ISO/IEC TR 15067-3:2000
(Main)Information technology - Home Electronic System (HES) application model - Part 3: Model of an energy management system for HES
Information technology - Home Electronic System (HES) application model - Part 3: Model of an energy management system for HES
This model of an energy management system for residences extends the set of HES (Home Electronic System) application models. Models for lighting and security have already been developed and accepted. These models should facilitate the validation of the language specified for HES in ISO/IEC 15067-1. These models have been developed to foster interoperability among products from competing or complementary manufacturers. Product interoperability is essential when using home control standards, such as HES. This document defines a typical security system and describes the communications services needed. A high-level model for an energy management system using HES is presented. The model for energy management presented in this Technical Report is generic and representative of a wide range of situations. It accommodates a range of load control strategies.
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Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/IEC
REPORT
TR 15067-3
First edition
2000-10
Information technology –
Home Electronic System (HES) application model –
Part 3:
Model of an energy management system
for HES
Reference number
TECHNICAL ISO/IEC
REPORT – TYPE 3
TR 15067-3
First edition
2000-10
Information technology –
Home Electronic System (HES) application model –
Part 3:
Model of an energy management system
for HES
ISO/IEC 2000
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– 2 – TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E)
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION .5
Clause
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
3 Abbreviations. 6
4 The Evolution of energy management . 6
5 Load control. 7
5.1 Responding to pricing . 7
5.2 Local control . 7
5.3 Direct control . 7
5.4 Distributed control. 8
6 Value-added services. 9
7 The utility gateway. 10
8 The HES energy management model . 11
8.1 Logical and physical models . 11
8.2 Energy management use cases . 13
8.2.1 Structure of use cases . 13
8.2.2 Case 1: Local control . 13
8.2.3 Case 2: Direct control . 14
8.2.4 Case 3: Direct control with supervision. 15
8.2.5 Case 4: Distributed control. 16
8.2.6 Case 5: Advanced distributed control . 17
8.3 Case 6: Distributed control for intelligent appliances. 18
8.3.1 Case 7: Utility telemetry services . 19
8.4 HES messages for energy management . 20
8.4.1 HES messages overview. 20
8.4.2 HES message list. 20
9 Suggestions for the HES application language . 23
Figure 1 – A Distributed load control example . 9
Figure 2 – EPRI Customer communications gateway. 10
Figure 3 – Physical HES energy management model. 11
Figure 4 – Logical model for HES energy management . 11
Figure 5 – Logical model of minimal HES energy management. 12
Figure 6 – Case 1: Physical model . 13
Figure 7 – Case 1: Logical model . 13
Figure 8 – Case 2: Physical model . 14
Figure 9 – Case 2: Logical model . 14
Figure 10 – Case 3: Physical model . 15
TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E) – 3 –
Figure 11 – Case 3: Logical model . 15
Figure 12 – Energy management controller parameters. 16
Figure 13 – Case 7: Physical model . 19
Figure 14 – Case 7: Logical model . 19
– 4 – TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY –
HOME ELECTRONIC SYSTEM (HES) APPLICATION MODEL –
Part 3: Model of an energy management system for HES
FOREWORD
1) ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) form
the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the
respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees
collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental,
in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
2) In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national
bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national
bodies casting a vote.
3) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Report may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC and ISO technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
report of one of the following types:
• type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an
International Standard, despite repeated efforts;
• type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other
reason, there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an
International Standard;
• type 3, when the technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which
is normally published as an International Standard, for example ‘state of the art’.
Technical reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication to
decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical reports of
type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be
no longer valid or useful.
ISO/IEC 15067-3, which is a technical report of type 3, was prepared by subcommittee 25:
Interconnection of information technology equipment, of ISO/IEC joint technical committee 1:
Information technology.
This publication was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC directives, Part 3.
This document is not to be regarded as an International Standard. Comments on the content
of this document should be sent to IEC Central Office.
ISO/IEC 15067 currently consists of four parts:
Part 1: Application services and protocol (under consideraton)
Part 2: Lighting model for HES
Part 3: Model of an energy management system for HES
Part 4: Model of a security system for HES (under consideration)
TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E) – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
This model of an energy management system for residences extends the set of HES (Home
Electronic System) application models. Models for lighting and security have already been
developed and accepted. These models should facilitate the validation of the language
specified for HES in ISO/IEC 15067-1.
