e.i.r.p.) . 18
7.1.3.1 Definition . 18
7.1.3.2 Method of measurement . 18
7.1.3.3 Limits . 19
7.2 Maximum radiated spurious and out-of-band emissions . 19
7.2.1 Definition . 19
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4 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
7.2.2 Measuring receiver . 19
7.2.3 Method of measurement for radiated spurious or out-of-band emissions . 19
7.2.4 Limits . 20
8 Methods of measurement and limits for receiver parameters . 20
8.1 Receiver spurious emissions. 20
8.1.1 Definition . 20
8.1.2 Method of measurement - radiated spurious emissions . 21
8.1.3 Limit . 21
9 Interpretation of measurement results . 22
9.1 Measurement uncertainty is equal to or less than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 22
9.2 Measurement uncertainty is greater than maximum acceptable uncertainty . 23
Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 24
A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields . 24
A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 24
A.2.1 Substitution antenna . 24
A.3 Indoor test site using a fully anechoic RF chamber . 24
A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber . 25
A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers . 26
A.3.3 Calibration of the shielded RF anechoic chamber . 27
Annex B (normative): General description of measurement methods . 28
B.1 Radiated measurements . 28
Annex C (informative): Example of modulation schemes. 29
C.1 Pseudo Noise Pulse Position Modulation (PN PPM) . 29
C.1.1 Definition . 29
C.1.2 Typical operation parameters . 30
C.2 Pulsed FH (Pulsed Frequency hopping) . 30
C.2.1 Definition . 30
C.2.2 Typical operation parameters . 31
C.2.3 Additional requirements for pulsed FH equipment measurement . 31
C.2.3.1 Pulsed FH modulation . 31
C.2.3.2 Measurement requirements . 31
C.3 PN-ASK (Pseudo noise coded amplitude shift keying) . 32
C.3.1 Definition . 32
C.3.2 Typical operation parameters . 33
C.4 PN-PSK (Pseudo noise coded phase shift keying) . 33
C.4.1 Definition . 33
C.4.2 Typical operation parameters . 34
C.5 Frequency modulated continuous wave . 34
C.5.1 Definition . 34
C.5.2 Typical operating parameters . 35
C.6 Combination of modulation types . 35
Annex D (normative): Installation requirements of 79 GHz Short Range Radar (SRR)
systems . 36
Annex E (informative): Conversion of power spectral density to e.i.r.p. . 37
E.1 Assumptions . 37
E.2 Example . 37
Annex F (informative): Bibliography . 38
History . 39
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5 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM), and is now submitted for the Public Enquiry phase
of the ETSI standards Two-step Approval Procedure.
For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes.
Equipment compliant with the present document is intended for fitment into road vehicles, therefore it is subject to
automotive EMC type approval and has to comply with Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4]. For use on vehicles
outside the scope of Commission Directive 2004/104/EC [i.4] compliance with an EMC directive/standard appropriate
for that use is required.
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical requirements and methods of measurement";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
Proposed national transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 3 months after ETSI publication
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 6 months after doa
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 6 months after doa
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6 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the technical requirements and methods of measurement for Short Range Devices
(SRD) working as broadband devices with at least 500 MHz occupied bandwidth in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz frequency
range, hereinafter referred to as the 79 GHz range, intended for Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT)
applications. Applications include e.g. Short Range Radar (SRR) for obstacle detection, stop&go, blind spot detection,
parking aid, backup aid, precrash and other automotive applications. Applications that might interfere with automotive
SRR systems, e.g. road infrastructure systems, are explicitly excluded.
The present document covers transmitters intended to operate in the frequency range as defined in the EC decision
2004/545/EC [i.2] and the ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 [i.1].
The document applies to:
a) transmitters in the 79 GHz range operating as broadband devices;
b) receivers operating in the 79 GHz range;
c) integrated transceivers in the 79 GHz range.
The present document:
• contains the technical characteristics and test methods for short range radar equipment fitted with integral
antennas operating in the 79 GHz range;
• covers short range radar vehicle applications in the 79 GHz range. It covers integrated transceivers and
separate transmit/receive modules.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
For online referenced documents, information sufficient to identify and locate the source shall be provided. Preferably,
the primary source of the referenced document should be cited, in order to ensure traceability. Furthermore, the
reference should, as far as possible, remain valid for the expected life of the document. The reference shall include the
method of access to the referenced document and the full network address, with the same punctuation and use of upper
case and lower case letters.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
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7 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] CISPR 16 (2006) (parts 1-1, 1-4 and 1-5): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus".
