IEC 61000-2-4:2024
(Main)Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-4: Environment - Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-4: Environment - Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz to 150 kHz. It gives compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for industrial locations, with a nominal voltage up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8.
Power distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not included.
NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part.
Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial locations, for guidance in the definition of:
a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power distribution systems (including the planning levels defined in 3.1.5);
NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial networks. These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However, it is the responsibility of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic conditions, including equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits.
b) immunity levels for the equipment within these systems.
The disturbance phenomena considered are:
- voltage deviations;
- voltage dips and short interruptions;
- voltage imbalance;
- power-frequency variations;
- harmonics up to order 40;
- interharmonics up to the 40th harmonic;
- voltage components above the 40th harmonic up to 150 kHz;
- DC component;
- transient overvoltages.
The compatibility levels are given for different classes of environment determined by the characteristics of the supply network and loads.
NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in IEC 61000‑2‑2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000‑2‑12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 and IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 describe the approach of power distribution system operators to the limitation of emissions from installations and large loads.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2);
b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3;
c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz;
d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD).
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 2-4: Environnement - Niveaux de compatibilité dans les réseaux de distribution d'électricité sur des sites industriels pour les perturbations conduites à basse fréquence
L'IEC 61000-2-4:2024 traite des perturbations conduites dans la plage de fréquences de 0 kHz à 150 kHz. Elle fournit les niveaux de compatibilité en mode différentiel (L-L et L-N) pour les sites industriels, avec une tension nominale jusqu'à 35 kV et une fréquence nominale de 50 Hz ou 60 Hz.
NOTE 1 Les sites industriels sont définis au 3.1.8.
Les réseaux de distribution d'électricité sur les navires, les aéronefs, les plateformes en mer et les réseaux ferroviaires sont exclus.
NOTE 2 Voir aussi l'Annexe E. Les niveaux de compatibilité spécifiés dans le présent document s'appliquent au point de couplage interne à l'installation (IPC). Le niveau des perturbations à basse fréquence aux bornes des équipements alimentés par l'IPC est par hypothèse généralement similaire au niveau de perturbation à l'emplacement de l'IPC. Toutefois, cela n'est pas le cas dans certaines situations, particulièrement avec un départ destiné à l'alimentation d'une charge spécifique par une ligne longue ou lorsqu'une perturbation est générée ou amplifiée dans l'installation dont les équipements font partie.
Les niveaux de compatibilité sont spécifiés pour les différents types de perturbations électromagnétiques à basse fréquence qui sont attendues en tout point de couplage interne à l'installation (IPC) dans des sites industriels, afin de fournir des recommandations pour définir:
a) les limites relatives aux émissions perturbatrices sur les réseaux de distribution d'électricité industriels (y compris les niveaux de planification définis au 3.1.5);
NOTE 3 Les conditions présentes dans les environnements électromagnétiques des réseaux industriels peuvent être très variées. Ces conditions sont représentées dans le présent document par les trois classes décrites à l'Article 4. Néanmoins, il est de la responsabilité de l'exploitant d'un tel réseau de prendre en compte les conditions électromagnétiques et économiques particulières, notamment les caractéristiques des équipements, pour établir les limites susmentionnées.
b) les niveaux d'immunité des équipements présents dans ces systèmes.
Les phénomènes perturbateurs suivants sont pris en compte:
- les écarts de tension;
- les creux de tension et les coupures brèves;
- les déséquilibres de tension;
- les variations de la fréquence du réseau d'alimentation;
- les harmoniques jusqu'au rang 40 inclus;
- les interharmoniques jusqu'au rang harmonique 40;
- les composantes de tension au-dessus du rang harmonique 40 jusqu'à 150 kHz;
- la composante continue;
- les surtensions transitoires.
Les niveaux de compatibilité sont donnés pour différentes classes d'environnement, qui sont déterminées par les caractéristiques du réseau d'alimentation et des charges associées.
NOTE 4 Les niveaux de compatibilité au point de couplage commun (PCC) sur les réseaux publics sont spécifiés dans l'IEC 61000‑2‑2 pour les réseaux basse tension et dans l'IEC 61000‑2‑12 pour les réseaux moyenne tension. L'IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 et l'IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 décrivent l'approche des exploitants de réseaux de distribution d'électricité en ce qui concerne la limitation des émissions des installations et des charges importantes.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2002. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) ajout de nouvelles classes 2a, 2b et 2L (anciennement la classe 2);
b) modification des niveaux de compatibilité pour la classe 3;
c) ajout de niveaux de compatibilité dans la plage de fréquences de 2 kHz à 150 kHz;
d) ajout de niveaux de compatibilité qui utilisent une nouvelle grandeur: la distorsion harmonique partielle pondérée (PWHD).
General Information
Relations
Overview
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-4 - defines compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances in power distribution systems located in industrial environments. The standard covers disturbances from 0 kHz to 150 kHz, for differential mode (L‑L and L‑N) in industrial locations with nominal voltages up to 35 kV and nominal frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. This third edition (2024) updates the 2002 edition and introduces new environment classes and measurement/assessment methods including partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD).
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and application
- Applies at the in‑plant point of coupling (IPC); assumes disturbance levels at equipment terminals are generally similar to IPC levels, with exceptions noted (long dedicated feeders, sources inside the installation).
- Excludes ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways.
- Environment classes
- Defines electromagnetic environment classes (including new class 2a, 2b, 2L, and revised class 3) to reflect different industrial network and load characteristics.
- Disturbance phenomena covered
- Voltage deviations, dips and short interruptions, voltage imbalance, temporary power‑frequency variations.
- Harmonics up to order 40, interharmonics up to the 40th harmonic, voltage components above the 40th harmonic up to 150 kHz.
- DC component and transient overvoltages.
- Compatibility levels
- Numerical guidance for emission limits and immunity levels for equipment connected to industrial power systems.
- New compatibility levels for the 2 kHz–150 kHz range plus PWHD as an assessment quantity.
- Guidance and annexes
- Informative annexes provide examples of expected disturbance levels, mitigation methods (e.g., filtering, emission reduction, immunity increase), proving compatibility in MV networks, and rationale for class changes.
Practical applications - who uses it
- EMC engineers and consultants - to set compatibility targets and specify immunity requirements for industrial equipment.
- Power system planners and plant operators - for planning levels, disturbance emission limits, and network upgrades.
- Equipment manufacturers and test laboratories - to design, test and certify products for reliable operation in industrial power distribution environments.
- System integrators and facility designers - for specifying filters, shielding and wiring practices to meet IPC compatibility levels.
Related standards
- IEC 61000‑2‑2 (low-voltage PCC compatibility levels)
- IEC 61000‑2‑12 (medium-voltage PCC compatibility levels)
- IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 and IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 (approaches for limiting emissions from installations and large loads)
Keywords: IEC 61000-2-4:2024, electromagnetic compatibility, EMC, compatibility levels, power distribution systems, industrial locations, low-frequency conducted disturbances, harmonics, interharmonics, IPC, PWHD.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 61000-2-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment – Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in
industrial plants locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews, graphical symbols and the glossary.
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced With a subscription you will always have access to up to date
and withdrawn publications. content tailored to your needs.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
details all new publications released. Available online and once
containing more than 22 500 terminological entries in English
a month by email.
and French, with equivalent terms in 25 additional languages.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
(IEV) online.
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need
further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
IEC 61000-2-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment – Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in
industrial plants locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-9462-8
– 2 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9
3.1 General definitions . 10
3.2 Phenomena-related definitions . 12
3.3 Abbreviated terms . 16
4 Electromagnetic environment classes . 16
5 Introduction to the setting of compatibility levels for different types of
electromagnetic disturbances . 18
5.1 General comment. 18
5.2 Voltage deviations . 19
5.3 Voltage dips and short interruptions . 19
5.4 Voltage unbalance (imbalance) . 19
5.5 Temporary power-frequency variation . 20
5.6 Harmonics . 20
5.7 Interharmonics . 21
th
5.8 Voltage components at higher frequencies (above 50 40 harmonic) . 21
5.9 Transient overvoltages . 21
5.10 DC component . 21
6 Compatibility levels . 22
Annex A (informative) Explanations and examples for interharmonics . 27
A.1 Resolution of non-sinusoidal voltages and currents . 27
A.2 Time varying phenomena . 28
A.3 Definition of additional terms .
Annex B (informative) Examples of expected disturbance levels in typical industrial
networks . 30
B.1 General . 30
B.2 Voltage disturbance levels in industrial networks due to large converters . 30
B.3 Voltage disturbance levels in industrial networks at high load . 32
B.4 Voltage dips and short interruptions . 34
B.4.1 Description . 34
B.4.2 Adaptation . 35
B.5 Transient overvoltages . 36
Annex C (informative) Interharmonics and voltages at higher frequencies and
mitigation methods . 38
C.1 Sources of interharmonics . 38
C.1.1 Identification . 38
C.1.2 Different types of sources of interharmonics . 38
C.1.3 Effects of interharmonics and compatibility . 40
C.1.4 Guidance levels . 41
C.2 Mitigation methods . 42
C.2.1 General . 42
C.2.2 Decrease emission levels . 42
C.2.3 Increase immunity . 43
C.2.4 Protection of ripple control system mains signaling . 43
C.3 Voltages at higher frequencies .
