IEC 62619:2022
(Main)Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications
IEC 62619:2022 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of secondary lithium cells and batteries used in industrial applications, including stationary applications. When there exists an IEC International Standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence (e.g., IEC 62660 series on road vehicles). The following are some examples of applications that utilize cells and batteries under the scope of this document:
- Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy storage system, utility switching, emergency power, and similar applications.
- Motive applications: forklift truck, golf cart, automated guided vehicle (AGV), railway vehicles, and marine vehicles, with the exception of road vehicles.
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide - Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs au lithium pour utilisation dans des applications industrielles
IEC 62619:2022 spécifie les exigences et les essais pour le fonctionnement en toute sécurité des accumulateurs au lithium utilisés dans des applications industrielles, y compris les applications stationnaires. Lorsqu'il existe une Norme internationale IEC qui spécifie des conditions d'essai et des exigences pour des éléments destinés à des applications particulières, et qui est en contradiction avec le présent document, la publication particulière est appliquée en priorité (par exemple, la série IEC 62660 sur les véhicules routiers). Ci-après figurent des exemples d’applications qui emploient les éléments et les batteries inclus dans le domaine d’application du présent document :
- applications stationnaires: télécommunications, alimentation sans interruption (ASI), système de stockage d'énergie électrique, sélecteur de service, alimentation de secours et applications similaires;
- applications mobiles: chariot élévateur à fourche, voiturette de golf, véhicule à guidage automatique (AGV, automated guided vehicle), véhicules ferroviaires et marins, à l'exclusion des véhicules routiers.
General Information
Standards Content (sample)
IEC 62619
Edition 2.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries,
for use in industrial applications
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –
Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs au lithium pour utilisation dans
des applications industrielles
IEC 62619:2022-05(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62619
Edition 2.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries,
for use in industrial applications
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –
Exigences de sécurité pour les accumulateurs au lithium pour utilisation dans
des applications industrielles
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.220.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-2497-7
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical CommissionMarque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 6
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 6
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................... 7
4 Parameter measurement tolerances .............................................................................. 10
5 General safety considerations ....................................................................................... 10
5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 10
5.2 Insulation and wiring ............................................................................................. 11
5.3 Venting ................................................................................................................. 11
5.4 Temperature/voltage/current management ............................................................ 11
5.5 Terminal contacts of the battery pack and/or battery system ................................. 11
5.6 Assembly of cells, modules, or battery packs into battery systems ........................ 11
5.6.1 General ......................................................................................................... 11
5.6.2 Battery system design ................................................................................... 12
5.7 Operating region of lithium cells and battery systems for safe use ........................ 12
5.8 System lock (or system lock function) ................................................................... 12
5.9 Quality plan .......................................................................................................... 12
6 Type test conditions ...................................................................................................... 12
6.1 General ................................................................................................................. 12
6.2 Test items ............................................................................................................. 13
7 Specific requirements and tests ..................................................................................... 14
7.1 Charging procedures for test purposes ................................................................. 14
7.2 Reasonably foreseeable misuse ............................................................................ 15
7.2.1 External short-circuit test (cell or cell block) ................................................... 15
7.2.2 Impact test (cell or cell block) ........................................................................ 15
7.2.3 Drop test (cell or cell block, and battery system) ............................................ 16
7.2.4 Thermal abuse test (cell or cell block) ............................................................ 18
7.2.5 Overcharge test (cell or cell block) ................................................................. 19
7.2.6 Forced discharge test (cell or cell block) ........................................................ 19
7.3 Considerations for internal short-circuit – Design evaluation ................................. 20
7.3.1 General ......................................................................................................... 20
7.3.2 Internal short-circuit test (cell) ....................................................................... 20
