ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)

Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Service Layer Requirements to integrate NGN Services and IPTV

RTS/TISPAN-01059-NGN-R3

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-Jul-2009
• Technical Committee: TISPAN 1 - TISPAN Services
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 02-Jul-2009
• Completion Date: 21-Jul-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical Specification
Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN);
Service Layer Requirements to integrate
NGN Services and IPTV
2 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)

Reference
RTS/TISPAN-01059-NGN-R3
Keywords
IP, layer 7, service, TV
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3 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 6
Foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 8
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 11
4 Overview on TISPAN IPTV services. . 12
4.1 IPTV roles . 13
4.2 TISPAN IPTV services . 14
5 Service requirements . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Generic Entertainment Requirements . 17
5.3 Security . 20
5.4 Charging . 20
5.5 Service Discovery. 20
5.6 Service Delivery . 20
5.7 User Profile . 21
5.8 Parental Control . 21
5.9 Interoperability . 21
5.10 Internationalizatio n . 21
5.11 Terminal Provisioning . 21
5.12 Service Provisioning. 22
5.13 Quality of Experience . 22
5.13a Application Level QoS . 22
5.14 User profiling and Recommendation . 22
5.15 Advertising . 23
5.16 External content . 23
6 Interaction of IPTV Services and other TISPAN Services. 24
6.1 General . 24
6.1.1 Presence . 24
6.1.2 Direct Communication . 25
6.1.3 Immediate Messaging . 25
6.1.4 Video Telephony . 26
6.1.5 Multimedia Telephony . 26
7 Interaction with IPTV Services . 26
7.1 Interaction Channel . 26
7.2 Notifications . 26
Annex A (informative): TISPAN IPTV services descriptions . 27
A.1 Entertaining . 27
A.1.1 Broadcast TV . 27
A.1.1a Time-shift TV (tsTV) . 27
A.1.2 Personal Video Recording . 27
A.1.3 Pay Per View (PPV) . 28
A.1.4 Content on Demand (CoD) . 28
A.1.5 Near CoD (nCoD) . 28
A.1.6 Interactive TV . 28
A.1.7 Push CoD. 29
A.1.8 Audio . 29
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4 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
A.2 Regulatory and Governmental requirements . 29
A.2.1 Emergency Information . 30
A.2.2 Lawful Interception (LI) . 30
A.2.3 Applications for the disabled . 30
A.2.4 Content advisories . 30
A.2.5 Educational facilities . 30
A.3 Advertising . 31
A.3.1 Advertising mechanisms . 31
A.3.2 Traditional broadcast advertising in IPTV . 31
A.3.3 Advertising developments . 31
A.4 Service information . 32
A.4.1 Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) . 32
A.4.2 Electronic Service Guide (ESG) . 33
A.4.3 Service Discovery and selection . 34
A.4.4 IPTV User Profile . 34
A.4.5 Parental control services . 34
A.4.6 Notification services . 35
A.4.7 Content Recommendation . 35
A.5 Hybrid services . 35
A.6 External Content and Content Aggregation . 36
A.7 Use case examples for IPTV and NGN services interaction . 37
A.7.1 Watching Apart Together . 37
A.7.1.1 Use case: chatting during live TV . 37
A.7.1.2 Use case: videoconference during live TV . 37
A.7.1.3 Use case: recommending programs . 37
A.7.2 Presence based games . 37
A.7.3 Incoming call management. 38
A.7.4 Seamless switching among devices . 38
A.7.4a Seamless Replication of an IPTV service among devices . 38
A.7.5 Content sharing on a multimedia conference . 38
A.7.6 Immediate messages sharing with all the user watching the same program . 39
A.7.7 Sharing the remote control . 39
A.7.7.1 Use case: joint control over CoD movie . 39
A.7.7.2 Use case: follow a buddies' zapping behaviour during live TV . 39
A.8 Service examples defined by other organizations . 39
A.8.1 Service examples from OMA BCAST . 39
A.8.2 Service examples from DVB CBMS . 40
A.9 Miscellaneous service examples . 40
A.9.1 User-Generated Content . 40
A.9.1.1 Use case: Home movie sharing, upload . 41
A.9.1.2 Use case: Home movie sharing, streaming . 41
A.9.1.3 Use case: UGC on STB without storage . 41
A.9.1.4 Use case: Game show participation . 41
A.9.1.5 Use case: Live User Generated Content consumption . 41
A.9.2 Games . 42
A.9.3 Pictures . 42
A.9.4 Content markers . 42
A.9.5 User participation . 42
A.9.6 Synchronization-sensitive interactive services . 43
A.9.6.1 Watching Apart Together . 44
A.9.6.2 Gaming Apart Together . 44
A.9.6.3 Remote game show participation . 44
A.9.7 Use Cases for Hybrid PVR . 44
A.10 Use case examples for Personalized Channel . 45
A.10.1 Use case: personalized channel configuration . 45
A.10.2 Use case: startup with personalized channel . 45
A.10.3 Use case: content targeting during personalized channel breaks . 45
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5 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
A.11 Use case examples for content preview. 45
A.12 Use case examples for Personalized Service Composition . 46
A.12.1 Use case: personalized broadcast service composition settings . 46
