IEC 62282-3-201:2013

Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems

IEC 62282-3-201:2013 provides test methods for the electric/thermal and environmental performance of small stationary fuel cell power systems that meet the following criteria:
- output: nominal electric power output of less than 10 kW;
- output mode: grid-connected/independent operation or stand-alone operation with single-phase AC output or 3-phase AC output not exceeding 1 000 V, or DC output not exceeding 1 500 V;
- operating pressure: maximum allowable working pressure of less than 0,1 MPa (gauge) for the fuel and oxidant passages;
- fuel: gaseous fuel or liquid fuel;
- oxidant: air.

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 3-201: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires - Méthodes d'essai des performances pour petits systèmes à piles à combustible

La CEI 62282-3-201:2013 décrit des méthodes d'essai concernant les performances électriques/thermiques et environnementales des petits systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires qui satisfont aux critères suivants:
- sortie: la puissance électrique nominale de sortie est inférieure à 10 kW;
- mode de sortie: fonctionnement raccordé au réseau/indépendant ou fonctionnement autonome avec une sortie CA monophasée ou une sortie CA triphasée ne dépassant pas 1 000 V ou une sortie CC ne dépassant pas 1 500 V;
- pression de fonctionnement: pression de fonctionnement admissible maximale inférieure à 0,1 MPa (G) pour les passages du combustible et de l'agent oxydant;
- combustible: combustible gazeux ou combustible liquide;
- agent oxydant: air.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Jul-2013
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• ICS: 29.060.20 - Cables
• Technical Committee: TC 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: MT 202 - TC 105/MT 202
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 10-Aug-2017

Relations

• Revised: IEC 62282-3-201:2017 - Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62282-3-201
®

Edition 1.0 2013-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside


Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Performance test methods for
small fuel cell power systems

Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 3-201: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Méthodes d’essai
des performances pour petits systèmes à piles à combustible

IEC 62282-3-201:2013

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2013 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.


Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch

About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

Useful links:

IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables you to find IEC publications The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
committee,…). definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in
It also gives information on projects, replaced and additional languages. Also known as the International
withdrawn publications. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) on-line.

IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication
details all new publications released. Available on-line and or need further assistance, please contact the
also once a month by email. Customer Service Centre: [e-mail].


A propos de la CEI
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

A propos des publications CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez
l’édition la plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.

Liens utiles:

Recherche de publications CEI - www.iec.ch/searchpub Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
La recherche avancée vous permet de trouver des Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes
publications CEI en utilisant différents critères (numéro de électroniques et électriques. Il contient plus de 30 000
référence, texte, comité d’études,…). termes et définitions en anglais et en français, ainsi que
Elle donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les les termes équivalents dans les langues additionnelles.
publications remplacées ou retirées. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire Electrotechnique
International (VEI) en ligne.
Just Published CEI - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI.
Just Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues. Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur
Disponible en ligne et aussi une fois par mois par email. cette publication ou si vous avez des questions
contactez-nous: [e-mail].

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62282-3-201

®


Edition 1.0 2013-07




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Fuel cell technologies –

Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Performance test methods for

small fuel cell power systems




Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 3-201: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Méthodes d’essai


des performances pour petits systèmes à piles à combustible













INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE

PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE

CODE PRIX XB


ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-0886-1



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – 62282-3-201 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols . 13
5 Configuration of small stationary fuel cell power system and test boundary . 16
6 Reference conditions . 16
7 Heating value base . 17
8 Test preparation . 17
8.1 General . 17
8.2 Uncertainty analysis . 17
8.3 Data acquisition plan . 17
9 Test set-up . 18
10 Instruments and measurement methods . 19
10.1 General . 19
10.2 Measurement instruments . 19
10.3 Measurement points . 20
10.4 Minimum required measurement systematic uncertainty . 22
11 Test conditions . 22
11.1 Laboratory conditions . 22
11.2 Installation and operating conditions of the system . 22
11.3 Power source conditions . 23
11.4 Test fuel . 23
12 Operating process . 23
13 Test plan . 25
14 Type tests on electric/thermal performance . 25
14.1 General . 25
14.2 Fuel consumption test . 26
14.2.1 Gaseous fuel consumption test . 26
14.2.2 Liquid fuel consumption test . 28
14.3 Electric power output test . 29
14.3.1 General . 29
14.3.2 Test method . 29
14.3.3 Calculation of average net electric power output . 30
14.4 Heat recovery test . 30
14.4.1 General . 30
14.4.2 Test method . 30
14.4.3 Calculation of average recovered thermal power . 30
14.5 Start-up test . 32
14.5.1 General . 32
14.5.2 Determination of state of charge of battery . 32
14.5.3 Test method . 32
14.5.4 Calculation of results . 34
14.6 Storage state test . 36

