IEC TR 61850-90-4:2013

Communication networks and systems for power utility automation - Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines

IEC/TR 61850-90-4:2013(E) is intended for an audience familiar with network communication and/or IEC 61850-based systems and particularly for substation protection and control equipment vendors, network equipment vendors and system integrators. This Technical Report focuses on engineering a local area network limited to the requirements of IEC 61850-based substation automation. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to network topology, redundancy, clock synchronization, etc. so that the network designer can make educated decisions. In addition, this report outlines possible improvements to both substation automation and networking equipment. This Technical Report addresses the most critical aspects of IEC 61850, such as protection related to tripping over the network. This Technical Report addresses in particular the multicast data transfer of large volumes of sampled values from merging units. It also considers the high precision clock synchronization and "seamless" guaranteed transport of data across the network under failure conditions that is central to the process bus concept.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Aug-2013
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 33.200 - Telecontrol. Telemetering
• Technical Committee: TC 57 - Power systems management and associated information exchange
• Drafting Committee: WG 10 - TC 57/WG 10
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 25-May-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/TR 61850-90-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-08
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –
Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines

IEC/TR 61850-90-4:2013(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

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IEC/TR 61850-90-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-08
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –

Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XH
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-0903-5

– 2 – TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 12
INTRODUCTION . 14
1 Scope . 15
2 Normative references . 16
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and conventions . 19
3.1 Terms and definitions . 19
3.2 Abbreviations . 22
3.3 Conventions . 25
3.3.1 Network diagram symbols . 25
3.3.2 Port and link symbols . 26
3.3.3 Bridges symbols . 26
4 Overview of IEC 61850 networks . 27
4.1 Logical allocation of functions and interfaces . 27
4.2 IEC 61850 protocol stack . 29
4.2.1 General . 29
4.2.2 IEC 61850 traffic classes . 29
4.2.3 MMS protocol . 30
4.2.4 GOOSE protocol . 30
4.2.5 SV protocol . 32
4.3 Station bus and process bus . 32
5 Network design checklist . 34
5.1 Design principles . 34
5.2 Engineering flow . 34
5.3 Checklist to be observed . 35
5.3.1 Summary . 35
5.3.2 Environmental issues . 36
5.3.3 EMI immunity . 36
5.3.4 Form factor . 36
5.3.5 Physical media . 36
5.3.6 Substation application and network topology . 36
5.3.7 Redundancy . 37
5.3.8 Reliability, availability, maintainability . 37
5.3.9 Logical data flows and traffic patterns . 37
5.3.10 Latency for different types of traffic . 37
5.3.11 Performance . 37
5.3.12 Network management . 38
5.3.13 Network supervision . 38
5.3.14 Time synchronization and accuracy . 38
5.3.15 Remote connectivity . 38
5.3.16 Cyber security . 38
5.3.17 Scalability, upgradeability and future-proof . 39
5.3.18 Testing . 39
5.3.19 Cost . 39
6 Ethernet technology for substations . 39
6.1 Ethernet subset for substation automation . 39
6.2 Topology . 39

TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E) – 3 –
6.3 Physical layer . 41
6.3.1 Data rate and medium . 41
6.3.2 Full-duplex communication and auto-negotiation . 41
6.3.3 Copper cabling at 100 Mbit/s . 41
6.3.4 Optical cabling at 100 Mbit/s (100BASE-FX) . 42
6.3.5 Optical cabling at 1 Gbit/s (1000BASE-LX) . 44
6.3.6 Copper cabling at 1 Gbit/s . 44
6.4 Link layer . 44
6.4.1 Unicast and multicast MAC addresses . 44
6.4.2 Link layer and bridges . 45
6.4.3 Bridging nodes . 45
6.4.4 Loop prevention and RSTP . 45
6.4.5 Traffic control in the bridges . 47
6.4.6 Unicast MAC address filtering . 47
6.4.7 Multicast MAC address filtering . 47
6.4.8 Virtual LANs (VLANS) traffic control . 48
6.4.9 Comparison VLAN versus multicast filtering. 53
6.4.10 Layer 2 redundancy protocols . 53
6.5 Network layer . 57
6.5.1 Internet protocol . 57
6.5.2 IP public and private addresses . 57
6.5.3 Subnet masks . 58
6.5.4 Network address translation . 59
7 Network and substation topologies . 59
7.1 General rule . 59
7.2 Reference topologies and network redundancy. 60
7.3 Reference topologies . 64
7.3.1 Station bus topologies . 64
7.3.2 Process bus and attachment of primary equipment . 77
7.3.3 Station bus and process bus connection . 92
8 Addressing in the substation . 98
8.1 Network IP address plan for substations . 98
8.1.1 General structure . 98
8.1.2 IP address allocation of NET . 99
8.1.3 IP address allocation of BAY . 100
8.1.4 IP address allocation of device . 100
8.1.5 IP address allocation of devices with PRP . 101
8.2 Routers and GOOSE / SV traffic . 101
8.3 Communication outside the substation . 101
9 Application parameters . 102
9.1 MMS parameters . 102
9.2 GOOSE parameters . 102
9.3 SV parameters . 102
10 Performance . 103
10.1 Station bus performance . 103
10.1.1 Logical data flows and traffic patterns . 103
10.1.2 GOOSE traffic estimation . 104
10.1.3 MMS traffic estimation . 104

– 4 – TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E)
10.1.4 station bus measurements . 105
10.2 Process bus performance . 106
11 Latency . 106
11.1 Application requirements . 106
11.2 Latency requirements for different types of traffic . 107
11.2.1 Latency requirements in IEC 61850-5 . 107
11.2.2 Latencies of physical paths .
...

