Wireless power transfer (WPT) - Glossary of terms

IEC 63006:2019 specifies terminology and definitions related to wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies below 30 MHz to promote global harmonization of wireless power transfer terminology.
This document does not address terminology of wireless power transfer outside the scope of IEC TC 100 (Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment), such as human exposure or safety.

Transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT) - Glossaire des termes

L'IEC 63006:2019 spécifie la terminologie et les définitions relatives aux technologies de transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT - Wireless Power Transfer) au-dessous de 30 MHz, afin de promouvoir l'harmonisation globale de la terminologie du transfert d'énergie sans fil.
La présente norme ne traite pas de la terminologie du transfert d'énergie sans fil en dehors du domaine d'application du TC 100 de l'IEC (Systèmes et équipements audio, vidéo et services de données), notamment en ce qui concerne l'exposition humaine ou la sécurité.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
13-Oct-2019
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
01-Nov-2019
Completion Date
14-Oct-2019
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IEC 63006
®

Edition 1.0 2019-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Wireless power transfer (WPT) – Glossary of terms

Transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT) – Glossaire des termes

IEC 63006:2019-10(en-fr)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC 63006

®


Edition 1.0 2019-10




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE











Wireless power transfer (WPT) – Glossary of terms



Transfert d'énergie sans fil (WPT) – Glossaire des termes



















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


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ICS 29.240.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-7462-0




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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
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– 2 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
Bibliography . 14

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER (WPT) –
GLOSSARY OF TERMS

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 63006 has been prepared by technical area 15: Wireless Power
Transfer (WPT), of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia systems and
equipment.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
100/3259/FDIS 100/3312/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

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– 4 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
IEC TC 100 published a technical report, IEC TR 62869, Activities and considerations related
to wireless power transfer (WPT) for audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment, at
which point it was determined that the international community is lacking globally harmonized
usage of terminology related to wireless power transfer technology.
This document provides common terminology to be used in wireless power transfer technology
technical reports and standards.

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– 6 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER (WPT) –
GLOSSARY OF TERMS



1 Scope
This document specifies terminology and definitions related to wireless power transfer (WPT)
technologies below 30 MHz to promote global harmonization of wireless power transfer
terminology.
This document does not address terminology of wireless power transfer outside the scope of
IEC TC 100 (Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment), such as human exposure
or safety.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
accessory receiver
back cover
receiver that physically mates to the exterior of a device for the purpose of powering or charging
that device, but is physically separable
Note 1 to entry: The device does not otherwise have the ability to be powered or charged wirelessly without the use
of the accessory receiver.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.2
alignment aid
method of positioning a receiver relative to a transmitter that provides the user with feedback
to properly align the active area of the receiver to the active area of the transmitter
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.3
authentication
tamper-resistant process of a receiver verifying the identity of a transmitter, and/or a transmitter
verifying the identity of a receiver
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 7 –
3.4
battery management system
BMS
system of circuits (which may be integrated with a battery into a battery pack) to monitor key
operational parameters of a battery during charging and discharging
Note 1 to entry: Examples of such key parameters are voltages, currents, internal temperature of the battery,
ambient temperature.
Note 2 to entry: The monitoring circuits may provide inputs to protection devices, which would generate alarms or
disconnect the battery from the load or charger should any of the parameters become out of limits.
Note 3 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.5
capacitive coupling
electric field coupling
coupling between electric circuit elements, by which a voltage between the terminals of one of
them gives rise to an electric charge in another element
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-131:2002, 131-12-31]
3.6
charging region
active area
charge area
area from where power is made available to receivers
Note 1 to entry: A charging pad is one example of a charging region.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.7
conductive wireless power system
wireless power system that provides a conductive surface to which receivers are connected
through direct electrical contacts
Note 1 to entry: Such systems allow wire-free power delivery.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.8
control capability
capability of either modulating or demodulating a control signal via an impedance network (i.e.
in-band communication) or by an out-of-band communication channel to achieve the
appropriate power transfer, including identifying valid devices and fault conditions.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.9
coupling coefficient
k
measure of the magnetic linkage between the transmitter and the receiver coils, and defined as
M
k=
LL×
12
• where M is the mutual inductance, and

