IEC 61048:2006
(Main)Auxiliaries for lamps - Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits - General and safety requirements
Auxiliaries for lamps - Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits - General and safety requirements
This International Standard states the requirements for both self-healing and non-self-healing continuously rated a.c. capacitors of up to and including 2,5 kVAr, and not less than 0,1 µF, having a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V, which are intended for use in discharge lamp circuits operating at 50 Hz or 60 Hz and at altitudes up to 3 000 m.
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes - Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans les circuits de lampes tubulaires à fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge - Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
La présente Norme internationale énonce les exigences pour les condensateurs autorégénérateurs et non autorégénérateurs pour usage permanent en courant alternatif, d'une puissance inférieure ou égale à 2,5 kVAr, de capacité supérieure à 0,1 µF et dont la tension assignée n'excède pas 1 000 V, qui sont destinés à être utilisés dans les circuits de lampes à décharge fonctionnant à 50 Hz ou 60 Hz à des altitudes jusqu'à 3 000 m.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2006-03
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes –
Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés
dans les circuits de lampes tubulaires à
fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge –
Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
Auxiliaries for lamps –
Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent
and other discharge lamp circuits –
General and safety requirements
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 61048:2006
Numérotation des publications Publication numbering
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are
sont numérotées à partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For
devient la CEI 60034-1. example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Editions consolidées Consolidated editions
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exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication,
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base incorporant l’amendement 1, et la publication de the base publication incorporating amendments 1
base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. and 2.
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2006-03
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes –
Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés
dans les circuits de lampes tubulaires à
fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge –
Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
Auxiliaries for lamps –
Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent
and other discharge lamp circuits –
General and safety requirements
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électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
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PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue
– 2 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.6
INTRODUCTION.10
1 Domaine d'application .12
2 Références normatives.12
3 Termes et définitions .14
4 Prescriptions générales .16
5 Généralités sur les essais .16
6 Marquage .18
6.1 Marquage obligatoire.18
6.2 Informations supplémentaires.18
6.3 Durabilité et lisibilité du marquage.20
7 Moyens de raccordement .20
8 Lignes de fuite et distances dans l'air .20
9 Tension assignée .22
10 Fusibles .24
11 Résistances de décharge .24
12 Ordre des essais .24
13 Essai de scellement et d'échauffement .26
13.1 Essai de scellement et d’échauffement pour les condensateurs de type A.26
13.2 Essai de scellement et d’échauffement pour les condensateurs de type B.26
14 Essai sous tension élevée .26
14.1 Essai sous tension élevée entre bornes.26
14.2 Essai sous tension élevée entre bornes et boîtier.28
15 Résistance aux conditions de fonctionnement défavorables .28
15.1 Essai à l’humidité sous tension.30
15.2 Essai en courant (décharge).30
16 Résistance à la chaleur, au feu et au cheminement .32
16.3 Essai de cheminement .34
17 Essai d'autorégénération .34
18 Essai de destruction .36
18.1 Essai A.36
18.2 Essai B.42
18.3 Condensateurs non autorégénérateurs.48
Annexe A (normative) Tension d'essai .60
Annexe B (normative) Réglage de la température de l'enceinte d'essai.62
Annexe C (normative) Essai de conformité de production .64
Annexe D (informative) Guide de calcul des réglages de l’équipement pour les essais
des paragraphes 15.2 et 18.1.3 .66
Bibliographie.70
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.13
2 Normative references .13
3 Terms and definitions .15
4 General requirements .17
5 General notes on tests .17
6 Marking .19
6.1 Required marking .19
6.2 Additional information.19
6.3 Durability and legibility of marking .21
7 Terminations .21
8 Creepage distances and clearances .21
9 Voltage rating.23
10 Fuses .25
11 Discharge resistors.25
12 Testing sequence .25
13 Sealing and heating test .27
13.1 Sealing and heating test for type A capacitors .27
13.2 Sealing and heating test for type B capacitors .27
14 High-voltage test .27
14.1 High-voltage test between terminals .27
14.2 High-voltage test between terminals and case.29
15 Resistance to adverse operating conditions.29
15.1 Humidity test with voltage applied .31
15.2 Current (discharge) test.31
16 Resistance to heat, fire and tracking.33
17 Self-healing test .35
18 Destruction test .37
18.1 Test A .37
18.2 Test B .43
18.3 Non-self-healing capacitors .49
Annex A (normative) Test voltage .61
Annex B (normative) Temperature adjustment of test enclosure.63
Annex C (normative) Test for conformity of manufacture.65
Annex D (informative) Guide to calculating equipment settings for tests in 15.2 and
18.1.3 .67
Bibliography.71
– 4 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
Figure 1 – Circuit de conditionnement sous tension alternative .50
Figure 2 – Circuit de conditionnement sous tension continue .50
Figure 3 – Appareillage pour l'essai d'auto-régénération après claquage .52
Figure 4 – Forme d’onde de tension et de courant pour les essais de 15.2 et 18.1.3.54
Figure 5 – Circuit d’essai type pour les essais de 15.2 et 18.1.3 .56
Figure 6 – Résumé des procédures d’essai.58
Tableau 1 – Lignes de fuite et distances dans l'air minimales .22
Tableau 2 – Tension et durée d’essai applicables à l’essai d’endurance, première
séquence d’essais .36
Tableau 3 – Tension et durée d’essai applicables à l’essai d’endurance, deuxième
séquence d’essais .38
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 5 –
Figure 1 – AC conditioning circuit .51
Figure 2 – DC conditioning circuit .51
Figure 3 – Self-healing breakdown test equipment .53
Figure 4 – Voltage and current waveform for the tests in 15.2 and 18.1.3 .55
Figure 5 – Typical test circuit for the tests in 15.2 and 18.1.3.57
Figure 6 – Summary of test procedure .59
Table 1 – Minimum creepage distances and clearances.23
Table 2 – Voltage and test duration for endurance test, first test sequence.37
Table 3 – Voltage and test duration for endurance test, second test sequence .39
– 6 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
APPAREILS AUXILIAIRES POUR LAMPES –
CONDENSATEURS DESTINÉS À ÊTRE UTILISÉS DANS LES CIRCUITS
DE LAMPES TUBULAIRES À FLUORESCENCE
ET AUTRES LAMPES À DÉCHARGE –
PRESCRIPTIONS GÉNÉRALES ET DE SÉCURITÉ
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation
composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a
pour objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les
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l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La présente Norme internationale a été établie par le sous-comité 34C: Appareils auxiliaires
pour lampes, du comité d'études 34 de la CEI: Lampes et équipements associés.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition, parue en 1991, ainsi que ses
amendements 1 (1995) et 2 (1999) et constitue une révision technique. Dans cette nouvelle
édition, la conformité de production est considérée comme normative et non plus simplement
informative, ce qui donne un degré de sécurité plus élevé aux condensateurs.
