IEC 62282-3-400:2016

Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-400: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Small stationary fuel cell power system with combined heat and power output

IEC 62282-3-400:2016 applies to small stationary fuel cell power systems serving as a heating appliance providing both electric power and useful heat with or without a supplementary heat generator providing peak load function. This standard applies to fuel cell power systems that are intended to be permanently connected to the electrical system of the customer (end user). Direct connection to the mains (parallel operation) is also within the scope of this standard. This standard is limited to gas and liquid fuelled fuel cell CHP appliances that have a heat input based on lower heating value of less than or equal to 70 kW. This standard specifies the requirements for construction, safety, installation, fitness for purpose, rational use of energy, marking, and performance measurement of these appliances. This standard also provides regional and country specific requirements to facilitate the worldwide application of this IEC standard.

Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 3-400: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires - Petits systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires avec chaleur et puissance en sortie combinées

L'IEC 62282-3-400:2016 s'applique aux petits systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires utilisés comme appareil de chauffage produisant à la fois une puissance électrique et une chaleur utile avec ou sans générateur de chaleur d'appoint comprenant une fonction de charge de pointe. La présente norme s'applique aux systèmes à piles à combustible destinés à être reliés en permanence au réseau électrique du client (utilisateur final). Le raccordement direct au réseau (fonctionnement en parallèle) relève également du domaine d'application de la présente norme. La présente norme se limite aux appareils CHP à piles à combustible à alimentation gazeuse et liquide dont le débit calorifique est basé sur un pouvoir calorifique inférieur ou égal à 70 kW. La présente norme spécifie les exigences de construction, sécurité, installation, aptitude à l'emploi, utilisation rationnelle de l'énergie, marquage et mesurage des performances de ces appareils. La présente norme IEC fournit également des exigences régionales et spécifiques au pays afin de faciliter son application mondiale.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Nov-2016
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 27.070 - Fuel cells
• ICS: 29.080.10 - Insulators
• Technical Committee: TC 105 - Fuel cell technologies
• Drafting Committee: MT 205 - TC 105/MT 205
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 16-Nov-2016
• Completion Date: 31-Dec-2016

Overview

IEC 62282-3-400:2016 is an international standard developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) focusing on small stationary fuel cell power systems with combined heat and power (CHP) output. This standard specifically addresses fuel cell technologies used as heating appliances that generate both electrical power and useful heat for end users. It encompasses gas- and liquid-fuelled fuel cell CHP appliances with a heat input not exceeding 70 kW based on lower heating value. Designed for systems permanently connected to the customer's electrical infrastructure, including parallel operation with mains supply, IEC 62282-3-400 establishes comprehensive requirements covering construction, safety, installation, energy efficiency, marking, and performance measurement. It also integrates relevant regional and country-specific provisions to promote worldwide applicability.

Key Topics

• Scope and Applicability
  Applies to small stationary fuel cell power systems combining electrical and thermal output. Suitable for permanent installation and grid connection with or without supplementary peak load heat generators.

• Safety Requirements
  Strict guidelines for system construction and operational safety, including material resistance, soundness, electrical safety, pressure resistance, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). It specifies protective measures to mitigate hazards associated with fuel cell CHP appliances.

• Performance and Efficiency
  Defined parameters for system efficiency, heat input/output, electrical generation, combustion emissions (e.g., NOx), and operational performance are established alongside test methods to ensure fitness for purpose and energy optimization.

• Installation and Marking
  Requirements for clear marking, data plates, packaging, installation, and user instructions are provided to facilitate safe deployment and operation by end users and service personnel.

• Regional Adaptations
  Supplementary annexes outline specific requirements for Europe, Japan, and the USA, ensuring compliance with local regulations and enabling global standardization of small fuel cell CHP systems.