[2] ETSI TR 102 273 (all parts - V1.2.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the
corresponding measurement uncertainties; Part 2: Anechoic chamber".
[3] ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ECC decision ECC/DEC/(04)03 of 19 March 2004 on the frequency band 77 - 81 GHz to be
designated for the use of Automotive Short Range Radars.
[i.2] EC decision 2004/545/EC of 8 July 2004 on the harmonization of radio spectrum in the 79 GHz
range for the use of automotive short-range radar equipment in the Community.
[i.3] Radio Regulations: "International Telecommunication Union, Edition of 2004".
[i.4] Commission Directive 2004/104/EC of 14 October 2004 adapting to technical progress Council
Directive 72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference (electromagnetic compatibility) of vehicles
and amending Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
[i.5] ETSI EN 302 264-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short
Range Devices; Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Short Range Radar equipment
operating in the 77 GHz to 81 GHz band; Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
activity factor: actual on-the-air time divided by active session time or actual on-the-air emission time within a given
time window
associated antenna: antenna and all its associated components which are designed as an indispensable part of the
equipment
blanking period: time period where either no waveform or a constant waveform within the 79 GHz range occurs
boresight: axis of the main beam in a directional antenna
channel dwell time: accumulated amount of transmission time of uninterrupted continuous transmission within a single
given frequency channel and within one channel repetition interval
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8 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
duty cycle: ratio of the total on time of the "message" to the total off-time in any one hour period
NOTE: The device may be triggered either automatically or manually and depending on how the device is
triggered will also depend on whether the duty cycle is fixed or random. The duty cycle is categorized in
4 different duty cycle classes.
Equipment Under Test (EUT): radar sensor including the integrated antenna together with any external antenna
components which affect or influence its performance
equivalent pulse power duration: duration of an ideal rectangular pulse which has the same content of energy
compared with the pulse shape of the EUT with pulsed modulation or on-off gating
equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.): total power or power spectral density transmitted, assuming an
isotropic radiator
NOTE: e.i.r.p. is conventionally the product of "power or power spectral density into the antenna" and "antenna
gain". e.i.r.p. is used for both peak or average power and peak or average power spectral density.
on-off gating: methods of transmission with fixed or randomly quiescent period that is much larger than the PRF
operating frequency (operating centre frequency): nominal frequency at which equipment is operated
NOTE: Equipment may be able to operate at more than one operating frequency.
operating frequency range: range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted through
switching or reprogramming or oscillator tuning
NOTE 1: For pulsed or phase shifting systems without further carrier tuning the operating frequency range is fixed
on a single carrier line.
NOTE 2: For analogue or discrete frequency modulated systems (FSK, FMCW) the operating frequency range
covers the difference between minimum and maximum of all carrier frequencies on which the equipment
can be adjusted.
peak envelope power: mean power (round mean square for sinusoidal carrier wave type) supplied from the antenna
during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions (see
Radio Regulations [i.3])
Power Spectral Density (PSD): ratio of the amount of power to the used radio measurement bandwidth
NOTE: It is expressed in units of dBm/Hz or as a power in unit dBm with respect to the used bandwidth.
In case of measurement with a spectrum analyser the measurement bandwidth is equal the RBW.
precrash: time before the crash occurs when safety mechanism is deployed
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF): inverse of the Pulse Repetition Interval, averaged over a time sufficiently long as
to cover all PRI variations
Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI): time between the rising edges of the transmitted (pulsed) output power
quiescent period: time instant where no intentional emission occurs
radome: external protective cover which is independent of the associated antenna, and which may contribute to the
overall performance of the antenna (and hence, the EUT)
spatial radiated power density: power per unit area normal to the direction of the electromagnetic wave propagation
2
NOTE: Spatial radiated power density is expressed in units of W/m .
spread spectrum: modulation technique in which the energy of a transmitted signal is spread throughout a larger
frequency range
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9 Draft ETSI EN 302 264-1 V1.1.1 (2008-09)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
λ Wavelength
ac alternating current
B Bandwidth
B Frequency hopping bandwidth
FH
d largest dimension of the antenna aperture
D distance of ferrite beads
fb
E Field strength
E Reference field strength
o
f C
...
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