IEC 62747:2014
(Main)Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems
IEC 62747:2014 defines terms for the subject of self-commutated voltage-sourced converters used for transmission of power by high voltage direct current (HVDC). The standard is written mainly for the case of application of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) in voltage sourced converters (VSC) but may also be used for guidance in the event that other types of semiconductor devices which can both be turned on and turned off by control action are used. Line-commutated and current-sourced converters for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission systems are specifically excluded from this standard. The contents of the corrigendum of February 2015 have been included in this copy.
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
L'IEC 62747:2014 définit les termes relatifs aux convertisseurs de source de tension autocommutés utilisés pour le transport d'énergie en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT). La norme a été essentiellement élaborée pour l'application des transistors bipolaires à grille isolée (IGBT) des convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC), mais elle peut également être utilisée comme guide en cas d'utilisation d'autres dispositifs à semiconducteur pouvant être activés ou désactivés par une action de commande. Les convertisseurs commutés par le réseau et les convertisseurs à source de courant des systèmes de transport d'énergie en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT) sont exclus de la présente norme. Le contenu du corrigendum de février 2015 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
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IEC 62747 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des
systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
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IEC 62747 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des
systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX V
ICS 29.200; 29.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-1702-3
– 2 – IEC 62747:2014 IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references. 5
3 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
3.1 List of letter symbols . 5
3.2 List of subscripts . 6
3.3 List of abbreviations . 7
4 Graphical symbols . 8
5 General terms related to converter circuits . 9
6 VSC topologies . 10
7 Converter units and valves . 10
8 Converter operating conditions. 16
9 HVDC systems and substations . 20
10 HVDC substation equipment . 23
11 Modes of control . 26
12 Control systems . 27
Bibliography . . 30
Figure 1 – Converter symbol identifications . 7
Figure 2 – Graphical symbols . 8
Figure 3 – Voltage-sourced converter unit . 11
Figure 4 – Phase unit of the modular multi-level converter (MMC) in basic half-bridge,
two-level arrangement, with submodules . 13
Figure 5 – Phase unit of the cascaded two-level converter (CTL) in half-bridge form . 14
Figure 6 – Phasor diagram showing a.c. system voltage, converter a.c. voltage and
converter a.c. current . . 18
Figure 7 – Example of bipolar VSC transmission with earth return . 21
Figure 8 – VSC transmission with a symmetrical monopole illustrated with capacitive
earthing on the d.c. side . 22
Figure 9 – VSC transmission with an asymmetrical monopole with metallic return . 22
Figure 10 – VSC transmission with an asymmetrical monopole with earth return . 22
Figure 11 – Major components that may be found in a VSC substation . 25
Figure 12 – Hierarchical structure of an HVDC control system . 29
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TERMINOLOGY FOR VOLTAGE-SOURCED CONVERTERS (VSC)
FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT (HVDC) SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62747 has been prepared by subcommittee 22F: Power
electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems, of IEC technical committee 22:
Power electronic systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
22F/301/CDV 22F/317A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
– 4 – IEC 62747:2014 IEC 2014
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
...
IEC 62747 ®
Edition 1.1 2019-01
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des
systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
and withdrawn publications. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
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once a month by email. French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or CISPR.
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
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La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications IEC monde, avec plus de 22 000 articles terminologiques en
en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans
comité d’études,…). Elle donne aussi des informations sur les 16 langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire
projets et les publications remplacées ou retirées. Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
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Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues. et en français, extraites des articles Termes et Définitions des
Disponible en ligne et une fois par mois par email. publications IEC parues depuis 2002. Plus certaines entrées
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Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous:
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IEC 62747 ®
Edition 1.1 2019-01
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des
systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.200; 29.240.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-6484-3
IEC 62747 ®
Edition 1.1 2019-01
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct
current (HVDC) systems
Terminologie relative aux convertisseurs de source de tension (VSC) des
systèmes en courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)
– 2 – IEC 62747:2014+AMD1:2019 CSV
IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
3.1 List of letter symbols . 5
3.2 List of subscripts . 6
3.3 List of abbreviations . 8
4 Graphical symbols . 9
5 General terms related to converter circuits . 10
6 VSC topologies . 11
7 Converter units and valves . 12
8 Converter operating conditions . 18
9 HVDC systems and substations . 22
10 HVDC substation equipment . 25
11 Modes of control . 28
12 Control systems . 29
Bibliography . 32
Figure 1 – Converter symbol identifications . 8
Figure 2 – Graphical symbols . 10
Figure 3 – Voltage-sourced converter unit . 13
Figure 4 – Phase unit of the modular multi-level converter (MMC) in basic half-bridge,
two-level arrangement, with submodules . 15
Figure 5 – Phase unit of the cascaded two-level converter (CTL) in half-bridge form . 16
Figure 6 – Phasor diagram showing a.c. system voltage, converter a.c. voltage and
converter a.c. current . 20
Figure 7 – Example of bipolar VSC transmission with earth return . 23
Figure 8 – VSC transmission with a symmetrical monopole illustrated with capacitive
earthing on the d.c. side . 24
Figure 9 – VSC transmission with an asymmetrical monopole with metallic return . 24
Figure 10 – VSC transmission with an asymmetrical monopole with earth return . 24
Figure 11 – Major components that may be found in a VSC substation . 27
Figure 12 – Hierarchical structure of an HVDC control system . 31
IEC 2019
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TERMINOLOGY FOR VOLTAGE-SOURCED CONVERTERS (VSC)
FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT (HVDC) SYSTEMS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been
prepared for user convenience.
IEC 62747 edition 1.1 contains the first edition (2014-07) [documents 22F/301/CDV and
22F/317A/RVC] and its corrigendum 1 (2015-02), and its amendment 1 (2019-01)
[documents 22F/481/CDV and 22F/489/RVC].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
– 4 – IEC 62747:2014+AMD1:2019 CSV
IEC 2019
International Standard IEC 62747 has been prepared by subcommittee 22F: Power
electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems, of IEC technical committee 22:
Power electronic
...
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