Annex D (informative) Proving compatibility in the frequency range above 2 kHz in
industrial MV networks . 45
Annex E (informative) Examples of locations and installations covered by
IEC 61000-2-4 . 46
E.1 General . 46
E.2 Mixed locations . 46
E.3 Examples for industrial locations . 46
Annex F (informative) Rationale for increased individual even and triplen compatibility
levels and for splitting class 2 into class 2a, class 2b and class 2L . 50
F.1 Rationale for increased individual even and triplen compatibility levels . 50
F.1.1 Target . 50
F.1.2 The needs of modern power electronic equipment . 50
F.1.3 Maintaining the overall disturbance level . 51
F.2 Rationale for splitting class 2 into class 2a, class 2b and class 2L . 51
F.2.1 Target . 51
F.2.2 Class 2a . 51
F.2.3 Class 2b . 51
F.2.4 Class 2L . 52
Bibliography . 53
Figure 1 – Examples of the application of different electromagnetic environment
classes in different industrial locations . 17
Figure 2 – Example of different parts of an installation separated by filters, where
different electromagnetic environment classes are applied . 18
Figure 1 3 – Interharmonic compatibility levels (flickermeter response for P = 1
st
related to 60 W incandescent lamps) . 26
Figure B.1 – Example of power distribution in industry with rolling mills . 31
Figure B.2 – Example of power distribution in the paper industry . 32
Figure B.3 – Example of power distribution in a generic manufacturing industry . 34
Figure B.4 – ITI (CBEMA) – Curve of tolerance envelope of ITE . 36
Figure E.1 – Example of class 1 environment . 46
Figure E.2 – Example of class 2a and class 2b environments . 47
Figure E.3 – Example of an LV grid in a building supplied by a dedicated transformer . 47
Figure E.4 – Example of an LV grid in a building including residential and industrial
locations . 48
Figure E.5 – Example of an LV grid for a data center . 48
Figure F.1 – Emission spectrum of an active infeed converter . 50
Table 1 – Compatibility levels for voltage tolerance, voltage unbalance imbalance and
power-frequency variations . 22
Table 2 – Compatibility levels for harmonics – Harmonic voltage components
Odd harmonics non-multiple of three .
Table 3 – Compatibility levels for harmonics – Harmonic voltage components
Odd harmonics multiple of three .
Table 4 – Compatibility levels – Harmonic voltage components even order .
Table 2 – Compatibility levels for harmonics – Harmonic voltage components. 23
– 4 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
Table 5 3 – Compatibility levels for total voltage harmonic distortion . 24
Table 4 – Compatibility levels for low voltage networks in the frequency range from
2 kHz to 9 kHz . 25
Table 5 – Compatibility levels for low voltage networks in the frequency range from
9 kHz to 150 kHz . 25
Table B.1 – Type of network . 30
Table B.2 – Voltage disturbance levels in a typical manufacturing industry . 33
Table C.1 – Indicative values for interharmonic voltages in low-voltage networks with
respect to the flicker effect . 41
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment –
Compatibility levels in power distribution systems
in industrial plants locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes
made to the previous edition IEC 61000-2-4:2002. A vertical bar appears in the margin
wherever a change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in
strikethrough red text.
– 6 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
IEC 61000-2-4 has been prepared by subcommittee 77A: EMC – Low frequency phenomena,
of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2);
b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3;
c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz;
d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion
(PWHD).
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
77A/1215/FDIS 77A/1221/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61000 series, published under the general title Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC), can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as International Standards,
technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published as
sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second number
identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-3-11).
Detailed information on the various types of disturbances that can be expected on public power
supply systems can be found in IEC 61000-2-1 and IEC 61000-2-12.
– 8 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment –
Compatibility levels in power distribution systems
in industrial plants locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61000 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz
to 9 150 kHz. It gives numerical compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for
industrial locations and non-public power distribution systems, with a nominal voltage up to
35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8.
Power supply distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not
included.
The compatibility levels specified in this standard apply at the in-plant point of coupling. At the
power input terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the above systems, the severity
levels of the disturbances can, for the most part, be taken to be the same as the levels at the
in-plant point of coupling. In some situations this is not so, particularly in the case of a long
feeder dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or in the case of a disturbance generated or
amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part.
NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling
(IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is
generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the
case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is
generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part.
Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances
of the types which can be expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial
plants or other non-public networks locations, for guidance in the definition of:
a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power supply distribution systems (including
the planning levels defined in 3.1.5);
NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial and other
non-public networks. These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However,
it is the responsibility of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic
conditions, including equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits.
b) the choice of immunity levels for the equipment within these systems.
The disturbance phenomena considered are:
– voltage deviations;
– voltage dips and short interruptions;
– voltage unbalance imbalance;
– power-frequency variations;
– harmonics up to order 50 40;
th
– interharmonics up to the 50 40 harmonic;
th
– voltage components at higher frequencies (above 50th harmonic) above the 40
harmonic up to 150 kHz;
– DC component;
– transient overvoltages.
The compatibility levels are given for different classes of the electromagnetic environment
determined by the characteristics of the supply network and loads.
NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in
IEC 61000-2-2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000-2-12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000-3-6 and
IEC TR 61000-3-7 describe the approach of supply authorities power distribution system operators to the limitation
of emissions from installations and large loads.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-101, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 101: Mathematics
IEC 60050-161, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161: Electro-
magnetic compatibility
IEC 60050-551, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 551: Power electronics
IEC 61000-2-2:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-2: Environment –
Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public low-
voltage power supply systems
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD1:2017
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD2:2018
IEC 61000-2-12, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-12: Environment – Compatibility
levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public medium-voltage power
supply systems
IEC 61000-4-7, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques – General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
CISPR 16-1-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-2-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this part of IEC 61000, the definitions given in chapter 161 and parts 101
and 551 of IEC 60050 (IEV) as well as the following apply.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
___________
To be published.
– 10 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General definitions
3.1.1
(electromagnetic) disturbance
any electromagnetic phenomenon which, by being present in the electromagnetic environment,
can cause electrical equipment to depart from its intended performance
[IEV 161-01-05, modified]
electromagnetic phenomenon that can degrade the performance of a device, equipment or
system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:2018, 161-01-05, modified – in the definition the words “or adversely
affect living or inert matter” have been deleted and Note 1, Note 2, and Note 3 have been
deleted.]
3.1.2
disturbance level
amount or magnitude of an electromagnetic disturbance, measured and evaluated in a specified
way
[IEV 161-03-01, modified]
3.1.3
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment
without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
Note 1 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is a condition of the electromagnetic environment such that, for every
phenomenon, the disturbance emission level is sufficiently low and immunity levels are sufficiently high so that all
devices, equipment and systems operate as intended.
Note 2 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is achieved only if emission and immunity levels are controlled such
that the immunity level of devices, equipment and systems, at any location, are not exceeded by the disturbance
level at that location, resulting from the cumulative emission of all sources and other factors such as circuit
impedances. Conventionally, compatibility is said to exist if the probability of the departure from intended
performance or of the adverse effect is sufficiently low. See IEC 61000-2-1:1990, Clause 4.
Note 3 to entry: Where the context requires it, compatibility may be understood is intended to refer to a single
disturbance or class of disturbances.
Note 4 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is a term used also to describe the field of study of the adverse
electromagnetic effect which devices, equipment and systems undergo from each other or from electromagnetic
phenomena.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:2018, 161-01-07, modified – Note 1 to Note 4 have been added.]
3.1.4
(electromagnetic) compatibility level
specified electromagnetic disturbance level used as a reference level in a specified environment
for coordination in the setting of emission and immunity limits
Note 1 to entry: By convention, the compatibility level is chosen so that there is only a small probability that it will
be exceeded by the actual disturbance level.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-03-10, modified – the last sentence of Note 1 is deleted
because it is less relevant in industrial locations compared to public locations.]
3.1.5
planning level
level of a particular disturbance in a particular environment, adopted as a reference value
for the limits to be set for the emission of large loads and installations, in order to coordinate
those limits with all the limits adopted for equipment intended to be connected to the power
supply system
Note 1 to entry: The planning level is locally specific and is adopted by those responsible for planning and operating
the power supply network in the relevant area. (For further explanation, see IEC 61000-2-2:2002, Annex A and
IEC 61000-1-2.)