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
AUXILIARIES FOR LAMPS –
CAPACITORS FOR USE IN TUBULAR FLUORESCENT AND
OTHER DISCHARGE LAMP CIRCUITS –
GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
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Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This International Standard has been prepared by subcommittee 34C: Auxiliaries for lamps, of
IEC technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1991 and its amend-
ments 1 (1995) and 2 (1999). It constitutes a technical revision. In this new edition conformity
of production has been changed from “informative” to “normative”, thus providing a higher
degree of safety for capacitors.
– 8 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
34C/720/FDIS 34C/736/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2.
Dans la présente norme, les caractères d'imprimerie suivants sont employés:
– prescriptions proprement dites: caractères romains;
– modalités d'essais: caractères italiques;
– notes: petits caractères romains.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous «http://webstore.iec.ch» dans les
données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite;
• supprimée;
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 9 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
34C/720/FDIS 34C/736/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
In this standard, the following print types are used:
– requirements proper: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in smaller roman type.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 10 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
INTRODUCTION
La présente Norme internationale couvre les exigences générales et de sécurité applicables à
certains condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans les circuits pour lampes tubulaires
fluorescentes et autres lampes à décharge.
Les exigences de performances pour ces condensateurs font l'objet de la CEI 61049.
NOTE Les exigences de sécurité permettent de s’assurer qu'un équipement électrique ayant été construit en
conformité avec ces exigences ne met pas en danger la sécurité des personnes, des animaux domestiques ou des
biens quand il est correctement installé et entretenu, et utilisé dans les applications auxquelles il est destiné.
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 11 –
INTRODUCTION
This International Standard covers general and safety requirements for certain capacitors for
use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits.
Performance requirements for these capacitors are the subject of IEC 61049.
NOTE Safety requirements ensure that electrical equipment constructed in accordance with these requirements,
does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property when properly installed and maintained and
used in applications for which it was intended.
– 12 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
APPAREILS AUXILIAIRES POUR LAMPES –
CONDENSATEURS DESTINÉS À ÊTRE UTILISÉS DANS LES CIRCUITS
DE LAMPES TUBULAIRES À FLUORESCENCE
ET AUTRES LAMPES À DÉCHARGE –
EXIGENCES GÉNÉRALES ET DE SÉCURITÉ
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale énonce les exigences pour les condensateurs auto-
régénérateurs et non autorégénérateurs pour usage permanent en courant alternatif, d'une
puissance inférieure ou égale à 2,5 kVAr, de capacité supérieure à 0,1 μF et dont la tension
assignée n'excède pas 1 000 V, qui sont destinés à être utilisés dans les circuits de lampes à
décharge fonctionnant à 50 Hz ou 60 Hz à des altitudes jusqu'à 3 000 m.
NOTE Ces lampes et les ballasts associés sont couverts, respectivement, par la CEI 60081, la CEI 60901, la
CEI 60188, la CEI 60192, la CEI 60662 la CEI 61167 et par la CEI 61347-2-8 et la CEI 61347-2-9.
Elle couvre les condensateurs prévus pour le branchement shunt ou en série avec le circuit
de lampe ou une combinaison fonctionnelle des deux.
Elle couvre seulement les condensateurs imprégnés ou non imprégnés, ayant un diélectrique
en papier, en film plastique ou une combinaison des deux, soit métallisés, soit pourvus
d’électrodes en feuilles métalliques.
Cette norme ne couvre pas les condensateurs d'antiparasitage, dont les exigences se
trouvent dans la CEI 60384-14.
Les essais figurant dans cette norme sont des essais de type. Les exigences pour l'essai
individuel des condensateurs en cours de production ne sont pas incluses.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent
document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références
non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
CEI 60269: (toutes les parties), Fusibles basse tension
CEI 60529:1989, Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)
CEI 60598-1, Luminaires – Partie 1: Prescriptions générales et essais
CEI 60695-2-11, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 2-11: Essais au fil incandescent/
chauffant – Méthode d’essai d’inflammabilité pour produits finis
CEI 60695-11-5, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 11-5: Flammes d'essai – Méthode
d'essai au brûleur-aiguille – Appareillage, dispositif d'essai de vérification et lignes directrices
CEI 61049:1991, Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans les circuits de lampes
tubulaires à fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge – Prescriptions de performance
ISO 4046-4:2002, Papier, carton, pâtes et termes connexes – Vocabulaire – Partie
4 :Catégories et produits transformés de papier et de carton
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 13 –
AUXILIARIES FOR LAMPS –
CAPACITORS FOR USE IN TUBULAR FLUORESCENT AND
OTHER DISCHARGE LAMP CIRCUITS –
GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1 Scope
This International Standard states the requirements for both self-healing and non-self-healing
continuously rated a.c. capacitors of up to and including 2,5 kVAr, and not less than 0,1 μF,
having a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V, which are intended for use in discharge lamp
circuits operating at 50 Hz or 60 Hz and at altitudes up to 3 000 m.
