IEC 62301:2011

Household electrical appliances - Measurement of standby power

IEC 62301:2011 specifies methods of measurement of electrical power consumption in standby mode(s) and other low power modes (off mode and network mode), as applicable. It is applicable to electrical products with a rated input voltage or voltage range that lies wholly or partly in the range 100 V a.c. to 250 V a.c. for single phase products and 130 V a.c. to 480 V a.c. for other products. The objective of this standard is to provide a method of test to determine the power consumption of a range of products in relevant low power modes (see 3.4), generally where the product is not in active mode (i.e. not performing a primary function). This standard does not specify safety requirements. It does not specify minimum performance requirements nor does it set maximum limits on power or energy consumption. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005 and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes from the previous edition are as follows:
- greater detail in set-up procedures and introduction of stability requirements for all measurement methods to ensure that results are as representative as possible;
- refinement of measurement uncertainty requirements for power measuring instruments, especially for more difficult loads with high crest factor and/or low power factor;
- updated guidance on product configuration, instrumentation and calculation of measurement uncertainty;
- inclusion of definitions for low power modes as requested by TC59 and use of these new definitions and more rigorous terminology throughout the standard;
- inclusion of specific test conditions where power consumption is affected by ambient illumination.

Appareils électrodomestiques - Mesure de la consommation en veille

La CEI 62301:2011 spécifie les méthodes de mesure de la consommation électrique en mode veille et dans d'autres modes faible puissance (mode arrêt et mode réseau), selon le cas. Elle s'applique aux produits électriques dont la tension assignée ou la plage de tensions est totalement ou partiellement comprise dans la plage de 100 V à 250 V, en courant alternatif, pour les produits monophasés et dans la plage de 130 V à 480 V, en courant alternatif, pour les autres produits. L'objet de cette norme est de fournir une méthode d'essai pour déterminer la consommation d'une gamme de produits dans les modes faible puissance correspondants (voir 3.4), généralement quand le produit n'est pas en mode actif (c'est-à-dire quand il n'effectue pas une fonction principale). La présente norme ne spécifie pas des exigences de sécurité. Elle ne précise pas les exigences d'aptitude à la fonction minimales et ne définit pas non plus les limites maximales de la consommation de puissance ou d'énergie. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2005, dont elle constitue une révision technique. Les principales modifications par rapport à l'édition précédente sont indiquées ci-après:
- les procédures sont plus détaillées et des exigences de stabilité ont été introduites pour toutes les méthodes de mesures dans le but d'obtenir des résultats aussi représentatifs que possible;
- les lignes directrices relatives à la configuration des produits, aux appareils de mesure et aux calculs des incertitudes de mesure ont été mises à jour;
- des conditions d'essai spécifiques pour les appareils dont la consommation d'énergie est affectée par la luminosité ambiante ont été introduites.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 26-Jan-2011
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 17.220.20 - Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
• ICS: 97.030 - Domestic electrical appliances in general
• Technical Committee: TC 59 - Performance of household and similar electrical appliances
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 27-Jan-2011
• Completion Date: 27-Jan-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62301
Edition 2.0 2011-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power
Appareils électrodomestiques – Mesure de la consommation en veille
IEC 62301:2011
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62301
Edition 2.0 2011-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power
Appareils électrodomestiques – Mesure de la consommation en veille
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX
ICS 17.220.20; 97.030 ISBN 978-2-88912-329-2
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – 62301  IEC:2011
CONTENTS

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 4

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 6

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 7

2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 7

3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................... 8

4 General conditions for measurements............................................................................. 10

4.1 General ................................................................................................................. 10

4.2 Test room .............................................................................................................. 10

4.3 Power supply ......................................................................................................... 10

4.3.1 Supply voltage and frequency .................................................................... 10

4.3.2 Supply voltage waveform ........................................................................... 11

4.4 Power measuring instruments ............................................................................... 11

4.4.1 Power measurement uncertainty ................................................................ 11

4.4.2 Power measurement frequency response .................................................. 12

4.4.3 Power measurement long term averaging requirement .............................. 12

5 Measurements ................................................................................................................ 13

5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 13

5.2 Preparation of product ........................................................................................... 13