A.12.2 Use case: personalized content-on-demand service composition settings . 46
A.13 Use case examples for IPTV Roaming . 46
A.13.1 Use case: IPTV Roaming without IPTV Service Provider in visited network . 46
A.13.2 Use case: IPTV Roaming with IPTV Service Provider in visited network . 47
Annex B (informative): Change history . 48
Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 49
History . 50

ETSI
6 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Telecommunications and Internet
converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN).
ETSI
7 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
1 Scope
The present document is to describe the Service Layer requirements for IPTV service within NGN especially focusing
on the integration of IPTV services with the communication services defined in TISPAN.
This work complements the working item initiated for addressing the transport layer network capabilities in order to
support IPTV services.
The present document is complementary to the TS 181 014 "Requirements for Network Transport Capabilities to
support IPTV Services" [3].
The present document shall not preclude the service to be supported in a converged (fixed - mobile) scenario.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the
purposes of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
[1] OMA-RD-BCAST-V1_0-20090212-A: "Mobile Broadcast Services Requirements".
NOTE: Available at
http://member.openmobilealliance.org/ftp/Public_documents/BCAST/Permanent_documents/OMA-RD-
BCAST-V1_0-20090212-A.zip.
[2] ETSI TS 181 001: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Videotelephony over NGN; Stage 1 service description".
[3] ETSI TS 181 014: "Telecommunications and Internet Converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Requirements for network transport capabilities to support
IPTV services".
[4] ETSI TS 182 008: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Presence Service; Architecture and functional description
[Endorsement of 3GPP TS 23.141 and OMA-AD-Presence-SIMPLE-V1-0]".
[5] ETSI TS 181 006: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Direct Communication Service in NGN; Service Description
[Endorsement of OMA-ERELD-PoC-V1]".
ETSI
8 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
[6] ETSI TS 122 340: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); IP Multimedia
Subsystem (IMS) messaging; Stage 1 (3GPP TS 22.340 version 7.0.0 Release 7)".
[7] ETSI TS 181 002: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Multimedia Telephony with PSTN/ISDN simulation services".
[8] ETSI TS 187 001 (V2.1.5): "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols
for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN SECurity (SEC); Requirements".
[9] ETSI TS 181 005: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Services and Capabilities Requirements".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
[i.1] ETSI TR 180 000: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN Terminology".
[i.2] ETSI TS 187 005: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN Release 2 Lawful Interception; Stage 2 definition".
[i.3] ETSI TS 182 019: "Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for
Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Content Delivery Network (CDN) architecture -
Interconnection with TISPAN IPTV architectures".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
broadcast TV: television programming transmitted and intended for reception by anyone within range of the
transmitter or lawfully connected to a cable distribution system but where the consumer has no control over the content
or timing of what he receives, apart from the ability to select a particular channel
NOTE: There is no interactivity between user and the service or content providers. It is sometimes referred to as
"Linear TV".
channel change: specific action initiated by an end-user (e.g. push remote control button) at time t0 through which the
presentation of a previous channel is replaced by the presentation of the new channel of broadcast TV service, as
selected by the end-user
channel change time: time elapsed between the moment the end-user selects a new channel and the moment this
channel is presented at the final quality level of the channel
consumer: domain where the IPTV services are consumed
NOTE: The consumer domain may consist of a single terminal used directly for service consumption or may be a
complex network of terminals and related devices, including consumer operated mobile devices. The
domain itself may also be a mobile end device. In this case, the delivery system of a transport provider
would be a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN). A single consumer domain may be connected via
two or more networks to a number of service providers obtaining content from multiple content providers.
consumer network: network owned and operated by an end-user relying on the services of a transport provider for
external connectivity; in this context, the definition includes home networks, wireless "hot spots", hotel networks, etc.