IEC/TR 61850-90-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-08
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –
Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines

IEC/TR 61850-90-4:2013(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,

please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]

CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

Useful links:
IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables you to find IEC publications The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
committee,…). definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in
It also gives information on projects, replaced and additional languages. Also known as the International
withdrawn publications. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) on-line.

IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication
details all new publications released. Available on-line and or need further assistance, please contact the
also once a month by email. Customer Service Centre: [e-mail].

IEC/TR 61850-90-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-08
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –

Part 90-4: Network engineering guidelines

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XH
ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-0903-5

– 2 – TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E)

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 12

INTRODUCTION . 14

1 Scope . 15

2 Normative references . 16

3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and conventions . 19

3.1 Terms and definitions . 19

3.2 Abbreviations . 22
3.3 Conventions . 25
3.3.1 Network diagram symbols . 25
3.3.2 Port and link symbols . 26
3.3.3 Bridges symbols . 26
4 Overview of IEC 61850 networks . 27
4.1 Logical allocation of functions and interfaces . 27
4.2 IEC 61850 protocol stack . 29
4.2.1 General . 29
4.2.2 IEC 61850 traffic classes . 29
4.2.3 MMS protocol . 30
4.2.4 GOOSE protocol . 30
4.2.5 SV protocol . 32
4.3 Station bus and process bus . 32
5 Network design checklist . 34
5.1 Design principles . 34
5.2 Engineering flow . 34
5.3 Checklist to be observed . 35
5.3.1 Summary . 35
5.3.2 Environmental issues . 36
5.3.3 EMI immunity . 36
5.3.4 Form factor . 36
5.3.5 Physical media . 36
5.3.6 Substation application and network topology . 36
5.3.7 Redundancy . 37
5.3.8 Reliability, availability, maintainability . 37

5.3.9 Logical data flows and traffic patterns . 37
5.3.10 Latency for different types of traffic . 37
5.3.11 Performance . 37
5.3.12 Network management . 38
5.3.13 Network supervision . 38
5.3.14 Time synchronization and accuracy . 38
5.3.15 Remote connectivity . 38
5.3.16 Cyber security . 38
5.3.17 Scalability, upgradeability and future-proof . 39
5.3.18 Testing . 39
5.3.19 Cost . 39
6 Ethernet technology for substations . 39
6.1 Ethernet subset for substation automation . 39
6.2 Topology . 39

TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E) – 3 –

6.3 Physical layer . 41

6.3.1 Data rate and medium . 41

6.3.2 Full-duplex communication and auto-negotiation . 41

6.3.3 Copper cabling at 100 Mbit/s . 41

6.3.4 Optical cabling at 100 Mbit/s (100BASE-FX) . 42

6.3.5 Optical cabling at 1 Gbit/s (1000BASE-LX) . 44

6.3.6 Copper cabling at 1 Gbit/s . 44

6.4 Link layer . 44

6.4.1 Unicast and multicast MAC addresses . 44

6.4.2 Link layer and bridges . 45

6.4.3 Bridging nodes . 45
6.4.4 Loop prevention and RSTP . 45
6.4.5 Traffic control in the bridges . 47
6.4.6 Unicast MAC address filtering . 47
6.4.7 Multicast MAC address filtering . 47
6.4.8 Virtual LANs (VLANS) traffic control . 48
6.4.9 Comparison VLAN versus multicast filtering. 53
6.4.10 Layer 2 redundancy protocols . 53
6.5 Network layer . 57
6.5.1 Internet protocol . 57
6.5.2 IP public and private addresses . 57
6.5.3 Subnet masks . 58
6.5.4 Network address translation . 59
7 Network and substation topologies . 59
7.1 General rule . 59
7.2 Reference topologies and network redundancy. 60
7.3 Reference topologies . 64
7.3.1 Station bus topologies . 64
7.3.2 Process bus and attachment of primary equipment . 77
7.3.3 Station bus and process bus connection . 92
8 Addressing in the substation . 98
8.1 Network IP address plan for substations . 98
8.1.1 General structure . 98
8.1.2 IP address allocation of NET . 99
8.1.3 IP address allocation of BAY . 100

8.1.4 IP address allocation of device . 100
8.1.5 IP address allocation of devices with PRP . 101
8.2 Routers and GOOSE / SV traffic . 101
8.3 Communication outside the substation . 101
9 Application parameters . 102
9.1 MMS parameters . 102
9.2 GOOSE parameters . 102
9.3 SV parameters . 102
10 Performance . 103
10.1 Station bus performance . 103
10.1.1 Logical data flows and traffic patterns . 103
10.1.2 GOOSE traffic estimation . 104
10.1.3 MMS traffic estimation . 104

– 4 – TR 61850-90-4 © IEC:2013(E)

10.1.4 station bus measurements . 105

10.2 Process bus performance . 106

11 Latency . 106

11.1 Application requirements . 106

11.2 Latency requirements for different types of traffic . 107

11.2.1 Lat
...