5.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................. 14

5.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 14

5.3.2 Sampling method ....................................................................................... 14

5.3.3 Average reading method ............................................................................ 16

5.3.4 Direct meter reading method ..................................................................... 16

6 Test report...................................................................................................................... 17

6.1 Product details ...................................................................................................... 17

6.2 Test parameters .................................................................................................... 17

6.3 Measured data, for each product mode as applicable ............................................ 17

6.4 Test and laboratory details .................................................................................... 18

Annex A (informative) Guidance on modes and functions for selected product types ............ 19

Annex B (informative) Notes on the measurement of low power modes ................................ 26

Annex C (informative) Converting power values to energy ................................................... 34

Annex D (informative) Determination of uncertainty of measurement ................................... 36

Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 41

Figure A.1 – Circuit diagram images by type ......................................................................... 25

Figure B.1 – Connection arrangement for products powered directly from an a.c. power

supply for lower power loads ................................................................................................. 32

Figure B.2 – Connection arrangement for a product powered via an external power

supply for lower power loads ................................................................................................. 32

Figure B.3 – Connection arrangement for a product powered directly from the a.c. main

supply for higher power loads ............................................................................................... 33

Figure B.4 – Connection arrangement for a product powered via an external power

supply for higher power loads ............................................................................................... 33

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
62301  IEC:2011 – 3 –

Table 1 – Typical nominal electricity supply details for some regions .................................... 11

Table A.1 – Table of devices, their functions and their associated modes – for

guidance only ....................................................................................................................... 22

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – 62301  IEC:2011
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
MEASUREMENT OF STANDBY POWER
FOREWORD

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising

all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote

international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To

this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,

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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by

agreement between the two organizations.

2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international

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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is

indispensable for the correct application of this publication.

9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of

patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 62301 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 59:

Performance of household and similar electrical appliances.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005 and constitutes a

technical revision. The main changes from the previous edition are as follows:

– greater detail in set-up procedures and introduction of stability requirements for all

measurement methods to ensure that results are as representative as possible;

– refinement of measurement uncertainty requirements for power measuring instruments,

especially for more difficult loads with high crest factor and/or low power factor;

– updated guidance on product configuration, instrumentation and calculation of
measurement uncertainty;

– inclusion of definitions for low power modes as requested by TC59 and use of these new

definitions and more rigorous terminology throughout the standard;

– inclusion of specific test conditions where power consumption is affected by ambient

illumination.
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
62301  IEC:2011 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
59/555/FDIS 59/561/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on

voting indicated in the above table.

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3 Terms and definitions.

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until

the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data

related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – 62301  IEC:2011
INTRODUCTION

The methods defined in this standard are intended to cover low power modes. They are not

intended to be used to measure power consumption of products during active mode (also

called “on mode“), as these are generally covered by IEC or other product standards (see

Bibliography for some examples), although the measuring techniques, measurement

uncertainty determination and test equipment specifications could be adapted for such

measurements with careful review.
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
62301  IEC:2011 – 7 –
HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
MEASUREMENT OF STANDBY POWER
1 Scope

This International Standard specifies methods of measurement of electrical power consump-

tion in standby mode(s) and other low power modes (off mode and network mode), as

applicable. It is applicable to electrical products with a rated input voltage or voltage range

that lies wholly or partly in the range 100 V a.c. to 250 V a.c. for single phase products and

130 V a.c. to 480 V a.c. for other products.

The objective of this standard is to provide a method of test to determine the power

consumption of a range of products in relevant low power modes (see 3.4), generally where

the product is not in active mode (i.e. not performing a primary function).

NOTE 1 The measurement of energy consumption and performance of products during intended use are generally

specified in the relevant product standards and are not covered by this standard.

NOTE 2 The term “products” in this standard means energy using products such as household appliances or other

equipment within the scope of TC 59. However, the measurement methodology could be applied to other products.

NOTE 3 Where this International standard is referenced by performance standards or procedures, these should

define and name the relevant low power modes (see 3.4) to which this test procedure is applied.

NOTE 4 The inclusion of DC powered products within the scope of this standard is under consideration.

This standard does not specify safety requirements. It does not specify minimum performance

requirements nor does it set maximum limits on power or energy consumption.
2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.

