IEC 62288:2014

Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational displays - General requirements, methods of testing and required test results

IEC 62288:2014 specifies the general requirements, methods of testing, and required test results for the presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational displays in support of IMO resolutions MSC.191(79) and MSC.302(87). This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- References to IBS have been removed as IMO has revoked MSC.64(67) Annex 1:1996, Performance standards for integrated bridge systems (IBS).
- Subclause 4.9 (Alerts and indicators) has been revised to align the requirements with the IMO resolutions MSC.252(83), MSC.302(87) and A.1021(26) published since MSC.191(79), together with a new Annex F for alert related icons.
- Clause 5 (Presentation of operational information) has been revised with a new requirement added for merging AIS targets from multiple sources.
- Test methods have been reviewed and further guidance on testing added to Annex D. A new normative Annex G has been added for testing of colours, intensity and flicker.
- Annex A (Presentation of colours and symbols) has been revised with AIS AtoN symbols, AIS-SART symbol and wheel over position symbol redefined, and new symbols added for AIS SAR aircraft, AIS SAR vessel, MSI and AIS application specific messages.

Matériels et systèmes de navigation et de radiocommunication maritimes - Présentation des informations relatives à la navigation sur des affichages de navigation de bord - Exigences générales, méthodes d'essai et résultats d'essai exigés

L'IEC 62288:2014 spécifie les exigences générales, les méthodes d'essai, et les résultats d'essai exigés pour la présentation des informations relatives à la navigation sur des affichages de navigation de bord, et vient à l'appui des résolutions MSC.191(79) et MSC.302(87) de l'OMI.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- Les références aux IBS (Integrated Bridge Systems - systèmes de passerelle intégrés) ont été supprimées, car l'OMI a annulé la résolution MSC.64(67) Annexe 1:1996, Normes de fonctionnement des systèmes de passerelle intégrés (IBS).
- Le paragraphe ‎4.9 (Alertes et indicateurs) a été révisé pour garantir la cohérence des exigences avec les résolutions MSC.252(83), MSC.302(87) et A.1021(26) de l'OMI publiées depuis la parution de la résolution MSC.191(79), conjointement à une nouvelle ‎Annexe F pour les icônes d'alerte.
- L'Article ‎5 (Présentation des informations opérationnelles) a été révisé par l'ajout d'une nouvelle exigence relative à la fusion de cibles AIS (Automatic Identification System - Système d'identification automatique) issues de plusieurs sources.
- Des méthodes d'essai ont été révisées et des préconisations supplémentaires relatives aux essais ont été ajoutées à l'‎Annexe D. Une nouvelle ‎Annexe G normative a été ajoutée pour les essais de couleurs, d'intensité et de scintillement.
- L'‎Annexe A (Présentation des couleurs et des symboles) a été révisée par la redéfinition des symboles AIS AtoN (Aid to navigation - Aide à la navigation), du symbole AIS SART et du symbole "Position de manœuvre de la barre" ainsi que par l'ajout de nouveaux symboles AIS pour aéronef SAR, pour navire AIS SAR et les messages spécifiques aux MSI et à l'AIS.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-2014
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 47.020.70 - Navigation and control equipment
• Technical Committee: TC 80 - Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems
• Drafting Committee: MT 5 - TC 80/MT 5
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Start Date: 20-Dec-2021
• Completion Date: 26-Feb-2021

Relations

• Revises: IEC 62288:2008 - Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational displays - General requirements, methods of testing and required test results
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 62288:2021 - Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational displays - General requirements, methods of testing and required test results
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 62288:2014 - Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - specifies general requirements, test methods and required test results for the presentation of navigation‑related information on shipborne navigational displays. It supports IMO resolutions (notably MSC.191(79) and MSC.302(87)) and defines how operational data (radar, ECDIS/chart, AIS, targets, alerts, colours and symbols) should be presented to ensure safe, consistent and unambiguous bridge information displays.

Key topics and technical requirements

• General display requirements: layout consistency, readability under all ambient light conditions, legibility of alphanumeric data and icons, and separation of operational display areas.
• Colours, intensity and symbols: discrimination of colours, presentation of chart and operational symbols, and mandatory symbol sets (revised Annex A including AIS AtoN, AIS‑SART, wheel‑over, AIS SAR aircraft/vessel, MSI and AIS application‑specific message symbols).
• Alerts and indicators: updated alerting requirements (subclause 4.9 and new Annex F) to align with recent IMO resolutions; guidance on alert prioritization, presentation and speech output for alarms.
• Presentation of operational information: rules for own‑ship depiction, radar video and target trails, chart alteration, and merged presentation of information from multiple sources.
• AIS handling: new requirement for merging AIS targets from multiple sources, filtering of sleeping targets, activation and indication of target derivation.
• Testing and compliance: defined methods of test and required results with expanded testing guidance (Annex D) and a new normative Annex G for testing of colours, intensity and flicker; Annex F for alert icons.
• Physical and ergonomic requirements: display adjustment, brightness/contrast, temporal stability, screen size and multi‑colour display testing.
• Relationship to other standards: application guidance relative to IEC 60945 and IMO resolutions.

