IEC 60873-1:2003

Electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders for use in industrial-process systems - Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation

IEC 60873-1:2003 provides methods for determining the performance of all electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders operating from a standardized signal which may be used in process control. It is intended that continuous and dotted-line traces, multiple-pen and multiple-channel instruments should be covered. It specifies uniform methods of test for the evaluation of the performance of electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders operating from a standardized signal which may be used in process control.

Enregistreurs analogiques électriques et pneumatiques sur papier diagramme, utilisés dans les systèmes de conduite des processus industriels - Partie 1: Méthodes d'évaluation des performances

La CEI 60873-1:2003 fournit des méthodes pour la détermination des performances de tous les enregistreurs analogiques électriques et pneumatiques sur papier diagramme fonctionnant à partir d'un signal normalisé et qui peuvent être utilisés en commande de processus. Elle spécifie des méthodes uniformes d'essai pour l'évaluation des performances d'enregistreurs analogiques électriques et pneumatiques sur papier diagramme fonctionnant à partir d'un signal normalisé et qui peuvent être utilisés en commande de processus.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Oct-2003
• ICS: 25.040.40 - Industrial process measurement and control
• Technical Committee: SC 65B - Measurement and control devices
• Drafting Committee: WG 6 - TC 65/SC 65B/WG 6
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Start Date: 11-Dec-2024
• Completion Date: 26-Oct-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
60873-1
First edition
2003-10
Electrical and pneumatic analogue
chart recorders for use in industrial-
process control systems –
Part 1:
Methods for performance evaluation
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the
60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,
edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the
base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating
amendments 1 and 2.
Further information on IEC publications
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thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of
publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda.
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by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
60873-1
First edition
2003-10
Electrical and pneumatic analogue
chart recorders for use in industrial-
process control systems –
Part 1:
Methods for performance evaluation
 IEC 2003  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail]  Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
Q
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 60873-1  IEC:2003(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC ANALOGUE CHART RECORDERS
FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS SYSTEMS –
Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60873-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 65B: Devices, of IEC
technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement and control.
This first edition of IEC 60873-1 cancels and replaces IEC 60873 (1986) and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition concern the updating of methods for
inspection and routine testing of devices, and recorder testing requirements now comply with
IEC 61298.
60873-1  IEC:2003(E) – 3 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
65B/494/FDIS 65B/511/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61298.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2009. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

– 4 – 60873-1  IEC:2003(E)
INTRODUCTION
The methods of evaluation specified in this part of IEC 60873 are intended for use by
manufacturers to determine the performance of their products and by users or independent
testing establishments to verify manufacturers’ performance specifications.
The test conditions in this standard, for example, the range of ambient temperatures and power
supply, represent those which commonly arise in use. Consequently, the values specified
herein shall be used where no other values are specified by the manufacturer.
The tests specified in this standard are not necessarily sufficient for instruments specifically
designed for unusually arduous duties. Conversely, a restricted series of tests may be suitable
for instruments designed to perform within a more limited range of conditions.
It will be appreciated that the closest communication should be maintained between the
evaluating body and the manufacturer. Note should be taken of the manufacturer's
specifications for the instrument when the test programme is being decided, and the
manufacturer should be invited to comment on both the test programmes and the results.

60873-1  IEC:2003(E) – 5 –
ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC ANALOGUE CHART RECORDERS
FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS SYSTEMS –
Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation
1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60873 provides methods for determining the performance of all electrical and
pneumatic analogue chart recorders operating from a standardized signal which may be used
in process control. It is intended that continuous and dotted-line traces, multiple-pen and
multiple-channel instruments should be covered. Some tests should not apply to all instruments
and additional tests may be required for certain types of recorders.
The object of this standard is to specify uniform methods of test for the evaluation of the
performance of electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders operating from a
standardized signal which may be used in process control.
When a full evaluation in accordance with this standard is not required, those tests which are
required should be performed and the results reported in accordance with those parts of the
standard which are relevant. It should be made clear in such a report that the evaluation
reported is not a full evaluation and the parts omitted should be indicated.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-351:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 351: Automatic
control
IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61187:1993, Electric and electronic measuring equipment − Documentation
IEC 61298-1:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 1: General considerations
IEC 61298-2:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 2: Tests under reference conditions
IEC 61298-3:1998, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 3: Tests for the effects of influence quantities
IEC 61298-4:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 4: Evaluation report content