For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition

of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 60050-131, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 131: Circuit theory

IEC 60050-300, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Electrical and electronic

measurements and measuring instruments – Part 311: General terms relating to measure-

ments – Part 312: General terms relating to electrical measurements – Part 313: Types of

electrical measuring instruments – Part 314: Specific terms according to the type of

instrument
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – 62301  IEC:2011
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions contained in IEC 60050-131 and

IEC 60050-300 as well as the following definitions apply.
3.1
function

a predetermined operation undertaken by the energy using product. Functions may be

controlled by an interaction of the user, of other technical systems, of the system itself, from

measurable inputs from the environment and/or time
In this standard, functions are grouped into 4 main types:
• user oriented secondary functions (see 3.6 - standby mode)
• network related secondary functions (see 3.7 - network mode)

• primary functions (see 3.8 - active mode, which is not the focus of this standard)

• other functions (these functions do not affect the mode classification).

NOTE A list of typical functions that may be found in products is included in Annex A. Accurate recording and

documentation of functions in the relevant product mode is a key element of documentation in this standard (see

6.3). Function types are generally classified as primary or secondary (remote, network, sensing and protective).

3.2
mode
a state that has no function, one function or a combination of functions present

NOTE 1 The low power mode categories in this standard are intended to provide guidance for the development

of specific mode definitions for TC59 products by the relevant subcommittees.

NOTE 2 Annex A provides guidance on expected modes found in various product configurations and designs

based on their circuitry and layout, but it does not define these modes. Annex A also provides background and

guidance to users of this International standard regarding the development of mode definitions for specific

products.

NOTE 3 See Annex C for examples of how to calculate total energy consumption from power measurements

where the duration of each relevant mode is known.
3.3
product mode

mode where the functions present, if any, and whether these are activated, depend on the

particular product configuration

NOTE The issue of devising appropriate names for product modes is a matter for the relevant product

committees. While a product mode name should generally reflect the functions that are activated, they need not

contain the terms “standby” or “network” even where the product mode falls within these mode categories.

3.4
low power mode
a product mode that falls into one of the following broad mode categories:
• off mode(s)
• standby mode(s)
• network mode(s)

NOTE 1 Low power modes are classified into one of the mode categories above (where applicable) on the basis

of the functions that are present and activated in each relevant mode. Where other functions are present in a

product mode (in addition to the ones required for the mode categories specified above), these functions do not

affect the mode classification.

NOTE 2 Low power mode categories are defined in order to provide guidance to users of this international

standard and to provide a consistent framework for the development of low power modes.

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
62301  IEC:2011 – 9 –

NOTE 3 Any transition that occurs between modes, either through user intervention or automatically, is not

considered to be a mode.

NOTE 4 Not all low power mode categories are present on all products. Some products may have more than one

product mode in each of the low power mode categories with different combination of functions activated. The

power consumption in each low power mode depends on the product design and the functions which are

activated in the particular product mode.
3.5
off mode(s)

any product modes where the energy using product is connected to a mains power source

and is not providing any standby mode, network mode or active mode function and where

the mode usually persists. An indicator that only shows the user that the product is in the off

position is included within the classification of off mode.
NOTE Guidance on modes and functions may be found in Annex A.
3.6
standby mode(s)

any product modes where the energy using product is connected to a mains power source

and offers one or more of the following user oriented or protective functions which usually

persist

• to facilitate the activation of other modes (including activation or deactivation of active

mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, timer;
• continuous function: information or status displays including clocks;
• continuous function: sensor-based functions

NOTE Guidance on modes and functions may be found in Annex A. A timer is a continuous clock function

(which may or may not be associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g. switching) and that

operates on a continuous basis.
3.7
network mode(s)

any product modes where the energy using product is connected to a mains power source

and at least one network function is activated (such as reactivation via network command or

network integrity communication) but where the primary function is not active

NOTE Where a network function is provided but is not active and/or not connected to a network, then this mode

is not applicable. A network function could become active intermittently according to a fixed schedule or in

response to a network requirement. A “network” in this context includes communication between two or more

separate independently powered devices or products. A network does not include one or more controls which are

dedicated to a single product. Network mode may include one or more standby functions.

3.8
active mode(s)

a product mode where the energy using product is connected to a mains power source and

at least one primary function is activated

NOTE The common terms “on”, “in-use” and “normal operation” also describe this mode.