Practical applications and who uses this standard

• Manufacturers and designers of shipborne displays, radar, ECDIS, AIS displays and multifunction consoles - for product design, user interface specification and type approval.
• System integrators and shipyards - ensuring consistent presentation when integrating radar, ECDIS and AIS sources on the bridge.
• Flag administrations, classification societies and testing labs - for certification, conformity assessment and test procedures.
• Ship operators, bridge teams and maritime safety officers - for understanding display behavior, alerting policy and safe Human‑Machine Interface (HMI) practices.

Related standards and regulatory context

• IMO resolutions: MSC.191(79), MSC.302(87), MSC.252(83), A.1021(26).
• IEC 60945 (general maritime equipment requirements).
• Note: references to Integrated Bridge Systems (IBS) were removed following revocation of MSC.64(67) Annex 1:1996.

Keywords: IEC 62288, shipborne navigational displays, AIS merging, ECDIS, radar display, maritime display testing, navigation information presentation, IMO resolutions.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62288 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –
Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational
displays – General requirements, methods of testing and required test results

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IEC 62288 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –

Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational

displays – General requirements, methods of testing and required test results

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XF
ICS 47.020.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-1688-0

– 2 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7

1 Scope . 9

2 Normative references . 9

3 Terms and definitions . 10

4 General requirements for all displays on the bridge of a ship . 15

4.1 Relationship to IMO standards . 15

4.2 Application of IEC 60945. 16
4.2.1 Remark . 16
4.2.2 General requirements . 16
4.3 Arrangement of information . 16
4.3.1 Consistency of layout . 16
4.3.2 Consistent presentation of information . 17
4.3.3 Separation of operational display area . 17
4.4 Readability . 17
4.4.1 Readability under all ambient light conditions . 17
4.4.2 Legibility of alphanumeric data and text . 19
4.4.3 Presentation of text . 20
4.4.4 Icons . 20
4.5 Colours and intensity . 21
4.5.1 Discrimination of colours – Requirement . 21
4.5.2 Methods of test and required results . 21
4.6 Symbols . 22
4.6.1 Operational information . 22
4.6.2 Electronic chart information . 22
4.7 Colour coding of information . 23
4.7.1 Colour coding for discrimination . 23
4.7.2 Colour coding of information . 23
4.7.3 Colour coding in combination with other attributes . 23
4.7.4 Flashing of information . 24
4.8 Integrity marking . 24
4.8.1 Indication of source, validity and integrity status . 24
4.8.2 Colour coding of validity and integrity . 24

4.8.3 Indication of presentation failure . 25
4.9 Alerts and indications . 25
4.9.1 Operational status . 25
4.9.2 List of alerts. 26
4.9.3 Alert related information from multiple sources . 27
4.9.4 Speech output for alarms and warnings . 27
4.10 Presentation mode . 28
4.10.1 Requirement . 28
4.10.2 Methods of test and required results . 28
4.11 User manuals, instructions and reference guides . 28
4.11.1 Requirement . 28
4.11.2 Methods of test and required results . 29
5 Presentation of operational information . 29
5.1 Application . 29

5.2 Presentation of own ship information . 29

5.2.1 Graphical representation of own ship – Requirement . 29

5.2.2 Methods of test and required results . 29

5.3 Presentation of chart information . 30

5.3.1 Alteration of chart information . 30

5.3.2 Colours and symbols for charted information . 30

5.4 Presentation of radar information . 31

5.4.1 Radar video images . 31

5.4.2 Target trails . 32

5.5 Presentation of target information . 32

5.5.1 Providing target information . 32
5.5.2 Consistent user interface for target information. 33
5.5.3 Indication of exceeding target capacity . 33
5.5.4 Merging AIS targets from multiple source . 33
5.5.5 Filtering sleeping AIS targets . 34
5.5.6 Activation of AIS targets . 35
5.5.7 Graphical presentation of targets . 35
5.5.8 Target selection . 37
5.5.9 Indication of target derivation . 37
5.5.10 Presentation of tracked radar target information . 37
5.5.11 Presentation of reported AIS target information . 38
5.5.12 Continual update of target information . 39
5.5.13 Own ship’s AIS information . 39
5.5.14 Obscuring the operational display area . 39
5.6 Operational alerts . 39
5.6.1 Alert status . 39
5.6.2 CPA/TCPA alarms . 40
5.6.3 Acquisition/activation zones warnings . 40
5.6.4 Lost target warnings . 41
5.7 AIS and radar target association . 41
5.7.1 Target association . 41
5.7.2 AIS presentation status. 42
5.7.3 Trial manoeuvre. 43
5.8 Measurement . 43
5.8.1 Measurement from own ship . 43