These models have been developed to foster interoperability among products from competing
or complementary manufacturers. Product interoperability is essential when using home
control standards, such as HES. This document defines a typical security system and
describes the communications services needed. A high-level model for an energy
management system using HES is presented.
ISO and IEC would appreciate comments by developers of energy management systems
regarding possible enhancements to this model.
– 6 – TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY –
HOME ELECTRONIC SYSTEM (HES) APPLICATION MODEL –
Part 3: Model of an energy management system for HES
1 Scope
The model for energy management presented in this Technical Report is generic and
representative of a wide range of situations. Since one model cannot be completely
comprehensive other models or operating modes may be more appropriate for certain
applications.
This model for energy management accommodates a range of load control strategies.
Examples of implementations that could be described with this model include:
– the CELECT Intelligent Load Management System in the United Kingdom. The utility
transmits electricity cost data and forecasted outdoor air temperatures to residential
heater controllers;
– the “bleu, blanc, rouge” technique used by Electricité de France to announce price tiers
one day in advance. The tier signal is displayed using a blue, white or red light to alert the
customer;
– real-time pricing experiments by Consolidated Edison of New York and by Pacific Gas and
Electric, both in the United States.
2 Reference documents
ISO/IEC 15067-1: Information technology – Home Electronic System (HES) Application Model
– Part 1: Application Services and Protocol (under consideration)
3 Abbreviations
DSM Demand-Side Management
EPRI Electric Power Research Institute (Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.)
4 Evolution of energy management
Electricity consumption patterns have high peaks. During weather extremes of heat and cold
the demand for electricity rises sharply. In the United States the average rate of power
generation is only about 46 % of the peak generation that occurs during these situations.
Ideally, the utilities would like to maintain the supply of electricity sufficiently high to meet any
demand. This has been achieved in some regions of developed countries. However, this is
becoming less practical because of public pressure and government rules. Therefore, utilities
have developed many methods of Demand-Side Management (DSM) for influencing the
demand to match the available supply.
DSM tools enable utilities to modify the cumulative demand for energy, known as the load
shape when plotted over a one-day interval. Utilities have developed a variety of DSM
programs to manipulate the load shape. Different programs have different load shape goals,
with the majority intended for peak clipping.
TR 15067-3 © ISO/IEC:2000(E) – 7 –
DSM programs initially focused on providing incentives for using electricity more efficiently.
Customer cooperation may be obtained by offering a financial incentive, such as an up-front
rebate, a loan guarantee, a lower rate for electricity, or free energy efficient planning and
evaluation services. Some programs offer rebates for switching from tungsten to fluorescent
lights, for adding building insulation, and for purchasing energy efficient appliances.
Utilities have developed more deterministic methods for influencing the demand through load
control. The more innovative methods of load control depend on market forces for exerting
control by varying the price of electricity. In the United States, almost 20 million customers out
of a total of 130 million participate in some DSM program. About 30 % of these programs are
load control.
5 Load control
5.1 Responding to pricing
In North America electricity traditionally has been sold at a flat rate or a volume-sensitive rate.
New pricing schemes are adding time as a factor. Time-of-use rates vary the price according
to the time of day. Typically, on-peak and off-peak rates are announced. The hours for each
rate are fixed for each day, or at least for work days, similar to telephone rates. Rates that
change dynamically with one-day or even no advance notice constitute real-time pricing.
Most load control programs by utilities have been limited to local control and direct control.
However, the most innovative load control uses a combination called distributed control.
These varieties of DSM help users respond effectively to utility price variations.
5.2 Local control
The utility publishes an electricity tariff that has between two and four different rates
depending on the time of day. Customers with time-of-use pricing for electricity are
encouraged to operate heavy power consuming appliances at off peak pricing times. In order
to maximize the savings, the customer must know the rates, know the power requirements of
the appliance, and know the cost of operating the appliance. Then the customer can decide if
it is convenient to defer the operation or spend the money during the peak cost time.
A few utilities have instituted a tariff that discourages a peak load. The consumer pays a
special charge called a demand charge if the total electricity con
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