– 6 – 60873-1  IEC:2003(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-351 and in
IEC 61298-1, IEC 61298-2 and IEC 61298-3 together with the following additional definitions,
apply.
3.1
friction effect
in the case of continuous line recorders, effect which friction of the marking device on the chart
may have on the record even though the chart is moving slowly
3.2
measuring range
region between the limits within which a quantity is measured, or received, expressed by
stating the lower and upper range values (for example, 0 Pa, 20 Pa).
NOTE Instruments may be supplied with manual or automatic means of adjusting the range. As used in this
standard, the term "range" and the definitions below apply to the characteristics of the instruments for a specified
setting of the adjustment means.
The zero value of the measured variable is "elevated" if it is greater than the lowest range
value and "suppressed" if it is less than the lowest range value
3.3
output
position of the marking device of a recorder.
If an indicator is directly connected to the marking device, the indicated value is tested as a
second output (see 10.4 for remarks on parallax)
3.4
recorder
instrument which records, with a pen or other marking device, the instantaneous, effective or
average value of the signal
3.5
recorder, multiple-pen
recorder for more than one input signal providing an individual pen or other marking device for
each input signal
3.6
recorder, multiple-channel
recorder for more than one input signal which successively connects its internal measuring
circuit(s) to different input signals, thereby recording the values of the input signals in
sequence
3.7
record
trace marked on the instrument chart in response to an input signal
3.8
time per point
time interval between two immediately successive readings of a multiple-channel recorder,
generally of signals in different external measuring circuits
3.9
zero adjustment
means provided in an instrument to cause a parallel shift in the input-output relationship

60873-1  IEC:2003(E) – 7 –
4 General testing procedures
General requirements for measurement procedure will be found in Clause 7 of IEC 61298-1.
Other specific procedures can be found below.
4.1 Selection of ranges for test
Where there are switched ranges (or dial settings), for example, gain, the tests shall be
repeated to cover all ranges. Where the DUT is supplied calibrated for use, the first set of tests
shall be carried out without adjustment.
a) The recorder shall be put into operation according to the manufacturer's instructions; in
particular, those relating to the preliminary adjustments.
NOTE The chart and ink supplied by the manufacturer for the recorders should be used for all tests.
b) Unless otherwise stated, where the span is adjustable other than to take up manufacturing
tolerances, the tests should be carried out with the span adjustment set approximately at
the manufacturer's stated minimum and maximum and at an intermediate value.
c) Unless otherwise stated, where the zero adjustment is adjustable other than to take up
manufacturing tolerances, such as devices equipped with means for suppression or
elevation of zero, the tests should be carried out with the elevation/suppression adjustment
set for its minimal effect, then at its extreme values.
If the extent of adjustment is more than twice the maximum span, tests should also be carried
out with the adjustment set approximately at the arithmetic mean of the two extreme values of
elevation and/or suppression (see also 4.1.1.2 of IEC 61298-2).
NOTE Testing of an instrument with provision for substantial adjustment of both span and zero in accordance with
4.1b) and 4.1c) may require an impractically large number of tests. Preliminary tests should be conducted to
determine the effect of changing span and zero adjustments on the characteristic being measured so that
redundant tests can be eliminated from the test programme in cases where the characteristic can be inferred
reliably from fewer tests. For example, hysteresis and dead band may not be significantly affected by selection of
the lower and upper range value if the span is held constant and may often be calculated for different spans from
measurements at a single-span setting. In any case, the report should clearly indicate relevant values of the
measured parameters for each setting of the adjustments so that the values of measured error, hysteresis, dead
band, etc., are all referenced to the same adjustment of the recorder.
4.2 Zero and span adjustment
Zero and span should be adjusted to make the actual characteristic conform closely to ideal
values at the upper and lower range limits before carrying out each test specified in this
standard. When this is done, the fact shall be stated in the evaluation report.
4.3 Information to be reported
Unless otherwise agreed, the test results shall be expressed as percentages of output span.
When performance characteristics are specified, they shall be tabulated beside the actual test
results.
The limit of error of the measuring systems used for the test shall be stated in the test report
and should be smaller than, or equal to, one-quarter of the stated limit of error of the
instrument tested.
4.4 Other procedures
a) An adequate time, as specified by the manufacturer, shall be allowed after switching on the
power supply in order to allow temperature within the instrument to stabilize. In the absence
of a manufacture’s specification, a period of at least 30 min should be allowed.

