IEC 62665:2015
(Main)Multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-books technologies - Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
Multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-books technologies - Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
IEC 62665:2015 this International Standard specifies:
- a text encoding scheme to generate a texture map,
- a physical shape and dimension of the texture map for printing,
- additional features for texture map printing and
- a texture map decoding and an auditory presentation of decoded texts. These specifications enable the interchange of documents and publications between visually impaired and non-impaired people. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012 and constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition. Two different control codes are described by the different terms: "control codes for text" and "control codes for speech". Pack processing and LZSS processing are shown in their additional subclauses. An example of the header file "Speechio.h" is added. An example of error correction encoding is shown in additional Annex D.
Systèmes et appareils multimédias - Technologies de l'édition électronique multimédia et des livres électroniques - Carte de texture pour la présentation auditive de textes imprimés
L'IEC 62665:2015 spécifie
– un schéma de codage textuel pour la génération d'une carte de texture;
– la forme et les dimensions physiques de la carte de texture aux fins d'impression;
– des propriétés supplémentaires pour l'impression de la carte de texture;
– le décodage d'une carte de texture et la présentation auditive des textes décodés.
Ces spécifications permettent l'échange de documents et de publications entre des personnes avec et sans déficience visuelle.
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IEC 62665
®
Edition 2.0 2015-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Multimedia systems and equipment – Multimedia e-publishing and e-book
technologies –Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
IEC 62665:2015-12(en)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2015 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62665
®
Edition 2.0 2015-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Multimedia systems and equipment – Multimedia e-publishing and e-book
technologies –Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.160.60; 35.240.20; 35.240.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-3043-5
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Terms and definitions . 7
3 Texture map . 7
3.1 Names of elements . 7
3.2 Size and data volume. 9
3.3 Encoding scheme of a texture map from texts . 9
3.3.1 General . 9
3.3.2 Processing by SpeechioEncode function. 11
3.3.3 Processing by SpeechioSymbol function . 12
3.4 Decoding scheme of a texture map to texts . 13
3.5 Example of use of the functions . 15
4 Printing of texture map image . 16
4.1 General . 16
4.2 Size of image . 16
4.3 Position of the texture map and margin on paper . 16
Annex A (informative) Input processing (Japanese texts) . 19
A.1 General . 19
A.2 Removal of control codes for text . 19
A.3 Specification of particular pronunciation of Kanji . 19
A.4 Specification of voice properties . 19
Annex B (informative) Input processing (English texts) . 22
Annex C (informative) Notch, auditory presentation equipment, and etc. . 23
C.1 Notch to designate a texture map position. 23
C.2 Printing paper . 23
C.3 Printing and printer . 23
C.4 Copy . 24
C.5 Extension to a texture map . 24
C.6 Examples of auditory presentation equipment . 25
Annex D (informative) Example of Reed Solomon error correction encoding using Galois
field GF(2048) . 27
Bibliography . 42
Figure 1 – Shape and elements of a texture map . 8
Figure 2 – Process of generating texture map from texts . 10
Figure 3 – Process of text-decoding from texture map . 14
Figure 4 – Positioning of texture map and margin in paper . 17
Figure 5 – Example of texture map arrangement . 18
Figure C.1 – Notch to designate a texture map position . 23
Figure C.2 – A texture map with broken alignment lines on two sides . 24
Figure C.3 – A texture map with broken alignment lines on four sides . 24
TM
Figure C.4 – An example of auditory presentation equipment: Speechio . 25
TM
Figure C.5 – Another example of auditory presentation equipment: Speechio Plus . 26
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 3 –
Table 1 – Sizes and data volume of texture maps . 9
Table 2 – Size of printed texture map. 16
Table A.1 – Control codes for speech . 20
Table A.2 – Characters (character strings) for identifying the end of a sentence . 21
Table B.1 – Characters (character strings) for identifying the end of a sentence . 22
Table B.2 – Abbreviation or acronym with ".". 22
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– 4 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
MULTIMEDIA E-PUBLISHING AND E-BOOK TECHNOLOGIES –
TEXTURE MAP FOR AUDITORY PRESENTATION OF PRINTED TEXTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
International Standard IEC 62665 has been prepared by technical area 10: Multimedia
e-publishing and e-book technologies, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and
multimedia systems and equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012 and constitutes a
technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition.
