ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM); Interworking with DiffServ QoS

RTS/SES-00357

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Dec-2015
• Technical Committee: SES SCN - Satellite Communications and Navigation
• Current Stage: 12 - Completion
• Due Date: 03-Dec-2015
• Completion Date: 18-Dec-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM);
Interworking with DiffServ QoS

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2 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)



Reference
RTS/SES-00357
Keywords
broadband, interworking, IP, multimedia, QoS,
satellite
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3 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 10
4 Overview . 11
5 DiffServ BSM Functional Architecture. 12
5.0 Aim and Scope . 12
5.1 Overall BSM DiffServ Architecture . 12
5.2 ST DiffServ Architecture . 14
5.2.0 Overview . 14
5.2.1 DiffServ Functions . 15
5.2.1.0 Introduction . 15
5.2.1.1 User-Plane Functions . 15
5.2.1.2 Control-Plane Functions . 16
5.2.2 Detailed Functional Architecture . 17
5.2.2.0 U- and C-plane operations . 17
5.2.2.1 Ingress ST DiffServ Functions . 19
5.2.2.1.0 Detailed Functional Architecture . 19
5.2.2.1.1 RSVP . 20
5.2.2.1.2 NSIS . 21
5.2.2.2 Egress ST DiffServ Functions . 21
6 DiffServ QID Management . . 21
6.0 Aim and Scope . 21
6.1 Description . 21
6.2 QID Relationship to SD Resource Reservation . 22
6.2.0 QID-to-SD Mapping . 22
6.2.1 Static SD Resources . 23
6.2.1.0 Overview . 23
6.2.1.1 Static QIDs . 23
6.2.1.2 Dynamic QIDs . 23
6.2.2 Dynamic SD Resources . 24
6.2.2.0 Overview . 24
6.2.2.1 Static QIDs . 25
6.2.2.2 Dynamic QIDs . 25
6.2.3 Summary . 26
6.3 QID Relationship to SI layers. 26
6.3.0 DiffServ Per Hop Behaviours (PHBs) . 26
6.3.1 Best Effort . 27
6.3.2 Expedited Forwarding. 28
6.3.3 Assured Forwarding . 29
6.3.4 Class Selector . 30
6.3.5 Summary . 31
Annex A (informative): Relationship to the RSM-B Air Interface family (DVB-RCS) . 32
A.0 General . 32
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4 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
A.1 SATLIFE satellite system summary . 32
A.2 SATLIFE QoS model . 33
A.3 RCST/NCC Model . 35
A.3.0 Overview . 35
A.3.1 User Plane . 35
A.3.2 Control Plane . 36
Annex B (informative): Relationship to the TSS-A Air Interface Family (DVB-RCS) . 37
Annex C (informative): DiffServ DSCPs . 38
Annex D (informative): Bibliography . 39
History . 40


ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and
Systems (SES).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
The BSM architecture is characterized by the separation between common Satellite-Independent (SI) protocol layers
and alternative lower Satellite-Dependent (SD) layers, which are connected through the Satellite Independent Service
Access Point (SI-SAP) [1]. The general issues concerning the architecture of BSM systems are described in ETSI
TR 101 984 [i.1], further specific requirements and functional models for Quality of Service (QoS) concerning
IP-over-satellite aspects are presented in ETSI TR 101 985 [i.2] and ETSI TR 102 157 [i.3].
In general the SI-SAP offers an agnostic interface to whichever SD layer is used. So QoS provision in the BSM
architecture has to face the issue of traversing the SI-SAP interface by means of standardized signalling, which is
expected to enable on one side maintaining compatibility with existing QoS functions required in the IP layers and
above, and on the other side communication to the lower layer entities deputed to QoS accomplishment.
At the IP layer, two principal techniques for QoS provision exist: DiffServ [7], and RSVP/IntServ [4], [5]. At the SD
layers more sophisticated QoS methods are closely linked to lower layer resource management and control, they
strongly depend on the satellite technology adopted and on the particular implementation.
For QoS provision in a BSM network the concept of QIDs (Queue Identifiers) is a key concept [2]. They represent
abstract queues, each with a defined class of service, for transfer of IP packets to the SD layers. The satellite dependent
lower layers are responsible for assigning satellite capacity and/or particular forwarding behaviour to these abstract
queues according to defined properties. The reader should in particular refer to ETSI TS 102 463 [i.14], for a detailed
description of QIDs and of the associated primitives.
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6 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
1 Scope
The aim of the present document is to define an open specification for enabling QoS for IP-based multimedia satellite
systems, based on the DiffServ model. If IP packets entering the BSM network require a particular QoS treatment, they
have to be mapped onto QIDs. The choice of the QID to be used inside the BSM network is thus particularly important.
So the present document specifies the allocation of the QIDs and their mapping to IP QoS classes, when DiffServ is
used to provide QoS at IP layer. The present document assumes the QoS functional architecture described in ETSI
TS 102 462 [2].
The present document describes in detail how QIDs are defined, how they are allocated and handled by the BSM
network, and the requirements needed by sending and receiving Satellite Terminals (STs) in a BSM network to provide
QID management functionalities. The present document also defines the primitives that should be used across the
SI-SAP when allocating QIDs, when mapping DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs) and IP services to QIDs, when mapping
QIDs to SD queues.
Details on the QID mapping are presented with some examples. Some cases are presented to show the potential
evolution from a simple QoS solution with quasi-static QID allocation to more sophisticated services with dynamic
resource reservation.
The combination of DiffServ with multicast transmissions is out of scope of the present document, as well as the use of
Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), which was linked to DiffServ only for historical reasons, as the ECN bits are
the two least significant bits of the IPv4 ToS octet. This is better explained in clause 4.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI TS 102 357: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Common Air interface specification; Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP)
interface: Primitives".
[2] ETSI TS 102 462: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); QoS Functional Architecture".
[3] IETF RFC 3168: "The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP",
September 2001.
[4] IETF RFC 1633: "Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview", June 1994.
[5] IETF RFC 2210: "The Use of RSVP with IETF Integrated Services", September 1997.
[6] IETF RFC 2474: "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6
Headers", December 1998.
[7] IETF RFC 2475: "An Architecture for Differentiated Service", December 1998.
[8] IETF RFC 2597: "Assured Forwarding PHB Group", June 1999.
[9] IETF RFC 3246: "An Expedited Forwarding PHB (Per-Hop Behavior)", March 2002.
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7 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
[10] IETF RFC 3247: "Supplemental Information for the New Definition of the EF PHB (Expedited
Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior)", March 2002.
[11] IETF RFC 3260: "New Terminology and Clarifications for Diffserv", April 2002.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TR 101 984: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Services and architectures".
[i.2] ETSI TR 101 985: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia;
IP over Satellite".
[i.3] ETSI TR 102 157: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia;
IP Interworking over satellite; Performance, Availability and Quality of Service".
[i.4] IETF RFC 2998: "A Framework for Integrated Services Operation over Diffserv Networks",
November 2000.
[i.5] IETF RFC 4080: "Next Steps in Signaling (NSIS): Framework", June 2005.
[i.6] Satellite Access Technologies: Leading Improvements For Europe.
NOTE: Available at http://www.satlife.org
[i.7] Wittig, Manfred; Casas, Jose-Maria. "A communications switchboard in the sky: AmerHis". ESA
Bulletin, No. 115. August 2003.
[i.8] S. Chacón, J-L. Casas, A. Cal, R. Rey, J. Prat, A. Rodriguez, J. de la Plaza, C. Nieto, F. Ruiz
Piñar. Multimedia Applications of the Integrated Broadcast Interaction System (IBIS). ESA
Workshop on Digital Signal Processing, Lisbon (Portugal), October 2001.
[i.9] ETSI TS 102 429-1: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Regenerative Satellite Mesh - B (RSM-B); DVB-S/DVB-RCS family for regenerative
satellites; Part 1: System Overview".
[i.10] "SatLabs System Recommentations v2.0", November 2006.
NOTE: Available at http://satlabs.org/.
[i.11] S. Floyd and V. Jacobson "Random Early Detection Gateways for Congestion Avoidance".
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 1, Issue 4, August 1993.
[i.12] ETSI TS 102 429-3: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Regenerative Satellite Mesh - B (RSM-B); DVB-S/DVB-RCS family for regenerative
satellites; Part 3: Connection control protocol".
[i.13] ETSI TS 102 402: "Satellite Earth Station and systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia;
Transparent Satellite Star - A (TSS-A); DVB-S/DVB-RCS for transparent satellites; Sub-family 1
(TSS-A1)".
[i.14] ETSI TS 102 463: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Interworking with IntServ QoS".
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8 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
architecture: abstract representation of a communications system