7.3.3 Propagation test (battery system) .................................................................. 22
8 Battery system safety (considering functional safety) ..................................................... 23
8.1 General requirements ........................................................................................... 23
8.2 Battery management system (or battery management unit) ................................... 23
8.2.1 Requirements for the BMS ............................................................................. 23
8.2.2 Overcharge control of voltage (battery system) .............................................. 24
8.2.3 Overcharge control of current (battery system) .............................................. 25
8.2.4 Overheating control (battery system) ............................................................. 26
9 EMC .............................................................................................................................. 26
10 Information for safety ..................................................................................................... 26
11 Marking and designation ................................................................................................ 27
12 Packaging and transport ................................................................................................ 27
Annex A (normative) Operating region of cells for safe use .................................................. 28
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
A.1 General ................................................................................................................. 28
A.2 Charging conditions for safe use ........................................................................... 28
A.3 Considerations on charging voltage ...................................................................... 28
A.4 Considerations on temperature ............................................................................. 29
A.5 High temperature range ........................................................................................ 29
A.6 Low temperature range ......................................................................................... 29
A.7 Discharging conditions for safe use ....................................................................... 30
A.8 Example of operating region ................................................................................. 30
Annex B (informative) Procedure of propagation test by laser irradiation (see 7.3.3) ............ 32
B.1 General ................................................................................................................. 32
B.2 Test conditions ..................................................................................................... 32
B.2.1 Cell test (preliminary test) .............................................................................. 32
B.2.2 Battery system test (main test) ...................................................................... 33
Annex C (informative) Procedure of propagation test by methods other than laser (see
7.3.3) .................................................................................................................................... 35
C.1 General ................................................................................................................. 35
C.2 Test conditions ..................................................................................................... 35
C.3 Methods for initiating the thermal runaway ............................................................ 35
Annex D (informative) Packaging and transport ................................................................... 36
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 37
Figure 1 – Configuration of the impact test ............................................................................ 16
Figure 2 – Impact location ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 3 – Configuration for the shortest edge drop test ........................................................ 18
Figure 4 – Configuration for the corner drop test ................................................................... 18
Figure 5 – Jig for pressing .................................................................................................... 21
Figure 6 – Examples of BMS locations and battery system configurations ............................. 24
Figure 7 – Example of the circuit configuration for overcharge control of voltage .................. 25
Figure A.1 – An example of operating region for charging of typical lithium ion cells ............. 30
Figure A.2 – An example of operating region for discharging of typical lithium ion cells ......... 31
Figure B.1 – Example of the test layout ................................................................................. 33
Figure B.2 – Example of typical temperature trend of the cell ................................................ 33
Table 1 – Sample size for type tests ..................................................................................... 14
Table 2 – Drop test method and condition ............................................................................. 17
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------– 4 – IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM CELLS
AND BATTERIES, FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62619 has been prepared by subcommittee 21A: Secondary cells and batteries containing
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC technical committee 21: Secondary cells and
batteries. It is an International Standard.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:a) new requirements for moving parts;
b) addition of requirements for hazardous live parts;
c) addition of requirements for battery system design;
d) new requirements for system lock;
e) new requirements for EMC;
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
f) addition of procedure of propagation test by laser.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
21A/785/FDIS 21A/787/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM CELLS
AND BATTERIES, FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of secondary lithium cells
and batteries used in industrial applications, including stationary applications.
