IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023

Nanomanufacturing - Product specifications - Part 5-1: Nanoporous activated carbon - Blank detail specification: Electrochemical capacitors

IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, which is a Technical Specification, establishes a blank detail specification (BDS) for nanoporous activated carbon used for electrochemical capacitors.
Numeric values for the key control characteristics are left blank as they will be specified between customer and supplier in the detail specification (DS). In the DS key control characteristics can be added or removed if agreed between customer and supplier.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Jun-2023
• ICS: 07.120 - Nanotechnologies
• Technical Committee: TC 113 - Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems
• Drafting Committee: WG 11 - TC 113/WG 11
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 11-Jul-2023
• Completion Date: 07-Jun-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC TS 62565-5-1
®

Edition 1.0 2023-06
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION

colour
inside


Nanomanufacturing – Product specifications –
Part 5-1: Nanoporous activated carbon – Blank detail specification:
Electrochemical capacitors
IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023-06(en)

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IEC TS 62565-5-1

®


Edition 1.0 2023-06




TECHNICAL



SPECIFICATION








colour

inside










Nanomanufacturing – Product specifications –

Part 5-1: Nanoporous activated carbon – Blank detail specification:

Electrochemical capacitors

























INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL


COMMISSION





ICS 07.120 ISBN 978-2-8322-7096-7




  Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.


® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 9
3.1 General terms . 9
3.2 Terms related to the nanoporous activated carbon . 12
3.3 Chemical key control characteristics . 13
3.4 Physical key control characteristic . 14
3.5 Structural key control characteristics . 15
3.6 Electrochemical key control characteristics . 16
3.7 Measurement methods . 17
3.8 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 17
4 General introduction regarding measurement methods . 18
5 Recommended nanoporous activated carbon specification format . 19
5.1 General product description and procurement information . 19
5.2 Chemical key control characteristics . 19
5.3 Physical key control characteristics . 20
5.4 Structural key control characteristics . 21
5.5 Electrochemical key control characteristics . 21
6 Overview of test methods . 22
Annex A (normative) Supporting information for standardized KCC measurement
procedures. 26
A.1 General . 26
A.2 Water content: Karl Fischer . 26
A.2.1 General . 26
A.2.2 Measurement standard . 26
A.3 Water content: Drying loss . 26
A.3.1 General . 26
A.3.2 Measurement standard . 26
A.4 Ash content: Incineration . 27
A.4.1 General . 27
A.4.2 Measurement standard . 27
A.5 Metallic impurities: ICP-MS . 27
A.5.1 General . 27
A.5.2 Measurement standard . 27
A.5.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 27
A.6 Metallic impurities: ICP-OES . 27
A.6.1 General . 27
A.6.2 Measurement standard . 27
A.6.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 27
A.7 Anion impurities: Ion chromatography . 28
A.7.1 General . 28
A.7.2 Measurement standard . 28
A.8 Elemental content: Elemental analyser . 28
A.8.1 General . 28

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IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023 © IEC 2023 – 3 –
A.8.2 Measurement standard . 28
A.8.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 28
A.9 Elemental content: CS analyser, ONH analyser . 28
A.9.1 General . 28
A.9.2 Measurement standard . 29
A.9.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 29
A.10 Oxygen functional groups: Boehm titration . 29
A.10.1 General . 29
A.10.2 Measurement standard . 29
A.10.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 29
A.11 Oxygen functional groups: XPS . 30
A.11.1 General . 30
A.11.2 Measurement standard . 30
A.11.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 30
A.12 Particle size distribution: Laser diffraction method . 30
A.12.1 General . 30
A.12.2 Measurement standard . 30
A.13 Tap density: Tapping method . 30
A.13.1 General . 30
A.13.2 Measurement standard . 30
A.14 pH value: pH meter . 31
A.14.1 General . 31
A.14.2 Measurement standard . 31
A.15 Circularity: Static image analysis method . 31
A.15.1 General . 31
A.15.2 Measurement standard . 31
A.15.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 31
A.16 Circularity: Dynamic image analysis method . 31
A.16.1 General . 31
A.16.2 Measurement standard . 31
A.16.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 31
A.17 Circularity: SEM . 31
A.17.1 General . 31
A.17.2 Measurement standard . 32
A.17.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 32
A.18 Apparent density: Funnel method . 32
A.18.1 General . 32
A.18.2 Measurement standard . 32
A.19 Volume resistivity: Four probe method . 32
A.19.1 General . 32
A.19.2 Measurement standard . 32
A.20 Specific surface area: Gas adsorption . 32
A.20.1 General . 32
A.20.2 Measurement standard . 33
A.20.3 Adaptations and modifications required . 33
A.21 Pore volume: Gas adsorption . 33
A.21.1 General . 33
A.21.2 Measurement standard . 33
A.22 Pore size distribution: Gas adsorption . 33