Applications

IEC 62282-3-400:2016 targets small stationary fuel cell power systems suitable for residential, commercial, and light industrial applications requiring combined heat and power. These systems provide:

• Efficient On-Site Power Generation – Enhances energy self-sufficiency by generating electricity at the point of use.
• Heat Recovery – Exploits waste heat for space heating or domestic hot water, improving overall energy utilization.
• Reduced Emissions – Due to cleaner fuel cell technology, these systems help lower greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions compared to conventional heating and power solutions.
• Grid Connectivity – Allows for connection to the electrical network enabling parallel operation and potential support for grid stability.
• Scalable Energy Solutions – With power output limited to small systems (≤70 kW heat input), the standard serves buildings or facilities with moderate energy demands.

Related Standards

• IEC 62282 Series – Covers broader fuel cell technologies including portable and mobile applications.
• ISO 14687 – Specifies hydrogen fuel quality for fuel cells, relevant for gas-fuelled systems.
• IEC 60335 Series – Safety standards for household and similar electrical appliances, complementing electrical and operational safety aspects.
• Local Building and Electrical Codes – Regional codes harmonized through annexes ensure integration of IEC 62282-3-400 systems into country-specific installation practices.
• EMC Standards (e.g., IEC 61000) – Applied for electromagnetic compatibility to minimize interference with other electrical equipment.

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Keywords: IEC 62282-3-400:2016, stationary fuel cell power system, small fuel cell CHP, combined heat and power, fuel cell technologies, energy efficiency, fuel cell safety, electrical installation, performance measurement, fuel cell CHP standards, international fuel cell regulations, gas fuelled fuel cells, liquid fuelled fuel cells, renewable energy systems, distributed generation.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62282-3-400 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-400: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Small stationary fuel cell power
system with combined heat and power output

Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 3-400: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Petits systèmes à
piles à combustible stationnaires avec chaleur et puissance en sortie combinées

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IEC 62282-3-400 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-400: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Small stationary fuel cell power

system with combined heat and power output

Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 3-400: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Petits systèmes à

piles à combustible stationnaires avec chaleur et puissance en sortie combinées

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-3720-5

– 2 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms, definitions and symbols. 13
3.1 Terms and definitions . 13
3.2 Symbols . 19
4 Appliance classification . 21
4.1 Gases and gas categories . 21
4.2 Mode of air supply and evacuation of combustion products . 21
4.3 Maximum water side operating pressure . 22
4.4 Expansion system . 22
4.5 Output power characteristic . 22
5 Safety requirements and protective measures . 22
5.1 General safety strategy . 22
5.2 Construction requirements for safety . 23
5.2.1 General . 23
5.2.2 Use and servicing . 23
5.2.3 Connections to the supply systems . 25
5.2.4 Soundness . 27
5.2.5 Material . 29
5.2.6 Electrical safety . 29
5.2.7 Subsystems and safety related control functions . 30
5.3 Operational requirements for safety . 39
5.3.1 General requirements . 39
5.3.2 Soundness . 40
5.3.3 Safety of operation (temperature/limit gas) . 46
5.3.4 Start/release and adjusting, control and safety devices (if applicable) . 54
5.3.5 Resistance of the materials to pressure . 57
5.3.6 EMC . 57
5.3.7 Outdoor or semi-outdoor for Type A small fuel cell CHP appliance . 57
5.4 Safety requirements test methods . 58
5.4.1 General test conditions . 58
5.4.2 Soundness . 63
5.4.3 Safety of operation . 68
5.4.4 Start/release and adjusting, control and safety devices . 87
5.4.5 Resistance of the materials to pressure . 90
5.4.6 EMC . 90
5.4.7 Outdoor or semi-outdoor small fuel cell CHP appliances . 90
6 Functional (normal operating) performance . 95
6.1 Performance parameters and requirements . 95
6.1.1 Efficiency . 95
6.1.2 Heat input and heat and electrical output . 95
6.1.3 Operation . 96
6.1.4 Combustion and NO emissions . 96
x
6.1.5 EMC . 97
6.2 Performance test methods . 97

