ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)

SmartM2M; Strategic/technical approach on how to achieve interoperability/interworking of existing standardized IoT Platforms

RTR/SmartM2M-103536v112

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Dec-2019
• Technical Committee: SmartM2M - Smart M2M
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 07-Jan-2020
• Completion Date: 20-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)






TECHNICAL REPORT
SmartM2M;
Strategic/technical approach on how to achieve
interoperability/interworking
of existing standardized IoT Platforms

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2 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)



Reference
RTR/SmartM2M-103536v112
Keywords
interoperability, IoT, IoT platforms, oneM2M,
SAREF, semantic
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3 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 8
Foreword . 8
Modal verbs terminology . 8
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 10
1.1 Context for the present document . 10
1.2 Scope of the present document . 10
2 References . 11
2.1 Normative references . 11
2.2 Informative references . 11
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 15
3.1 Terms . 15
3.2 Symbols . 16
3.3 Abbreviations . 16
4 Platforms Interoperability in the context of IoT . 18
4.1 A global approach to IoT Systems . 18
4.1.1 Major characteristics of IoT systems . 18
4.1.2 The need for an "IoT-centric" view . 19
4.1.2.1 Introduction . 19
4.1.2.2 Roles . 19
4.1.2.3 Reference Architecture(s) . 19
4.1.2.4 Guidelines . 20
4.2 Main objectives of the present document . 20
4.3 Purpose and target group . 20
4.4 Content of the present document . 20
5 The IoT Platforms Landscape . 21
5.1 A framework for IoT Platforms . 21
5.1.1 Expectations and definition. 21
5.1.2 Challenges. 22
5.1.2.1 Flexibility, versatility . 22
5.1.2.2 Semantic Interoperability . 22
5.1.2.3 Flexible deployment models . 23
5.1.2.4 Open and efficient implementations. 23
5.1.2.5 Non-functional properties . 23
5.1.2.6 Security . 23
5.1.2.7 Privacy and data confidentiality . 24
5.1.2.7 Integration with legacy . 24
5.2 An IoT Platforms Landscape . 24
5.2.1 Fragmentation and lack of maturity . 24
5.2.2 A typology of platforms . 24
5.2.2.1 Main dimensions for platform analysis . 24
5.2.2.2 Scope and breadth . 25
5.2.2.3 Openness . 25
5.2.2.4 Origin and governance . 26
5.2.2.5 Ecosystem . 28
5.2.2.6 Maturity . 28
5.2.2.7 A classification of Platforms . 29
5.2.3 Finding a way in the jungle of platforms . 29
5.2.3.1 Introduction . 29
5.2.3.2 Platforms identified by UNIFY-IoT and the IoT-EPI . 30
5.2.3.3 Platforms in the IoT Large Scale Pilots. 30
5.2.3.4 Emerging approaches: Marketplaces and APIs . 32
5.3 Standardized IoT Platforms . 33
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4 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
5.3.1 Characterization of Standardized IoT Platforms . 33
5.3.2 oneM2M . 33
5.3.2.1 Scope . 33
5.3.2.2 Architecture . 34
5.3.2.3 Interoperability and other aspects . 35
5.3.3 The OCF Platform . 36
5.3.3.1 The Ecosystem . 36
5.3.3.2 The Interoperability . 36
5.3.3.3 The Architecture . 36
5.3.4 The Apache Platform . 37
5.3.4.1 The Ecosystem . 37
5.3.4.2 Some elements of the platform. 38
5.3.5 Point solutions and the challenge of integration . 39
5.3.5.1 Fitting point solutions in global platforms . 39
5.3.5.2 Stand-alone or cloud-based solutions: two examples . 39
5.3.5.3 The role of integration . 40
6 Dealing with Interoperability . 40
6.1 Strategic Approaches to Interoperability . 40
6.2 Technical Approaches to Interoperability . 41
6.2.1 A program for evolution . 41
6.2.2 The Internet of Things (IoT): The basic objectives of IoT platforms . 42
6.2.3 The WoT: a step towards interoperability of IoT platforms . 42
6.2.4 The SWoT: The foundations for semantic interoperability of IoT platforms . 42
6.3 Interoperability Frameworks . 42
6.3.1 The AIOTI Reference Framework . 42
6.3.2 Other Interoperability Frameworks . 43
6.3.3 Interoperability examples of use-cases . 44
6.4 The challenge of IoT Deployment . 44
6.4.1 Key technologies and design requirements . 44
6.4.2 Interoperability in Smart Cities . 45
6.5 Criteria for Interoperability . 45
7 The case of Industrial IoT . 47
7.1 The challenges of Industrial IoT . 47
7.1.1 The role of Industrial IoT in Smart Manufacturing . 47
7.1.1.1 Smart Manufacturing . 47
7.1.1.2 Industrial IoT. 48
7.1.2 IIoT: a major segment of the IoT with significant specificities . 49
7.1.2.1 A major business segment . 49
7.1.2.2 Differences with traditional Operational Technology (OT) . 49
7.1.2.3 Differences with consumer IoT . 49
7.1.3 Expected Benefits of IIoT . 50
7.1.4 Challenges and barriers to, and strategies for the adoption of IIoT . 52
7.1.4.1 The current situation: A Progressive Adoption . 52
7.1.4.2 On the importance of legacy: Greenfield vs Brownfield . 52
7.1.4.3 Technical barriers to adoption . 52
7.1.4.4 Strategic choices and their impact on platforms . 53
7.2 Using Standardized Platforms in IIoT . 54
7.2.1 Technical aspects . 54
7.2.2 Connectivity . 54
7.2.2.1 The importance of legacy . 54
7.2.2.2 Greenfield: starting from scratch . 54
7.2.2.3 Brownfield: integrating (with) legacy . 55
7.2.3 Interoperability and the role of Semantics . 56
7.2.4 IoT Virtualization and the role of Cloud . 57
7.2.4.1 IoT Virtualization . 57
7.2.4.2 Virtualization in the context of IIoT . 58
7.2.5 Data Management and Analysis . 58
7.2.6 Business Processes and Enterprise view . 59
7.2.6.1 The need for Vertical Integration . 59
7.2.6.2 The Impact of IIoT . 60
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5 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
7.2.7 Software Development . 61
7.3 Platform adoption: proprietary or open/standardized . 62
7.3.1 Proprietary platforms . 62
7.3.1.1 Benefits and limits of proprietary platforms . 62
7.3.1.2 Issues in coupling proprietary platforms and open/standardized platforms . 62
7.3.2 A review of IIoT Platforms . 63
7.3.2.1 Introduction . 63
7.3.2.2 Standardized Platforms . 63
7.3.2.3 Open Source Platforms . 63
7.3.2.4 Industry Groups Platforms . 63
7.3.2.5 Proprietary Platforms . 65
7.3.3 Conclusions. 66
8 Conclusions . 66
8.1 Lessons learned . 66
8.2 Guidelines and Recommendations . 67
8.2.1 Introduction. 67
8.2.2 Strategy Recommendations . 68
8.2.3 Technical Recommendations . 70
8.2.4 Recommendations to oneM2M . 70
Annex A: IoT Platforms identified by UNIFY-IoT and IoT-EPI . 72
A.1 The platforms identified by UNIFY-IoT . 72
A.2 The platforms in the IoT-EPI projects . 72
History . 74