a) Two different control codes are described by the different terms: "control codes for text" and
"control codes for speech".
b) Pack processing and LZSS processing are shown in their additional subclauses.
c) An example of the header file "Speechio.h" is added.
d) An example of error correction encoding is shown in additional Annex D.
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/2431/CDV 100/2507/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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– 6 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
INTRODUCTION
Information interchange via printed documents between blind or visually impaired people has
been carried out by using Braille. However, in order to be able to read Braille, particular tuition
is required. Learning Braille is very difficult for aged as well as visually non-impaired people.
Printed documents with texts and text-encoded texture maps can be interchanged by ordinary
circulation or publication mechanisms. They are readable as ordinary printed materials and
comprehensible by blind or visually impaired people with the support of decoding and auditory
presentation equipment.
Today, interchanging of printed documents has become wide-spread and international. The
text-encoding scheme to generate a texture map should therefore be standardized at an
international level.
Patent
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed
that compliance with this document may involve the use of patents as listed below:
PATENT No. 3499220 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4439756 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4744745 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4772631 (Japan)
IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.
The holder of these patent rights has assured the IEC that he/she is willing to negotiate licences
either free of charge or under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with
applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of these patent
rights is registered with IEC. Information may be obtained from:
Original Design Inc.
4-16-2 Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku
Tokyo 171-0014 Japan
Kosaido Co., Ltd.
4-6-12 Shiba, Minato-ku
Tokyo 108-8378 Japan
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights other than those identified above. IEC shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO (www.iso.org/patents) and IEC (http://patents.iec.ch) maintain on-line data bases of
patents relevant to their standards. Users are encouraged to consult the data bases for the most
up to data information concerning patents.
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 7 –
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
MULTIMEDIA E-PUBLISHING AND E-BOOK TECHNOLOGIES –
TEXTURE MAP FOR AUDITORY PRESENTATION OF PRINTED TEXTS
1 Scope
In order to generate a texture map for auditory presentation of printed text information, this
International Standard specifies
– a text encoding scheme to generate a texture map,
– a physical shape and dimension of the texture map for printing,
– additional features for texture map printing,
– texture map decoding and an auditory presentation of decoded texts.
These specifications enable the interchange of documents and publications between visually
impaired and non-impaired people.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
texture map
two dimensional cell patterns which include alignment lines and a data matrix which is generated
from text data compression and error correction encoding
2.2
auditory presentation equipment
equipment including an engine to carry out a text-to-speech
3 Texture map
3.1 Names of elements
A shape and names of a texture map are indicated in Figure 1. The shape represents the M size
in Table 1.
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– 8 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
Cell: The minimum square element which constitutes a texture map
(square dot shown in the red circle)
Unit: Square area which consists of 11 × 11 cells in
a texture map
Data matrix: Two dimensional cell patterns generated
from encoded text data
Alignment line: A border line which encloses a texture map.
An alignment line consists of solid lines and tick marks.
The solid lines have a cell's width and may partially be interrupted
IEC
Figure 1 – Shape and elements of a texture map
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 9 –
3.2 Size and data volume
Texture maps have four sizes: XS, S, M and L. The corresponding data volumes are shown in
Table 1.
Table 1 – Sizes and data volume of texture maps
Size Number of Number of Dimensions at Error Data volume
cells units printing correction (Double byte
level characters)
mm
strong 41
XS medium 48
40 × 40 3 × 3 6,8 × 6,8
weak 51
strong 250
S medium 298
73 × 73 6 × 6 12,4 × 12,4
weak 329
strong 651
M medium 768
106 × 106 9 × 9 17,9 × 17,9
weak 840
strong 793
L medium 921
117 × 117 10 × 10 19,8 × 19,8
weak 1 027
NOTE 1 Number of cells: Cells including alignment line.