NOTE These lamps and associated ballasts are covered by IEC 60081, IEC 60901, IEC 60188, IEC 60192,
IEC 60662, and IEC 61167 and by IEC 61347-2-8 and IEC 61347-2-9, respectively.
It covers capacitors intended for connection in shunt or in series with the lamp circuit or an
effective combination of these.
It covers only impregnated or unimpregnated capacitors, having a dielectric of paper, plastic
film or a combination of both, either metallized or with metal foil electrodes.
This standard does not cover radio-interference suppressor capacitors the requirements for
which are found in IEC 60384-14.
Tests given in this standard are type tests. Requirements for testing individual capacitors
during production are not included.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60269 (all parts), Low-voltage fuses
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60598-1, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-11, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products
IEC 60695-11-5, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-5:Test flames – Needle flame method –
Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement and guidance
IEC 61049:1991, Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits –
Performance requirements
ISO 4046-4:2002, Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Paper and board
grades and converted products
– 14 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les définitions suivantes s'appliquent.
3.1
tension nominale
U
n
valeur efficace de la tension sinusoïdale, marquée sur le condensateur
3.2
température maximale assignée
t
c
température, en degrés Celsius, qui ne doit pas être dépassée par la partie la plus chaude de
la surface du condensateur pendant le fonctionnement en service
NOTE Les pertes internes dans un condensateur, quoique faibles, ont pour effet que la température de surface
est plus élevée que la température de l'air ambiant et il y a lieu d'en tenir dûment compte.
3.3
température minimale assignée
température, en degrés Celsius, de n'importe quelle partie de la surface du condensateur, en
dessous de laquelle le condensateur ne doit pas être chargé
3.4
résistance de décharge
résistance branchée aux bornes du condensateur pour réduire le risque de choc électrique
par les charges accumulées dans le condensateur
3.5
tangente de l'angle de perte
tan δ
pertes de puissance du condensateur divisées par la puissance réactive du condensateur à
une tension sinusoïdale de fréquence assignée
3.6
autorégénération
processus par lequel les propriétés électriques du condensateur, après une perforation
localisée du diélectrique, sont rapidement et essentiellement restaurées aux valeurs
précédant la perforation
3.7
essai de type
essai ou série d'essais effectués sur un échantillon pour essai de type afin de vérifier la
conformité de la conception d'un produit donné avec les exigences de spécifications
concernées
3.8
échantillon pour essai de type
échantillon constitué d'une ou de plusieurs unités semblables, soumis par le fabricant ou par
le vendeur responsable pour effectuer un essai de type
3.9
condensateur de type A
condensateur autorégénérateur pour montage en parallèle n’incluant pas nécessairement un
dispositif d’interruption
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 15 –
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.
3.1
rated voltage
U
n
r.m.s. value of the sinusoidal voltage, marked on the capacitor
3.2
rated maximum temperature
t
c
temperature, in degrees Celsius, which must not be exceeded by the hottest part of the
capacitor surface during operation
NOTE The internal losses in a capacitor, though small, result in the surface temperature being above ambient air
temperature and due allowance for this should be made.
3.3
rated minimum temperature
temperature, in degrees Celsius, of any part of the surface of the capacitor below which the
capacitor must not be energized
3.4
discharge resistor
resistor connected across the terminals of a capacitor to reduce shock hazard from the
charge stored in the capacitor
3.5
tangent of loss angle
tan δ
power loss of the capacitor divided by the reactive power of the capacitor at a sinusoidal
voltage of rated frequency
3.6
self-healing
process by which the electrical properties of the capacitor, after a local breakdown of the
dielectric, are rapidly and essentially restored to the values before the breakdown
3.7
type test
test or series of tests, made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant specification
3.8
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or the
responsible vendor for the purpose of a type test
3.9
capacitor of type A
self-healing parallel capacitor not necessarily including an interrupting device
– 16 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
3.10
condensateur de type B
condensateur autorégénérateur utilisé dans les circuits d’éclairage à montage en série
ou condensateur autorégénérateur pour montage en parallèle, contenant un dispositif
d’interruption
4 Exigences générales
Les condensateurs doivent être conçus de telle façon qu'en usage normal ils fonctionnent
d'une manière sûre et ne mettent pas en danger les personnes ou l'environnement.
Toutes les parties métalliques exposées doivent être constituées de matériaux non ferreux ou
être protégées contre la rouille. Une rouille visible ne doit pas se produire. L'essai de
l'Article 15 montrera si le condensateur est suffisamment protégé contre la rouille.
Les essais pour vérifier la robustesse mécanique sont à l'étude.
La conformité aux exigences des Articles 4 à 11 est vérifiée par mesure, par examen, et en
effectuant tous les essais spécifiés dans cette norme.
NOTE Au Japon, un condensateur additionnel est autorisé; les détails se trouvent dans la Norme JIS C 4908.
L’introduction dans cette norme des exigences sur ces condensateurs est à l’étude.
5 Généralités sur les essais
Les essais selon cette norme sont des essais de type, (sauf Annexe C).