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6 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
List of figures
Figure 1: AIOTI 3-Layer Functional Model.22
Figure 2: The Three IoT Software Stacks .23
Figure 3: Functional components of ACTIVAGE IoT platforms .31
Figure 4: The platforms across the AUTOPILOT Use Cases .32
Figure 5: oneM2M high level architecture .34
Figure 6: oneM2M functional architecture .35
Figure 7: Building Blocks of OCF architecture .37
Figure 8: The example of the Apache Hadoop ecosystem .37
Figure 9: AIOTI HLA Functional Model .43
Figure 10: Synthetic view of interoperability dimensions .46
Figure 11: Manufacturing Pyramid .48
Figure 12: Cyber-Physical Production Systems .48
Figure 13: The potential of Cloud-Native Infrastructures .57
Figure 14: An HLA for IoT Virtualization .58
Figure 15: OPC-UA multiple queries support .61
Figure 16: OPC-UA support for Information Models .64
Figure 17: OPC UA Companion Specifications - The example of EUROMAP .65
Figure 18: Risk of double work and approaches in the Companion Specifications .65
Figure 19: oneM2M OPC-UA Interworking and Functional Architecture with IPE .71
Figure A.1: UNIFY-IoT: Leading IoT Platforms selected for in-depth analysis.72


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7 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
List of tables
Table 1: A classification of platforms .29
Table 2: Examples of Apache Software Components .38
Table 3: Expected benefits of Industrial IoT .50
Table 4: IIoT Platform selection scenarios .53
Table 5: Scenarios for Control Systems modifications .55
Table 6: Functional Level of Activities .59
Table A.1: Platforms used by the IoT EPI Projects .73


ETSI

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8 ETSI TR 103 536 V1.1.2 (2019-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
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Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI
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