5.8.2 Bearing and range measurements . 44
5.9 Navigation tools . 44
5.9.1 General requirements . 44
5.9.2 Range rings . 44
5.9.3 Variable range marker (VRM) . 45
5.9.4 Bearing scale. 46
5.9.5 Electronic bearing line (EBL) . 46
5.9.6 Parallel index lines (PI) . 47
5.9.7 Offset measurement of range and bearing . 48
5.9.8 User cursor . 49
6 Radar and chart displays . 50
6.1 General . 50
6.1.1 Application. 50
6.1.2 Multifunction displays . 50

– 4 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

6.1.3 Simultaneous display of radar and chart data . 51

6.1.4 Range scales . 51

6.1.5 Operational display area . 51

6.1.6 Motion display modes . 52

6.1.7 Orientation modes . 52

6.1.8 Off-centring . 53

6.1.9 Stabilisation modes . 53

6.2 Radar displays . 54

6.2.1 Application. 54

6.2.2 Radar video image. 54

6.2.3 Brightness of radar information . 54
6.2.4 Display of chart information on radar . 55
6.2.5 Priority of radar information . 56
6.2.6 Display of map graphics . 56
6.3 Chart displays . 57
6.3.1 Application. 57
6.3.2 Display of chart information . 57
6.3.3 IMO ECDIS display categories . 57
6.3.4 Adding or removing information from the display. 58
6.3.5 Safety contour . 58
6.3.6 Safety depth . 59
6.3.7 Chart scale . 59
6.3.8 Display of radar and target information . 59
6.3.9 Display of additional information . 60
6.4 Composite task-oriented presentations . 60
6.4.1 User-configured presentations . 60
6.4.2 Information associated with the task-at-hand . 61
7 Physical requirements . 61
7.1 General . 61
7.2 Display adjustment . 61
7.2.1 Contrast and brightness . 61
7.2.2 Magnetic interference . 62
7.2.3 Temporal stability . 62
7.2.4 Physical controls and status indicators . 63
7.3 Screen size . 63

7.3.1 Requirement . 63
7.3.2 Method of test and required results . 64
7.4 Multicoloured display equipment . 64
7.4.1 Requirement . 64
7.4.2 Method of test and required results . 64
7.5 Screen resolution . 64
7.5.1 Requirement . 64
7.5.2 Method of test and required results . 65
7.6 Screen viewing angle . 65
7.6.1 Requirement . 65
7.6.2 Methods of test and required results . 65
Annex A (normative) Presentation colours and symbols . 66
A.1 Overview . 66
A.2 Purpose . 66

A.3 Scope . 66

A.4 Application . 66

A.5 Navigation-related symbols . 66

Annex B (normative) Guidelines for the presentation of navigation-related terminology
and abbreviations . 99

B.1 Overview . 99

B.2 Purpose . 99

B.3 Scope of these guidelines . 99

B.4 Application . 99

B.5 Navigation related terminology and abbreviations . 99

Annex C (informative) Guidance on display and dialogue design in MSC/Circ.982 . 106
C.1 Overview . 106
C.2 General . 106
C.3 Requirements in MSC/Circ.982 related to the display design . 106
Annex D (informative) Guidance on testing . 108
D.1 Methods of test derived from ISO 9241-12 . 108
D.1.1 General . 108
D.1.2 Observation . 108
D.1.3 Inspection of documented evidence . 108
D.1.4 Measurement . 109
D.1.5 Analytical evaluation . 109
D.2 Application of IEC 60945. 109
D.2.1 Display equipment category . 109
D.2.2 Technical performance . 109
D.2.3 Pre-conditioning for environmental tests . 110
D.2.4 Methods of test derived from ISO 9241-12 applied for IEC 60945 . 110
D.3 Compliance with requirements . 112
D.4 Simulation . 112
D.5 Electronic chart data . 112
Annex E (normative) Operational controls . 113
E.1 Overview . 113
E.2 Logical grouping of data and control functions . 113
E.3 Icons for common function controls . 114
Annex F (normative) Icons for presentation of the state of an alert. 117
Annex G (normative) Testing for colours, intensity and flicker . 119

G.1 Testing for colours and intensity . 119
G.1.1 General . 119
G.1.2 Test personnel . 120
G.1.3 Method of test . 120
G.2 Testing for flicker . 121
G.2.1 Overview . 121
G.2.2 Analytic model . 121
G.2.3 Decision criteria . 123
Bibliography . 125

Table 1 – Ambient light conditions . 18
Table 2 – Operational status . 26
Table 3 – AIS status . 42