3.1.6
industrial and private power distribution system
distribution network that is separated by at least one separation transformer from the public
power supply system to which other customer installations are connected
3.1.7
point of common coupling
PCC
point on a public power supply network, electrically nearest to a particular load, at which other
loads are, or could be, connected
Note 1 to entry: The PCC is usually the point for which electromagnetic compatibility in public networks is to be
considered.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-07-15, modified – the two notes have been deleted, the
content of Note 2 is integrated in the definition and a new note has been added.]
3.1.8
industrial location
location characterized by an installation consisting of a separate power distribution
network, supplied by a high- or medium-voltage transformer, dedicated for the supply of
this installation
Note 1 to entry: Industrial locations can generally be described by the existence of an installation with one or more
of the following characteristics:
• significant amount of electrical power generated, transmitted and/or consumed;
• frequent switching of heavy inductive or capacitive loads;
• high currents and associated magnetic fields;
• presence of industrial, high power scientific and medical (ISM) equipment (for example, welding machines).
The electromagnetic environment at an industrial location is predominantly produced by the equipment and
installation present at the location. There are types of industrial locations where some of the electromagnetic
phenomena appear in a more severe degree than in other installations.
Example locations include metalworking, pulp and paper, chemical plants, car production, farm building, high voltage
areas of airports.
Note 2 to entry: The connection between location and electromagnetic environment is given in 3.1.8.
[SOURCE: IEC 61000-6-4:2018, 3.1.12, modified – in the definition, “an installation consisting
of” has been added, and the term reference in Note 2 has been updated.]
3.1.9
electromagnetic environment
totality of electromagnetic phenomena existing at a given location
Note 1 to entry: In general, the electromagnetic environment is time-dependent and its description can be better
described with a statistical approach.
Note 2 to entry: It is very important not to confuse the concept of electromagnetic environment with the surrounding
location.
– 12 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
[SOURCE: IEC 61000-6-4:2018, 3.1.13.]
3.1.10
in-plant point of coupling
IPC
point on a network inside a system or an installation, electrically nearest to a particular load,
at which other loads inside a non-public power distribution system, electrically nearest to a
given load, at which loads from other branches are, or could be, connected
Note 1 to entry: The IPC is usually the point for which electromagnetic compatibility in industrial networks is to be
considered.
3.2 Phenomena-related definitions
NOTE 1 The definitions below that relate to harmonics are based on the analysis of system voltages or currents by
the discrete Fourier transform method (DFT). This is the practical application of the Fourier transform as defined in
IEV 101-13-09. See Annex A.
NOTE 2 The Fourier transform of a function of time, whether periodic or non-periodic, is a function in the frequency
domain and is referred to as the frequency spectrum of the time function, or simply spectrum. If the time function is
periodic the spectrum is constituted of discrete lines (or components). If the time function is not periodic, the spectrum
is a continuous function indicating components at all frequencies.
NOTE 3 Other definitions related to harmonics or interharmonics are given in IEC 60050 (all parts) and other
standards. Some of those other definitions, although not used in this document, are discussed in Annex A.
3.2.1
fundamental frequency
frequency, in the spectrum obtained from a Fourier transform of a time function, to which all the
frequencies of the spectrum are referred. For the purposes of this standard, the fundamental
frequency is the same as the power supply frequency
[IEV 101-14-50, modified]
Note 1 to entry: In the case of a periodic function, the fundamental frequency is generally equal to the frequency of
the function itself (see Clause A.1.). For the purposes of this document, the fundamental frequency is also the same
as the power supply frequency.
NOTE 2 In case of any remaining risk of ambiguity, the power supply frequency should be referred to the polarity
and speed of rotation of the synchronous generator(s) feeding the system.
NOTE 3 This definition may be applied to any industrial power supply network, without regard to the load it supplies
(a single load or a combination of loads, rotating machines or other loads), and even if the generator feeding the
network is a semiconductor converter.
3.2.2
fundamental component
fundamental
spectral component of a periodic time function whose frequency is equal to the fundamental
frequency
3.2.3
harmonic frequency
frequency which is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. The ratio of the harmonic
frequency to the fundamental frequency is named harmonic order. (Recommended notation "h")
3.2.4
harmonic order
ratio of the harmonic frequency to the fundamental frequency
Note 1 to entry: The recommended notation for harmonic order is "h".
3.2.5
harmonic component
any of the components having a harmonic frequency. Its value is normally expressed as an
r.m.s. value
For brevity, such a component may be referred to simply as a harmonic
spectral component of a periodic time function whose frequency is a harmonic frequency
Note 1 to entry: Harmonic components are often referred to as harmonics.
Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61000-4-7 for measuring conditions.
3.2.6
interharmonic frequency
any frequency which is not an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency
NOTE 1 By extension from harmonic order, the interharmonic order is the ratio of interharmonic frequency to the
fundamental frequency. This ratio is not an integer. (Recommended notation "m")
NOTE 2 In the case where m < 1, the term sub-harmonic frequency may also be used.
any frequency between two consecutive harmonic frequencies
3.2.7
interharmonic order
ratio of an interharmonic frequency to the fundamental frequency
Note 1 to entry: This ratio is not an integer and can be indicated with "m".
3.2.8
interharmonic component
component having an interharmonic frequency. Its value is normally expressed as an r.m.s.
value.
For brevity, such a component may be referred to simply as an interharmonic
NOTE For the purpose of this standard, and as stated in IEC 61000-4-7, the time window has a width of
10 fundamental periods (for 50 Hz systems) or 12 fundamental periods (for 60 Hz systems), i.e. approximately
200 ms. The difference in frequency between two consecutive interharmonic components is, therefore, approximately
5 Hz.
spectral component having an interharmonic frequency
Note 1 to entry: For brevity, such a component can be referred to simply as an interharmonic.
3.2.9
total harmonic distortion
THD
ratio of the r.m.s. value of the sum of all the harmonic components up to a specified order
(recommended notation "H") to the r.m.s. value of the fundamental component
h=H
Q
h
THD =
∑
Q
h=2 1
where:
Q represents either current or voltage;
Q is the r.m.s. value of the fundamental component;
h is the harmonic order;
Q is the r.m.s. value of the harmonic component of order h;
h
H is 50 for the purpose of the compatibility levels in this standard.
– 14 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 RLV IEC 2024
NOTE THD takes account of harmonics only. For the case where interharmonics are to be included, see A.3.1.
ratio of the RMS value of the sum of all the harmonic components to the RMS value of the
fundamental component
Q
h
(1)
THD =
∑
Q
1
h=2
where:
Q represents either current or voltage
Q is the RMS value of the fundamental component
h is the harmonic order
Q is the RMS value of the harmonic component of order h
h
3.2.10
partial weighted harmonic distortion
PWHD
ratio of the weighted sum of the squared harmonic components from order 14 to order 40, to
the RMS value of the nominal component n
Q
h
(2)
PWHD h⋅
∑
Q
n
h=14
where:
Q is the nominal value of the quantity (e.g. voltage)
n
h is the harmonic order
Q is the RMS value of the quantity harmonic component of order h
h
3.2.11
voltage unbalance
voltage imbalance
condition in a polyphase system in which the r.m.s. values of the line-to line voltages
(fundamental component), or the phase angle between consecutive line-to line voltages, are
not all equal. The degree of the inequality is usually expressed as the ratios of the negative and
zero sequence components to the positive sequence component
[IEV 161-08-09, modified]
NOTE 1 Generally voltage unbalance, in relation to three-phase systems, is considered through its negative phase
sequence only. However, in some circumstances, the zero sequence component should also be considered.
NOTE 2 Several approximations give reasonably accurate results for the levels of unbalance normally encountered
(ratio of negative to positive sequence components):
2 2 2
U + U + U
12 23 31
e.g. voltage unbalance = 6 × − 2
(U + U + U )
12 23 31
where U , U , U are the three fundamental line-to-line voltages.
12 23 31
=
condition in a polyphase system in which the r.m.s. values of the fundamental component of
the line-to-line voltages, or the phase angle between consecutive line-to-line voltages, are not
all equal
Note 1 to entry: Generally, in relation to three-phase systems, the amount of voltage imbalance is quantified by the
ratio between the negative sequence components and the positive sequence components. However, in some
circumstances, it is more appropriate to use the ratio between zero sequence and positive sequence components.
Note 2 to entry: Several approximations give reasonably accurate results for the levels of imbalance normally
encountered (ratio of negative to positive sequence components), for example:
22 2
UU+ +U
12 23 31
voltage unbalance (imbalance) =62×−
(3)
UU+ +U
( )
12 23 31
where
U , U , U are the three fundamental line-to-line voltages
12 23 31
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-08-09, modified – the definition was simplified and the
reference to the “zero sequence component” was moved from the core of the definition to
Note 1.]