– 8 – 60873-1  IEC:2003(E)
b) In performing tests on a multiple-channel recording instrument, the measured quantity shall
be applied to the instrument under test and to a reference instrument and shall be varied so
that the required value is shown on the reference instrument. The determination of
deviations shall be carried out by using first one of the channels and then, successively, the
other channels. Input values should generally be selected in such a way that the recorded
values are produced on different points on the chart to provide best discrimination between
the recorded values. (In the case of certain tests such as checking zero and span, this is
not possible.)
For these types of instruments, it is generally more convenient to adjust the input to obtain
the true output values and then record the value of the input.
c) Errors shall be determined as departure from the input/output relationship specified by the
manufacturer where the manufacturer’s settings before delivery are used. In other cases,
reference must also be made to the adjustments and settings put in by the tester.
5 Conditions during tests
5.1 Environmental
The environmental test conditions shall be in accordance with 6.1 of IEC 61298-1, which also
discusses how to deal with small variations from the standard conditions. These conditions
apply to all the tests that are dealt with in this standard, except when otherwise stated.
5.2 Supplies
5.2.1 Reference values for power supplies
Reference values are those specified by the manufacturer.
5.2.2 Tolerances
The tolerances shall be those given in 6.2.2 of IEC 61298-1 unless closer tolerances are
agreed between user and manufacturer. These are as follows.
Electrical supply
Rated voltage: ±1 %
Rated frequency: ±1 %
Harmonic distortion (a.c. supply): less than 5 %
Ripple (d.c. supply): less than 0,1 %
Pneumatic power supply
Rated pressure: ±1 %
Supply air temperature: ambient temperature ± 2 °C
Supply air humidity: dew-point at least 10 °C belo
...

IEC 60873-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2003-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders for use in industrial-process
systems –
Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation

Enregistreurs analogiques électriques et pneumatiques sur papier diagramme,
utilisés dans les systèmes de commande des processus industriels –
Partie 1: Méthodes d’évaluation des performances

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IEC 60873-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2003-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders for use in industrial-process

systems –
Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation

Enregistreurs analogiques électriques et pneumatiques sur papier diagramme,

utilisés dans les systèmes de commande des processus industriels –

Partie 1: Méthodes d’évaluation des performances

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX Q
ICS 25.040.40 ISBN 978-2-83220-540-2

– 2 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC ANALOGUE CHART RECORDERS
FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS SYSTEMS –

Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60873-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 65B: Devices, of IEC
technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement and control.
This first edition of IEC 60873-1 cancels and replaces IEC 60873 (1986) and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition concern the updating of methods for
inspection and routine testing of devices, and recorder testing requirements now comply with
IEC 61298.
This bilingual version (2012-12) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in
2003-10.
60873-1  IEC:2003 – 3 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
65B/494/FDIS 65B/511/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61298.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2009. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 4 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
INTRODUCTION
The methods of evaluation specified in this part of IEC 60873 are intended for use by
manufacturers to determine the performance of their products and by users or independent
testing establishments to verify manufacturers’ performance specifications.
The test conditions in this standard, for example, the range of ambient temperatures and power
supply, represent those which commonly arise in use. Consequently, the values specified
herein shall be used where no other values are specified by the manufacturer.
The tests specified in this standard are not necessarily sufficient for instruments specifically
designed for unusually arduous duties. Conversely, a restricted series of tests may be suitable
for instruments designed to perform within a more limited range of conditions.
It will be appreciated that the closest communication should be maintained between the
evaluating body and the manufacturer. Note should be taken of the manufacturer's
specifications for the instrument when the test programme is being decided, and the
manufacturer should be invited to comment on both the test programmes and the results.

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 5 –
ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC ANALOGUE CHART RECORDERS
FOR USE IN INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS SYSTEMS –

Part 1: Methods for performance evaluation

1 Scope and object
This part of Some tests should not apply to all instruments and additional tests may be required
for certain types of recorders.
The object of this standard is to
When a full evaluation in accordance with this standard is not required, those tests which are
IEC 60873 provides methods for determining the performance of all electrical and pneumatic
analogue chart recorders operating from a standardized signal which may be used in process
control. It is intended that continuous and dotted-line traces, multiple-pen and multiple-channel
instruments should be covered.
specify uniform methods of test for the evaluation of the performance of electrical and
pneumatic analogue chart recorders operating from a standardized signal which may be used
in process control.
required should be performed and the results reported in accordance with those parts of the
standard which are relevant. It should be made clear in such a report that the evaluation
reported is not a full evaluation and the parts omitted should be indicated.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-351:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 351: Automatic
control
IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61187:1993, Electric and electronic measuring equipment – Documentation
IEC 61298-1:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 1: General considerations
IEC 61298-2:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 2: Tests under reference conditions
IEC 61298-3:1998, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 3: Tests for the effects of influence quantities
IEC 61298-4:1995, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluation performance – Part 4: Evaluation report content