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
62282-3-201 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
14.6.1 General . 36
14.6.2 Test method . 37
14.6.3 Calculation of average electric power input in storage state . 37
14.7 Electric power output change test . 37
14.7.1 General . 37
14.7.2 Test method . 37
14.7.3 Calculation of electric power output change rate . 39
14.8 Shutdown test . 39
14.8.1 General . 39
14.8.2 Test method . 40
14.8.3 Calculation of results . 40
14.9 Computation of efficiency . 41
14.9.1 General . 41
14.9.2 Electric efficiency . 41
14.9.3 Heat recovery efficiency . 42
14.9.4 Overall energy efficiency . 42
15 Type tests on environmental performance . 42
15.1 General . 42
15.2 Noise test . 42
15.2.1 General . 42
15.2.2 Test conditions . 43
15.2.3 Test method . 44
15.2.4 Processing of data . 44
15.3 Exhaust gas test . 44
15.3.1 General . 44
15.3.2 Components to be measured . 44
15.3.3 Test method . 45
15.3.4 Processing of data . 45
15.4 Discharge water test . 50
15.4.1 General . 50
15.4.2 Test method . 50
16 Test reports . 51
16.1 General . 51
16.2 Title page . 51
16.3 Table of contents . 51
16.4 Summary report . 51
Annex A (informative) Heating values for components of natural gases . 52
Annex B (informative) Examples of composition for natural gases . 54
Annex C (informative) Exemplary test operation schedule . 56
Annex D (informative) Typical exhaust gas components . 57
Annex E (informative) Guidelines for the contents of detailed and full reports . 58
Bibliography . 59

Figure 1 – Symbol diagram . 15
Figure 2 – General configuration of small stationary fuel cell power system . 16
Figure 3 – Small stationary fuel cell power system fed with gaseous fuel . 18
Figure 4 – Small stationary fuel cell system fed with gaseous fuel, air cooled and no
valorization of the by-product heat . 19

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – 62282-3-201 © IEC:2013
Figure 5 – Operating states of stationary fuel cell power system without battery . 24
Figure 6 – Operating states of stationary fuel cell power system with battery . 25
Figure 7 – Example of electric power chart at start-up for system without battery . 33
Figure 8 – Example of electric power chart at start-up for system with battery. 34
Figure 9 – Examples of liquid fuel supply systems . 35
Figure 10 – Electric power output change pattern for system without battery . 38
Figure 11 – Electric power output change pattern for system with battery . 38
Figure 12 – Example for electric power change stabilization criteria . 39
Figure 13 – Electric power chart at shutdown . 40
Figure 14 – Noise measurement points for small stationary fuel cell power systems . 43

Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings for electric/thermal performance . 13
Table 2 – Symbols and their meanings for environmental performance . 15
Table 3 – Compensation of readings against the effect of background noise . 43
Table A.1 – Heating values for components of natural gases at various combustion
reference conditions for ideal gas . 52
Table B.1 – Example of composition for natural gas (%) . 54
Table B.2 – Example of composition for propane gas (%) . 55
Table C.1 – Exemplary test operation schedule . 56
Table D.1 – Typical exhaust gas components to be expected for typical fuels . 57