NOTE: Three complementary types of architecture are defined:
Functional Architecture: The discrete functional elements of the system and the associated
logical interfaces.
Network Architecture: The discrete physical (network) elements of the system and the associated
physical interfaces.
Protocol Architecture: The protocol stacks involved in the operation of the system and the
associated peering relationships.
bearer service: type of telecommunication service that provides the capability for the transmission of signals between
user-network interfaces
Behaviour Aggregate (BA): collection of packets with the same DS code point crossing a link in a particular direction
Best-Effort (BE) service: service that offers no QoS guarantees, just end-to-end connectivity
NOTE: When using queuing to prevent congestion BE queues are always the first ones to experience packet drop.
BSM Bearer service: telecommunication service that a BSM subnetwork provides between a pair of SI-SAPs in
different STs
Class of Service (COS): way to divide traffic into separate categories (classes) to provide appropriate QoS services to
each class within the network
classification: examination of an IP packet to determine the COS to which the packet should belong
code point: specific value of the DSCP portion of the DS field
NOTE: Recommended code points should map to specific standardised Per-Hop Behaviours (PHBs). Multiple
code points may map to the same PHB.
connection oriented: communication method in which communication proceeds through three well-defined phases:
connection establishment, data transfer, and connection release
connectionless: communication method that allows the transfer of information between users without the need for
connection establishment procedures
control plane: plane with a layered structure that performs the call control and connection control functions and deals
with the signalling necessary to set up, supervise and release calls and connections
data link layer: second layer of the OSI model it provides connectivity between segments of the network (bridging); in
addition the data link may perform session control and some configuration
delay variation (or delay jitter): difference in delay between successive packet arrivals (of the same flow) at the
egress of the network
Differentiated services (DiffServ): services based on statistical (aggregated flows) guarantees and resulting in "soft"
QoS
NOTE: Using packet markings (code points) and queuing policies it results in some traffic to be better treated or
given priority over other (use more bandwidth, experience less loss, etc.).
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9 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP): value which is encoded in the DS field, and which each DS node use to
select the PHB which is to be experienced by each packet it forwards
Differentiated Services field (DS field): six most significant bits of the (former) IPv4 TOS octet or the (former) IPv6
Traffic Class octet
DS domain: contiguous set of DS nodes which operate with a common service provisioning policy and set of PHB
groups implemented on each node
flow: flow of packets is the traffic associated with a given connection or connectionless stream having the same source
host, destination host, class of service, and session identification
Integrated services (IntServ): using RVSP this results in deterministic reservation of network resources and QoS for
specific traffic and/or for specific IP flows
marking: to set the class of service or DSCP of a packet
metering: process of measuring the temporal properties (e.g. rate) of a traffic stream selected by a classifier
NOTE: The instantaneous state of this process may be used to affect the operation of shaping, or dropping.
Network Control Centre (NCC): equipment at OSI Layer 2 that controls the access of terminals to a satellite network,
including element management and resource management functionality
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB): externally observable forwarding treatment applied at a differentiated services-compliant
node to a behaviour aggregate
policing: process of discarding packets (by a dropper) within a traffic stream in accordance with the state of a
corresponding meter enforcing a traffic profile
Quality of Service (QoS): ability to segment traffic or differentiate between traffic types in order for the network to
treat certain traffic differently from others. QoS encompasses both the service categorization and the overall
performance of the network for each category.
NOTE: It also refers to the capability of a network to provide better service to selected network traffic over
various technologies and IP-routed networks that may use any or all of the underlying technologies.
QoS Parameters: parameters that will be specified or monitored to ensure QoS
service levels: end-to-end QoS capabilities of the network which will enable it to deliver a service needed by a specific
mix of network traffic
NOTE: The services themselves may differ in their level of QoS.
Service Level Agreement (SLA): agreement between a Service Provider (SP) and its subscriber (or between an SP and
an access network operator), characterized by the choice of one data transfer capability and the allocation attribute
related to this transfer capability
NOTE: An SLA can also include elements related to traffic policy and availability. It is agreed upon at the
initiation of the contract and normally remains the same for all the contract duration.
Traffic Conditioning Agreement (TCA): agreement specifying classifier rules and any corresponding traffic profiles
and metering, marking, discarding and/or shaping rules which are to apply to the traffic streams selected by the
classifier
NOTE: A TCA encompasses all of the traffic conditioning rules explicitly specified within an SLA along with all
of the rules implicit from the relevant service requirements and/or from a DS domain's service
provisioning policy.
transfer capability: capability of transfer of information through a network
NOTE: This term can be used to characterize a telecommunications service or bearer.
user plane: plane with a layered structure that provides user information transfer, along with associated controls
(e.g. flow control, recovery from errors, etc.)
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10 ETSI TS 102 464 V1.2.1 (2015-12)
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AF Assured Forwarding
AF/BE Assured Forwarding – Best Effort
AQM Active Queue Management
BA Behavior Aggregate
BE Best Effort
BoD Bandwidth on Demand
BSM Broadband Satellite Multimedia
BSM_ID BSM IDentifier
BSMQRM BSM QID Resource Manager
C2P Connection Control Protocol
CBWFQ Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing
COPS Common Open Policy Service
CS Class Selector
DAMA Demand Assignment Multiple Access
DiffServ Differentiated Services (IETF)
DS DiffServ
DSCP DiffServ Code Point
DVB-RCS Digital Video Broadcasting with Return Channel via Satellite
DVB-S Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite
ECN Explicit Congestion Notification
EF Expedited Forwarding
EXP/LU Experimental / Local Use
FCA Free Capacity Assignment
HP High Priority
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Auth
...