1
NOTE 2 Dimensions at printing: Dimensions of a BMP (bitmap) image created by the SpeechioSymbol function
(see 3.3.2.2) at printing with 600 dpi resolution.
NOTE 3 Error correction: One of the 3 levels of error correction: strong, medium and weak, is specified by the
SpeechioEncode function at encoding texts to a texture map.
NOTE 4 Data volume: The values in this table depend on a compression of text data.
3.3 Encoding scheme of a texture map from texts
3.3.1 General
The process of generating a texture map from texts is shown in Figure 2. The SpeechioEncode
function encodes input texts to create cell data that are stored in a buffer called bit string. Then,
the SpeechioSymbol function processes the buffered cell data to generate image data of a
texture map.
______________
TM
1
Speechio is the trade mark of a product supplied by KOSAIDO Co., Ltd.
This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by
IEC of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
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– 10 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
(Composition elements of a printed matter）
Texts Photograph Figure Illustration, etc
Texts for explanation of contents
Input texts
Input processing
(reduction of control
codes for text)
Data Compression
(Pack and LZSS processing)
Speechio
Encode
function Error correction (Reed Solomon error correction)
Data matrix
Alignment line
insertion
Cell data
Speechio
Symbol
function
Texture map
IEC
Figure 2 – Process of generating texture map from texts
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 11 –
3.3.2 Processing by SpeechioEncode function
3.3.2.1 Input processing
Input texts represented by Shift JIS code (JIS X 0208) are processed to remove the control
codes for text: 0x01 through 0x08, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0e through 0x1f and 0x7f (hexadecimal
representation). Input text data are delimited by 0x00.
Some control codes for speech are added in the input processing. See Annex A.
3.3.2.2 Data compression
The input processed text data are compressed by pack and LZSS processing, as follows.
a) Pack processing
2-byte codes of Katakana and other characters are converted to the corresponding 1-byte codes.
The sequence of the codes converted from 2-byte Katakana or other characters is identified by
the Katakana mode identifier SO(0x0e) or default mode identifier SUB(0x1a)) respectively, at
the beginning of the sequence. The sequence of the 1-byte code of Hankaku characters is
identified by the Hankaku mode identifier SI(0x0f) at the beginning of the sequence.
b) LZSS processing
The LZSS algorithm with slide dictionary of 1 024-byte length is employed. Character codes are
processed byte by byte and stored in the output buffer from the MSB of the first byte. When the
last byte of the output buffer has unused bits, they will be filled with “0”.
The position and length of matched characters are indicated by the preceding 2 bits “10”, and
10 bits unsigned integer of the offset from the beginning of slide dictionary and 3 bits unsigned
integer of the actual length minus 2.
3.3.2.3 Error correction
The Reed Solomon error correction using Galois field GF(2 048) is employed. An example of the
error correction encoding is shown in Annex D.
3.3.2.4 Data matrix
The error corrected data are allocated into units consists of 11 × 11 cells to configure a data
matrix.
3.3.2.5 Alignment line insertion
Alignment lines are inserted to the data matrix to create cell data, which show the values of cells
(“0” (0x30) for white cell, “1” (0x31) for black cell) from the top left to the bottom right of a texture
map. The cell data are stored in a buffer called bit string.
3.3.2.6 SpeechioEncode function
The SpeechioEncode function is shown below.