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
62282-3-201 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-3-201 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/444/FDIS 105/454/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62282 series, under the general title Fuel cell technologies, can be
found on the IEC website.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – 62282-3-201 © IEC:2013
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
62282-3-201 © IEC:2013 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282 provides consistent and repeatable test methods for the electric/thermal
and environmental performance of small stationary fuel cell power systems.
This international standard limits its scope to small (below 10 kW electric power output)
stationary fuel cell power systems and provides test methods specifically designed for them in
detail. It is based on IEC 62282-3-200, that generally describes performance test methods that
are common to all types of fuel cells.
This standard describes type tests and their test methods only. No routine tests are required or
identified, and no performance targets are set in this standard.
This standard is to be used by manufacturers of small stationary fuel cell power systems and/or
those who evaluate the performance of their systems for certification purposes.
Users of this standard may selectively execute test items that are suitable for their purposes
from those described in this standard. This standard is not intended to exclude any other
methods.

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – 62282-3-201 © IEC:2013
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –

Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 provides test methods for the electric/thermal and environmental
performance of small stationary fuel cell power systems that meet the following criteria:
• output: nominal electric power output of less than 10 kW;
• output mode: grid-connected/independent operation or stand-alone operation with
single-phase AC output or 3-phase AC output not exceeding 1 000 V, or DC output not
exceeding 1 500 V;
NOTE The limit to 1 000 V comes from the definition for "low voltage" given in IEV 601-01-26.
• operating pressure: maximum allowable working pressure of less than 0,1 MPa (gauge) for
the fuel and oxidant passages;
• fuel: gaseous fuel (natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, butane, hydrogen, etc.) or
liquid fuel (kerosene, methanol, etc.);
• oxidant: air.
This standard covers fuel cell power systems whose primary purpose is the production of electric
power and whose secondary purpose may be the utilization of by-product heat. Accordingly, fuel
cell power systems for which the use of heat is primary and the use of by-product electric power
is secondary are outside the scope of this standard.
All systems with integrated batteries are covered by this standard. This includes systems where
batteries are recharged internally or recharged from an external source.
This standard does not cover additional auxiliary heat generators that produce thermal energy.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
IEC 62282-3-200, Fuel cell technologies – Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
ISO 5815 (all parts), Water quality – Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days
(BODn)
ISO 6060, Water quality – Determination of the chemical oxygen demand
ISO 6798, Reciprocating internal combustion engines – Measurement of emitted airborne noise
– Engineering method and survey method

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
62282-3-201 © IEC:2013 – 9 –
ISO 9000, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO 10523, Water quality – Determination of pH
ASTM F2602, Standard Test Method for Determining the Molar Mass of Chitosan and Chitosan
Salts by Size Exclusion Chromatography with Multi-angle Light Scattering Detection (SEC
MALS)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
noise level
sound pressure level produced by the fuel cell power system measured at a specified distance
in all operation modes
Note 1 to entry: Expressed as decibels (dB) and measured as described in 15.2.
3.2
background noise level
sound pressure level of ambient noise at the measurement point
Note 1 to entry: This measurement is taken as described in 15.2 with the fuel cell power system in the cold state.
3.3
battery
electrochemical energy storage device that provides energy input to support parasitic loads
and/or provides electric energy output
Note 1 to entry: Back-up batteries for control software memory and similar applications are not included.
3.4
cold state
condition of a fuel cell power system at ambient temperature with no power input or output, ready
for start-up
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2010, definition 3.110.1, modified – addition of "ready for start-up"]
3.5
discharge rate
mass of discharged exhaust gas component per unit of time
3.6
discharge water
water that is discharged from the fuel cell power system
Note 1 to entry: Discharge water does not constitute part of a thermal recovery system.
3.7
electric efficiency
ratio of the average net electric power output of a fuel cell power system at a given duration to
the average fuel power fed to the same fuel cell power system at the same duration
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2010, definition 3.30.1 modified – original definition has been
modified and the NOTE dropped]

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – 62282-3-201 © IEC:2013
3.8
electric energy input
integrated value of electric power input at the electric input terminal
3.9
electric energy output
integrated value of electric power output at the electric out
...