NOTE Les exigences et les tolérances autorisées par cette norme sont fondées sur l'essai d'un échantillon pour
essai de type. La conformité de l'échantillon pour essai de type n'assure pas la conformité de la totalité de la
production d'un fabricant à cette norme de sécurité. La conformité de la production est sous la responsabilité du
fabricant et inclut des essais individuels de série et une assurance qualité, en plus de l'essai de type.
Les condensateurs doivent être soumis aux essais détaillés à l'Article 12.
Sauf spécifications contraires, les essais doivent être effectués à une température de (20 ± 5) °C,
en employant, le cas échéant, une source de tension comme détaillé à l'Annexe A.
Les températures d'essai spécifiées dans des articles particuliers sont données avec une
tolérance de ±2 °C, sauf spécifications contraires.
A moins qu'il n'en soit spécifié autrement, le type doit être considéré comme étant conforme à
un article ou paragraphe s’il ne se produit pas plus d'un défaut pendant l'essai selon cet
article ou paragraphe. Si trois défauts ou plus se produisent, le type doit être rejeté. Si deux
défauts se produisent dans un essai quelconque, cet essai, ainsi que tout essai précédent
susceptible d’avoir influencé les résultats de l'essai, doit être répété sur la même quantité de
condensateurs; si d'autres défauts se produisent, le type doit être rejeté.
NOTE Un essai renouvelé ne peut être autorisé qu'une fois dans une série d'essai selon les exigences de cette
norme. Un essai renouvelé n'est pas autorisé dans l'essai de destruction Article 18, en cas de défaut majeur.
Pour une gamme de condensateurs de construction identique, de même tension assignée et
de même forme de section transversale, chaque groupe de condensateurs dont il est question
à l'Article 12 doit contenir un nombre égal ou un nombre aussi approchant que possible de
condensateurs de la plus forte capacité et de condensateurs de la plus faible capacité de
cette gamme.
61048 ¤ IEC:2006 – 17 –
3.10
capacitor of type B
self-healing capacitor used in series lighting circuits or a self-healing parallel capacitor,
containing an interrupter device
4 General requirements
Capacitors shall be so designed that in normal use they function safely and cause no danger
to persons or surroundings.
All exposed metal parts shall be constructed of non-ferrous material or shall be protected
against rusting. Visible rust shall not occur. The test of Clause 15 will show whether the
capacitor is sufficiently protected against rust.
Tests for checking the mechanical robustness are under consideration.
Compliance with the requirements of Clauses 4 to 11 is checked by measurement, inspection
and by carrying out all the tests specified in this standard.
NOTE In Japan an additional capacitor type is permitted, details of which are to be found in JIS C 4908. Inclusion
of the requirements for these capacitors in this standard is under consideration.
5 General notes on tests
Tests according to this standard are type tests, (Annex C excluded).
NOTE The requirements and tolerances permitted by this standard are related to testing of a type test sample
submitted for that purpose. Compliance of the type test sample does not ensure compliance of the whole
production of a manufacturer with this safety standard. Conformity of production is the responsibility of the
manufacturer and includes routine tests and quality assurance in addition to type testing.
Capacitors shall be subjected to the tests detailed in Clause 12.
Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C, using
where appropriate a voltage source as detailed in Annex A.
Test temperatures specified in particular clauses shall be subject to a tolerance of ±2 °C,
unless otherwise stated.
Unless otherwise specified, the type shall be deemed to comply with any one clause or
subclause if not more than one failure occurs in the test of that clause or subclause. If three
or more failures occur, the type shall be rejected. If two failures occur in any one test, that
test, and any preceding tests which may have influenced the test results, shall be repeated on
the same quantity of capacitors and if any further failures occur, the type shall be rejected.
NOTE A repeat test may be permitted only once in a series of tests according to the requirements of this
standard. A repeat test is not permitted in the destruction test, Clause 18, in the case of a catastrophic failure.
For a range of capacitors of the same construction, rated voltage and cross-sectional shape,
each group referred to in Clause 12 shall contain as nearly as possible equal numbers of
capacitors of the highest capacitance and the lowest capacitance in that range.
– 18 – 61048 ¤ CEI:2006
De plus, le fabricant doit fournir des données sur le rapport de capacité par aire de surface
extérieure totale du boîtier, pour chaque valeur de capacité dans la gamme. Le condensateur
qui a la capacité maximale par unité de surface doit être soumis à un essai si ce rapport dépasse,
de 10 % ou plus, celui du condensateur de la gamme qui a la valeur maximale. De la même
manière, le condensateur qu
...