– 6 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

Table A.1 – Own ship symbols . 67

Table A.2 – Radar and AIS symbols . 71

Table A.3 – Navigation symbols . 84

Table A.4 – Navigation tools . 91

Table A.5 – Other symbols . 92

Table A.6 – Example of possible colour scheme . 98

Table B.1 – List of standard terms and abbreviations . 100

Table B.2 – List of standard units of measurement and abbreviations . 105

Table C.1 – Paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 associated with IEC 60945 requirements . 106
Table C.2 – Other paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 related to display design . 107
Table C.3 – Other paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 partially related to display design . 107
Table D.1 – Methods of test applied for IEC 60945 . 110
Table E.1 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for radar applications . 114
Table E.2 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for charting. 114
Table E.3 – General control icons . 115
Table E.4 – Task-oriented measurement control icons . 115
Table E.5 – Radar specific control icons . 116
Table F.1 – Alert management icons – basic . 117
Table F.2 – Alert management icons – additional qualifiers . 118
Table G.1 – Values of predicted energy and special coefficients . 124

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
MARITIME NAVIGATION AND RADIOCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT AND

SYSTEMS – PRESENTATION OF NAVIGATION-RELATED INFORMATION

ON SHIPBORNE NAVIGATIONAL DISPLAYS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS,

METHODS OF TESTING AND REQUIRED TEST RESULTS

FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 62288 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 80: Maritime
navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems.
This standard supports the performance standards for the presentation of navigation-related
information on shipborne navigational displays, adopted by the IMO in resolution
MSC.191(79) in December 2004.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2008 and constitutes a
technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
• References to IBS have been removed as IMO has revoked MSC.64(67) Annex 1:1996,
Performance standards for integrated bridge systems (IBS).

– 8 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

• Subclause 4.9 (Alerts and indicators) has been revised to align the requirements with the

IMO resolutions MSC.252(83), MSC.302(87) and A.1021(26) published since

MSC.191(79), together with a new Annex F for alert related icons.

• Clause 5 (Presentation of operational information) has been revised with a new

requirement added for merging AIS targets from multiple sources.

• Test methods have been reviewed and further guidance on testing added to Annex D. A
new normative Annex G has been added for testing of colours, intensity and flicker.

• Annex A (Presentation of colours and symbols) has been revised with AIS AtoN symbols,

AIS-SART symbol and wheel over position symbol redefined, and new symbols added for

AIS SAR aircraft, AIS SAR vessel, MSI and AIS application specific messages.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
80/733/FDIS 80/738/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
NOTE All text in this standard whose wording is identical to text contained in an IMO document is printed in
italics. Reference to the document is noted at the beginning of the paragraph. The notation contains a prefix
referring to the document and a suffix with the paragraph number from the document (for example, (MSC191/1);
(SN243/1), etc.).
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
MARITIME NAVIGATION AND RADIOCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT AND

SYSTEMS – PRESENTATION OF NAVIGATION-RELATED INFORMATION

ON SHIPBORNE NAVIGATIONAL DISPLAYS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS,

METHODS OF TESTING AND REQUIRED TEST RESULTS

1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the general requirements, methods of testing, and
required test results, for the presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne
navigational displays in support of IMO resolutions MSC.191(79) and MSC.302(87).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60945:2002, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –
General requirements – Methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61174, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Electronic
chart display and information system (ECDIS) – Operational and performance requirements,
methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61966-4, Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management –
Part 4: Equipment using liquid crystal display panels
IEC 62065, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Track
control systems – Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and
required test results
IEC 62388, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Shipborne
radar – Performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results
IHO S-52 Specifications for chart content and display aspects of ECDIS

IHO S-52 Annex A, IHO ECDIS presentation library
IMO A.694(17):1991, General requirements for shipborne radio equipment forming part of the
global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and for electronic navigational aids
IMO MSC.191(79):2004, Performance standards for the presentation of navigation related
information on shipborne navigational displays
IMO MSC.192(79):2004, Performance standards for radar equipment
IMO MSC.232(82):2006, Revised performance standards for electronic chart display and
information systems (ECDIS)
IMO SN.1/Circ.243/Rev.1:2014, Guidelines for the presentation of navigation related symbols,
terms and abbreviations
– 10 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

IMO MSC.252(83):2007, Performance standards for integrated navigation systems (INS)

IMO MSC.302(87):2010, Performance standards for bridge alert management (BAM)

IMO A.1021(26):2009, Code on Alerts and Indications

VESA-2001-6, Flat Panel Display Measurements (FPDM)

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
activated AIS target
(MSC191/A) target activated for the display of additional graphically presented information
EXAMPLE Heading line, velocity vector, etc.
3.2
automatic identification system
AIS
system which complies with the requirements set forth in Annex 3 to IMO Resolution
MSC.74(69)
3.3
AIS target (or reported AIS target)
(MSC191/A) target generated from an AIS message
3.4
alarm
(MSC.302/A) a high-priority alert. Condition requiring immediate attention and action by the
bridge team, to maintain the safe navigation of the ship
3.5
alert
(MSC.302/A) announcement of abnormal situations and conditions requiring attention. Alerts
are divided in four priorities: emergency alarms, alarms, warnings and cautions. An alert
provides information about a defined state change in connection with information about how
to announce this event in a defined way to the system and the operator
3.6
associated target
(MSC191/A) target simultaneously representing a tracked radar target and a reported AIS
target having similar parameters (for example, position, course, speed, etc.) and which
comply with an association algorithm
3.7
brilliance
adjustment of luminance of a display for ambient light
EXAMPLE Control of backlight for LCD (liquid cristal display).
3.8
caution
(MSC.302/A) lowest priority of an alert. Awareness of a condition which does not warrant an
alarm or warning condition, but still requires attention out of the ordinary consideration of the
situation or of given information