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– 8 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
• L and L are the inductance of transmitter and receiver coil, respectively
1 2
3.10
device detection
process by which a transmitter identifies that a receiver is within proximity of the transmitter
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.11
electromagnetic, adj
pertaining to electromagnetism
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-11-09]
3.12
electromagnetic induction
phenomenon in which an induced voltage or an induced current is produced
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-121:2008, 121-11-30]
3.13
electrostatic induction
phenomenon in which electrical charge is redistributed through the use or presence of external
charges
Note 1 to entry: The uncharged object becomes charged through the placement of a strong electrically charged
object, attracting the opposite electrical charges within the uncharged object and polarizing the uncharged object.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.14
embedded receiver
receiver incorporated within a device for the purpose of powering or charging that device, which
is designed not to be consumer replaceable
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.15
far field
distance greater than two wavelengths from transmitter to receiver
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.16
field transition zone
range between one and two wavelengths from the transmitter to the receiver
Note 1 to entry: The zone is located between the near field and the far field.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.17
free positioning
placing of a receiver in the charging region without using an alignment aid in any position and
orientation relative to the transmitter
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 9 –
3.18
highly resonant wireless power transfer
wireless transfer of power through magnetic induction between a transmitter coil and receiver
coil(s) where the coupling coefficient (k) can be much less than 0,1, though values up to 1 may
also be supported, and where the system requires magnetic resonance
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.19
inductive power transfer system
system that relies on magnetic induction for energy transfer
Note 1 to entry: Such a system uses at least one primary coil and at least one secondary coil. A system may have
several secondary coils, and they may provide alternating current voltages that are higher, lower, or the same as
that applied to the primary coil. Magnetic induction power transfer systems are optimized to operate in the
electromagnetic near-field.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.20
intentional use of RF
use of RF that is designed for the primary purpose of charging by coupling RF power to a
receiver
Note 1 to entry: The coupled RF may or may not be modulated to carry information.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.21
load change sensing
recognition of a variation in load impedance
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.22
load management
situation where the device being charged switches the amount of power that it draws from the
wireless power transfer device between two discrete levels using load modulation techniques
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.23
magnetic resonance
highly resonant magnetic induction
loosely coupled magnetic resonance
magnetic resonant coupling
subset of electromagnetic induction methods utilizing non-radiative, near-field or mid-field
resonance coupling between two electromagnetic resonators where the coupling coefficient
between primary or source coil and secondary or receiving coil is low (k much less than 1)
[SOURCE: IEC TR 62869:2013, 3.1.3, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]
3.24
mutual inductance
two or more coils magnetically linked together by a common magnetic flux
3.25
near field
distance less than one wavelength from the transmitter to the receiver

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– 10 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.26
no-load power
power consumed by the transmitter when no receiver is present
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.27
operating frequency
oscillation frequency of the power signal
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.28
optical power transfer
energy transfer that uses energy from the ultraviolet, visible or infrared (IR) bands of the
electromagnetic spectrum
Note 1 to entry: The source of the energy can be from a light source or transmitter or from the ambient environment.
The energy is collected or harvested by a receiver.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.29
power factor
under periodic conditions, ratio of the absolute value of the active power P to the apparent
power S:
P
λ=
S
Note 1 to entry: Under sinusoidal conditions, the power factor is the absolute value of the active factor.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-131:2002, 131-11-46]
3.30
power range
lowest to highest power level that a transmitter and receiver support
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.31
power regulation
method for controlling the output voltage or current from the receiver to appropriate value
Note 1 to entry: This may be performed by the transmitter, receiver, or a combination of both.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.32
power-save mode
state a transmitter could be in with fully charged devices present (i.e. devices that require/draw
no power)
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 11 –
3.33
power transfer loss
power loss due to imperfect transfer of the energy from the transmitter to the receiver, such as
between two coils
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.34
primary coil
component of a transmitter that converts electric current to magnetic flux
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.35
radio frequency energy
electromagnetic energy at any frequency in the radio spectrum between 3 kHz and
3 000 000 MHz
[SOURCE: 47 CFR Part 15, §15.3 Definitions (u)] [ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.36
radio frequency power transfer
energy transfer that uses energy in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum
Note 1 to entry: The source of the energy can be from an intentional RF use or from the ambient environment. If an
intentional RF use is employed, it can direct the energy in a variety of patterns (beam, isotropic, etc.). The energy is
collected or harvested by an RF antenna receiver. The systems are optimized to enable energy transfer in the
electromagnetic wave’s far field region.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.37
reactive near field
transfer of power over a distance less than λ/2π or 0,16 wavelengths from transmitter to receiver
Note 1 to entry: In this range, the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter can be greatly affected by any
absorption or phase modulation of any present material or circuit.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.38
receiver
device designed for accepting a signal or energy from a transmitter
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.39
receiver coil
component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.40
rectification
electronic conversion from alternating current to direct current
Note 1 to entry: In the context of wireless power transfer, rectification is applied to the RF output of the receiver
coil.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-551:1998, 551-11-06]