3.2.12
voltage deviation
increase or decrease of the r.m.s. supply voltage normally due to the variation of the load on
the supply network or a part of it, or a rapid voltage change repeated, or not, due to a rapid
change of load (see the first paragraph of 4.2 of IEC 61000-2-2); the part of transients with no
remaining effects is excluded
NOTE Some voltage deviations may be fast changes due to adaptation of the voltage network to the load conditions
(example: voltage taps changes of transformers, permanent effect of capacitor bank switching). Voltage fluctuation,
which may cause flicker is a different phenomenon (series of voltage changes or cyclical voltage changes). Voltage
variations and voltage fluctuations are the major types of voltage changes.
increase or decrease of the power supply RMS voltage, excluding transients with no remaining
effects
Note 1 to entry: Voltage variations and voltage fluctuations are the major types of voltage deviations. Some voltage
variations are fast due to the supply voltage adapting to different load conditions (for example, voltage taps changes
of transformers, permanent effect of capacitor bank switching). Voltage fluctuations, which can cause flicker, are a
different phenomenon (series of voltage deviations or cyclical voltage deviations, see IEC 61000-2-2:2002 and
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD2:2019, 4.2).
3.2.13
vol
...
IEC 61000-2-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment – Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in
industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 2-4: Environnement – Niveaux de compatibilité dans les réseaux de
distribution d'électricité sur des sites industriels pour les perturbations
conduites à basse fréquence
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews, graphical symbols and the glossary.
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced With a subscription you will always have access to up to date
and withdrawn publications. content tailored to your needs.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
details all new publications released. Available online and once
containing more than 22 500 terminological entries in English
a month by email.
and French, with equivalent terms in 25 additional languages.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
(IEV) online.
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need
further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
Recherche de publications IEC - IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Découvrez notre puissant moteur de recherche et consultez
La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications IEC gratuitement tous les aperçus des publications, symboles
en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, graphiques et le glossaire. Avec un abonnement, vous aurez
comité d’études, …). Elle donne aussi des informations sur les toujours accès à un contenu à jour adapté à vos besoins.
projets et les publications remplacées ou retirées.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Le premier dictionnaire d'électrotechnologie en ligne au monde,
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications IEC. Just
avec plus de 22 500 articles terminologiques en anglais et en
Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues.
français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans 25 langues
Disponible en ligne et une fois par mois par email.
additionnelles. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire
Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous:
sales@iec.ch.
IEC 61000-2-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2024-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment – Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in
industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 2-4: Environnement – Niveaux de compatibilité dans les réseaux de
distribution d'électricité sur des sites industriels pour les perturbations
conduites à basse fréquence
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-9416-1
– 2 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9
3.1 General definitions . 9
3.2 Phenomena-related definitions . 11
3.3 Abbreviated terms . 15
4 Electromagnetic environment classes . 15
5 Introduction to the setting of compatibility levels for different types of
electromagnetic disturbances . 17
5.1 General comment. 17
5.2 Voltage deviations . 17
5.3 Voltage dips and short interruptions . 17
5.4 Voltage imbalance . 18
5.5 Temporary power-frequency variation . 18
5.6 Harmonics . 18
5.7 Interharmonics . 19
th
5.8 Voltage components at higher frequencies (above 40 harmonic) . 19
5.9 Transient overvoltages . 20
5.10 DC component . 20
6 Compatibility levels . 20
Annex A (informative) Explanations and examples for interharmonics . 24
A.1 Resolution of non-sinusoidal voltages and currents . 24
A.2 Time varying phenomena . 25
Annex B (informative) Examples of expected disturbance levels in typical industrial
networks . 26
B.1 General . 26
B.2 Voltage disturbance levels in industrial networks due to large converters . 26
B.3 Voltage disturbance levels in industrial networks at high load . 28
B.4 Voltage dips and short interruptions . 30
B.4.1 Description . 30
B.4.2 Adaptation . 31
B.5 Transient overvoltages . 31
Annex C (informative) Interharmonics and voltages at higher frequencies and
mitigation methods . 33
C.1 Sources of interharmonics . 33
C.1.1 Identification . 33
C.1.2 Different types of sources of interharmonics . 33
C.1.3 Effects of interharmonics and compatibility . 35
C.1.4 Guidance levels . 35
C.2 Mitigation methods . 37
C.2.1 General . 37
C.2.2 Decrease emission levels . 37
C.2.3 Increase immunity . 38
C.2.4 Protection of mains signaling . 38
Annex D (informative) Proving compatibility in the frequency range above 2 kHz in
industrial MV networks . 39
Annex E (informative) Examples of locations and installations covered by
IEC 61000-2-4 . 40
E.1 General . 40
E.2 Mixed locations . 40
E.3 Examples for industrial locations . 40
Annex F (informative) Rationale for increased individual even and triplen compatibility
levels and for splitting class 2 into class 2a, class 2b and class 2L . 44
F.1 Rationale for increased individual even and triplen compatibility levels . 44
F.1.1 Target . 44
F.1.2 The needs of modern power electronic equipment . 44
F.1.3 Maintaining the overall disturbance level . 45
F.2 Rationale for splitting class 2 into class 2a, class 2b and class 2L . 45
F.2.1 Target . 45
F.2.2 Class 2a . 45
F.2.3 Class 2b . 45
F.2.4 Class 2L . 46
Bibliography . 47
Figure 1 – Examples of the application of different electromagnetic environment
classes in different industrial locations . 16
Figure 2 – Example of different parts of an installation separated by filters, where
different electromagnetic environment classes are applied . 16
Figure 3 – Interharmonic compatibility levels (flickermeter response for P = 1 related
st
to 60 W incandescent lamps) . 23
Figure B.1 – Example of power distribution in industry with rolling mills . 27
Figure B.2 – Example of power distribution in the paper industry . 28
Figure B.3 – Example of power distribution in a generic manufacturing industry . 30
Figure B.4 – ITI (CBEMA) – Curve of tolerance envelope of ITE . 32
Figure E.1 – Example of class 1 environment . 40
Figure E.2 – Example of class 2a and class 2b environments . 41
Figure E.3 – Example of an LV grid in a building supplied by a dedicated transformer . 41
Figure E.4 – Example of an LV grid in a building including residential and industrial
locations . 42
Figure E.5 – Example of an LV grid for a data center . 42
Figure F.1 – Emission spectrum of an active infeed converter . 44
Table 1 – Compatibility levels for voltage tolerance, voltage imbalance and power-
frequency variations . 20
Table 2 – Compatibility levels for harmonics – Harmonic voltage components. 21
Table 3 – Compatibility levels for total voltage harmonic distortion . 22
Table 4 – Compatibility levels for low voltage networks in the frequency range from
2 kHz to 9 kHz . 22
Table 5 – Compatibility levels for low voltage networks in the frequency range from
9 kHz to 150 kHz . 22
Table B.1 – Type of network . 26
– 4 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
Table B.2 – Voltage disturbance levels in a typical manufacturing industry . 29
Table C.1 – Indicative values for interharmonic voltages in low-voltage networks with
respect to the flicker effect . 36
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment –
Compatibility levels in power distribution systems
in industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 61000-2-4 has been prepared by subcommittee 77A: EMC – Low frequency phenomena,
of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2);
b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3;
c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz;
– 6 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion
(PWHD).
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
77A/1215/FDIS 77A/1221/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61000 series, published under the general title Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC), can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as International Standards,
technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published as
sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second number
identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-3-11).
Detailed information on the various types of disturbances that can be expected on public power
supply systems can be found in IEC 61000-2-1 and IEC 61000-2-12.
– 8 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 2-4: Environment –
Compatibility levels in power distribution systems
in industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61000 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz
to 150 kHz. It gives compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for industrial locations,
with a nominal voltage up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8.
Power distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not included.
NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling
(IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is
generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the
case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is
generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part.
Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances
expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial locations, for guidance in the
definition of:
a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power distribution systems (including the
planning levels defined in 3.1.5);
NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial networks.
These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However, it is the responsibility
of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic conditions, including
equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits.
b) immunity levels for the equipment within these systems.
The disturbance phenomena considered are:
– voltage deviations;
– voltage dips and short interruptions;
– voltage imbalance;
– power-frequency variations;
– harmonics up to order 40;
th
– interharmonics up to the 40 harmonic;
th
– voltage components above the 40 harmonic up to 150 kHz;
– DC component;
– transient overvoltages.
The compatibility levels are given for different classes of environment determined by the
characteristics of the supply network and loads.
NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in
IEC 61000-2-2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000-2-12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000-3-6 and
IEC TR 61000-3-7 describe the approach of power distribution system operators to the limitation of emissions from
installations and large loads.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 61000-2-2:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-2: Environment –
Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public low-
voltage power supply systems
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD1:2017
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD2:2018
IEC 61000-2-12, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-12: Environment – Compatibility
levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public medium-voltage power
supply systems
IEC 61000-4-7, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques – General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
CISPR 16-1-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-2-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General definitions
3.1.1
electromagnetic disturbance
electromagnetic phenomenon that can degrade the performance of a device, equipment or
system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:2018, 161-01-05, modified – in the definition the words “or adversely
affect living or inert matter” have been deleted and Note 1, Note 2, and Note 3 have been
deleted.]