When there exists an IEC International Standard specifying test conditions and requirements
for cells used in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former
takes precedence (e.g., IEC 62660 series on road vehicles).The following are some examples of applications that utilize cells and batteries under the scope
of this document:• Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy
storage system, utility switching, emergency power, and similar applications.• Motive applications: forklift truck, golf cart, automated guided vehicle (AGV), railway
vehicles, and marine vehicles, with the exception of road vehicles.Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those
requirements which are common and minimum to the various applications.Electrical safety is included only as a part of the risk analysis of Clause 8. In regard to details
for addressing electrical safety, the end use application standard requirements need to be
considered.This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the
smaller unit can be tested as the representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly
declares the tested unit. The manufacturer can add functions, which are present in the final
battery to the tested unit.This document addresses first life cells and batteries. Reuse, repurpose, second life use or
similar are not taken into consideration by this document.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.IEC 62133-2:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for batteries
made from them, for use in portable applications – Part 2: Lithium systemsIEC 62620:2014, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC Guide 51, and
the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
safety
freedom from unacceptable risk
3.2
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.9, modified – deletion of Note 1 to entry.]3.3
harm
physical injury or damage to the health of people, or damage to property or to the environment
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.1]3.4
hazard
potential source of harm
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.2]
3.5
intended use
use of a product, process or service in accordance with specifications, instructions and
information provided by the supplier3.6
reasonably foreseeable misuse
use of a product, process or service in a way not intended by the supplier, but which can result
from readily predictable human behaviour[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.7, modified – "or system" has been replaced with
"process or service" and notes to entry deleted.]3.7
secondary lithium cell
cell
secondary cell where electrical energy is derived from the insertion/extraction reactions of
lithium ions or oxidation/reduction reaction of lithium between the negative electrode and the
positive electrodeNote 1 to entry: The cell typically has an electrolyte that consists of a lithium salt and organic solvent compound in
liquid, gel or solid form and has a metal or a laminate film casing. It is not ready for use in an application because it
is not yet fitted with its final housing, terminal arrangement and electronic control device.
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------– 8 – IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022
3.8
cell block
group of cells connected together in parallel configuration with or without protective devices
(e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient device (PTC)) and monitoring circuitry
Note 1 to entry: The cell block is not ready for use in an application because it is not yet fitted with its final housing,
terminal arrangement and electronic control device.3.9
module
group of cells connected together either in a series and/or parallel configuration with or without
protective devices (e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient device (PTC)) and monitoring
circuitry3.10
battery pack
energy storage device, which comprises one or more cells or modules electrically connected
and has monitoring circuitry which provides information (e.g. cell voltage) to a battery system
to influence the battery's safety, performance and/or service lifeNote 1 to entry: The battery pack may incorporate a protective housing and be provided with terminals or other
interconnection arrangements.3.11
battery system
battery
system which comprises one or more cells, modules or battery packs and has a battery
management system capable of controlling current in case of overcharge, overcurrent,
overdischarge, and overheatingNote 1 to entry: Overdischarge cut-off is not mandatory if there is an agreement between the cell manufacturer and
the customer.Note 2 to entry: The battery system may have cooling or heating units. More than one battery system may constitute
a larger battery system. The battery system is sometimes also referred to as a battery.
3.12battery management system
BMS
electronic system associated with a battery which has functions to control current in case of
overcharge, overcurrent, overdischarge, and overheating and which monitors and/or manages
the battery's state, calculates secondary data, reports that data and/or controls its environment
to influence the battery's safety, performance and/or service lifeNote 1 to entry: Overdischarge cut-off is not mandatory if there is an agreement between the cell manufacturer and
the customer.Note 2 to entry: The function of the BMS can be assigned to the battery pack or to equipment that uses the battery.
(See Figure 6.)Note 3 to entry: The BMS can be divided and it can be found partially in the battery pack and partially on the
equipment that uses the battery. (See Figure 6.)Note 4 to entry: The BMS is sometimes also referred to as a BMU (battery management unit).
3.13leakage
visible escape of liquid electrolyte
3.14
venting
release of excessive internal pressure from a cell, module, battery pack, or battery system in a
manner intended by design to preclude rupture or explosion---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
IEC 62619:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
3.15
rupture
mechanical failure of a cell container or battery case induced by an internal or external cause,
resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials3.16
explosion
failure that occurs when a cell container or battery case opens violently and solid components
are forcibly expelledNote 1 to entry: Liquid, gas, and smoke are excepted.
3.17
fire
emission of flames from a cell, module, battery pack, or battery system for more than 1 s
Note 1 to entry: Sparks and arcing are not considered as flames.3.18
rated capacity
capacity value of a cell or battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the
manufacturerNote 1 to entry: The rated capacity is the quantity of electricity C Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the manufacturer
which a single cell or battery can deliver during an n-hour period when charging, storing and discharging under the
conditions specified in IEC 62620:2014...
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