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9 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
Consumer-Originated Content (COC): content generated by a user for the purpose of making it available to other
users
NOTE: The content may be private, or intended for a restricted audience or intended for unrestricted audience. It
is the equivalent of User-Generated Content.
content aggregation: aggregation of Broadcast Channels (BC) and content titles (CoD) among content and service
providers
Content on Demand (CoD): users can select their required content with the assistance of the Electronic Programme
Guide (EPG) at the user preferred time
NOTE: The content is then transmitted uniquely (unicast) to that consumer who can usually use VCR-like
functionalities (for example, fast-forward, rewind or pause) to control their viewing of the content. A
special form of Content on Demand (CoD) is Video on Demand (VoD).
Content Provider (CP): entity that owns or is licensed to sell content or content assets
downloadable applications: interactive applications downloaded to IPTV Terminal device if and when invoked by
subscriber, or service provider
Electronic Programme Guide (EPG): assistance tool which helps users to locate the content they want and to
facilitate the selection of IPTV services for watching, recording, etc.
Electronic Service Guide (ESG): enables service and content providers to describe the services and content they make
available, or offer for subscription or purchase
NOTE: It also enables a method for describing how to access the services. From the user perspective the ESG can
be seen as an entry point to discover the currently available or scheduled services and content and to filter
those based on their preferences. Furthermore, the ESG provides the entry point to interactive services.
The ESG consists of both EPG and interactivity data.
external content: content which the consumer acquires from a CP which is not the IPTV SP, but which is acquired via
the IPTV SP
NOTE 1: A business relationship needs to exist between the CP and the IPTV SP prior to the acquisition. The IPTV
SP delivers the content to the consumer making use of the services capabilities provided by the NGN SP.
External content may be recommended by the IPTV SP or integrated into the IPTV SP content offers.
NOTE 2: The content provider role includes content brokers acting as CP and is not limited to content producers.
interaction channel: logical channel for point-to-point communication through which the UE interacts with the IPTV
Services
interactive TV: delivers functionality beyond that generally associated with the traditional television reception where
the consumer can interact with the program content
interactivity data: contains information that is used by the UE to offer interactive services to the user, where the
services are associated with the broadcast or on-demand content
inter-destination media synchronization: synchronization of media units such that they are outputted simultaneously
at different destinations
NOTE: These interactive services enable users to e.g. vote during TV shows or to obtain content related to the
broadcast content.
IPTV Service Provider: entity that offers IPTV services to the Customers making use of the services capabilities
provided by the NGN Service Provider
IPTV solution: composition of functions and interfaces needed to provide the IPTV service
media action data: information about actions that are performed to control the media
NOTE: These actions may have been performed by the user, by network elements that constitute the IPTV
solution or by external applications.
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10 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
native applications: interactive applications that are part of the in-built software or permanently downloaded with the
IPTV Terminal Device software in order to interact with the IPTV Terminal device hardware and to provide a quick
response
NGN Service Provider: entity that offers NGN based services which shares a consistent set of policies and common
technologies
near CoD: similar to CoD but sent to the user by multicast rather than unicast
NOTE: Service providers often transmit the same material over several channels, each with a different start time
and may decide to open channels to successive users can receive the content from whatever point it has
reached when they join (much like Broadcast TV). Users can also opt to join the programme at its next
scheduled start time.
non-IPTV terminal device applications: web or mobile applications that interact with the IPTV system to modify the
settings of the IPTV environment or extend the IPTV experience to these devices
non-linear AV services: any audiovisual media services where the user decides upon the moment in time when a
specific programme is transmitted on the basis of a choice of content selected by the service provider
Pay Per View (PPV): offering of pay-television broadcasts to consumers in such a manner that they can make a
"one-off" purchase of a particular programme event (for example, a boxing match) separately from their regular
package or subscription
NOTE: The programme event is shown at the same time to everyone ordering it (as opposed to a CoD programme
event).