3.9
consistent common reference point

CCRP
(MSC191/A) location on own ship, to which all horizontal measurements such as own ship

position, heading, and target range, bearing, relative course, relative speed, closest point of

approach (CPA) or time to closest point of approach (TCPA) are referenced, typically the

conning position of the ship
Note 1 to entry: An alternative location (or multiple locations) may be used, as necessary, where clearly indicated
or distinctively obvious, for example, the origin of the reference axis of the ship.

3.10
composite presentation
integrated presentation that is derived from the simultaneous display of information from two
or more navigational systems or from other pieces of equipment
3.11
dangerous target
(MSC191/A) tracked radar or reported AIS target with a predicted CPA and TCPA that violates
values preset by the user. The respective target is marked by a “dangerous target” symbol
3.12
dead-reckoned position
DR
position extrapolated from the last accepted position update, based on present course and
speed, and updated on a time interval selected by the operator
3.13
display base
(MSC191/A) level of information which cannot be removed from the ECDIS display, consisting
of information which is required at all times in all geographic areas and all circumstances. It is
not intended to be sufficient for safe navigation
3.14
display equipment
device capable of representing information visually
3.15
doubtful integrity
state when integrity cannot be verified
3.16
electronic chart display and information system
ECDIS
system which complies with the requirements set forth in IMO Resolution MSC.232(82)
3.17
electronic chart information
one or more electronic chart databases
EXAMPLE ENC.
3.18
electronic navigational chart
ENC
(MSC191/A) database standardised as to content, structure and format according to IHO S-57
and its Appendix B.1 and issued by, or on the authority of, a Government

– 12 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014

3.19
emergency alarm
(MSC.302/A) highest priority of an alert. Alarms which indicate immediate danger to human

life or to the ship and its machinery exits and require immediate action

3.20
estimated position
EP
position extrapolated from the last accepted position update, based on present course and

speed (STW), including effects of wind, tide, current, and updated on a time interval selected
by the operator
3.21
fix
position of own ship determined, without reference to any former position, by the common
intersection of two or more LOPs
3.22
heading
(MSC191/A) horizontal direction in which the bow of a ship is actually pointing at any instant,
expressed as an angular displacement from north
3.23
icon
graphical symbol with a particular meaning used to convey information independent of
language
Note 1 to entry: Icons may be used for visual identification or reinforcement of a textual description, to invoke a
function, or to open an object when selected with the cursor.
3.24
important indication
(MSC191/A) marking of an operational status of displayed information which needs special
attention, for example, information with low integrity or invalid information
Note 1 to entry: The important indication is not part of alert classification.
3.25
indication
display of regular information and conditions, not part of alert management
3.26
integrated navigation system
INS
system which complies with the requirements set forth in IMO Resolution MSC.252(83)
3.27
integrity
property of information as being within the specified accuracy in a timely, complete and
unambiguous manner
3.28
line of position
LOP
plotted line on which own ship is located determined by observation or measurement of the
range or bearing to an aid to navigation or other charted element

3.29
lost target
(MSC191/A) tracked radar or reported AIS target for which the system is no longer receiving

valid position data
Note 1 to entry: The target is represented by a “lost target” symbol.

3.30
menu
area of the display that is allocated to a structured list of options for the selection and entry of
...

IEC 62288 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –
Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational
displays – General requirements, methods of testing and required test results

Matériels et systèmes de navigation et de radiocommunication maritimes –
Présentation des informations relatives à la navigation sur des affichages de
navigation de bord – Exigences générales, méthodes d'essai et résultats d'essai
exigés
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IEC 62288 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –

Presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne navigational

displays – General requirements, methods of testing and required test results

Matériels et systèmes de navigation et de radiocommunication maritimes –

Présentation des informations relatives à la navigation sur des affichages de

navigation de bord – Exigences générales, méthodes d'essai et résultats d'essai

exigés
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 47.020.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-4514-9