SpeechioEncode
short__stdcall SpeechioEncode(
char data_type[],
char cell_type[],
char recover_level[],
char copyright[],
short data_size,
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– 12 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
unsigned char data_code[],
char path_name[],
unsigned char bit_string[]
);
Functionarity
Encoding of input texts
Argument value
data_type
Type of text data
=”T” (Japanese text, shift-JIS), ”E” (English text, ascii)
cell_type
Size of texture map
="s"(XS)/="S"(S)/="m"(M)/="M"(L)
recover_level
Strength of error correction
="S"(strong)/="N"(medium)/="P"(weak)
NOTE "N"(medium)is recommended for ordinary printing quality of a texture map. For poor
printing quality, "S"(strong) is required.
data_size
Byte number of input data
data_code
Input data
bit_string
Buffer for encoded data
NOTE The area for the buffer has to be reserved for the calling side.
Returned value
>0 Normal end: encode data put away to bit_string
=0 Error: failure of encoding
<0 Data volume over: =(byte number of over flow) ×-1)
3.3.3 Processing by SpeechioSymbol function
3.3.3.1 Generation of bitmap image
The cell data stored in a buffer called bit string are processed to create a texture map where a
cell is configured with 4 × 4 pixels.
3.3.3.2 SpeechioSymbol function
The SpeechioSymbol function is shown below.
SpeechioSymbol
short __stdcall SpeechioSymbol(
short col,
short row,
unsigned char symbol_data[]
);
Functionality
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 13 –
Generating (symbolizing) a texture map from encoded data.
Argument value
col
Number of cells for horizontal symbol
=40(XS)/=73(S)/=106(M)/=117(L)
Row
Number of cells for vertical symbol
=40(XS)/=73(S)/=106(M)/=117(L)
symbol_data
Designated bit_string generated by SpeechioEncode function
Returned value
=0 Normal end
<0 Error
3.4 Decoding scheme of a texture map to texts
The process of generating texts from a texture map is shown in Figure 3.
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– 14 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
(Printed matter with texture map)
Texture map
Image capture
Recognition of
alignment line
Recognition of data
matrix
Error correction
(Reed-Solomon error decoding)
decoding
Compression data
(LZSS decompression decoding)
decoding
Decoded texts
IEC
Figure 3 – Process of text-decoding from texture map
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 15 –
3.5 Example of use of the functions
As an example of use of SpeechioEncode and SpeechioSymbol functions, Windows library
"Speechio dll" with the API funcions is shown. The Speechio dll (200 KB) can be downloaded at
http://www.y-adagio.com/public/committees/iec_tc100_ags/data/IEC62665/Speechio.dll
/***************************************************************
*
* Example of use of SpeechioEncode and SpeechioSymbol functions
* Link to Speechio.lib file. “Speechio.dll” is allocated to a
* given/transmitted holder (system holder or program holder)
*
*****************************************************************************/
#include
#include
#include "Speechio.h"/* declaration of function prototype, header of
definitional
SP_MAX_BIT_SIZE */
int main(void){
unsigned char text[] = " example of generated texture map";
/* input text data */
unsigned char bit_str[SP_MAX_BIT_SIZE];/* bit_string buffer */
short rc;/*variables of returned value of function*/
/* encoding process/*
rc = SpeechioEncode( "T", "m", "N", "", (short)strlen(text), text, "",
bit_str);
if(rc <= 0){
if(rc == 0)
printf( "failure of encoding process\n");
else if(rc < 0)
printf( "%hd byte over\n”, -rc)
return 1;
}
/* process of generating texture map image /*
rc = SpeechioSymbol(106, 106, bit_str);
if(rc < 0){
printf("failure of image generating process\n");
return 1;
}
printf("texture map image is transferred to clipboard\n");
return 0;
}
Example of the description of header file "Speechio.h" is shown below:
/**************************************************************
* Speechio.h
*************************************************************************/
#defineMAX_DATA_SIZE 4096/* max length of data_code */
#defineMAX_BIT_SIZE19600/* max length of bit_string */
short __stdcall SpeechioEncode(
char data_type[],
char cell_type[],
char recover_level[],
char copyright[],
---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
– 16 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
short data_size,
unsigned char data_code[],
char path_name[],
unsigned char bit_string[]
);
short __stdcall SpeechioSymbol(
short col,
short row,
unsigned char symbol_data[]
);
/*
-----------------------------------------------------------------
SpeechioEncode
Encodes input texts to create cell data.