Personalized Channel: particular list of programs that is scheduled on the basis of the user profile, in which each
program is selected from the EPG/ESG that is available to the user, including BC channels or packages and CoD
categories
NOTE: Personalized Channel is equivalent to Virtual Channel or Personal Channel.
Personalized Service Composition: service offering alternative streams, either alternative video streams
(e.g. camera-angles), audio streams (e.g. audio languages) or text streams (e.g. subtitles), where users can select their
preferred content streams for personalized consumption
Personal Video Recorder (PVR): service whereby the user can store video content from Broadcast TV and replay it at
any convenient time
NOTE: This can be achieved using either a client device or cPVR where the storage device forms part of the
consumer network or a network facility (nPVR). Consumers can lease disk space from a provider and
select content for storage, as required. Recording takes place at the network server and can be
downloaded at a later time as required, again using VCR-like functionality.
Push CoD: service where content is pre-loaded to the IPTV terminal equipment local storage by the IPTV Service
Provider based on user subscription
NOTE: The user may have no direct control of what content is downloaded. The IPTV Service Provider may
make the choice based on users' preferences and habits. Content is available on local storage for direct
consumption by user and the user has control over viewed content.
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11 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
Quality of Experience (QoE): purely subjective measure from the user's perspective of the overall value of the service
provided
NOTE: Apart from its being user dependent, it will invariably be influenced by the user's terminal device (LD or
HDTV), his environment (in the car or at home), his expectations (mobile or corded telephone), the nature
of the content and its importance (a simple yes/no message or an orchestral concert). Mean Opinion
Score used for assessing the quality of telephone connections is a limited form of QoE measurement
process, relating to a specific media type, in a controlled environment and without specific user
expectations. For video, the methods of monitoring objective performance are discussed in other
organizations such as ITU-T. For example, there exists related work on "FR"(Full Reference),
"RR"(Reduced Reference) and "NR"(No Reference) concepts.
Scalable Video Coding: video coding scheme that allows for hierarchical compression in the sense that decoding a
particular layer depend on one or more enhancement layers
NOTE 1: Scalability may be in three dimensions, i.e. spatial (resolution), temporal (frame rate), and quality (SNR).
NOTE 2: Such encoding schemes depend on the targeted application. Depending on the context, the enhancement
layers could be transmitted or filtered in any node the stream crosses, including the sender and the
receiver.
server-based applications: network-accessible interactive applications that are accessed via remote terminal services,
for example to save on the processing and storage requirements on the IPTV Terminal equipment, these can be run
externally on Interactive Application Servers
service discovery: process through which the UE acquires the information about available services including location
of Electronic Service Guide (ESG)
Service Provider (SP): entity providing a service to the subscriber
NOTE: Different types of service providers may be relevant for television services on IP, see IPTV Service
Provider and NGN Service Provider.
time-shift TV: facility whereby audio visual information can be stored in the network (see nPVR) whilst it is being
broadcast and remain available for later viewing
NOTE: The user is able to start the playback before or after the recording finishes, or use any of the usual VCR
functions, as required.
transport provider: entity connecting consumers and Service Providers
NOTE: The delivery system usually is composed of access networks and core or backbone networks, which may
use a variety of network technologies and be owned by a number of different operators.
trick modes: facility to allow the user to control the playback of content, such as pause, fast and slow playback, reverse
playback, rewinding, jumping forwards or backwards, playing at double speed, etc.
User-Generated Content (UGC): content generated by a user for the purpose of making it available to other users
NOTE: The content may be private, or intended for a restricted audience or intended for unrestricted audience. It
is the equivalent of Consumer-Originated Content.