3.1.2
disturbance level
amount or magnitude of an electromagnetic disturbance, measured and evaluated in a specified
way
– 10 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
3.1.3
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment
without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
Note 1 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is a condition of the electromagnetic environment such that, for every
phenomenon, the disturbance emission level is sufficiently low and immunity levels are sufficiently high so that all
devices, equipment and systems operate as intended.
Note 2 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is achieved only if emission and immunity levels are controlled such
that the immunity level of devices, equipment and systems, at any location, are not exceeded by the disturbance
level at that location, resulting from the cumulative emission of all sources and other factors such as circuit
impedances. Conventionally, compatibility is said to exist if the probability of the departure from intended
performance or of the adverse effect is sufficiently low. See IEC 61000-2-1:1990, Clause 4.
Note 3 to entry: Where the context requires it, compatibility is intended to refer to a single disturbance or class of
disturbances.
Note 4 to entry: Electromagnetic compatibility is a term used also to describe the field of study of the adverse
electromagnetic effect which devices, equipment and systems undergo from each other or from electromagnetic
phenomena.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:2018, 161-01-07, modified – Note 1 to Note 4 have been added.]
3.1.4
(electromagnetic) compatibility level
specified electromagnetic disturbance level used as a reference level in a specified environment
for coordination in the setting of emission and immunity limits
Note 1 to entry: By convention, the compatibility level is chosen so that there is only a small probability that it will
be exceeded by the actual disturbance level.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-03-10, modified – the last sentence of Note 1 is deleted
because it is less relevant in industrial locations compared to public locations.]
3.1.5
planning level
level of a particular disturbance in a particular environment, adopted as a reference value
for the limits to be set for the emission of large loads and installations, in order to coordinate
those limits with all the limits adopted for equipment intended to be connected to the power
supply system
Note 1 to entry: The planning level is locally specific and is adopted by those responsible for planning and operating
the power supply network in the relevant area. (For further explanation, see IEC 61000-2-2:2002, Annex A and
IEC 61000-1-2.)
3.1.6
industrial and private power distribution system
distribution network that is separated by at least one separation transformer from the public
power supply system to which other customer installations are connected
3.1.7
point of common coupling
PCC
point on a public power supply network, electrically nearest to a particular load, at which other
loads are, or could be, connected
Note 1 to entry: The PCC is usually the point for which electromagnetic compatibility in public networks is to be
considered.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-07-15, modified – the two notes have been deleted, the
content of Note 2 is integrated in the definition and a new note has been added.]
3.1.8
industrial location
location characterized by an installation consisting of a separate power distribution
network, supplied by a high- or medium-voltage transformer, dedicated for the supply of
this installation
Note 1 to entry: Industrial locations can generally be described by the existence of an installation with one or more
of the following characteristics:
• significant amount of electrical power generated, transmitted and/or consumed;
• frequent switching of heavy inductive or capacitive loads;
• high currents and associated magnetic fields;
• presence of industrial, high power scientific and medical (ISM) equipment (for example, welding machines).
The electromagnetic environment at an industrial location is predominantly produced by the equipment and
installation present at the location. There are types of industrial locations where some of the electromagnetic
phenomena appear in a more severe degree than in other installations.
Example locations include metalworking, pulp and paper, chemical plants, car production, farm building, high voltage
areas of airports.
Note 2 to entry: The connection between location and electromagnetic environment is given in 3.1.8.
[SOURCE: IEC 61000-6-4:2018, 3.1.12, modified – in the definition, “an installation consisting
of” has been added, and the term reference in Note 2 has been updated.]
3.1.9
electromagnetic environment
totality of electromagnetic phenomena existing at a given location
Note 1 to entry: In general, the electromagnetic environment is time-dependent and its description can be better
described with a statistical approach.
Note 2 to entry: It is very important not to confuse the concept of electromagnetic environment with the surrounding
location.
[SOURCE: IEC 61000-6-4:2018, 3.1.13.]
3.1.10
in-plant point of coupling
IPC
point inside a non-public power distribution system, electrically nearest to a given load, at which
loads from other branches are, or could be, connected
Note 1 to entry: The IPC is usually the point for which electromagnetic compatibility in industrial networks is to be
considered.
3.2 Phenomena-related definitions
NOTE 1 The definitions below that relate to harmonics are based on the analysis of system voltages or currents by
the discrete Fourier transform method (DFT). This is the practical application of the Fourier transform as defined in
IEV 101-13-09. See Annex A.
NOTE 2 The Fourier transform of a function of time, whether periodic or non-periodic, is a function in the frequency
domain and is referred to as the frequency spectrum of the time function, or simply spectrum. If the time function is
periodic the spectrum is constituted of discrete lines (or components). If the time function is not periodic, the spectrum
is a continuous function indicating components at all frequencies.
NOTE 3 Other definitions related to harmonics or interharmonics are given in IEC 60050 (all parts) and other
standards. Some of those other definitions, although not used in this document, are discussed in Annex A.
– 12 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
3.2.1
fundamental frequency
frequency, in the spectrum obtained from a Fourier transform of a time function, to which all the
components of this spectrum are referred
Note 1 to entry: In the case of a periodic function, the fundamental frequency is generally equal to the frequency of
the function itself (see Clause A.1.). For the purposes of this document, the fundamental frequency is also the same
as the power supply frequency.
3.2.2
fundamental component
fundamental
spectral component of a periodic time function whose frequency is equal to the fundamental
frequency
3.2.3
harmonic frequency
frequency which is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency
3.2.4
harmonic order
ratio of the harmonic frequency to the fundamental frequency
Note 1 to entry: The recommended notation for harmonic order is "h".
3.2.5
harmonic component
spectral component of a periodic time function whose frequency is a harmonic frequency
Note 1 to entry: Harmonic components are often referred to as harmonics.
Note 2 to entry: See IEC 61000-4-7 for measuring conditions.
3.2.6
interharmonic frequency
any frequency between two consecutive harmonic frequencies
3.2.7
interharmonic order
ratio of an interharmonic frequency to the fundamental frequency
Note 1 to entry: This ratio is not an integer and can be indicated with "m".
3.2.8
interharmonic component
spectral component having an interharmonic frequency
Note 1 to entry: For brevity, such a component can be referred to simply as an interharmonic.
3.2.9
total harmonic distortion
THD
ratio of the RMS value of the sum of all the harmonic components to the RMS value of the
fundamental component
Q
h
(1)
THD=
∑
Q
1
h=2
where:
Q represents either current or voltage
Q is the RMS value of the fundamental component
h is the harmonic order
Q is the RMS value of the harmonic component of order h
h
3.2.10
partial weighted harmonic distortion
PWHD
ratio of the weighted sum of the squared harmonic components from order 14 to order 40, to
the RMS value of the nominal component n
Q
h
(2)
PWHD h⋅
∑
Q
n
h=14
where:
Q is the nominal value of the quantity (e.g. voltage)
n
h is the harmonic order
Q is the RMS value of the quantity harmonic component of order h
h
3.2.11
voltage unbalance
voltage imbalance
condition in a polyphase system in which the r.m.s. values of the fundamental component of
the line-to-line voltages, or the phase angle between consecutive line-to-line voltages, are not
all equal
Note 1 to entry: Generally, in relation to three-phase systems, the amount of voltage imbalance is quantified by the
ratio between the negative sequence components and the positive sequence components. However, in some
circumstances, it is more appropriate to use the ratio between zero sequence and positive sequence components.
=
– 14 – IEC 61000-2-4:2024 IEC 2024
Note 2 to entry: Several approximations give reasonably accurate results for the levels of imbalance normally
encountered (ratio of negative to positive sequence components), for example:
22 2
UU+ +U
12 23 31
voltage unbalance (imbalance) =62×−
(3)
UU+ +U
( )
12 23 31
where
U , U , U are the three fundamental line-to-line voltages
12 23 31
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-08-09, modified – the definition was simplified and the
reference to the “zero sequence component” was moved from the core of the definition to
Note 1.]
3.2.12
voltage deviation
increase or decrease of the power supply RMS voltage, excluding transients with no remaining
effects
Note 1 to entry: Voltage variations and voltage fluctuations are the major types of voltage deviations. Some voltage
variations are fast due to the supply voltage adapting to different load conditions (for example, voltage taps changes
of transformers, permanent effect of capacitor bank switching). Voltage fluctuations, which can cause flicker, are a
different phenomenon (series of voltage deviations or cyclical voltage deviations, see IEC 61000-2-2:2002 and
IEC 61000-2-2:2002/AMD2:2019, 4.2).