SpeechioSymbol
Creates bit image of a texture map and forward it to clipboard.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
*/
4 Printing of texture map image
4.1 General
It is necessary to print a texture map at an appropriate position with a correct size on paper,
because an auditory presentation equipment reads the texture map at a fixed position.
4.2 Size of image
Cells are composed of 4 × 4 pixels of the texture map BMP (bitmap) image. An auditory
presentation equipment is designed to read a texture map printed on paper with a 600 dpi
resolution. The image size of the texture map printed with a 600 dpi on paper is shown in
Table 2.
Table 2 – Size of printed texture map
Size when converted to 600 dpi
Size Number of cell
mm
XS 40 × 40 40 × 4 × 25,4 / 600 = 6,77
S 73 × 73 73 × 4 × 25,4 / 600 = 12,36
M
106 × 106 106 × 4 × 25,4 / 600 = 17,95
L
117 × 117 117 × 4 × 25,4 / 600 = 19,81
In case of a higher image resolution, the size of printing of the texture map image shall be the
same as shown in Table 2.
4.3 Position of the texture map and margin on paper
The texture map shall be printed in an appropriate position. When using a camera scanner as
shown in Figure C.5, the position is less critical.
The texture map is normally positioned at the bottom right. Regardless of the size of the texture
map, the centre position shal
...
IEC 62665
®
Edition 1.0 2015-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Multimedia systems and equipment – Multimedia e-publishing and e-book
technologies –Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
Systèmes et appareils multimédias – Technologies de l'édition électronique
multimédia et des livres électroniques – Carte de texture pour la présentation
auditive de textes imprimés
IEC 62665:2015-12(en-fr)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2015 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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IEC 62665
®
Edition 2.0 2015-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Multimedia systems and equipment – Multimedia e-publishing and e-book
technologies –Texture map for auditory presentation of printed texts
Systèmes et appareils multimédias – Technologies de l'édition électronique
multimédia et des livres électroniques – Carte de texture pour la présentation
auditive de textes imprimés
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.160.60; 35.240.20; 35.240.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-1036-6
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Terms and definitions . 7
3 Texture map . 7
3.1 Names of elements . 7
3.2 Size and data volume. 9
3.3 Encoding scheme of a texture map from texts . 9
3.3.1 General . 9
3.3.2 Processing by SpeechioEncode function. 11
3.3.3 Processing by SpeechioSymbol function . 12
3.4 Decoding scheme of a texture map to texts . 13
3.5 Example of use of the functions . 15
4 Printing of texture map image . 16
4.1 General . 16
4.2 Size of image . 16
4.3 Position of the texture map and margin on paper . 16
Annex A (informative) Input processing (Japanese texts) . 19
A.1 General . 19
A.2 Removal of control codes for text . 19
A.3 Specification of particular pronunciation of Kanji . 19
A.4 Specification of voice properties . 19
Annex B (informative) Input processing (English texts) . 22
Annex C (informative) Notch, auditory presentation equipment, and etc. . 23
C.1 Notch to designate a texture map position. 23
C.2 Printing paper . 23
C.3 Printing and printer . 23
C.4 Copy . 24
C.5 Extension to a texture map . 24
C.6 Examples of auditory presentation equipment . 25
Annex D (informative) Example of Reed Solomon error correction encoding using Galois
field GF(2048) . 27
Bibliography . 42
Figure 1 – Shape and elements of a texture map . 8
Figure 2 – Process of generating texture map from texts . 10
Figure 3 – Process of text-decoding from texture map . 14
Figure 4 – Positioning of texture map and margin in paper . 17
Figure 5 – Example of texture map arrangement . 18
Figure C.1 – Notch to designate a texture map position . 23
Figure C.2 – A texture map with broken alignment lines on two sides . 24
Figure C.3 – A texture map with broken alignment lines on four sides . 24
TM
Figure C.4 – An example of auditory presentation equipment: Speechio . 25
TM
Figure C.5 – Another example of auditory presentation equipment: Speechio Plus . 26
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 3 –
Table 1 – Sizes and data volume of texture maps . 9
Table 2 – Size of printed texture map. 16
Table A.1 – Control codes for speech . 20
Table A.2 – Characters (character strings) for identifying the end of a sentence . 21
Table B.1 – Characters (character strings) for identifying the end of a sentence . 22
Table B.2 – Abbreviation or acronym with ".". 22
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– 4 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
MULTIMEDIA E-PUBLISHING AND E-BOOK TECHNOLOGIES –
TEXTURE MAP FOR AUDITORY PRESENTATION OF PRINTED TEXTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
International Standard IEC 62665 has been prepared by technical area 10: Multimedia
e-publishing and e-book technologies, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and
multimedia systems and equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012 and constitutes a
technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition.