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– 12 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
3.41
recognition
identification
application of a signal to detect and identify a receiver
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.42
resonance
phenomenon occurring in a physical system when the period of a forced oscillation is such that
the characteristic quantity of the oscillation or its time derivative reaches an extremum
Note 1 to entry: At resonance, the period of the forced oscillation is often close to that of a free oscillation.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-103:2017, 103-05-07]
3.43
secondary coil
component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.44
short-range near-field
transmission of power through magnetic induction between a transmitter coil and receiver coil
where the distance between the coils is less than the sum of the radii of the transmitter and
receiver coils
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.45
standby energy
energy consumed by the transmitter when a receiver is not present
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.46
tightly coupled wireless power system
inductive wireless power transfer system with a strong magnetic linkage between the primary
and secondary coil
Note 1 to entry: The coupling coefficient (k) of such a system, is typically greater than 0,5 and can exceed 0,99 in
a classical system.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.47
transfer efficiency
energy efficiency
percentage calculated from the power delivered to the receiver load divided by the power
consumed by the wireless power transmitter
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.48
transmitter coil
component of a wireless power transmitter that converts electric current to magnetic flux
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 13 –
3.49
transmitter output power level
amount of power, typically measured in watts, that is provided from the transmitter in a wireless
power system
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.50
unintentional radiator
device that intentionally generates radio frequency energy for use within the device, or that
sends radio frequency signals by conduction to associated equipment via connecting wiring,
but which is not intended to emit RF energy by radiation or induction
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.51
wireless charging
process or method that takes place in any system where power is provided to a battery
management system without interconnecting wires
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.52
wireless power system
power system that includes a wireless power transmitter and one or more receivers
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.53
wireless power transfer
process or method that takes place in any system where electrical energy is transmitted from a
power source to an electrical load without interconnecting wires
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.54
wireless power transfer communication protocol
set of rules for exchanging messages between a transmitter and a receiver, in order to control
the wireless power transfer
Note 1 to entry: Such a protocol may include signalling, compliance verification and error detection/correction
capabilities and may also be implemented in hardware, software, or both.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.55
wireless power transmitter
electronic device designed for the primary purpose of inducing power
Note 1 to entry: There are various technologies to transmit power including, but not limited to, tightly coupled
magnetic induction and highly resonant magnetic induction.
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]
3.56
"z" distance
distance between the transmitter and receiver coils in the direction perpendicular to the plane
of the coils
[SOURCE: ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B]

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Bibliography
IEC TR 62869:2013, Activities and considerations related to wireless power transfer (WPT) for
audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment
IEC 60050-103:2009, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 103: Mathematics -
Functions
IEC 60050-103:2009/AMD1:2017
IEC 60050-121:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 121: Electromagnetism
IEC 60050-121:1998/AMD1:2002
IEC 60050-121:1998/AMD2:2008
IEC 60050-131:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 131: Circuit theory
IEC 60050-151:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 151: Electrical and
magnetic devices
IEC 60050-551:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 551: Power electronics
IEC 63028:2017, Wireless power transfer – Airfuel alliance resonant baseline system
specification (BSS)
ANSI/CTA-2042.1-B, Wireless Power Glossary of Terms
47 CFR §15.3, U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47: Telecommunication, Part 15-Radio
Frequency Devices, §15.3 Definitions

___________

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– 16 – IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 17
INTRODUCTION . 19
1 Domaine d'application . 20
2 Références normatives . 20
3 Termes et définitions . 20
Bibliographie . 29

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IEC 63006:2019 © IEC 2019 – 17 –
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________

TRANSFERT D'ÉNERGIE SANS FIL (WPT) –
GLOSSAIRE DES TERMES

AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de l'IEC). L'IEC a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, l'IEC – entre autres activités – publie des Normes internationales,
des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au public (PAS) et des
Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de l'IEC"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux
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internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'IEC, participent également aux
travaux. L'IEC collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des
conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de l'IEC concernant les qu
...

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