– 2 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 General requirements for all displays on the bridge of a ship . 15
4.1 Relationship to IMO standards . 15
4.2 Application of IEC 60945. 16
4.2.1 Remark . 16
4.2.2 General requirements . 16
4.3 Arrangement of information . 16
4.3.1 Consistency of layout . 16
4.3.2 Consistent presentation of information . 17
4.3.3 Separation of operational display area . 17
4.4 Readability . 17
4.4.1 Readability under all ambient light conditions . 17
4.4.2 Legibility of alphanumeric data and text . 19
4.4.3 Presentation of text . 20
4.4.4 Icons . 20
4.5 Colours and intensity . 21
4.5.1 Discrimination of colours – Requirement . 21
4.5.2 Methods of test and required results . 21
4.6 Symbols . 22
4.6.1 Operational information . 22
4.6.2 Electronic chart information . 22
4.7 Colour coding of information . 23
4.7.1 Colour coding for discrimination . 23
4.7.2 Colour coding of information . 23
4.7.3 Colour coding in combination with other attributes . 23
4.7.4 Flashing of information . 24
4.8 Integrity marking . 24
4.8.1 Indication of source, validity and integrity status . 24
4.8.2 Colour coding of validity and integrity . 24
4.8.3 Indication of presentation failure . 25
4.9 Alerts and indications . 25
4.9.1 Operational status . 25
4.9.2 List of alerts. 26
4.9.3 Alert related information from multiple sources . 27
4.9.4 Speech output for alarms and warnings . 27
4.10 Presentation mode . 28
4.10.1 Requirement . 28
4.10.2 Methods of test and required results . 28
4.11 User manuals, instructions and reference guides . 28
4.11.1 Requirement . 28
4.11.2 Methods of test and required results . 29
5 Presentation of operational information . 29
5.1 Application . 29
5.2 Presentation of own ship information . 29

5.2.1 Graphical representation of own ship – Requirement . 29
5.2.2 Methods of test and required results . 29
5.3 Presentation of chart information . 30
5.3.1 Alteration of chart information . 30
5.3.2 Colours and symbols for charted information . 30
5.4 Presentation of radar information . 31
5.4.1 Radar video images . 31
5.4.2 Target trails . 32
5.5 Presentation of target information . 32
5.5.1 Providing target information . 32
5.5.2 Consistent user interface for target information. 33
5.5.3 Indication of exceeding target capacity . 33
5.5.4 Merging AIS targets from multiple source . 33
5.5.5 Filtering sleeping AIS targets . 34
5.5.6 Activation of AIS targets . 35
5.5.7 Graphical presentation of targets . 35
5.5.8 Target selection . 37
5.5.9 Indication of target derivation . 37
5.5.10 Presentation of tracked radar target information . 37
5.5.11 Presentation of reported AIS target information . 38
5.5.12 Continual update of target information . 39
5.5.13 Own ship’s AIS information . 39
5.5.14 Obscuring the operational display area . 39
5.6 Operational alerts . 39
5.6.1 Alert status . 39
5.6.2 CPA/TCPA alarms . 40
5.6.3 Acquisition/activation zones warnings . 40
5.6.4 Lost target warnings . 41
5.7 AIS and radar target association . 41
5.7.1 Target association . 41
5.7.2 AIS presentation status. 42
5.7.3 Trial manoeuvre. 43
5.8 Measurement . 43
5.8.1 Measurement from own ship . 43
5.8.2 Bearing and range measurements . 44
5.9 Navigation tools . 44
5.9.1 General requirements . 44
5.9.2 Range rings . 44
5.9.3 Variable range marker (VRM) . 45
5.9.4 Bearing scale. 46
5.9.5 Electronic bearing line (EBL) . 46
5.9.6 Parallel index lines (PI) . 47
5.9.7 Offset measurement of range and bearing . 48
5.9.8 User cursor . 49
6 Radar and chart displays . 50
6.1 General . 50
6.1.1 Application. 50
6.1.2 Multifunction displays . 50
6.1.3 Simultaneous display of radar and chart data . 51

– 4 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014
6.1.4 Range scales . 51
6.1.5 Operational display area . 51
6.1.6 Motion display modes . 52
6.1.7 Orientation modes . 52
6.1.8 Off-centring . 53
6.1.9 Stabilisation modes . 53
6.2 Radar displays . 54
6.2.1 Application. 54
6.2.2 Radar video image. 54
6.2.3 Brightness of radar information . 54
6.2.4 Display of chart information on radar . 55
6.2.5 Priority of radar information . 56
6.2.6 Display of map graphics . 56
6.3 Chart displays . 57
6.3.1 Application. 57
6.3.2 Display of chart information . 57
6.3.3 IMO ECDIS display categories . 57
6.3.4 Adding or removing information from the display. 58
6.3.5 Safety contour . 58
6.3.6 Safety depth . 59
6.3.7 Chart scale . 59
6.3.8 Display of radar and target information . 59
6.3.9 Display of additional information . 60
6.4 Composite task-oriented presentations . 60
6.4.1 User-configured presentations . 60
6.4.2 Information associated with the task-at-hand . 61
7 Physical requirements . 61
7.1 General . 61
7.2 Display adjustment . 61
7.2.1 Contrast and brightness . 61
7.2.2 Magnetic interference . 62
7.2.3 Temporal stability . 62
7.2.4 Physical controls and status indicators . 63
7.3 Screen size . 63
7.3.1 Requirement . 63
7.3.2 Method of test and required results . 64
7.4 Multicoloured display equipment . 64
7.4.1 Requirement . 64
7.4.2 Method of test and required results . 64
7.5 Screen resolution . 64
7.5.1 Requirement . 64
7.5.2 Method of test and required results . 65
7.6 Screen viewing angle . 65
7.6.1 Requirement . 65
7.6.2 Methods of test and required results . 65
Annex A (normative) Presentation colours and symbols . 66
A.1 Overview . 66
A.2 Purpose . 66
A.3 Scope . 66