a) Two different control codes are described by the different terms: "control codes for text" and
"control codes for speech".
b) Pack processing and LZSS processing are shown in their additional subclauses.
c) An example of the header file "Speechio.h" is added.
d) An example of error correction encoding is shown in additional Annex D.
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/2431/CDV 100/2507/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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– 6 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
INTRODUCTION
Information interchange via printed documents between blind or visually impaired people has
been carried out by using Braille. However, in order to be able to read Braille, particular tuition
is required. Learning Braille is very difficult for aged as well as visually non-impaired people.
Printed documents with texts and text-encoded texture maps can be interchanged by ordinary
circulation or publication mechanisms. They are readable as ordinary printed materials and
comprehensible by blind or visually impaired people with the support of decoding and auditory
presentation equipment.
Today, interchanging of printed documents has become wide-spread and international. The
text-encoding scheme to generate a texture map should therefore be standardized at an
international level.
Patent
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed
that compliance with this document may involve the use of patents as listed below:
PATENT No. 3499220 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4439756 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4744745 (Japan)
PATENT No. 4772631 (Japan)
IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.
The holder of these patent rights has assured the IEC that he/she is willing to negotiate licences
either free of charge or under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with
applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of these patent
rights is registered with IEC. Information may be obtained from:
Original Design Inc.
4-16-2 Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku
Tokyo 171-0014 Japan
Kosaido Co., Ltd.
4-6-12 Shiba, Minato-ku
Tokyo 108-8378 Japan
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights other than those identified above. IEC shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO (www.iso.org/patents) and IEC (http://patents.iec.ch) maintain on-line data bases of
patents relevant to their standards. Users are encouraged to consult the data bases for the most
up to data information concerning patents.
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 7 –
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
MULTIMEDIA E-PUBLISHING AND E-BOOK TECHNOLOGIES –
TEXTURE MAP FOR AUDITORY PRESENTATION OF PRINTED TEXTS
1 Scope
In order to generate a texture map for auditory presentation of printed text information, this
International Standard specifies
– a text encoding scheme to generate a texture map,
– a physical shape and dimension of the texture map for printing,
– additional features for texture map printing,
– texture map decoding and an auditory presentation of decoded texts.
These specifications enable the interchange of documents and publications between visually
impaired and non-impaired people.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
texture map
two dimensional cell patterns which include alignment lines and a data matrix which is generated
from text data compression and error correction encoding
2.2
auditory presentation equipment
equipment including an engine to carry out a text-to-speech
3 Texture map
3.1 Names of elements
A shape and names of a texture map are indicated in Figure 1. The shape represents the M size
in Table 1.
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– 8 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
Cell: The minimum square element which constitutes a texture map
(square dot shown in the red circle)
Unit: Square area which consists of 11 × 11 cells in
a texture map
Data matrix: Two dimensional cell patterns generated
from encoded text data
Alignment line: A border line which encloses a texture map.