– 6 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-351 and in
IEC 61298-1, IEC 61298-2 and IEC 61298-3 together with the following additional definitions,
apply.
3.1
friction effect
in the case of continuous line recorders, effect which friction of the marking device on the chart
may have on the record even though the chart is moving slowly
3.2
measuring range
region between the limits within which a quantity is measured, or received, expressed by
stating the lower and upper range values (for example, 0 Pa, 20 Pa).
NOTE Instruments may be supplied with manual or automatic means of adjusting the range. As used in this
standard, the term "range" and the definitions below apply to the characteristics of the instruments for a specified
setting of the adjustment means.
The zero value of the measured variable is "elevated" if it is greater than the lowest range
value and "suppressed" if it is less than the lowest range value
3.3
output
position of the marking device of a recorder.
If an indicator is directly connected to the marking device, the indicated value is tested as a
second output (see 10.4 for remarks on parallax)
3.4
recorder
instrument which records, with a pen or other marking device, the instantaneous, effective or
average value of the signal
3.5
recorder, multiple-pen
recorder for more than one input signal providing an individual pen or other marking device for
each input signal
3.6
recorder, multiple-channel
recorder for more than one input signal which successively connects its internal measuring
circuit(s) to different input signals, thereby recording the values of the input signals in
sequence
3.7
record
trace marked on the instrument chart in response to an input signal
3.8
time per point
time interval between two immediately successive readings of a multiple-channel recorder,
generally of signals in different external measuring circuits
3.9
zero adjustment
means provided in an instrument to cause a parallel shift in the input-output relationship

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 7 –
4 General testing procedures
General requirements for measurement procedure will be found in Clause 7 of IEC 61298-1.
Other specific procedures can be found below.
4.1 Selection of ranges for test
Where there are switched ranges (or dial settings), for example, gain, the tests shall be
repeated to cover all ranges. Where the DUT is supplied calibrated for use, the first set of tests
shall be carried out without adjustment.
a) The recorder shall be put into operation according to the manufacturer's instructions; in
particular, those relating to the preliminary adjustments.
NOTE The chart and ink supplied by the manufacturer for the recorders should be used for all tests.
b) Unless otherwise stated, where the span is adjustable other than to take up manufacturing
tolerances, the tests should be carried out with the span adjustment set approximately at
the manufacturer's stated minimum and maximum and at an intermediate value.
c) Unless otherwise stated, where the zero adjustment is adjustable other than to take up
manufacturing tolerances, such as devices equipped with means for suppression or
elevation of zero, the tests should be carried out with the elevation/suppression adjustment
set for its minimal effect, then at its extreme values.
If the extent of adjustment is more than twice the maximum span, tests should also be carried
out with the adjustment set approximately at the arithmetic mean of the two extreme values of
elevation and/or suppression (see also 4.1.1.2 of IEC 61298-2).
NOTE Testing of an instrument with provision for substantial adjustment of both span and zero in accordance with
4.1b) and 4.1c) may require an impractically large number of tests. Preliminary tests should be conducted to
determine the effect of changing span and zero adjustments on the characteristic being measured so that
redundant tests can be eliminated from the test programme in cases where the characteristic can be inferred
reliably from fewer tests. For example, hysteresis and dead band may not be significantly affected by selection of
the lower and upper range value if the span is held constant and may often be calculated for different spans from
measurements at a single-span setting. In any case, the report should clearly indicate relevant values of the
measured parameters for each setting of the adjustments so that the values of measured error, hysteresis, dead
band, etc., are all referenced to the same adjustment of the recorder.
4.2 Zero and span adjustment
Zero and span should be adjusted to make the actual characteristic conform closely to ideal
values at the upper and lower range limits before carrying out each test specified in this
standard. When this is done, the fact shall be stated in the evaluation report.
4.3 Information to be reported
Unless otherwise agreed, the test results shall be expressed as percentages of output span.
When performance characteristics are specified, they shall be tabulated beside the actual test
results.
The limit of error of the measuring systems used for the test shall be stated in the test report
and should be smaller than, or equal to, one-quarter of the stated limit of error of the
instrument tested.
4.4 Other procedures
a) An adequate time, as specified by the manufacturer, shall be allowed after switching on the
power supply in order to allow temperature within the instrument to stabilize. In the absence
of a manufacture’s specification, a period of at least 30 min should be allowed.