IEC 61048 ®
Edition 2.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Auxiliaries for lamps – Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other
discharge lamp circuits – General and safety requirements
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes – Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans
les circuits de lampes tubulaires à fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge –
Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
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IEC 61048 ®
Edition 2.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Auxiliaries for lamps – Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other
discharge lamp circuits – General and safety requirements
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes – Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans
les circuits de lampes tubulaires à fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge –
Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.140.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-2786-2
IEC 61048 ®
Edition 2.1 2015-07
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Auxiliaries for lamps – Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other
discharge lamp circuits – General and safety requirements
Appareils auxiliaires pour lampes – Condensateurs destinés à être utilisés dans
les circuits de lampes tubulaires à fluorescence et autres lampes à décharge –
Prescriptions générales et de sécurité
– 2 – IEC 61048:2006
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 General requirements . 9
5 General notes on tests . 9
6 Marking . 10
6.1 Required marking . 10
6.2 Additional information . 10
6.3 Durability and legibility of marking . 10
7 Terminations . 10
8 Creepage distances and clearances . 11
9 Voltage rating . 12
10 Fuses . 12
11 Discharge resistors . 13
12 Testing sequence . 13
13 Sealing and heating test . 13
13.1 Sealing and heating test for type A capacitors . 13
13.2 Sealing and heating test for type B capacitors . 14
14 High-voltage test . 14
14.1 High-voltage test between terminals . 14
14.2 High-voltage test between terminals and case . 14
15 Resistance to adverse operating conditions . 15
15.1 Humidity test with voltage applied . 15
15.2 Current (discharge) test . 16
16 Resistance to heat, fire and tracking . 16
17 Self-healing test . 17
18 Destruction test . 18
18.1 Test A . 18
18.2 Test B . 21
18.3 Non-self-healing capacitors . 23
Annex A (normative) Test voltage . 29
Annex B (normative) Temperature adjustment of test enclosure . 30
Annex C (normative) Test for conformity of manufacture . 31
Annex D (informative) Guide to calculating equipment settings for tests in subclauses
15.2 and 18.1.3 . 32
Annex E (normative) Additional requirements for built-in capacitors having an
insulation equivalent to double or reinforced insulation . 34
Annex F (informative) Information for luminaire design . 37
Bibliography . 38
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
Figure 1 – AC conditioning circuit . 24
Figure 2 – DC conditioning circuit . 24
Figure 3 – Self-healing breakdown test equipment . 25
Figure 4 – Voltage and current waveform for the tests in 15.2 and 18.1.3 . 26
Figure 5 – Typical test circuit for the tests in 15.2 and 18.1.3 . 27
Figure 6 – Summary of test procedure . 28
Table 1 – Minimum creepage distances and clearances . 12
Table 2 – Voltage and test duration for endurance test, first test sequence . 18
Table 3 – Voltage and test duration for endurance test, second test sequence . 19
– 4 – IEC 61048:2006
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
AUXILIARIES FOR LAMPS –
CAPACITORS FOR USE IN TUBULAR FLUORESCENT AND
OTHER DISCHARGE LAMP CIRCUITS –
GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 61048 edition 2.1 contains the second edition (2006-03) [documents 34C/720/FDIS and
34C/736/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2015-07) [documents 34C/1155/FDIS and 34C/1160/RVD].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content is
modified by amendment 1. Additions and deletions are displayed in red, with deletions being
struck through. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
This International Standard has been prepared by subcommittee 34C: Auxiliaries for lamps, of
IEC technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
In this standard, the following print types are used:
– requirements proper: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in smaller roman type.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 6 – IEC 61048:2006
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
INTRODUCTION
This International Standard covers general and safety requirements for certain capacitors for
use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits.
Performance requirements for these capacitors are the subject of IEC 61049.
NOTE Safety requirements ensure that electrical equipment constructed in accordance with these requirements,
does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property when properly installed and maintained and
used in applications for which it was intended.
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
AUXILIARIES FOR LAMPS –
CAPACITORS FOR USE IN TUBULAR FLUORESCENT AND
OTHER DISCHARGE LAMP CIRCUITS –
GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1 Scope
This International Standard states the requirements for both self-healing and non-self-healing
continuously rated a.c. capacitors of up to and including 2,5 kVAr, and not less than 0,1 µF,
having a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V, which are intended for use in discharge lamp
circuits operating at 50 Hz or 60 Hz and at altitudes up to 3 000 m.
NOTE These lamps and associated ballasts are covered by IEC 60081, IEC 60901, IEC 60188, IEC 60192,
IEC 60662, and IEC 61167 and by IEC 61347-2-8 and IEC 61347-2-9, respectively.
It covers capacitors intended for connection in shunt or in series with the lamp circuit or an
effective combination of these.
It covers only impregnated or unimpregnated capacitors, having a dielectric of paper, plastic
film or a combination of both, either metallized or with metal foil electrodes.
This standard does not cover radio-interference suppressor capacitors the requirements for
which are found in IEC 60384-14.
Tests given in this standard are type tests. Requirements for testing individual capacitors
during production are not included.
Particular requirements for built-in capacitors having an insulation equivalent to double or
reinforced insulation are given in Annex E.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60269 (all parts), Low-voltage fuses
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60598-1, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-11, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products
IEC 60695-11-5, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-5:Test flames – Needle flame method –
Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement and guidance
IEC 61049:1991, Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits –
Performance requirements
ISO 4046-4:2002, Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Paper and board
grades and converted products
– 8 – IEC 61048:2006
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.
3.1
rated voltage
U
n
r.m.s. value of the sinusoidal voltage, marked on the capacitor
3.2
rated maximum temperature
t
c
temperature, in degrees Celsius, which must not be exceeded by the hottest part of the
capacitor surface during operation
NOTE The internal losses in a capacitor, though small, result in the surface temperature being above ambient air
temperature and due allowance for this should be made.
3.3
rated minimum temperature
temperature, in degrees Celsius, of any part of the surface of the capacitor below which the
capacitor must not be energized
3.4
discharge resistor
resistor connected across the terminals of a capacitor to reduce shock hazard from the
charge stored in the capacitor
3.5
tangent of loss angle
tan d
power loss of the capacitor divided by the reactive power of the capacitor at a sinusoidal
voltage of rated frequency
3.6
self-healing
process by which the electrical properties of the capacitor, after a local breakdown of the
dielectric, are rapidly and essentially restored to the values before the breakdown
3.7
type test
test or series of tests, made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant specification
3.8
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or the
responsible vendor for the purpose of a type test
3.9
capacitor of type A
self-healing parallel capacitor not necessarily including an interrupting device
3.10
capacitor of type B
self-healing capacitor used in series lighting circuits or a self-healing parallel capacitor,
containing an interrupter device
+AMD1:2015 CSV IEC 2015
4 General requirements
Capacitors shall be so designed that in normal use they function safely and cause no danger
to persons or surroundings.