3.2.13
voltage dip
voltage sag
temporary reduction of the voltage magnitude at a point in the electrical system below a
threshold
Note 1 to entry: Typically a dip is associated with the occurrence and termination of a short circuit or other extreme
current increase on the system or installations connected to it.
Note 2 to entry: Generally the dip threshold voltage corresponds to the minimum value of the nominal voltage
tolerance.
3.2.14
transient overvoltage
overvoltage with a duration of a few milliseconds or less, oscillatory or non-oscillatory, usually
highly damped
Note 1 to entry: Transient overvoltages can be immediately followed by temporary overvoltages. In such cases the
two overvoltages are considered as separate events.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-614:2016, 614-03-14, modified – Note 2 has been deleted.]
3.2.15
industrial power electronic equipment
equipment not intended to be connected in a residential location and having emission and
immunity either equal to or higher than those applicable to equipment intended to be used in a
residential location
3.3 Abbreviated terms
AIC Active infeed converter
DFT Discrete Fourier transform
IPC In-plant point of coupling
PCC Point of common coupling
PLC Power line communication
PWHD Partial weighted harmonic distortion
PWM Pulse width modulation
THD Total harmonic distortion
UPS Uninterruptible power system
4 Electromagnetic environment classes
Several electromagnetic environment classes can be defined for power distribution systems in
the scope of this document. However, for simplicity the following environment classes are
specified:
Class 1 This class applies to protected power supply systems, for which harmonic
compatibility levels lower than those for public networks are necessary. It relates to
the use of equipment which is very sensitive to disturbances in the power supply
voltage (e.g. electrical instrumentation in laboratories, special automation and
protection equipment, special computers).
Class 2L This class is a legacy from IEC 61000-2-4:2002 (second edition) for compatibility
th
levels up to the 40 harmonic. The IPCs for class 2L, class 2a and class 2b
correspond to the IPCs from the original class 2, hence the typical disturbance level
th
in the frequency range up to the 40 harmonic in class 2L is expected to be similar
th
to class 2a and class 2b. For the frequency range from the 40 harmonic to 150
kHz, class 2L is considered identical to class 2a. Class 2L is intended for some
existing installations but it is not recommended for new types of installations.
NOTE 1 For some existing safety-related installations, for example in nuclear power plants, a new safety
certification would be required if Class 2L were not included in this document.
Class 2a This class applies to IPCs (IPC1) in industrial locations at which no industrial power
electronic equipment is intended to be connected (e.g. offices).
Class 2b This class applies to IPCs (IPC2) in industrial locations, at which industrial power
electronic equipment is intended to be connected without a separation transformer
to class 2a systems, but in which standard non-industrial equipment is also intended
to be connected (e.g. light industry, commercial).
Class 3 IPCs (IPC3) in industrial locations which are separated by a separation transformer
from areas in which non-industrial equipment is intended to be connected. This
class should be considered when any of the following conditions are met:
• a major part of the load(s) is fed through converters (or systems of converters);
•
...
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 2-4: Environment - Compatibility levels in power distribution systems in industrial locations for low-frequency conducted disturbances". This standard covers: IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz to 150 kHz. It gives compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for industrial locations, with a nominal voltage up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8. Power distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not included. NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part. Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial locations, for guidance in the definition of: a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power distribution systems (including the planning levels defined in 3.1.5); NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial networks. These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However, it is the responsibility of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic conditions, including equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits. b) immunity levels for the equipment within these systems. The disturbance phenomena considered are: - voltage deviations; - voltage dips and short interruptions; - voltage imbalance; - power-frequency variations; - harmonics up to order 40; - interharmonics up to the 40th harmonic; - voltage components above the 40th harmonic up to 150 kHz; - DC component; - transient overvoltages. The compatibility levels are given for different classes of environment determined by the characteristics of the supply network and loads. NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in IEC 61000‑2‑2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000‑2‑12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 and IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 describe the approach of power distribution system operators to the limitation of emissions from installations and large loads. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2); b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3; c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz; d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD).
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz to 150 kHz. It gives compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for industrial locations, with a nominal voltage up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8. Power distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not included. NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part. Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial locations, for guidance in the definition of: a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power distribution systems (including the planning levels defined in 3.1.5); NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial networks. These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However, it is the responsibility of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic conditions, including equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits. b) immunity levels for the equipment within these systems. The disturbance phenomena considered are: - voltage deviations; - voltage dips and short interruptions; - voltage imbalance; - power-frequency variations; - harmonics up to order 40; - interharmonics up to the 40th harmonic; - voltage components above the 40th harmonic up to 150 kHz; - DC component; - transient overvoltages. The compatibility levels are given for different classes of environment determined by the characteristics of the supply network and loads. NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in IEC 61000‑2‑2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000‑2‑12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 and IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 describe the approach of power distribution system operators to the limitation of emissions from installations and large loads. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2); b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3; c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz; d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD).
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.100.10 - Emission; 33.100.20 - Immunity. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 61000-2-4:2002/COR1:2014, IEC 61000-2-4:2002. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase IEC 61000-2-4:2024 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of IEC standards.
La norme IEC 61000-2-4:2024 fournit des niveaux de compatibilité pour les perturbations conduites dans les systèmes de distribution électrique dans des environnements industriels, en se concentrant sur les perturbations de faible fréquence dans la plage de fréquence de 0 kHz à 150 kHz. Établie pour des tensions nominales allant jusqu'à 35 kV et des fréquences nominales de 50 Hz ou 60 Hz, cette norme présente une portée rigoureuse et pertinente pour les installations industrielles, excluant toutefois les systèmes de distribution d'énergie sur des navires, aéronefs, plates-formes offshore et chemins de fer. Les forces majeures de cette norme résident dans la définition claire des classes de compatibilité pour les perturbations électromagnétiques. En particulier, elle fournit des niveaux de compatibilité pour diverses perturbations telles que les variations de tension, les creux de tension, et l'imbalance de tension, entre autres. Avec la révision technique apportée dans cette troisième édition, on observe l'introduction de nouvelles classes (2a, 2b et 2L), la modification des niveaux de compatibilité pour la classe 3 et l'ajout de niveaux pour la plage de fréquence de 2 kHz à 150 kHz. Ces changements reflètent l'évolution des exigences et des conditions dans les environnements industriels modernes. La norme facilite également la définition des limites d'émissions de perturbations dans les systèmes de distribution électrique industriels tout en fournissant des niveaux d'immunité pour les équipements. Le fait que les niveaux de compatibilité soient spécifiés pour des classes d'environnement selon les caractéristiques du réseau d'alimentation et des charges là où ils sont appliqués renforce la pertinence de cette norme. En tenant compte de la diversité des environnements électromagnétiques industriels, la norme s'avère être un outil indispensable pour les opérateurs qui doivent naviguer à travers des conditions variées. De plus, la norme IEC 61000-2-4:2024 souligne l'importance de la responsabilité des opérateurs dans l'évaluation des particularités électromagnétiques et économiques afin de définir des limites adéquates pour les émissions de perturbations. Cela garantit que les niveaux de compatibilité fournis ne sont pas seulement des valeurs théoriques, mais qu'ils sont alignés avec les réalités pratiques que rencontrent les opérateurs de réseaux. En somme, cette norme joue un rôle crucial dans l'établissement de directives claires et incontournables pour la gestion des perturbations électromagnétiques dans les systèmes de distribution électrique industriels, tout en apportant des mises à jour significatives qui répondent aux défis contemporains.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 표준은 산업 위치에서의 전력 분배 시스템에 대한 저주파 전도 방해의 호환성 수준을 다루고 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 0 kHz에서 150 kHz까지의 주파수 범위에서 발생하는 전도 방해를 포괄하며, 산업 위치에서의 차동 모드(L-L 및 L-N)에 대한 호환성 수준을 제공합니다. 35 kV까지의 정격 전압과 50 Hz 또는 60 Hz의 정격 주파수에 대해 정의됩니다. 이 표준의 가장 큰 강점 중 하나는 다양한 산업 환경의 복잡성과 전자기 환경의 변동성을 고려하여 호환성 수준을 정의한다는 점입니다. 방해 현상으로는 전압 편차, 전압 강하 및 단기 중단, 전압 불균형, 전력 주파수 변화, 최대 40차의 고조파, 40차 고조파까지의 인터하모닉, 그리고 150 kHz까지의 전압 구성 요소 등이 포함되어 있습니다. 이를 통해 사용자들은 전력 분배 시스템 내에서 전자기 간섭에 대한 적절한 면역 수준과 방해 배출 한계를 설정할 수 있는 지침을 받게 됩니다. 산업 위치에서의 인-플랜트 결합 지점(In-Plant Point of Coupling, IPC)에 적용되는 호환성 수준은 간단명료함을 유지하며, 공장 내 전력 분배 시스템의 계획 수준과 방해 배출 한계를 설정하는 데 필수적인 도구가 됩니다. 또한, 이 문서에서 새롭게 추가된 호환성 수준은 2 kHz에서 150 kHz 범위의 저주파수 전도 방해를 포함하고, 기존 클래스 3에 대한 호환성 수준이 수정된 점은 더욱 세밀한 적용을 가능하게 합니다. IEC 61000-2-4:2024 표준은 또한 고조파 왜곡(PWHD)이라는 새로운 측정을 도입하여 전자기 호환성을 보다 정교하게 평가할 수 있도록 하였습니다. 이는 전력 분배 시스템의 운영자가 설치 및 대규모 부하에서 방해를 제한하는 접근 방식을 설명하는 IEC TR 61000-3-6 및 IEC TR 61000-3-7과도 관련성이 있습니다. 결론적으로, IEC 61000-2-4:2024 표준은 저주파 전도 방해에 대한 산업 위치의 호환성을 보장하는 데 있어 중요한 기준을 제시하며, 이러한 요인들은 오늘날의 전력 분배 시스템의 설계 및 운영에 필수적인 요소로 자리 잡고 있습니다.