6.2.1 Efficiency . 97
6.2.2 Heat input and heat and electrical output . 103
6.2.3 Operation . 104
6.2.4 Combustion and NO emissions . 104
X
6.2.5 EMC . 106
7 Marking, installation and operating instructions . 106
7.1 Marking of the small fuel cell CHP appliance . 106
7.1.1 Data plate . 106
7.1.2 Supplementary markings . 107
7.1.3 Packaging. 107
7.1.4 Warnings on the small fuel cell CHP appliance and the packaging . 107
7.1.5 Other information . 107
7.2 Installation instructions . 107
7.2.1 General . 107
7.2.2 Technical instructions . 110
7.3 Operating instructions (i.e. users instructions) . 113
7.4 Conversion instructions (if applicable) . 113
7.5 Presentation . 113
Annex A (informative) Significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt with
in this standard . 114
Annex B (informative) Requirements specific for Europe . 116
Annex C (informative) Requirements specific for stationary fuel cell power system in
Japan . 149
Annex D (informative) Requirements specific for the USA . 171
Annex E (informative) Composition of the supply gas circuit . 175
Annex F (informative) Classification of gas appliances according to the method of
supplying air and evacuation of the combustion products (types) . 176
Annex G (informative) Sampling of flue gas combustion products . 187
Annex H (informative) Practical method of calibrating the test rig to enable the heat
loss Q to be determined . 189
loss
Annex I (informative) Test rig for the measurement of the stand-by heat losses . 190
Bibliography . 192

Figure 1 – Configuration with and without integrated supplementary heat generator . 11
Figure 2 – Illustration of Table 3: Surrounding of the combustion products circuit by the
combustion air circuit . 44
Figure 3 – Test rig for Type C appliances, equipped with horizontal wind protection
device at a vertical wall . 73
Figure 4 – Test rig for Type C small fuel cell CHP appliances for installation in
buildings with tilted roof . 74
Figure 5 – Test rig for Type C and Type C small fuel cell CHP appliances for
3 9
installation in flat roofed buildings . 75
Figure 6 – Test rig for Type C and Type C small fuel cell CHP appliances for
3 9
installation in buildings with tilted roof . 76
Figure 7 – Wind test setup for indoor small fuel cell CHP appliances . 80
Figure 8 – Water shower test setup for outdoor small fuel cell CHP appliance . 91
Figure 9 – Wind test setup for outdoor small fuel cell CHP appliance . 93
Figure 10 – Energy/power inputs and outputs relevant for overall energy efficiency . 95

– 4 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
Figure 11 – Test rig for efficiency measurement of small fuel cell CHP appliances, with
or without supplementary heat generator, connected to a central heating system or a
heat storage system. 99
Figure 12 – Test rig for efficiency measurement of small fuel cell CHP appliances,
without supplementary heat generator, connected to a domestic hot water storage only . 100
Figure B.1 – Test rig for thermostats: shortcut circulation . 131
Figure B.2 – Test rig for thermostats with heat exchanger . 132
Figure B.3 – Test rig for the determination of water losses . 136
Figure C.1 – Configuration for stationary fuel cell power system . 150
Figure C.2 – Test rig for measuring the insulation resistance . 158
Figure C.3 – Example of combustion exhaust gas collectors and collection locations . 166
Figure E.1 – Automatic gas shut-off valves in the supply gas circuit for small fuel cell
CHP appliances . 175
Figure F.1 – Types of small fuel cell CHP appliance with its key duct elements . 176
Figure F.2 – Type B . 181
Figure F.3 – Type B . 181
Figure F.4 – Type B . 182
Figure F.5 – Type C . 183
Figure F.6 – Type C . 183
Figure F.7 – Type C . 184
Figure F.8 – Type C . 184
Figure F.9 – Type C . 185
Figure F.10 – Type C . 185
Figure F.11 – Type C . 186
Figure G.1 – Example of a sampling probe for the measurement of the products of
combustion . 187
Figure G.2 – Example of the location of the probe for a an appliance with circular
coaxial ducts . 188
Figure I.1 – Test rig . 190

Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings. 19
Table 2 – Composition of the supply gas circuit according on the valve classification of
ISO 23551-1 . 31
Table 3 – Maximum admissible leakage rates . 43
Table 4 – Allowable surface temperatures rises . 46
Table 5 – Uncertainty of measurement . 63
Table 6 – Soundness tests of the internal cooling circuits . 68
Table 7 – φ (CO ) volume fraction of the theoretical dry air-free combustion
ex,th 2
products, in percent . 84
Table 8 – Emission classes for NO . 96
x
Table A.1 – Hazardous situations and events. 114
Table B.1 – Mechanical properties and chemical compositions of carbon and stainless
steels . 120
Table B.2 – Minimum requirements for cast iron . 120
Table B.3 – Parts in aluminium and aluminium alloys . 121
Table B.4 – Parts in copper or copper alloys . 121

Table B.5 – Minimum thicknesses for rolled parts . 121
Table B.6 – Nominal minimum thicknesses of small fuel cell CHP appliance sections . 121
Table B.7 – Weld joints and welding processes . 122
Table B.8 – φ (CO ) volume fraction of the theoretical dry air-free combustion
ex,th 2
products, in percent . 134
Table B.9 – Weighting factor F for weighting η in the η calculation . 139
CHP eq,CHP son
Table B.10 – Weighting factors . 144
Table B.11 – Weighting factors . 145
Table B.12 – Weighting factor F for weighting ε (NO ) and ε (NO ) in the
CHP CHP x SUP x
ε (NO ) calculation . 146
pond x
Table B.13 – Supplementary markings . 147
Table C.1 – Insulation resistance value . 158

– 6 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-400: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Small stationary fuel cell power system
with combined heat and power output

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-3-400 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/620/FDIS 105/624/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

A list of all parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell
technologies, can be found on the IEC website.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex B, Annex C and Annex D list all of the
“in-some-countries” clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the
subject of this standard.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 8 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-400: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Small stationary fuel cell power system
with combined heat and power output

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 applies to small stationary fuel cell power systems serving as a
heating appliance providing both electric power and useful heat with or without a
supplementary heat generator providing peak load function.
This standard applies to fuel cell power systems that are intended to be permanently
connected to the electrical system of the customer (end user). Direct connection to the mains
(parallel operation) is also within the scope of this standard.
NOTE 1 Parallel operation is subject to the permission of the local electric power supply utility.
This standard is limited to gas and liquid fuelled fuel cell CHP appliances that have a heat
input based on lower heating value of less than or equal to 70 kW. For some regional
applications, the output electric power is limited. Specific limitations are given in Clause C.1
for Japan.
This standard applies to systems as shown in Figure 1.
One is a system where both stationary fuel cell power system and supplementary heat
generator are installed in one enclosure without any partition.
This standard does not have to apply to the supplementary heat generator of systems where
the stationary fuel cell power system and the supplementary heat generator are not built in
one enclosure, and whose ducts are not common (that is, each appliance has its own
dedicated duct system).
This standard applies to systems intended for operation on the following supplied input fuels:
– natural gas and other methane rich gases;
– fuels derived from oil refining (liquefied petroleum gases, propane, and butane);
– hydrogen as supply gas for the CHP generator.
NOTE 2 It is possible that other fuels such as alcohols (methanol, ethanol), kerosene, or hydrogen for the
supplementary heat generatorwill be added in future amendments or revisions.
This part of IEC 62282 applies to systems where:
– the heat transfer fluid (heat output) is water or a mixture of water and additives to prevent
corrosion and to prevent freezing;
– the heat transfer fluid circuit (heat output) can be designed for open or sealed operation;
– the maximum temperature of the heat transfer fluid (heat output) does not exceed 100 °C,
or the value given in Clause B.1 for Europe or in Clause D.1 for the USA;
– the maximum pressure of the heat transfer fluid (heat output) circuit does not exceed
0,3 MPa, or the limits given in Clause B.1 for Europe, or C.4.3 for Japan or Clause D.1 for
the USA;
– the maximum pressure of the domestic hot water circuit, if installed, does not exceed
0,1 MPa, or the limits as given in Clause D.1 for the USA.