– 8 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
b) In performing tests on a multiple-channel recording instrument, the measured quantity shall
be applied to the instrument under test and to a reference instrument and shall be varied so
that the required value is shown on the reference instrument. The determination of
deviations shall be carried out by using first one of the channels and then, successively, the
other channels. Input values should generally be selected in such a way that the recorded
values are produced on different points on the chart to provide best discrimination between
the recorded values. (In the case of certain tests such as checking zero and span, this is
not possible.)
For these types of instruments, it is generally more convenient to adjust the input to obtain
the true output values and then record the value of the input.
c) Errors shall be determined as departure from the input/output relationship specified by the
manufacturer where the manufacturer’s settings before delivery are used. In other cases,
reference must also be made to the adjustments and settings put in by the tester.
5 Conditions during tests
5.1 Environmental
The environmental test conditions shall be in accordance with 6.1 of IEC 61298-1, which also
discusses how to deal with small variations from the standard conditions. These conditions
apply to all the tests that are dealt with in this standard, except when otherwise stated.
5.2 Supplies
5.2.1 Reference values for power supplies
Reference values are those specified by the manufacturer.
5.2.2 Tolerances
The tolerances shall be those given in 6.2.2 of IEC 61298-1 unless closer tolerances are
agreed between user and manufacturer. These are as follows.
Electrical supply
Rated voltage: ±1 %
Rated frequency: ±1 %
Harmonic distortion (a.c. supply): less than 5 %
Ripple (d.c. supply): less than 0,1 %
Pneumatic power supply
Rated pressure: ±1 %
Supply air temperature: ambient temperature ± 2 °C
Supply air humidity: dew-point at least 10 °C below recorder body temperature
Oil and dust free
–6
NOTE An oil content not greater than 1 × 10 by weight and absence of dust particles greater than 3 µm is
considered to be an "oil- and dust-free" supply.
5.3 Other
Input signals: spurious induced voltage or pressure fluctuation shall be minimized in order to
have a negligible effect on the measurement.
Recorder position during the test shall be one of the normal operating positions specified by
the manufacturer. Only one of any permitted positions shall be used throughout the tests.

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 9 –
6 Test procedures
The following tests are suitable for industrial-process recorders. In general, each applicable
test should be conducted on a given recorder if a full evaluation report is planned. If a test has
been omitted this should be stated, together with the reason.
For the purpose of this standard the procedures for tests under reference conditions (for
example, accuracy-related factors, dynamic behaviour, etc.) specified in IEC 61298-2 apply,
together with the additional information below.
6.1 Accuracy-related factors
6.1.1 General
Prior to recording observations, the recorder shall be exercised by three full-range traverses in
each direction.
At each point being observed, the input shall be held steady until the pen becomes stabilized at
its apparent final value.
Tapping the instrument under test is not allowed. The instrument should be handled as
specified by the manufacturer.
Deviations are determined for increasing and decreasing values of the measured quantity
according to the following methods.
a) Continuous line recorder
The chart being driven, the input signal shall be applied to the recorder under test and to a
reference instrument and progressively changed in such a way as to avoid overshoot until
the required value is reached on the reference instrument. Friction effects are included in
the limits of error.
b) Dotted-line recorder (single-channel)
The measured quantity shall be applied to the instrument under test and to a reference
instrument and shall be varied so that the required value is shown on the reference
instrument.
c) Dotted-line recorder (multiple-channel)
The measurement of errors shall be carried out in the same manner as for single-channel
dotted-line recorders (see item b) of 6.1.1), by first using one of the channels and then,
successively, the other channels.
For each determination using increasing values, all the unused channel(s) shall be energized
so that the recorded point(s) correspond to the lower limit of the span.
6.1.2 Measurement cycle
Maintain test conditions and pre-condition the device under test as indicated in 6.1.1. Observe
and record output values for each input value for at least three, but preferably five, full-range
traverses in each direction.
The final input must be approached from the same direction as the initial input. Apply the input
in such a way that neither input nor output overshoot occurs.