VCR functions: common functionalities of a video cassette recorder, such as select/cancel, start, stop, pause (with or
without freeze frame), fast forward, reverse, scan forward or reverse (both with or without image), and setting and
resetting memory marks
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
API Application Programming Interface
AV AudioVisual
BC Broadcast Channels
CB Content Broker
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12 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
CBMS Convergence of Broadcast and Mobile Services
CDN Content Delivery Network
COC Consumer-Originated Content
CoD Content on Demand
CP Content Provider
cPVR client Personal Video Recorder (see also PVR, nPVR)
DRM Digital Rights Management
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-H Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld
DVB-SI Digital Video Broadcasting - Service Information
DVD Digital Video Disk
EPG Electronic Programme Guide (see also IPG)
ESG Electronic Service Guide
FR Full Reference
HD/HDTV High Definition (TV)
HLFR High-Level Functional Requirement
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP Internet Protocol
IPG Interactive Programme Guide (see also EPG)
IPR Intellectual Property Rights
IPTV Internet Protocol TeleVision
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
LD Low Definition (TV)
LI Lawful Interception
MCD Media Content Distribution
nCoD near Content-on-Demand (see also CoD)
NGN Next Generation Network
nPVR network Personal Video Recorder (see also PVR, cPVR)
NR No Reference
PAP Picture and Picture
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PIP Picture In Picture
PPV Pay Per View
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PVR Personal Video Recorder
QoE Quality of Experience
QoS Quality of Service
RR Reduced Reference
SD Standard Definition (TV)
SD&S Service Discovery and Service selection
SNR Signal to Noise Ratio
SP Service Provider
SR Special Report
STB Set-Top Box
TR Technical Report
TS Technical Specification
UE User Equipment
UGC User-Generated Content
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UP User Profile
VCR Video Cassette Recording
VoD Video on Demand
VoIP Voice Over Internet Protocol
WWAN Wireless Wide Area Network
4 Overview on TISPAN IPTV services
Several standards on IPTV services are evolving in other standards organizations, including DVB, ATIS IIF and OMA.
The ETSI TISPAN architecture shall provide the necessary capabilities to support the IPTV service requirements
considering the services covered by the present document.
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13 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
The TISPAN-NGN network should be aware of an ongoing IPTV service provision in order to be able to provide the
correct handling of IPTV service.
IPTV services require that the video be stored in multiple coding schemes (and DRM methods) to support a variety of
screen resolutions and access bandwidths. IPTV services support in Fixed Mobile Convergence network is required.
The present document is complementary to TS 181 014 [3].
4.1 IPTV roles
To provide IPTV services to the users, different roles could be identified within an NGN. Figure 1 represents all the
roles identified for IPTV service.

Content Domain
Content Provider
Consumer Domain
Service Domain
IPTV Service Provider
NGN Service Provider
Consumer
Transport Domain
Transport Provider
Figure 1
Grouping of some or all of the different roles under the same administrative environment is an operator option, as
defined in NGN operator role in [9]. For example the IPTV Service Provider and the NGN Service Provider may
belong to the same administrative environment, or the Content Provider, the IPTV Service Provider, the NGN Service
Provider and the Transport Provider may all belong to the same or different administrative environments.
The roles are described as follows:
The Content Provider is the entity that owns or is licensed to sell content or content assets. Although the IPTV Service
Provider is the primary source for the Consumer, a direct logical information flow may be set up between Content
Provider and Consumer, for example for rights management and content protection. How the Content Provider receipts
content from its owners is outside the scope of the present document. Consumers may also be originators of content.
The IPTV Service Provider is the entity that offers IPTV services to the Customers making use of the services
capabilities provided by the NGN Service Provider. It can perform user authentication at the application level. This
entity may also provide metadata, content encryption and physical binaries. How the IPTV Service Provider receipts
content from the Content Provider is outside the scope of the present document. The IPTV Service Provider may offer
wholesale content aggregation services to Content Providers enabling the dynamic delivery of Broadcast Channels (BC)
and content titles (CoD) between Content Domain and Service Domain.
NOTE 1: This role is based on the Application Provider role defined in [9] and it is specialized in the context of the
IPTV service.
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14 ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07)
The NGN Service Provider is the entity that offers NGN based services which shares a consistent set of policies and
common technologies. The NGN Service Provider provides common functionalities e.g. user service authentication and
identification, service control, charging, etc. Several IPTV Service Providers can use the same NSP to deliver IPTV
services to the Customers. The NGN Service Provider may also provide IPTV service.
NOTE 2: This role is based on the NGN Service Provider role defined in [9] and it is specialized in the context of
the IPTV service.
The Transport Provider is the entity connecting the Consumer and the Service Providers.
The Consumer is the entity where the IPTV services are consumed.
4.2 TISPAN IPTV services
The
...