This standard applies to systems with either condensing or non-condensing conditions in the
exhaust gas.
This standard applies to appliances
– with ducts included as part of the appliance (Type B, Type C) and
– without ducts (Type A)
Duct systems are shown in Annex F. The chimney in the figures is part of the building and is
not within the scope of this standard.
Different combustion air/flue duct circuit configurations are accommodated, see Annex F.
This standard applies to both indoor and outdoor installations.
This standard applies to type testing only.
This standard specifies the requirements for construction, safety, installation, fitness for
purpose, rational use of energy, marking, and performance measurement of these appliances.
This standard also provides regional and country specific requirements to facilitate the
worldwide application of this IEC standard. These essential regional and country specific
requirements are given in Annex B for Europe, in Annex C for Japan and in Annex D for the
USA.
If the user or manufacturer chooses a regional specific annex to apply this standard, then that
annex applies to the appliance in its entirety without mixing requirements between annexes.
The chosen regional or country specific annex becomes normative.

– 10 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
Functional blocks of a small fuel cell CHP appliance
without an integrated supplementary heat generator

IEC
Functional blocks of a small fuel cell CHP appliance
with an integrated supplementary heat generator
IEC
Figure 1 – Configuration with and without integrated supplementary heat generator
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
NOTE Regional specific standards are given in Clause B.2 for Europe, in Clause C.2 for Japan and in Clause D.2
for the USA.
IEC 60079 (all parts), Explosive atmospheres
IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres – Part 0: Equipment – General requirements
IEC 60079-2, Explosive atmospheres – Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized
enclosure "p"
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 10-1: Classification of areas – Explosive gas
atmospheres
– 12 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
IEC 60079-20-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 20-1: Material characteristics for gas and
vapour classification – Test methods and data
IEC 60079-30-1, Explosive atmospheres – Part 30-1: Electrical resistance trace heating –
General and testing requirements
IEC 60335-1, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60335-2-102:2004, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 2-102:
Particular requirements for gas, oil and solid-fuel burning appliances having electrical
connections
IEC 60335-2-102:2004/AMD1:2008
IEC 60335-2-102:2004/AMD2:2012
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60721-3-1, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3 Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities – Section 1: Storage
IEC 60721-3-2, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3 Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities – Section 2: Transportation
IEC 60721-3-3, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3-3: Classification of groups
of environmental parameters and their severities – Stationary use at weatherprotected
locations
IEC 60730-1, Automatic electrical controls – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60730-2-5, Automatic electrical controls – Part 2-5: Particular requirements for automatic
electrical burner control systems
IEC 60730-2-9, Automatic electrical controls – Part 2-9: Particular requirements for
temperature sensing control
IEC 61000-3-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-2: Limits – Limits for harmonic
currents emissions (equipment input current ≤16 A per phase)
IEC 61000-3-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-3: Limits – Limitation of voltage
changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment
with rated current ≤16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection
IEC TS 61000-3-4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-4: Limits – Limitation of
emission of harmonic currents in low-voltage power supply systems for equipment with rated
current greater than 16 A
IEC 61000-3-11, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-11: Limits – Limitation of
voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems –
Equipment with rated current ≤75 A and subject to conditional connection
IEC 61000-3-12, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-12: Limits – Limits for
harmonic currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with input
current >16 A and ≤ 75 A per phase
IEC 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-1: Generic standards –
Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments

IEC 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-3: Generic standards –
Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
IEC TS 62282-1:2013, Fuel cell technologies – Part 1: Terminology
IEC 62282-2:2012, Fuel cell technologies – Part 2: Fuel cell modules
IEC 62282-3-201:2013, Fuel cell technologies – Part 3-201: Stationary fuel cell power systems
– Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems
CISPR 14-1, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances, electric
tools and similar apparatus – Part 1: Emission
CISPR 14-2, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances, electric
tools and similar apparatus – Part 2: Immunity – Product family standard;
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads – Part 1:
Dimensions, tolerances and designation
ISO 228-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads – Part 1:
Dimensions, tolerances and designation
ISO 262, ISO general purpose metric screw threads – Selected sizes for screws, bolts and
nuts
ISO 3166-1 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1:
Country codes
ISO 4126-1, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure – Part 1: Safety valves
ISO 23550:2011, Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances –
General requirements
ISO 23551-1, Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas burning appliances –
Particular requirements – Part 1: Automatic and semi-automatic valves
ISO 23551-2, Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances –
Particular requirements – Part 2: Pressure regulators
ISO 23551-3, Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances –
Particular requirements – Part 3: Gas/air ratio controls, pneumatic type
ISO 23552-1, Safety and control devices for gas and/or oil burners and gas and/or oil
appliances – Particular requirements – Part 1: Fuel/air ratio controls, electronic type
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/

– 14 – IEC 62282-3-400:2016 © IEC 2016
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
supply gas
gas, supplied externally to the small fuel cell CHP appliance
3.1.2
supply gas circuit
assembly of parts of the small fuel cell CHP appliance that carry or contain the supply gas
between the gas inlet connection and the outlet of the safety shut-off valves
3.1.3
gas carrying circuit
assembly of parts of the small fuel cell CHP appliance that carry or contain supplied gas or
process gas excluding the combustion circuit
3.1.4
process gas
gas, transformed from supplied gas to a gas containing predominantly hydrogen
3.1.5
air supply circuit
assembly of parts of the small fuel cell CHP appliance that carry or contain supplied oxidant
air to the fuel processing system, fuel cell stack or combustion air to the burner
3.1.6
combustion circuit
circuit consisting of the air supply circuit and the combustion products circuit
3.1.7
combustion products circuit
circuit including the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger, the combustion products
evacuation duct and either the fitting piece or the connection to the duct terminal, if any
3.1.8
combustion chamber
enclosure inside which combustion of the air-gas mixture takes place
3.1.9
air supply duct
means for transporting oxidant air to the fuel processing system, the fuel cell stack, combustion
air to the burner, and the ventilation air
3.1.10
combustion products evacuation duct
means for transporting the combustion products, the cathode air from the fuel cell stack and
the ventilation air
3.1.11
completely surrounded by combustion air
constructional concept of internal parts of the small fuel cell CHP appliance, which surrounds
the parts with flowing supplied air for the purpose of sweeping away potential leakages in the
direction of the combustion process
3.1.12
air proving
method by which air availability is verified for a combustion or oxidation process

Note 1 to entry: A function of the air proving method is to check if the correct volume of air is available and to
show the volume only when air is available.
3.1.13
semi-outdoor small fuel cell CHP appliance
small fuel cell CHP appliance intended to be installed in the open air but in a partially
protected place only, not exposed to the direct exterior surrounding and infiltration of rain,
snow or hail
3.1.14
duct terminal
part of the combustion circuit fitted outside the building which has the function of air supply
inlet and/or combustion products outlet of the appliance
Note 1 to entry: See Figure F.1.
3.1.15
fitting piece
intermediate piece that connects the duct system to the small fuel cell CHP appliance
Note 1 to entry: See Figure F.1.
3.1.16
duct terminal guard
device that protects the duct terminal from mechanical damage from outside influences
Note 1 to entry: See Figure F.1.
3.1.17
recycling
automatic process by which, after loss of flame during operation, the gas supply is interrupted
and the full start procedure is re-initiated automatically
3.1.18
maximum water side operating pressure
maximum pressure of the water on the small fuel cell CHP appliance outlet which provides the
heat for the heating water circuit, declared by the manufacturer for which the appliance is
designed
3.1.19
CHP
combined heat and power
simultaneous generation of thermal and electric energy in one process
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.20
small fuel cell CHP appliance
appliance which delivers both heat and electric power (and which can also provide domestic
hot water service) and is comprised of a stationary fuel cell power system used as a CHP
generator and the following components as relevant:
– supplementary heat generator
– flue ducts
– thermal storage
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: The appliance is either delivered or specified by the manufacturer’s instructions as a complete
package.
...