– 10 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
6.1.3 Error tabulation
Determine the difference between each observed output value and its corresponding ideal
output value. This difference is the error and shall be expressed as a percentage of output
span. A positive error denotes that the observed output value is greater than the ideal output
value.
Compute the following:
a) average upscale error – the arithmetic mean of the errors at each test point for the upscale
readings of each measurement cycle;
b) average downscale error – the arithmetic mean of the errors at each test point for the
downscale readings of each measurement cycle;
c) average error – the arithmetic mean of all upscale and downscale readings at each test
point.
Record error values, average upscale error values, average downscale error values, and
average error values.
6.1.4 Error curve
Plot the following error curves versus percentage input:
– average upscale error;
– average downscale error;
– average error.
6.2 Measured error
This shall be determined as required in 4.1.7.2 of IEC 61298-2. Unless otherwise stated in the
report, and, where it is not contrary to the manufacturer's adjustment instructions, the instru-
ment shall be adjusted for minimum error at the lower and upper range values before the test.
6.3 Conformity (terminal-based), hysteresis and repeatability
These factors shall be determined directly from the error curve as required by 4.1.7 of
IEC 61298-2.
6.4 Dead band
The procedure shall be exactly the same as in 4.2 of IEC 61298-2, taking into account the
chart speed. Therefore, the chart speed should be sufficiently low for the pen movement not to
be affected by the movement of the paper.
7 Effect of influence quantities
For the purpose of this standard, the test procedures specified in IEC 61298-3 apply. Unless
otherwise stated, these effects shall be assessed by determining the change in the lower range
value and the span due to the following changes in conditions of use taken individually. The
other conditions of use remain constant at the reference values. Rates of change of influence
quantities shall be sufficiently slow to ensure that no overshoot occurs at any location in the
recorder under test.
NOTE 1 If necessary and agreed upon, measurement of output should be made at a sufficient number of input
values to permit assessment of any significant effect of influence quantities on conformity, hysteresis, etc.
NOTE 2 Chart drive speed and chart paper may also be affected by influence quantities.

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 11 –
Reference
Clause to clause or
or sub- Designation subclause Test methods and description of procedures
clause in
IEC 61298-3
7.1 Mains power Subclause
supply variations 12.1
7.2 Short-term supply Subclause To determine the behaviour of the recorder when switching from
interruptions 12.4 the specified supply to another
7.3 Power supply Subclause
depression 12.3
7.4 Power supply Subclause Unless otherwise agreed, the spike energy shall be 0,1 J, and the
transient 12.5 amplitude 100 % and 500 % of mains r.m.s. voltage
overvoltages
7.5 Reverse supply Subclause
volts 12.7
7.6 Pneumatic supply Subclause Applies only to pneumatically powered recorders
variations 12.8
7.7 Electrical
interference
7.7.1 Common mode Subclause
13.1
7.7.2 Normal series Subclause
mode 13.2
7.7.3 Radiated e-m Clause 16
7.7.4 Magnetic effects Clause 15 Effect of mains frequency field on recorder output. Not applicable
to pneumatic output instruments
7.8 Earthing Subclause
13.3
7.9 Input lead Subclause Effect on output of changing input circuit resistance over specified
resistance 6.2 of range. Same resistance in each line
IEC 61298-2
7.10 Environmental
7.10.1 Ambient Clause 5 Special attention shall be paid to the quality of the recording on the
temperature chart
7.10.2 Humidity Clause 6
7.11 Mounting position Clause 9 Special attention shall be paid to the quality of the recording on the
chart
7.12 Shock, drop, Clause 8
topple
7.13 Mechanical Clause 7 Prior to each test, set pen to 50 %. During resonance search note
vibration all deviations exceeding 1 % and frequency in endurance test note
max. ± deviations
7.14 Over-range Clause 10
7.15 Purge gas flow Clause 22 Note the flow through the recorder