Die IEC 61000-2-4:2024 ist ein wesentlicher Standard im Bereich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit (EMV), der sich auf niederfrequente, geleitete Störungen in industriellen Stromverteilungssystemen konzentriert. Der Anwendungsbereich des Standards umfasst verschiedene Störphänomene, die in dem Frequenzbereich von 0 kHz bis 150 kHz auftreten können, wobei die Spezifikationen für Industrieorte mit einer nominalen Spannung bis zu 35 kV und einer Frequenz von 50 Hz oder 60 Hz definiert sind. Ein hervorzuhebender Punkt des Standards ist seine detaillierte Klassifizierung der Umweltbedingungen in industriellen Netzwerken. Die neuen Klassen 2a, 2b und 2L bieten eine differenzierte Betrachtung der elektromagnetischen Umgebungen, was die Relevanz des Standards für verschiedene industrielle Applikationen erhöht. Darüber hinaus werden die im Dokument festgelegten Kompatibilitätsniveaus nicht nur für den In-Plant Point of Coupling (IPC), sondern auch für die spezifischen Anforderungen der Geräte im Netzwerk bereitgestellt, was die Anwendung in der Praxis erleichtert. Die Störphänomene, die in diesem Standard behandelt werden, sind umfangreich und reichen von Spannungsschwankungen, Spannungseinbrüchen und kurzen Unterbrechungen bis hin zu harmonischen und interharmonischen Komponenten. Dies macht die IEC 61000-2-4:2024 zu einem unverzichtbaren Dokument für Ingenieure und Techniker, die sich mit der Auslegung und dem Betrieb von Stromverteilungssystemen in industriellen Umgebungen befassen. Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist die Neugestaltung der Kompatibilitätsniveaus, die nun auch Werte im Frequenzbereich von 2 kHz bis 150 kHz umfassen, was die Relevanz des Standards in Bezug auf moderne Geräteeigenschaften und Netzwerke erhöht. Durch die Einführung der neuen Größe "partielle gewichtete harmonische Verzerrung" (PWHD) wird zusätzlich auf die aktuelle technische Entwicklung eingegangen. Insgesamt stellt die IEC 61000-2-4:2024 einen wichtigen Fortschritt in der Regulierung elektromagnetischer Störungen dar und bietet praxisnahe Leitlinien, um die EMV-Anforderungen in industriellen Anwendungen effektiv zu erfüllen. Die umfassende Abdeckung von Störphänomenen und die Aktualisierung der Kompatibilitätsniveaus machen diesen Standard zu einem unverzichtbaren Werkzeug in der Branche.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024の標準は、工業用ロケーションにおける低周波伝導性干渉について、非常に重要な役割を担っています。この標準は、0 kHzから150 kHzの周波数範囲における伝導性の干渉に関連しており、業界の電力分配システムにおける互換性レベルを明確に示しています。具体的には、名目電圧35 kVまでで、50 Hzまたは60 Hzの名目周波数を使用する工業用ロケーションのための差動モード（L-LおよびL-N）の互換性レベルを提供しています。 この標準の強みは、工業環境における低周波数の電磁干渉に対する有効な指針を提供することです。特に、工場内の結合点（IPC）で期待される干渉現象について、電圧変動や電圧のディップ、短時間の中断、電圧不均衡、電力周波数変動、さらには40次までの高調波やDC成分、過渡的な過電圧を考慮に入れています。このような包括的な内容は、工業用電力分配システムにおいて免疫レベルや干渉の排出制限を設定する際に非常に有意義です。 また、旧版からの技術的改訂が行われ、新たにクラス2a、2b及び2Lが追加され、クラス3の互換性レベルも修正されています。さらに、2 kHzから150 kHzの周波数範囲における互換性レベルの追加もあり、全体としてこの標準は、変化する技術環境に適応し続ける能力を示しています。 なお、船舶や航空機、オフショアプラットフォーム、鉄道の電力分配システムは対象外として明示されているため、適用範囲が明確に定義されている点も、利用者にとっての利便性を向上させています。このように、IEC 61000-2-4:2024は、工業用ロケーションにおける電磁的互換性の確保に寄与するための貴重な標準です。
Die Norm IEC 61000-2-4:2024 befasst sich mit der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit (EMC) und definiert Kompatibilitätsniveaus für LeistungsVerteilungssysteme in industriellen Umgebungen, insbesondere hinsichtlich niederfrequenter leitungsgeführter Störungen im Frequenzbereich von 0 kHz bis 150 kHz. Die Norm ist speziell auf industrielle Standorte mit einer Nennspannung von bis zu 35 kV und einer Nennfrequenz von 50 Hz oder 60 Hz ausgerichtet. Dies stellt sicher, dass die festgelegten Kompatibilitätsniveaus in verschiedenen industriellen Umgebungen anwendbar sind, was die Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Relevanz der Norm erhöht. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der IEC 61000-2-4:2024 liegt in der klaren Definition der Störungsphänomene, die in diesem Kontext berücksichtigt werden. Dazu zählen Spannungsabweichungen, Spannungsdips und -kurzunterbrechungen, Spannungsungleichgewichte sowie Frequenzänderungen und sogar harmonische Störungen bis zur 40. Ordnung. Diese detaillierte Betrachtung ermöglicht eine präzise Bewertung der Kompatibilität und bietet dem Betreiber eines Netzwerks die notwendige Grundlage, um spezifische Anforderungen und Grenzwerte festzulegen. Die Einführung neuer Klassen (2a, 2b und 2L) und die Modifizierung bestehender Kompatibilitätsniveaus für die Klasse 3 zeugen von einer kontinuierlichen Aktualisierung und Anpassung an die technologischen Entwicklungen und Anforderungen der Industrie. Darüber hinaus ist die Erweiterung der Kompatibilitätsniveaus im Frequenzbereich von 2 kHz bis 150 kHz sowie die Einführung der partial gewichteten harmonischen Verzerrung (PWHD) von großer Bedeutung für die Verbesserung der Signalqualität und die Reduzierung von Störfaktoren in industriellen Anwendungen. Mit den in diesem Dokument festgelegten Kompatibilitätsniveaus wird ein wertvolles Rahmenwerk bereitgestellt, das nicht nur den Betreibern von Industrieanlagen hilft, die emissionsbegrenzenden Maßnahmen zu planen, sondern auch die nötige Immunität für die Maschinen und Geräte innerhalb dieser Systeme sicherstellt. Dieser Ansatz verbessert nicht nur die operative Effizienz, sondern fördert auch die Einhaltung von Umweltstandards in der Industrie. Insgesamt wird durch die Norm IEC 61000-2-4:2024 ein umfassendes Verständnis der elektromagnetischen Umweltbedingungen in industriellen Bereichen gefördert, das für die Planung, den Betrieb und die Wartung von Elektronik- und Energieverteilungssystemen essentiell ist. Die Norm bietet somit nicht nur technische Richtlinien, sondern auch praktische Anleitungen für die Gewährleistung der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit in industriellen Standorten.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024は、産業用ロケーションにおける低周波の伝導雑音に関する電磁両立性（EMC）の標準であり、0 kHzから150 kHzの周波数範囲におけるりんごとした互換性レベルを明示しています。この標準は、名義電圧が35 kVまでの産業用電力配電システムに適用され、50 Hzまたは60 Hzの名義周波数においても重要な役割を果たしています。 本標準の強みは、具体的かつ明確な指針を提供する点にあります。特に、各種類の低周波電磁雑音について、工場内結合点（IPC）での互換性レベルを設定しています。これにより、運用者は特定の電磁環境や経済的条件を考慮しながら、発生する雑音の限度や機器の耐障害性レベルを定義できます。これらの制限を確立する際には、電圧の偏差、短時間の電圧歪み、電圧の不均一性、電力周波数の変動、さらには最大40次の高調波や40次未満の相互高調波など、さまざまな低周波雑音現象を考慮しています。 特に、新たに導入されたクラス2a、2b、および2Lが、従来のクラス2を改善し、既存のクラス3の互換性レベルも修正されている点は注目に値します。また、2 kHzから150 kHzの周波数レンジにおける互換性レベルの追加や、新しい指標である部分加重高調波歪み（PWHD）の採用も、技術的な進展を示しており、産業環境での電磁両立性の確保に寄与するでしょう。 この文書は、特に工業用電力配電システムの計画や機器の性能基準を設定する上での重要な基礎を提供し、適切な設計と運用を促します。標準は、産業用ロケーションに特化しているため、船舶、航空機、オフショアプラットフォーム、鉄道の電力配電システムには適用されない点も明記されており、対象を明確に絞り込んでいます。これにより、運用者は特定の環境条件に合わせた対策を講じやすくなります。 全体として、IEC 61000-2-4:2024は、産業環境における電磁両立性の重要な標準であり、低周波雑音に対する理解を深め、実践的な基準を提供する役割を果たしています。