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A.22.1 General . 33
A.22.2 Measurement standard . 33
A.23 Crystal structure: XRD . 33
A.23.1 General . 33
A.23.2 Measurement standard . 33
A.24 Defect level: Raman spectra . 34
A.24.1 General . 34
A.24.2 Measurement standard . 34
A.25 Specific capacitance: CCC-CVC-CCD . 34
A.25.1 General . 34
A.25.2 Measurement standard . 34
A.26 Internal resistance: CCC-CVC-CCD . 34
A.26.1 General . 34
A.26.2 Measurement standard . 34
A.27 Voltage maintenance rate: CCC-CVC . 35
A.27.1 General . 35
A.27.2 Measurement standard . 35
A.28 Leakage current: CCC-CVC . 35
A.28.1 General . 35
A.28.2 Measurement standard . 35
A.29 Endurance in cycling: CCC-CCD . 35
A.29.1 General . 35
A.29.2 Measurement standard . 35
A.30 Temperature endurance: CVC . 36
A.30.1 General . 36
A.30.2 Measurement standard . 36
Bibliography . 37

Figure 1 – Industrial chain of electrochemical capacitor . 8

Table 1 – Format for general procurement information . 19
Table 2 – Format for chemical key control characteristics . 20
Table 3 – Format for physical key control characteristics . 21
Table 4 – Format for structural key control characteristics . 21
Table 5 – Format for electrochemical key control characteristics . 22
Table 6 – Matrix of properties and methodologies of nanoporous activated carbon for
electrochemical capacitors . 23

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IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023 © IEC 2023 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

NANOMANUFACTURING –
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS –

Part 5-1: Nanoporous activated carbon –
Blank detail specification: Electrochemical capacitors

FOREWORD
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IEC TS 62565-5-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 113: Nanotechnology for
electrotechnical products and systems. It is a Technical Specification.
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
113/715/DTS 113/742/RVDTS

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.

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The language used for the development of this Technical Specification is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement,
available at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by
IEC are described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62565 series, published under the general title
Nanomanufacturing – Product specifications, can be found on the IEC website.
Future documents in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of
existing documents in this series will be updated at the time of the next edition.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023 © IEC 2023 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This document specifies how to report the various characteristics of nanoporous activated
carbon for electrochemical capacitors, and how to incorporate these into a bilateral detail
specification between vendor and user.
Electrochemical capacitors are widely used in the fields of electric vehicles, high speed trains,
airplanes, photovoltaics, wind power and electronics, due to their ultra-fast charge and
discharge capability, long cycle life, wide working temperature range, high security reliability
1
and low maintenance cost [1] . Nanoporous activated carbon is the active material in
electrochemical capacitors [2], [3], [4] (Figure 1), and is one of the most critical factors that
determine the electrochemical performance of a device.
Both precursor and process will affect the chemical, physical and structural characteristics of
nanoporous activated carbon remarkably. The precursor of nanoporous activated carbon can
be biomass, pitch and resin. The production process can be gas activation using diluted
oxygen gas, steam, CO , etc., or chemical activation using H PO , ZnCl , KOH, etc. The
2 3 4 2
chemical, physical and structural key control characteristics (KCCs) will significantly affect the
electrochemical performance of nanoporous activated carbon. For instance, the metallic
impurities will affect the self-discharging and endurance in cycling, the pore size distribution
will affect the specific capacitance and the DC resistance. However, not all relationships
between the chemical, physical, structure and application properties of active materials are
clear so far. In the commercial market, the KCCs will be good indicators to choose an
appropriate nanoporous activated carbon. Therefore, it is important to report KCCs, including
electrochemical characteristics.
For nanoporous activated carbon manufacturers, the accurate characterization is critical for
product optimization, finalization and quality control. For electrochemical capacitor
manufacturers, who use the nanoporous activated carbon, before the large-scale production
of electrochemical capacitors, the correct and accurate characterization of KCCs can be good
indicators for choosing the appropriate raw materials and achieving quality assurance
To permit common processing equipment and common unit processes with predictable and
reproducible results to be used in different fabrication lines, it is important for nanoporous
activated carbon characteristics to be described and assessed in a proper manner and to
standardize the methods for quality control of the manufacturing processes.
In this document, the key chemical, physical, structural and electrochemical characteristics
that will significantly influence the performance of electrochemical capacitors are listed. This
document also provides information about measurement methods and existing standards
concerning the correct determination of KCCs.
___________
1
 Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

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Key
BMS battery management system
EVs electrical vehicles
PV photovoltaic power
3C computer, communication and consumer electronics
Figure 1 – Industrial chain of electrochemical capacitor

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IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023 © IEC 2023 – 9 –
NANOMANUFACTURING –
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS –

Part 5-1: Nanoporous activated carbon –
Blank detail specification: Electrochemical capacitors



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62565, which is a Technical Specification, establishes a blank detail
specification (BDS) for
• nanoporous activated carbon
used for
• electrochemical capacitors
Numeric values for the key control characteristics are left blank as they will be specified
between customer and supplier in the detail specification (DS). In the DS key control
characteristics can be added or removed if agreed between customer and supplier
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
nanomanufacturing
intentional synthesis, generation or control of nanomaterials, or fabrication step in the
nanoscale, for commercial purposes
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.11]

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3.1.2
key control characteristic
KCC
material property or intermediate product characteristic which can affect safety or compliance
with regulations, fit, function, performance, quality, reliability or subsequent processing of the
final product
Note 1 to entry: The measurement of a key control characteristic is described in a standardized measurement
procedure with known accuracy an
...