All exposed metal parts shall be constructed of non-ferrous material or shall be protected
against rusting. Visible rust shall not occur. The test of Clause 15 will show whether the
capacitor is sufficiently protected against rust.
Tests for checking the mechanical robustness are under consideration.
Compliance with the requirements of Clauses 4 to 11 is checked by measurement, inspection
and by carrying out all the tests specified in this standard.
NOTE In Japan an additional capacitor type is permitted, details of which are to be found in JIS C 4908. Inclusion
of the requirements for these capacitors in this standard is under consideration.
5 General notes on tests
Tests according to this standard are type tests, (Annex C excluded).
NOTE The requirements and tolerances permitted by this standard are related to testing of a type test sample
submitted for that purpose. Compliance of the type test sample does not ensure compliance of the whole
production of a manufacturer with this safety standard. Conformity of production is the responsibility of the
manufacturer and includes routine tests and quality assurance in addition to type testing.
Capacitors shall be subjected to the tests detailed in Clause 12.
Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C, using
where appropriate a voltage source as detailed in Annex A.
Test temperatures specified in particular clauses shall be subject to a tolerance of ±2 °C,
unless otherwise stated.
Unless otherwise specified, the type shall be deemed to comply with any one clause or
subclause if not more than one failure occurs in the test of that clause or subclause. If three
or more failures occur, the type shall be rejected. If two failures occur in any one test, that
test, and any preceding tests which may have influenced the test results, shall be repeated on
the same quantity of capacitors and if any further failures occur, the type shall be rejected.
NOTE A repeat test may be permitted only once in a series of tests according to the requirements of this
standard. A repeat test is not permitted in the destruction test, Clause 18, in the case of a catastrophic failure.
For a range of capacitors of the same construction, rated voltage and cross-sectional shape,
each group referred to in Clause 12 shall contain as nearly as possible equal numbers of
capacitors of the highest capacitance and the lowest capacitance in that range.
Moreover, the manufacturer shall provide data on the ratio of capacitance per area outer total
surface of the container of each capacitance value in the range. The capacitor with the
maximum capacitance per unit surface area shall also be tested if this ratio exceeds that of
the maximum capacitance value in the range by 10 % or greater. Similarly, the capacitor with
the minimum capacitance per unit area shall also be tested if the ratio is less than that of the
minimum capacitance value in the range by 10 % or greater.
"Area" denotes total outer surface area of capacitor enclosure ignoring small protrusions,
terminals and fixing studs.
With this procedure the tests qualify all intermediate values of capacitance in the range.
– 10 – IEC 61048:2006
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NOTE 1 The "same construction" is that which is declared by the manufacturer to be the same dielectric material,
the same dielectric thickness, the same type of case (metal or plastic), the same generic family of filler
or impregnating liquid, the same type of safety device and the same type of metallization (e.g. zinc or aluminium).
NOTE 2 "Cross-sectional shape" means: round, rectangular, oval, etc.
6 Marking
6.1 Required marking
Capacitors shall be legibly marked as follows:
a) name or trade mark of the manufacturer or responsible vendor;
b) manufacturer's catalogue number and/or model reference;
c) rated capacitance and tolerance;
d) rated voltage;
e) when a discharge resistor is fitted, the symbol ;
f) when a current fuse is fitted, the symbol ;
g) rated frequency or frequency range;
h) rated minimum and maximum temperatures, for example –10 °C/70 °C;
i) if the capacitor is self-healing, the symbol ;
j) if a non-self-healing capacitor is exclusively intended for series operation
the symbol ;
This symbol shall not appear on capacitors bearing the self-healing symbol.
NOTE This type of capacitor is not intended to be connected across the mains supply.
k) type A or B as applicable.
6.2 Additional information
a) Declaration of value of discharge resistor, if fitted.
b) Declaration whether the capacitor does not contain substances which are liquid at
(t + 10) °C.
c
6.3 Durability and legibility of marking
Marking shall be durable and legible.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by trying to remove the marking by rubbing lightly,
for 15 s each, with one piece of cloth soaked with water and another with petroleum spirit.
The marking shall be legible after the test.
NOTE The petroleum spirit used should consist of a solvent hexane with a content of aromatics of maximum
0,1 volume percentage, a kauri-butanol value of 29, an initial boiling point of approximately 65 °C, a dry-point of
approximately 69 °C and a density of approximately 0,68 g/cm³.
7 Terminations
7.1 Terminations shall be provided by means of either cables (tails) or terminals (screw,
screwless, solder tag or the like). Terminations shall be capable of accepting the size and
number of conductors appropriate to the rating and application of the capacitor. Cables (tails)
shall be suitable for the rating of the capacitor, but in no case shall they be smaller than
0,5 mm² and their insulation shall be appropriate to the capacitor rated voltage and
temperatures.
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Screw terminals shall comply with section 14 of IEC 60598-1.
Screwless terminals shall comply with section 15 of IEC 60598-1.
7.2 The capacitor case, if of metal, shall either be fitted with an earthing terminal or be
capable of being earthed (or connected to other metal parts, if any, of the luminaire) by
clamping or by an appropriate fixing bracket. The part of the case to which such a clamp is
fitted or the fixing bracket attached shall be free from paint or other non-conducting covering
in order to ensure the maintenance of good electrical contact.
Compliance is checked by inspection and the following test:
A current of at least 10 A, derived from a source with a no-load voltage not exceeding 12 V,
shall be passed between the earthing terminal or earthing contact and each of the accessible
metal parts in turn. The voltage drop between the case and the clamping means or fixing
bracket shall be measured and the resistance calculated from the current and the voltage
drop.