– 12 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
8 Stability
Reference
Clause to clause or
or sub- Designation subclause Test methods and description of procedures
clause in
IEC 61298-3
8.1 Start-up drift Subclause After 24 h unenergized, apply power supply and a 10 % signal input
7.1 of and measure the changes in output that occur after 5 min, 1 h and
IEC 61298-2 4 h. Switch off and after 24 h repeat with a 90 % input signal
8.2 Long-term drift Clause 24
8.3 Accelerated test of Clause 23 It is possible to combine this test with 9.1 For multi-channel
operational life recorders, the input signals shall give equally spaced recordings
but pens do not hit a stop
9 Quality of recording
A chart speed of 20 mm/h should be used, ink and paper to be in accordance with recorder
Reference
Clause to clause or
or sub- Designation subclause Test methods and description of procedures
clause in
IEC 61298-3
9.1 Long-term test The instrument shall be connected as for normal operation with all
the pens operating. Alternating input(s) shall be applied with a
peak-to-peak amplitude equal to half the span and equally spaced
between the upper and lower range input values
The frequency selected shall be such that all recorded traces can
be clearly distinguished (not more than 1 cycle/mm chart travel)
After at least a full set of charts has been recorded and at least
10 000 cycles have been completed, it shall be noted
a) whether all traces are without interruption of the ink flow;
b) whether the widths of the recorded line(s) change during the
test;
c) for multiple channel recorders, whether the ink colours change
after crossing different colour traces over a distance longer than
5 mm
NOTE It is permissible to combine this test with 8.3.
9.2 Smear test Under the conditions of 12.2, input frequency f is increased until no
single pen line can be distinguished and the paper is fully "painted"
NOTE With this frequency f, the recorder is operated for a period
of 24 h or over at least a chart length of 500 mm (where
applicable). It shall be noted
a) whether the paper was damaged and the ink penetrated on to
the chart platen;
b) whether the ink flow was interrupted;
c) whether there were any ink droplets or blotches
9.3 Marking velocity By applying a ramp or triangular input signal of increasing velocity,
test the highest velocity (in percentage of span/s), at which the trace in
both directions has no broken lines, is determined and noted
It should be noted whether the device marks again at lower velo-
cities after the line has been interrupted in the above test

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 13 –
10 Miscellaneous
10.1 Safety
This instrument shall be checked against the requirements of IEC 61010-1.
10.2 Power consumption
10.2.1 Electrical power consumption
With the instrument operating at maximum energy consumption, the maximum W or VA
consumed shall be measured and reported. The measurement shall be made at the nominal
voltage and frequency and at the maximum voltage and minimum frequency specified by the
manufacturer.
10.2.2 Pneumatic power consumption
The air consumption to the instrument at upper and lower range input values, and at the
/h.
maximum air consumption, shall be measured and reported in m
10.3 Chart speed
The measured inaccuracy of chart timing shall be determined over intervals of not less than
24 h.
10.4 Parallax
The means provided for avoiding parallax in reading the indicator shall be noted and described.
If none are provided, readings shall be viewed at an angle of no more than 10° each side of
normal to the scale with the indicator set at mid-scale, and the results noted.
11 Effect of open-circuited and short-circuited input
Each electrical input connection shall be interrupted in turn for 5 min and the ultimate steady
outputs noted. The times taken to reach these values shall also be recorded. A similar test
shall be performed with the electrical input connections shorted together.
12 Dynamic behaviour
Testing shall be carried out with the span adjusted to the approximate mean of the maximum
and minimum span and with the lower range value set approximately at the mid-point of its
permissible range of adjustment.
If there are other adjustments, which modify the dynamic behaviour of the recorder, tests shall
be carried out with the adjustments set to have their minimum and maximum effects.
12.1 Step response
A series of step changes shall be applied to the input of the instruments as specified below.
The rise time of the step input shall be small compared with the instrument response time, both
being recorded for the following:
a) steps corresponding to 80 % of output span from 10 % to 90 % then from 90 % to 10 %;
b) steps corresponding to 10 % of output span up and down as follows:
5 % – 15 %; 45 % – 55 % and 85 % – 95 %.