An alignment line consists of solid lines and tick marks.
The solid lines have a cell's width and may partially be interrupted
IEC
Figure 1 – Shape and elements of a texture map
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 9 –
3.2 Size and data volume
Texture maps have four sizes: XS, S, M and L. The corresponding data volumes are shown in
Table 1.
Table 1 – Sizes and data volume of texture maps
Size Number of Number of Dimensions at Error Data volume
cells units printing correction (Double byte
level characters)
mm
strong 41
XS medium 48
40 × 40 3 × 3 6,8 × 6,8
weak 51
strong 250
S 73 × 73 6 × 6 12,4 × 12,4 medium 298
weak 329
strong 651
M 106 × 106 9 × 9 17,9 × 17,9 medium 768
weak 840
strong 793
L 117 × 117 10 × 10 19,8 × 19,8 medium 921
weak 1 027
NOTE 1 Number of cells: Cells including alignment line.
1
NOTE 2 Dimensions at printing: Dimensions of a BMP (bitmap) image created by the SpeechioSymbol function
(see 3.3.2.2) at printing with 600 dpi resolution.
NOTE 3 Error correction: One of the 3 levels of error correction: strong, medium and weak, is specified by the
SpeechioEncode function at encoding texts to a texture map.
NOTE 4 Data volume: The values in this table depend on a compression of text data.
3.3 Encoding scheme of a texture map from texts
3.3.1 General
The process of generating a texture map from texts is shown in Figure 2. The SpeechioEncode
function encodes input texts to create cell data that are stored in a buffer called bit string. Then,
the SpeechioSymbol function processes the buffered cell data to generate image data of a
texture map.
______________
TM
1
Speechio is the trade mark of a product supplied by KOSAIDO Co., Ltd.
This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by
IEC of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
(Composition elements of a printed matter）
Texts Photograph Figure Illustration, etc
Texts for explanation of contents
Input texts
Input processing
(reduction of control
codes for text)
Data Compression
(Pack and LZSS processing)
Speechio
Encode
Error correction (Reed Solomon error correction)
function
Data matrix
Alignment line
insertion
Cell data
Speechio
Symbol
function
Texture map
IEC
Figure 2 – Process of generating texture map from texts
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 11 –
3.3.2 Processing by SpeechioEncode function
3.3.2.1 Input processing
Input texts represented by Shift JIS code (JIS X 0208) are processed to remove the control
codes for text: 0x01 through 0x08, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0e through 0x1f and 0x7f (hexadecimal
representation). Input text data are delimited by 0x00.
Some control codes for speech are added in the input processing. See Annex A.
3.3.2.2 Data compression
The input processed text data are compressed by pack and LZSS processing, as follows.
a) Pack processing
2-byte codes of Katakana and other characters are converted to the corresponding 1-byte codes.
The sequence of the codes converted from 2-byte Katakana or other characters is identified by
the Katakana mode identifier SO(0x0e) or default mode identifier SUB(0x1a)) respectively, at
the beginning of the sequence. The sequence of the 1-byte code of Hankaku characters is
identified by the Hankaku mode identifier SI(0x0f) at the beginning of the sequence.
b) LZSS processing
The LZSS algorithm with slide dictionary of 1 024-byte length is employed. Character codes are
processed byte by byte and stored in the output buffer from the MSB of the first byte. When the
last byte of the output buffer has unused bits, they will be filled with “0”.
The position and length of matched characters are indicated by the preceding 2 bits “10”, and
10 bits unsigned integer of the offset from the beginning of slide dictionary and 3 bits unsigned
integer of the actual length minus 2.
3.3.2.3 Error correction
The Reed Solomon error correction using Galois field GF(2 048) is employed. An example of the
error correction encoding is shown in Annex D.
3.3.2.4 Data matrix
The error corrected data are allocated into units consists of 11 × 11 cells to configure a data
matrix.