A.4 Application . 66
A.5 Navigation-related symbols . 66
Annex B (normative) Guidelines for the presentation of navigation-related terminology
and abbreviations . 99
B.1 Overview . 99
B.2 Purpose . 99
B.3 Scope of these guidelines . 99
B.4 Application . 99
B.5 Navigation related terminology and abbreviations . 99
Annex C (informative) Guidance on display and dialogue design in MSC/Circ.982 . 106
C.1 Overview . 106
C.2 General . 106
C.3 Requirements in MSC/Circ.982 related to the display design . 106
Annex D (informative) Guidance on testing . 108
D.1 Methods of test derived from ISO 9241-12 . 108
D.1.1 General . 108
D.1.2 Observation . 108
D.1.3 Inspection of documented evidence . 108
D.1.4 Measurement . 109
D.1.5 Analytical evaluation . 109
D.2 Application of IEC 60945. 109
D.2.1 Display equipment category . 109
D.2.2 Technical performance . 109
D.2.3 Pre-conditioning for environmental tests . 110
D.2.4 Methods of test derived from ISO 9241-12 applied for IEC 60945 . 110
D.3 Compliance with requirements . 112
D.4 Simulation . 112
D.5 Electronic chart data . 112
Annex E (normative) Operational controls . 113
E.1 Overview . 113
E.2 Logical grouping of data and control functions . 113
E.3 Icons for common function controls . 114
Annex F (normative) Icons for presentation of the state of an alert. 117
Annex G (normative) Testing for colours, intensity and flicker . 119
G.1 Testing for colours and intensity . 119
G.1.1 General . 119
G.1.2 Test personnel . 120
G.1.3 Method of test . 120
G.2 Testing for flicker . 121
G.2.1 Overview . 121
G.2.2 Analytic model . 121
G.2.3 Decision criteria . 123
Bibliography . 125

Table 1 – Ambient light conditions . 18
Table 2 – Operational status . 26
Table 3 – AIS status . 42
Table A.1 – Own ship symbols . 67

– 6 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014
Table A.2 – Radar and AIS symbols . 71
Table A.3 – Navigation symbols . 84
Table A.4 – Navigation tools . 91
Table A.5 – Other symbols . 92
Table A.6 – Example of possible colour scheme . 98
Table B.1 – List of standard terms and abbreviations . 100
Table B.2 – List of standard units of measurement and abbreviations . 105
Table C.1 – Paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 associated with IEC 60945 requirements . 106
Table C.2 – Other paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 related to display design . 107
Table C.3 – Other paragraphs in MSC/Circ.982 partially related to display design . 107
Table D.1 – Methods of test applied for IEC 60945 . 110
Table E.1 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for radar applications . 114
Table E.2 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for charting. 114
Table E.3 – General control icons . 115
Table E.4 – Task-oriented measurement control icons . 115
Table E.5 – Radar specific control icons . 116
Table F.1 – Alert management icons – basic . 117
Table F.2 – Alert management icons – additional qualifiers . 118
Table G.1 – Values of predicted energy and special coefficients . 124

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MARITIME NAVIGATION AND RADIOCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT AND
SYSTEMS – PRESENTATION OF NAVIGATION-RELATED INFORMATION
ON SHIPBORNE NAVIGATIONAL DISPLAYS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS,
METHODS OF TESTING AND REQUIRED TEST RESULTS

FOREWORD
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all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62288 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 80: Maritime
navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems.
This standard supports the performance standards for the presentation of navigation-related
information on shipborne navigational displays, adopted by the IMO in resolution
MSC.191(79) in December 2004.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2008 and constitutes a
technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
• References to IBS have been removed as IMO has revoked MSC.64(67) Annex 1:1996,
Performance standards for integrated bridge systems (IBS).