– 14 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
The time for the output to reach and remain within 1 % of the span of its steady value shall be
measured for each test condition.
This test should be conducted either
a) with the instrument at its maximum chart speed if this is fast enough to allow accurate time
analysis of the record;
b) by applying the abrupt change in measured signal for precisely timed intervals, the length of
the interval being varied in small steps and the interval during which balance is achieved
representing the response time.
NOTE If overshoot occurs, then the recorded response time figures should include the overshoot. The amount of
overshoot beyond the point of final balance should also be noted and expressed as a percentage of span.
12.2 Frequency response
The peak-to-peak amplitude of the sinusoidal signal applied to the input shall be sufficient to
allow a valid measurement while keeping a relatively low value (not exceeding 20 % of span).
The frequency of the input signal shall be increased in increments from an initial value
sufficiently low to approximate zero-frequency conditions (not above 0,005 Hz) to a higher
frequency at which the output is attenuated to approximately one-half of its initial amplitude.
At least one complete cycle of the input and output shall be recorded at each frequency step.
The results of these tests shall be presented graphically in the following form:
a) the gain relative to zero-frequency gain shall be plotted against frequency on a logarithmic
scale;
b) the phase lag between the output and input shall be plotted against frequency on a
logarithmic scale.
From the graphs, the following shall be determined:
a) the frequency at which the relative gain is 0,7;
b) the frequency at which the phase lag is 45°;
c) the maximum relative gain and the corresponding frequency and phase angle.
12.3 Time per point (multi-channel recorder)
12.3.1 For recorders which print on a fixed time cycle
Input signals equivalent to full span and zero shall be applied alternately to successive input
terminals. It should be noted whether the instrument balances and records within the accuracy
rating. The time between each printed record should be noted.
12.3.2 For recorders which print when a balance point is reached
Input signals equivalent to full span and zero shall be applied alternately to successive input
terminals to measure the maximum time per point.
13 Test report
The tests should be reported in the form specified in IEC 61298-4. The test report should
include the following:
– date and place of tests;
– reference to this standard;
60873-1  IEC:2003 – 15 –
– identification characteristics of the instrument tested (type, model, serial number, etc.);
– ambient test conditions and corrections applied as specified in this standard;
– any significant occurrences likely to have influenced the results;
when performance characteristics are specified by the manufacturer, they shall be tabulated
alongside the actual test results.

– 16 – 60873-1  IEC:2003
Annex A
(normative)
Other considerations
A.1 General
Procedures for installation, routine maintenance and adjustment, repairs and overhaul should
be examined by the actual performance of the required operations. This should be performed
in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, so that an evaluation of the instructions can
be carried out concurrently.
A.2 Safety (see IEC 61010-1)
Recorders designed for mains supply will be examined to determine their degree of protection
against electrical hazards.
A.3 Documentary information (see IEC 61187)
All the relevant documentary information supplied by the manufacturer, automatically and on
request, should be listed.
If this does not contain a clear description, with adequate diagrams, of the operation of the
recorder, or an adequate parts list and specifications, the nature of the inadequacy should be
noted.
Additionally, any certificates indicating explosion protection of electrically powered recorders
should be listed.
This information should give details of the certificate numbers and the degree of protection
provided.
A.4 Installation
The recorder should be installed and set to work according to the manufacturer’s instructions,
taking account of the various applications which may be met in practice and which require
different procedures.
The method of mounting specified by the manufacturer should be reported. Any restrictions on
the use of the recorder caused by this method of mounting shall be noted with explanations.
Any other aspects that may seem relevant to the ease or difficulty of installation should be
noted with explanations.
A.5 Routine maintenance and adjustment
The operations considered necessary for routine maintenance and adjustment should be
carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (As a guide, this should refer to
those operations which should be done at least four times a year.)

60873-1  IEC:2003 – 17 –
Any aspects that are relevant to the ease or difficulty of the effects of performing these
operations should be noted, giving reasons.
A.6 Repair
It is usual for recorders to be capable of division into a number of subassemblies and for
manufacturers to detail repair procedures in terms of the removal and replacement of such
subassemblies, which may or may not be suitable for further dismantling by users. To assess
the ease with which repairs may be done, the subassemblies should be removed one at a time,
each shall be dismantled as far as is permissible and any parts damaged or otherwise requiring
replacement should be renewed.
Any aspects which are relevant to the ease or difficulty of performing these repairs should be
noted, giving reasons.
A.7 Protective finishes
The protective finishes on external parts specified by the manufacturer should be listed with
relevant comments.
A.8 Design features
Any aspects of design or construction likely to cause difficulties in use should be listed with
reasons, as well as any features which appear to be of particular interest, for example, the
degree of enclosure of the working parts, interchangeability of spares, and weatherproofing.
A.9 Variants
Important variants or options should be noted.
A.10 Tools and equipment
Tools and equipment essential to the installation, maintenance and repair should be listed.

___________
– 18 – 60873-1  CEI:2003
COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
______________
ENREGISTREURS ANALOGIQUES ÉLECTRIQUES ET PNEUMATIQUES
SUR PAPIER DIAGRAMME, UTILISÉS DANS LES SYSTÈMES
DE COMMANDE DES PROCESSUS INDUSTRIELS –

Partie 1: Méthodes d’évaluation des performances

AVANT-PROPOS
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