In no case shall the resistance exceed 0,5 Ω.
The requirements of the previous paragraph do not apply to metal-cased capacitors
completely covered in an insulating material, because these are tested according to 14.2.
8 Creepage distances and clearances
The creepage distances over external surfaces of terminal insulation and the clearances
between the exterior parts of terminal connections or between such live parts and the metal
case of the capacitor, if any, shall be not less than the minimum values given in Table 1.
These minimum distances shall apply to the terminals with or without the external wiring
connected.
They are not intended to apply to internal distances and clearances.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
– 12 – IEC 61048:2006
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Table 1 – Minimum creepage distances and clearances
Up to and Above 24 V Above 250 V Above 500 V
including 24 V up to and up to and up to and
Rated voltage
including 250 V including 500 V including 1 000 V
mm mm mm mm
Creepage distance
a
1) between live parts of different 2 3 (2) 5 6
polarity
a
2) between live parts and accessible 2 4 (2) 6 7
b b
metal parts which are permanently 3 3
fixed to the capacitor, including
screws of devices for fixing covers
or fixing the capacitor to its support
Clearances
a
3) between live parts of different 2 3 (2) 5 6
polarity
a
4) between live parts and accessible 2 4 (2) 6 7
b b
metal parts which are permanently 3 3
fixed to the capacitor, including
screws or devices for fixing covers
or fixing the capacitors to its support
5) between live parts and a flat
supporting surface or a loose metal 2 6 10 12
cover, if any, if the construction does
not ensure that the values of Item 4)
above are maintained under the most
unfavourable conditions
a
The values in brackets apply to creepage distances and clearances protected against pollution.
For permanently sealed-off or compound-filled enclosures, creepage distances and clearances are not checked.
b
For glass or other insulation with equivalent tracking qualities.
The contribution to the creepage distances of any groove less than 1 mm wide shall be limited
to its width.
Any air-gap of less than 1 mm shall be ignored in computing the total air path.
Creepage distances are distances in air, measured along the surface of insulating material.
9 Voltage rating
Capacitors shall be capable of withstanding for prolonged periods a voltage not exceeding
110 % of their rated voltage within the temperature ratings.
Compliance is checked by the test given in Clause 14.
NOTE This requirement is intended to cover variations in voltage due to supply fluctuations.
10 Fuses
Where an internal current fuse is fitted, it shall be adequately protected, enclosed and
insulated so as to prevent flashover to, or contact with, a metal container in normal service in
the event of the operation of the fuse.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the tests given in 14.2 and 16.
NOTE In establishing the design of any internal fuse, the possibility of short circuits occurring external to the
capacitor should be taken into account.
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11 Discharge resistors
Capacitors may have a discharge resistor permanently connected across their terminals. If
fitted, this discharge resistor shall have a value such that it will discharge the capacitor from
the peak of the a.c. voltage applied to it, to a voltage not exceeding 50 V, within 1 min.
Allowance shall be made for a voltage which is 10 % above its rated value.
The manufacturer shall declare the resistor value and tolerance.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
NOTE 1 Within the overall lamp circuit, it is essential that a discharge path be provided for any capacitor. It is
recommended that this should be by means of a resistor integral with the capacitor, but other arrangements are
possible.
NOTE 2 In certain cases, for example luminaires connected by plugs, a discharge to 50 V within 1 min may not be
acceptable, see subclause 8.2.7 of IEC 60598-1.
12 Testing sequence
A total of 50 self-healing capacitors or 20 non-self-healing capacitors are taken and divided
into groups as indicated below.
NOTE For capacitors above 1 kVAr, the quantities for testing can be agreed between manufacturer and testing
authority.
The following initial tests are applied to all the capacitors in the order given:
a) sealing and heating test, if required, in accordance with Clause 13;
b) high-voltage test between terminals in accordance with 14.1;
c) high-voltage test between terminals and container in accordance with 14.2.
The first group of 10 capacitors is subjected to a series of tests that are designed to check the
ability of the capacitor design to withstand adverse operating conditions. Details of these tests
are described in Clause 15. In addition, tests to check resistance to heat and fire are carried
out in accordance with Clause 16.
The second group of 40 self-healing capacitors shall provide the samples for the tests of
Clauses 17 and 18. Ten capacitors are submitted to the self-healing test and no subsequent
testing. The remainder are used for the destruction test.
13 Sealing and heating test
13.1 Sealing and heating test for type A capacitors
Capacitors containing substances which are liquid at (t + 10) °C shall be adequately sealed
c
and have adequate resistance to heating.
Compliance is checked by the following test.
The unenergized capacitors are placed in an oven in the position most conductive to the
leakage of impregnant or filling material and heated throughout to 10 °C above their rated
maximum temperature (t ). They are maintained at this temperature for 1 h.
c
Leakage of impregnant or filling material shall not occur during this test. The capacitor shall
not become open-circuited during this test.
NOTE This test does not apply to any capacitor where the manufacturer declares that the capacitor does not
contain substances which are liquid at (t + 10) °C.
c
– 14 – IEC 61048:2006
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13.2 Sealing and heating test for type B capacitors
The sealing of the capacitors is a requirement for the safety device with overpressure. This
test shall be carried out as a random test and a type-test.
Capacitors whose fillers have a dropping point above t and capacitors without fillers shall be
c
tested as follows:
After the capacitors have been degreased they shall be placed in a vessel which can be
hermetically sealed and which is filled with liquid up to such a level that the liquid surface is at
least 10 mm above the test-piece.