3.3.2.5 Alignment line insertion
Alignment lines are inserted to the data matrix to create cell data, which show the values of cells
(“0” (0x30) for white cell, “1” (0x31) for black cell) from the top left to the bottom right of a texture
map. The cell data are stored in a buffer called bit string.
3.3.2.6 SpeechioEncode function
The SpeechioEncode function is shown below.
SpeechioEncode
short__stdcall SpeechioEncode(
char data_type[],
char cell_type[],
char recover_level[],
char copyright[],
short data_size,
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– 12 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
unsigned char data_code[],
char path_name[],
unsigned char bit_string[]
);
Functionarity
Encoding of input texts
Argument value
data_type
Type of text data
=”T” (Japanese text, shift-JIS), ”E” (English text, ascii)
cell_type
Size of texture map
="s"(XS)/="S"(S)/="m"(M)/="M"(L)
recover_level
Strength of error correction
="S"(strong)/="N"(medium)/="P"(weak)
NOTE "N"(medium)is recommended for ordinary printing quality of a texture map. For poor
printing quality, "S"(strong) is required.
data_size
Byte number of input data
data_code
Input data
bit_string
Buffer for encoded data
NOTE The area for the buffer has to be reserved for the calling side.
Returned value
>0 Normal end: encode data put away to bit_string
=0 Error: failure of encoding
<0 Data volume over: =(byte number of over flow) ×-1)
3.3.3 Processing by SpeechioSymbol function
3.3.3.1 Generation of bitmap image
The cell data stored in a buffer called bit string are processed to create a texture map where a
cell is configured with 4 × 4 pixels.
3.3.3.2 SpeechioSymbol function
The SpeechioSymbol function is shown below.
SpeechioSymbol
short __stdcall SpeechioSymbol(
short col,
short row,
unsigned char symbol_data[]
);
Functionality
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 13 –
Generating (symbolizing) a texture map from encoded data.
Argument value
col
Number of cells for horizontal symbol
=40(XS)/=73(S)/=106(M)/=117(L)
Row
Number of cells for vertical symbol
=40(XS)/=73(S)/=106(M)/=117(L)
symbol_data
Designated bit_string generated by SpeechioEncode function
Returned value
=0 Normal end
<0 Error
3.4 Decoding scheme of a texture map to texts
The process of generating texts from a texture map is shown in Figure 3.
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
– 14 – IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015
(Printed matter with texture map)
Texture map
Image capture
Recognition of
alignment line
Recognition of data
matrix
Error correction
(Reed-Solomon error decoding)
decoding
Compression data
(LZSS decompression decoding)
decoding
Decoded texts
IEC
Figure 3 – Process of text-decoding from texture map
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IEC 62665:2015 © IEC 2015 – 15 –
3.5 Example of use of the functions
As an example of use of SpeechioEncode and SpeechioSymbol functions, Windows library
"Speechio dll" with the API funcions is shown. The Speechio dll (200 KB) can be downloaded at
http://www.y-adagio.com/public/committees/iec_tc100_ags/data/IEC62665/Speechio.dll
/***************************************************************
*
* Example of use of SpeechioEncode and SpeechioSymbol functions
* Link to Speechio.lib file. “Speechio.dll” is allocated to a
* given/transmitted holder (system holder or program holder)
*
*****************************************************************************/
#include
#include
#include "Speechio.h"/* declaration of function prototype, header of
definitional
SP_MAX_BIT_SIZE */
int main(void){
unsigned char text[] = " example of generated texture map";
/* input text data */
unsigned char bit_str[SP_MAX_BIT_SIZE];/* bit_string buffer */
short rc;/*variables of returned value of function*/
/* encoding process/*
rc = SpeechioEncode( "T", "m", "N", "", (short)strlen(text), text, "",
bit_str);
if(rc <= 0){
if(rc == 0)
printf( "failure of encoding process\n");
else if(rc < 0)
printf( "%hd byte over\n”, -rc)
return 1;
}
/* process of generating texture map image /*
rc =
...
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