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 표준은 전자기호환성(EMC) 분야에서 산업 위치의 전력 배급 시스템에서 낮은 주파수의 유도 방해에 대한 호환성 수준을 정의하는 중요한 문서입니다. 이 표준의 범위는 0 kHz에서 150 kHz까지의 주파수 범위의 유도 방해를 다루며, 산업 위치에서의 고유한 전력 조건을 반영합니다. 이러한 범위는 다양한 산업 환경에서 발생할 수 있는 전자기 방해를 효과적으로 평가할 수 있도록 돕습니다. IEC 61000-2-4의 강점 중 하나는 다양한 환경 클래스에 대한 호환성 수준을 명확히 규정하고 있다는 점입니다. 이 표준은 전압 편차, 전압 강하 및 단기 중단, 전압 불균형, 전력 주파수 변동, 최대 40차의 고조파, 40번째 고조파까지의 상조화 및 150 kHz까지의 전압 성분과 같은 다양한 방해 현상을 상세히 고려하고 있습니다. 이는 산업 전력 배급 시스템의 안정성과 신뢰성을 높이는 데 매우 중요한 요소입니다. 뿐만 아니라, 표준이 제공하는 지침은 방해 배출의 한계 및 시스템 내 장비의 면역 수준을 정의하는 데 유용합니다. 특히, 이 표준은 특정 요구 사항을 충족하기 위해 산업 전력 배급 시스템의 운영자가 다양한 전자기적 및 경제적 조건을 고려해야 함을 강조하고 있습니다. 이는 실질적인 적용을 위해 필요한 유연성을 제공합니다. 최신 버전인 2024년판은 2002년에 발행된 이전 버전을 대체하며, 새로운 클래스 도입과 기존 호환성 수준의 수정, 2 kHz에서 150 kHz까지의 호환성 수준 추가 등의 주요 기술 변화가 포함되어 있습니다. 이러한 변화는 산업 환경의 변화와 기술 발전을 반영하며, 현대의 다양한 요구 사항에 맞춰 표준을 지속적으로 개선하고 있습니다. 이처럼 IEC 61000-2-4:2024는 산업 위치에서의 낮은 주파수 전자기 방해를 관리하고 호환성 수준을 확보하기 위한 필수적인 지침으로, 더욱 향상된 전자기 호환성을 제공합니다.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 provides a comprehensive framework for addressing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in industrial power distribution systems, specifically focusing on low-frequency conducted disturbances within the frequency range of 0 kHz to 150 kHz. The standard is particularly relevant for environments housing industrial locations with nominal voltages up to 35 kV and operates at standard frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. One of the standard's significant strengths lies in its detailed categorization of compatibility levels tailored for various types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances. It effectively sets forth guidelines that help define both emission limits and immunity levels for equipment in industrial settings, addressing key disturbance phenomena such as voltage deviations, dips, short interruptions, imbalances, harmonic variations, and transient overvoltages. The standard outlines specific compatibility levels at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC), which are essential for ensuring that the electromagnetic environment surrounding industrial equipment remains stable and conducive for optimal functionality. By including detailed descriptions of new classes-namely 2a, 2b, and 2L-as well as modified compatibility levels for existing classes, the IEC 61000-2-4:2024 standard reflects contemporary advancements in the understanding of electromagnetic disturbances and their impacts. Another notable aspect of this standard is its acknowledgment of the varying conditions that industrial networks can exhibit. This variability is approximated through three classes established in Clause 4, emphasizing the importance of operators to consider their specific electromagnetic conditions when setting limits. Furthermore, the addition of compatibility levels concerning the new metric of partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD) demonstrates the standard’s adaptability and relevance to current industry practices. By delineating applicable limits for disturbance emissions and immunity levels in industrial power distribution systems, IEC 61000-2-4:2024 stands as a pivotal resource for industry stakeholders aiming to navigate and comply with the regulatory landscape while maintaining operational reliability in the face of electromagnetic disturbances.
IEC 61000-2-4:2024 serves as a comprehensive guideline for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) within power distribution systems in industrial environments, specifically addressing low-frequency conducted disturbances ranging from 0 kHz to 150 kHz. The standard garners significance due to its focus on compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for systems with nominal voltages up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, providing essential definitions clearly applicable to various industrial locations. A notable strength of IEC 61000-2-4:2024 lies in its thorough categorization of disturbance phenomena, including voltage deviations, dips, imbalances, harmonic distortion, and transient overvoltages. By specifying compatibility levels at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC), it empowers operators to establish limits for disturbance emissions and immunity levels for equipment, thus ensuring system stability and operational reliability amidst diverse electromagnetic environments, recognized in the various classes outlined in Clause 4. The standard's relevance extends to its consideration of the unique electromagnetic environment present in industrial setups, where conditions may greatly vary. The introduction of new classes, modifications to existing compatibility levels, and the addition of novel frequency ranges and metrics such as partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD) reflects a progressive approach to addressing modern challenges in EMC. This updated version notably enhances the framework surrounding industrial power distribution while providing a clear methodology for assessing and mitigating low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances. Furthermore, IEC 61000-2-4:2024 maintains its adaptability by distinguishing between different classes of environments based on supply network characteristics, facilitating tailored implementations across various industrial applications. By delineating these parameters, it serves not only as a technical reference but also as a critical asset for planning levels without compromising the specific electromagnetic and economic conditions inherent to individual networks. Overall, the standard is an essential tool aiding in the alignment of industrial power distribution systems with contemporary EMC practices, bridging the gap between theoretical compatibility and practical application in diverse industrial locations.
La norme IEC 61000-2-4:2024 traite de la compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) en mettant l'accent sur les niveaux de compatibilité dans les systèmes de distribution d'énergie au sein des environnements industriels. Son champ d'application est clairement défini, abordant les perturbations conduites dans la plage de fréquence de 0 kHz à 150 kHz, tout en précisant les niveaux de compatibilité en mode différentiel (L-L et L-N) pour des installations à une tension nominale allant jusqu'à 35 kV, avec des fréquences nominales de 50 Hz ou 60 Hz. Un des principaux points forts de cette norme est son adaptabilité aux différentes classes d'environnement électromagnétique, permettant aux opérateurs de réseaux industriels de mieux évaluer et gérer les émissions de perturbations dans leurs systèmes de distribution d'énergie. Les niveaux de compatibilité spécifiés pour divers types de perturbations électromagnétiques, telles que les écarts de tension, les creux de tension et les fluctuations de fréquence, offrent un cadre de référence précieux pour la conception et la mise en œuvre des systèmes industriels. La norme souligne également l'importance de la prise en compte des conditions électromagnétiques particulières à chaque installation, rendant ainsi cette norme particulièrement pertinente pour un large éventail d'applications industrielles. Les changements techniques apportés dans cette édition, comme l'introduction des nouvelles classes 2a, 2b et 2L, modifient les niveaux de compatibilité existants et étendent la portée à de nouvelles fréquences, ce qui en fait un document d'une extrême importance pour les professionnels du secteur. De plus, l'ajout de niveaux de compatibilité utilisant la nouvelle quantité de distorsion harmonique partielle pondérée (PWHD) enrichit encore plus le contenu technique de cette norme. Cela reflète l'évolution des technologies et la nécessité de standards actualisés pour faire face aux défis contemporains en matière de CEM dans les systèmes de distribution d'énergie. En résumé, la norme IEC 61000-2-4:2024 est un outil essentiel pour les acteurs de l'industrie souhaitant garantir un fonctionnement fiable et efficace de leurs équipements tout en respectant les exigences de compatibilité électromagnétique. Ses dispositions permettent d'établir des limites d'émissions de perturbations ainsi que des niveaux d'immunité pour les équipements, assurant ainsi un environnement de travail optimal.
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...