The liquid is, for example, degassed water at 20 °C. The liquid shall be at room temperature.
After the vessel has been closed it shall be evacuated within 1 min to 160 mbar and this
vacuum shall be maintained for at least 1 min. The test specimens are observed through a
window in the test vessel. Leakage points in the capacitor container are indicated by rising air
bubbles.
In this test it shall be noted that some designs have hollows outside the seal of the capacitor.
Air bubbles which rise from these outer cavities at the start of the test shall not be taken into
account. If necessary, the test shall be lengthened for these capacitors.
During the test no bubbles shall be visible.
14 High-voltage test
Capacitors shall withstand high voltages.
Compliance is checked by the tests of 14.1 and 14.2.
14.1 High-voltage test between terminals
Non-self-healing capacitors shall withstand, at room temperature, an a.c. test voltage of
2,15 U applied between terminals for a period of 60 s.
n
Self-healing capacitors shall withstand, at room temperature, an a.c. test voltage of 2 U
n
applied between terminals for a period of 60 s.
In Japan and North America, self-healing capacitors shall withstand, at room temperature, an
a.c. test voltage of 1,75 U applied between terminals for a period of 10 s.
n
For self-healing capacitors, self-healing breakdowns (clearings) are allowed during the test.
Initially, not more than half the test voltage is applied, following which it shall be raised
gradually to the full value.
14.2 High-voltage test between terminals and case
Each capacitor shall withstand at 50 Hz or 60 Hz, as appropriate, the following a.c. test
voltage for a period of 1 min.
Capacitor rated voltage Test voltage
Up to and including 250 V 2 000 V r.m.s.
Greater than 250 V 2 500 V r.m.s.
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Initially not more than half the test voltage is applied, following which it is raised gradually to
the full value.
For capacitors having cases of insulating material, the test voltage is applied between the
terminals and a metal foil in close contact with the surface of the case, with a clearance of not
less than 4 mm between metal foil and terminals.
15 Resistance to adverse operating conditions
The capacitor shall have adequate resistance to adverse operating conditions.
Compliance is checked by the tests of 15.1 and 15.2.
Capacitors are required to meet a humidity test with voltage applied, followed by a current
(discharge) test. This is to demonstrate reliability of operation under damp conditions and on
"dirty" mains supplies that can subject the capacitor to current surges due to non-sinusoidal
wave forms.
If the capacitor design has a self-contained fuse element internally fitted, the fuse element
may be short-circuited for the purpose of the tests described in 15.1 and 15.2. The
manufacturer shall clearly specify which samples have been prepared in this way. Capacitor
designs which have fuse wire directly connected to the capacitor winding shall not be modified
for these tests.
Ten capacitors are subjected to the test described in 15.1, followed by the test described
in 15.2.
15.1 Humidity test with voltage applied
Ten capacitors shall be measured for capacitance and tangent of loss angle at a frequency
of 1 kHz.
For the purpose of this test, leads or terminals shall not exceed 30 mm in length.
The test cabinet shall be capable of maintaining the temperature at (40 ± 2)°C, and the
relative humidity between 90 % and 95 % in the region where the capacitors are placed. The
air in the cabinet shall be circulated and the cabinet shall be so designed that mist or water
droplets cannot fall on the capacitors.
The test samples are placed in the humidity cabinet and connected to an a.c. supply. A
voltage of U shall be applied to all the samples after the humidity conditions have been
n
reached.
The voltage and humidity is maintained for a period of 240 h.
At the end of the test period the capacitors shall be permitted to recover at room temperature
for a period of 1 h to 2 h, after which the following conditions of compliance are checked:
– change of capacitance shall be less than 1 %;
– tangent of loss angle change shall be less than 50 % when measured at 1 kHz;
– no failures are permitted.
– 16 – IEC 61048:2006
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15.2 Current (discharge) test
The same 10 capacitors that have completed the test of 15.1 shall be individually subjected to
a current test at room temperature. The test shall be maintained for 15 min at the following
conditions using an appropriate discharge circuit.
Capacitance Peak current
30 A/µF (30 V/µs) ± 10 %
≤10 µF
25 A/µF (25 V/µs) ± 10 %
>10 µF, ≤25 µF
>25 µF 20 A/µF (20 V/µs) ± 10 %
– During the test, the RMS current should be 1,5 A/µF or 16 A, whichever is the less, and the
peak -to-peak voltage 600V ± 10 %.
The relevant voltage and current waveform are given in Figure 4.
A typical circuit for creating the required test conditions is given in Figure 5.
Alternative circuit arrangements may be used, provided that the required waveforms are
produced.
A guide for calculating equipment settings for tests is given in Annex D.
Conditions of compliance are checked using the final measurement after the test of 15.1 as
the initial measurement for the test of 15.2.
At room temperature the samples shall meet the following requirements:
– change of capacitance shall be less than 1 %;
– tangent of loss angle change shall be less than 50 % when measured at 1 kHz;
– no failures are permitted.
In addition, all capacitors are required to meet a high-voltage test between terminals and case
as given in 14.2.
16 Resistance to heat, fire and tracking
16.1 External parts of insulating material retaining terminals in position, shall be sufficiently
resistant to heat.
For materials other than ceramic, compliance is checked by subjecting the parts to the ball-
pressure test in accordance with IEC 60598-1, Section 13.
16.2 External parts of insulating material retaining terminals in position and other parts of
insulating material providing protection against electric shock, shall be resistant to flame and
ignition.
For materials other than ceramic, compliance is checked by the tests of 16.2.1 or 16.2.2 as
appropriate.
16.2.1 External parts of insulating material providing protection against electric shock shall
be subjec
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