3.9
disconnected mode

the state where all connections to mains power sources of the energy using product are

removed or interrupted

NOTE Common terms “unplugged” or “cut off from mains” also describe this mode. This mode is not part of the

low power mode category.
3.10
rated voltage
supply voltage (range) designated by the manufacturer
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – 62301  IEC:2011
3.11
rated frequency
supply frequency (range) designated by the manufacturer
3.12
instructions for use
information that is provided for users of the product

NOTE Instructions for use would include a user manual and may be in paper or electronic form. Instructions

for use do not include any special directions provided by the product supplier to the test laboratory especially for

testing purposes.
4 General conditions for measurements
4.1 General

Unless otherwise specified, measurements shall be made under the test conditions and with

measuring instruments specified in 4.2 to 4.4.
4.2 Test room

The tests shall be carried out in a room that has an air speed close to the product under test

of ≤0,5 m/s. The ambient temperature shall be maintained at (23 ± 5) °C throughout the test.

Where the product has an ambient light sensor that affects the power consumption, the test

shall be carried out with controlled ambient light conditions. Where the illuminance levels are

externally defined (in a test procedure or in the instructions for use), these values shall be

used. Where no illuminance levels are stated or defined, reference illuminance levels of

>300 lx and <10 lx shall be used.

Information on the method used to achieve the above illuminance levels, where relevant, shall

be recorded in the test report (see 6.3). Where values of illuminance are given, they shall be

measured as close to the product's light sensor as practical.

NOTE The measured power for some products and modes could be affected by the ambient conditions (e.g.

illuminance, temperature).
4.3 Power supply
4.3.1 Supply voltage and frequency

Where this standard is referenced by an external standard or regulation that specifies a test

voltage and frequency, the test voltage and frequency so defined shall be used for all tests.

Where the test voltage and frequency are not defined by an external standard, the test

voltage and the test frequency shall be the nominal voltage and the nominal frequency of the

country for which the measurement is being determined ±1 % (see Table 1).
NOTE A stabilised power supply may be required to meet these requirements.
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
62301  IEC:2011 – 11 –
Table 1 – Typical nominal electricity supply details for some regions
Country/Region Nominal voltage and frequency
Europe 230 V, 50 Hz
North America 115 V, 60 Hz
Japan 100 V, 50/60 Hz
China 220 V, 50 Hz
Australia and New Zealand 230 V, 50 Hz

Values are for single phase only. Some single phase supply voltages can be double the nominal voltage above

(centre transformer tap). The voltage between two phases of a three-phase system is 1,73 times single phase

values (e.g. 400 V for Europe). Thus these multiples of the listed nominal voltage are also the nominal voltage

for some products (e.g. ovens and clothes dryers) in some markets.

“50 Hz” is applicable for the Eastern part and “60 Hz” for the Western part, respectively.

4.3.2 Supply voltage waveform

The total harmonic content of the supply voltage when supplying the product under test in the

specified mode shall not exceed 2 % (up to and including the 13 harmonic); harmonic

content is defined as the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) summation of the individual components

using the fundamental as 100 %. The value of the harmonic content of the voltage supply

shall be recorded during the test and reported (see 6.3).

In addition to the above, the ratio of peak value to r.m.s. value of the test voltage (i.e. crest

factor) when supplying the product under test shall be between 1,34 and 1,49.

NOTE Power supplies meeting IEC 61000-3-2 are likely to meet the above requirements.

4.4 Power measuring instruments
NOTE Many power meters can also record harmonic content, as required by 4.3.2.
4.4.1 Power measurement uncertainty

This section covers the requirements for uncertainty introduced by the instrument that

measures the input power to the product under test, including any external shunts.

The maximum permitted uncertainty of measurement depends on the size of the load and the

characteristics of the load. The key characteristic of the load used to determine the maximum

permitted uncertainty is the Maximum Current Ratio (MCR), which is calculated as follows:

Crest Factor (CF)
Maximum Current Ratio (MCR) =
Power Factor (PF)
where

• the Crest Factor (CF) is the measured peak current drawn by the product divided by

the measured r.m.s. current drawn by the product;
• the Power Factor (PF) is a characterist
...