IEC 60404-5:2015
(Main)Magnetic materials - Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials - Methods of measurement of magnetic properties
Magnetic materials - Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials - Methods of measurement of magnetic properties
IEC 60404-5:2015 is to define the method of measurement of the magnetic flux density, magnetic polarization and the magnetic field strength and also to determine the demagnetization curve and recoil line of permanent magnet materials. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- adaption of the measurement methods and test conditions to newly introduced magnetically hard materials with coercivity values HcJ higher than 2 MA/m;
- update of the temperature conditions to allow the measurement of new materials with high temperature coefficients.
Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 5: Aimants permanents (magnétiques durs) - Méthodes de mesure des propriétés magnétiques
L'IEC 60404-5:2015 a pour objectif de définir la méthode de mesure de l'induction magnétique, de la polarisation magnétique et l'intensité du champ magnétique, mais aussi de déterminer la courbe de désaimantation et la droite de recul des matériaux pour aimants permanents. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- adaptation des méthodes de mesure et des conditions d'essai aux matériaux magnétiquement durs récemment introduits possédant un champ coercitif HcJ supérieur à 2 MA/m;
- mise à jour des conditions de température, afin de permettre la mesure de nouveaux matériaux avec des coefficients de température élevés.
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IEC 60404-5 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-04
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
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inside
Magnetic materials –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials – Methods of
measurement of magnetic properties
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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IEC 60404-5 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-04
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Magnetic materials –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials – Methods of
measurement of magnetic properties
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 ISBN 978-2-8322-2643-8
– 2 – IEC 60404-5:2015 RLV IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 General .
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Electromagnet and conditions for magnetization . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Geometrical conditions . 8
4.3 Electromagnetic conditions . 9
5 Test specimen . 9
6 Determination of the magnetic flux density . 10
7 Determination of the magnetic polarization . 11
8 Measurement of the magnetic field strength. 11
9 Determination of the demagnetization curve . 12
9.1 General . 12
9.2 Principle of determination of the demagnetization curve, test specimen
magnetized in the electromagnet . 12
9.3 Principle of determination of the demagnetization curve, test specimen
magnetized in a superconducting coil or pulse magnetizer . 13
10 Determination of the principal characteristics . 14
10.1 Magnetic remanence Remanent flux density . 14
10.2 (BH) product . 14
max
10.3 Coercivities H and H . 14
cB cJ
10.4 Determination of the recoil line and the recoil permeability . 14
11 Reproducibility . 15
12 Test report . 15
Annex A (normative) Influence of the air-gap between the test specimen and the pole
pieces . 17
Annex B (informative) Influence of the ambient temperature on measurement results . 18
Bibliography . 19
Figure 1 – Demagnetization curve showing (BH) point . 7
max
Figure 2 – Schematic diagram of electromagnet. 8
Figure 3 – Measuring circuit (schematic) . 13
Figure 4 – Demagnetization curve and recoil loop . 15
Figure A.1 – Air-gap . 17
Table 1 – Reproducibility of the measurement of the magnetic characteristics of
permanent magnet materials . 15
Table A.1 – d/l ratios . 17
Table B.1 – Temperature coefficients of B and H of permanent magnet materials . 18
r cJ
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials –
Methods of measurement of magnetic properties
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes
made to the previous edition. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change
has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.
– 4 – IEC 60404-5:2015 RLV IEC 2015
International Standard IEC 60404-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68:
Magnetic alloys and steels.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1993 and
Amendment 1:2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
• adaption of the measurement methods and test conditions to newly introduced
magnetically hard materials with coercivity values H higher than 2 MA/m;
cJ
• update of the temperature conditions to allow the measurement of new materials with high
temperature coefficients.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
68/497/FDIS 68/505/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60404 series, published under the general title Magnetic materials,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
The previous edition of IEC 60404-5 was issued in October 1993 and amended in 2007. Since
then, new applications of NdFeB sintered magnetic materials with intrinsic coercivity, H ,
cJ
higher than 2 MA/m for hybrid electric vehicles and fully electric vehicles have appeared.
Thus, IEC TC68 decided in 2011 at their meeting in Ghent to revise IEC 60404-5.
For the measurement of the coercivity relating to polarization, H , at values higher than
cJ
2 MA/m and the measurement of magnetic properties at elevated temperatures, the methods
described in the non-normative Technical Reports IEC TR 61807 and IEC TR 62331 can be
considered.
The ambient temperature previously recom
...
IEC 60404-5 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Magnetic materials –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials – Methods of
measurement of magnetic properties
Matériaux magnétiques –
Partie 5: Aimants permanents (magnétiques durs) – Méthodes de mesure des
propriétés magnétiques
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and additional languages. Also known as the International
iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.
IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,
77, 86 and CISPR.
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IEC 60404-5 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Magnetic materials –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials – Methods of
measurement of magnetic properties
Matériaux magnétiques –
Partie 5: Aimants permanents (magnétiques durs) – Méthodes de mesure des
propriétés magnétiques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 ISBN 978-2-8322-2593-6
– 2 – IEC 60404-5:2015 IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Electromagnet and conditions for magnetization . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Geometrical conditions . 8
4.3 Electromagnetic conditions . 8
5 Test specimen . 9
6 Determination of the magnetic flux density . 10
7 Determination of the magnetic polarization . 10
8 Measurement of the magnetic field strength. 11
9 Determination of the demagnetization curve . 12
9.1 General . 12
9.2 Principle of determination of the demagnetization curve, test specimen
magnetized in the electromagnet . 12
9.3 Principle of determination of the demagnetization curve, test specimen
magnetized in a superconducting coil or pulse magnetizer . 13
10 Determination of the principal characteristics . 14
10.1 Remanent flux density . 14
10.2 (BH) product . 14
max
10.3 Coercivities H and H . 14
cB cJ
10.4 Determination of the recoil line and the recoil permeability . 14
11 Reproducibility . 15
12 Test report . 15
Annex A (normative) Influence of the air-gap between the test specimen and the pole
pieces . 17
Annex B (informative) Influence of the ambient temperature on measurement results . 18
Bibliography . 19
Figure 1 – Demagnetization curve showing (BH) point . 7
max
Figure 2 – Schematic diagram of electromagnet. 8
Figure 3 – Measuring circuit (schematic) . 13
Figure 4 – Demagnetization curve and recoil loop . 15
Figure A.1 – Air-gap . 17
Table 1 – Reproducibility of the measurement of the magnetic characteristics of
permanent magnet materials . 15
Table A.1 – d/l ratios . 17
Table B.1 – Temperature coefficients of B and H of permanent magnet materials . 18
r cJ
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 5: Permanent magnet (magnetically hard) materials –
Methods of measurement of magnetic properties
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent
...
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