– 8 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014
• Subclause 4.9 (Alerts and indicators) has been revised to align the requirements with the
IMO resolutions MSC.252(83), MSC.302(87) and A.1021(26) published since
MSC.191(79), together with a new Annex F for alert related icons.
• Clause 5 (Presentation of operational information) has been revised with a new
requirement added for merging AIS targets from multiple sources.
• Test methods have been reviewed and further guidance on testing added to Annex D. A
new normative Annex G has been added for testing of colours, intensity and flicker.
• Annex A (Presentation of colours and symbols) has been revised with AIS AtoN symbols,
AIS-SART symbol and wheel over position symbol redefined, and new symbols added for
AIS SAR aircraft, AIS SAR vessel, MSI and AIS application specific messages.
This bilingual version (2017-06) corresponds to the English version, published in 2014-07.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
80/733/FDIS 80/738/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
NOTE All text in this standard whose wording is identical to text contained in an IMO document is printed in
italics. Reference to the document is noted at the beginning of the paragraph. The notation contains a prefix
referring to the document and a suffix with the paragraph number from the document (for example, (MSC191/1);
(SN243/1), etc.).
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
MARITIME NAVIGATION AND RADIOCOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT AND
SYSTEMS – PRESENTATION OF NAVIGATION-RELATED INFORMATION
ON SHIPBORNE NAVIGATIONAL DISPLAYS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS,
METHODS OF TESTING AND REQUIRED TEST RESULTS

1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the general requirements, methods of testing, and
required test results, for the presentation of navigation-related information on shipborne
navigational displays in support of IMO resolutions MSC.191(79) and MSC.302(87).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60945:2002, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems –
General requirements – Methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61174, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Electronic
chart display and information system (ECDIS) – Operational and performance requirements,
methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61966-4, Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management –
Part 4: Equipment using liquid crystal display panels
IEC 62065, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Track
control systems – Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and
required test results
IEC 62388, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems – Shipborne
radar – Performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results
IHO S-52 Specifications for chart content and display aspects of ECDIS
IHO S-52 Annex A, IHO ECDIS presentation library
IMO A.694(17):1991, General requirements for shipborne radio equipment forming part of the
global maritime distress and safety system (GMDSS) and for electronic navigational aids
IMO MSC.191(79):2004, Performance standards for the presentation of navigation related
information on shipborne navigational displays
IMO MSC.192(79):2004, Performance standards for radar equipment
IMO MSC.232(82):2006, Revised performance standards for electronic chart display and
information systems (ECDIS)
IMO SN.1/Circ.243/Rev.1:2014, Guidelines for the presentation of navigation related symbols,
terms and abbreviations
– 10 – IEC 62288:2014 © IEC 2014
IMO MSC.252(83):2007, Performance standards for integrated navigation systems (INS)
IMO MSC.302(87):2010, Performance standards for bridge alert management (BAM)
IMO A.1021(26):2009, Code on Alerts and Indications
VESA-2001-6, Flat Panel Display Measurements (FPDM)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
activated AIS target
(MSC191/A) target activated for the display of additional graphically presented information
EXAMPLE Heading line, velocity vector, etc.
3.2
automatic identification system
AIS
system which complies with the requirements set forth in Annex 3 to IMO Resolution
MSC.74(69)
3.3
AIS target (or reported AIS target)
(MSC191/A) target generated from an AIS message
3.4
alarm
(MSC.302/A) a high-priority alert. Condition requiring immediate attention and action by the
bridge team, to maintain the safe navigation of the ship
3.5
alert
(MSC.302/A) announcement of abnormal situations and conditions requiring attention. Alerts
are divided in four priorities: emergency alarms, alarms, warnings and cautions. An alert
provides information about a defined state change in connection with information about how
to announce this event in a defined way to the system and the operator
3.6
associated target
(MSC191/A) target simultaneously representing a tracked radar target and a reported AIS
target having similar parameters (for example, position, course, speed, etc.) and which
comply with an association algorithm
3.7
brilliance
adjustment of luminance of a display for ambient light
EXAMPLE Control of backlight for LCD (liquid cristal display).
3.8
caution
(MSC.302/A) lowest priority of an alert. Awareness of a condition which does not warrant an
alarm or warning condition, but still requires attention out of the ordinary consideration of the
situation or of given information

3.9
consistent common reference point
CCRP
(MSC191/A) location on own ship, to which all horizontal measurements such as own ship
position, heading, and target range, bearing, relative course, relative speed, closest point of
approach (CPA) or time to closest point of approach (TCPA) are referenced, typically the
conning position of the ship
Note 1 to entry: An alternative location (or multiple locations) may be used, as necessary, where clearly indicated
or distinctively obvious, for example, the origin of the reference axis of the ship.
3.10
composite presentation
integrated presentation that is derived from the simultaneous display of information from two
or more navigational systems or from other pieces of equipment
3.11
dangerous target
(MSC191/A) tracked radar or reported AIS target with a predicted CPA and TCPA that violates
values preset by the user. The respective target is marked by a “dangerous target” symbol
3.12
dead-reckoned position
DR
position extrapolated from the last accepted position update, based on present course and
speed, and updated on a time interval selected by the operator
3.13
display base
(MSC191/A) level of information which cannot be removed from the ECDIS display, consisting
of information which
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