IEC TR 61282-13:2014
(Main)Fibre optic communication system design guides - Part 13: Guidance on in-service PMD and CD characterization of fibre optic links
Fibre optic communication system design guides - Part 13: Guidance on in-service PMD and CD characterization of fibre optic links
IEC/TR 61282-13:2014 which is a technical report, presents general information about in-service measurements of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and chromatic dispersion (CD) in fibre optic links. It describes the background and need for these measurements, the various methods and techniques developed thus far, and their possible implementations for practical applications. Key words: polarization mode dispersion (PMD), chromatic dispersion (CD), fibre optic links
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC TR 61282-13 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Fibre optic communication system design guides –
Part 13: Guidance on in-service PMD and CD characterization of fibre optic links
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IEC TR 61282-13 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Fibre optic communication system design guides –
Part 13: Guidance on in-service PMD and CD characterization of fibre optic links
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
X
ICS 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-1572-2
– 2 – IEC TR 61282-13:2014 IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Symbols, acronyms and abbreviated terms . 7
4 Background . 9
5 Non-intrusive fibre characterization . 12
5.1 PMD measurement via polarization-sensitive spectral analysis . 12
5.1.1 Introductory remark . 12
5.1.2 Measurement principle. 13
5.1.3 Methods for measuring ∆τ via polarization analysis . 15
eff
5.1.4 Measurement accuracy . 19
5.1.5 Measurement set-up example . 21
5.2 CD and PMD measurements based on high-speed intensity detection . 22
5.2.1 Introductory remark . 22
5.2.2 Asynchronous waveform sampling . 24
5.2.3 RF spectral analysis . 29
5.3 CD and PMD measurements based on high-speed coherent detection . 32
5.3.1 Introductory remark . 32
5.3.2 Heterodyne detection . 33
5.3.3 Direct detection with optical CD or PMD compensation . 33
5.3.4 Electronic CD and PMD compensation in intradyne coherent receiver. 35
6 Semi-intrusive fibre characterization with special probe signals . 37
6.1 CD measurement using multi-tone probe signal . 37
6.1.1 Introductory remark . 37
6.1.2 Differential phase shift method with narrowband probe signals . 37
6.1.3 Issues of transmitting alien probe signals . 41
6.1.4 Exemplary procedure for in-service CD measurements . 42
6.2 PMD measurement with special probe signals. 43
6.2.1 Introductory remark . 43
6.2.2 Probe signal generator for PMD measurements . 43
Bibliography . 45
Figure 1 – Out-of-service fibre characterization with broadband optical probe signal . 9
Figure 2 – In-service fibre characterization with non-intrusive method . 10
Figure 3 – Semi-intrusive in-service fibre characterization using narrowband probe
signal . 11
Figure 4 – Rayleigh PDF for ∆τ compared with Maxwellian PDF for ∆τ . 14
eff
Figure 5 – PMD-induced polarization rotation within the spectrum of a modulated signal . 15
Figure 6 – Set-up for measuring PMD-induced polarization rotations in optical signals. 16
Figure 7 – Modified set-up for measuring PMD-induced polarization rotations . 16
Figure 8 – Sequence of polarization transformations leading to a scan with P ≈ P at
p s
ν=0 (left) and corresponding power ratios (right) . 17
Figure 9 – Sequence of polarization transformations with P ≈ P at ν=0 (left) and
p s
corresponding rotation angles (right) . 18
Figure 10 – Apparatus using coherent detection to measure ∆τ . 21
eff
Figure 11 – Apparatus for GVD measurements in a transmitted signal using a high-
speed receiver with time-domain waveform analysis or, alternatively, RF spectrum
analysis . 23
Figure 12 – Set-up for determining the sign of the GVD in the fibre link with an
additional optical CD element of known GVD magnitude and sign . 24
Figure 13 – Asynchronous sampling of the waveform of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal . 25
Figure 14 – Asynchronously sampled waveform histograms of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK
signal without dispersion, with 1 000 ps/nm GVD, and with 48 ps DGD . 26
Figure 15 – Asynchronous waveform analysis with two successive samples per symbol
period . 26
Figure 16 – Apparatus for asynchronous waveform analysis with time-delayed dual
sampling . 27
Figure 17 – Phase portraits of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal with various amounts of
GVD and DGD . 28
Figure 18 – Phase portraits of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal wherein the time delay
between each sample pair is set to half the symbol period . 29
Figure 19 – RF spectra of directly detected 10 Gbit/s NRZ- and RZ-OOK signals
distorted by various amounts of GVD . 30
Figure 20 – Magnitude of the clock frequency component in the RF spectra of 10 Gbit/s
NRZ- and RZ-OOK signals as a function of GVD . 30
Figure 21 – Impact of PMD on the RF spectra of directly detected 10 Gbit/s NRZ- and
RZ-OOK signals . 31
Figure 22 – Apparatus for simultaneous GVD and DGD measurements on NRZ- or RZ-
OOK signals using separate detectors for upper and lower modulation sidebands . 31
Figure 23 – Optical filtering of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal for separate detection of
upper and lower modulation sidebands . 32
Figure 24 – RF power spectrum of a 10 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK signal detected with an
optical heterodyne receiver . 33
Figure 25 – Apparatus for measuring GVD with calibrated optical CD compensator . 34
Figure 26 – Apparatus for measuring PMD with calibrated optical DGD compensator. 35
Figure 27 – Coherent optical receiver with high-speed digital signal processing and
electronic CD and PMD compensation . 36
Figure 28 – Spectrum of an amplitude modulated dual-wavelength probe signal . 38
Figure 29 – Signal generator and analyser for dual-wavelength probe signal . 39
Figure 30 – Four-wavelength probe signal generator using high-speed modulator . 39
Figure 31 – Example of end-to-end CD measurements in 6 unused WDM channels . 40
Figure 32 – In-service CD measurement with broadband probe signal . 41
Figure 33 – Modified dual-wavelength probe signal with un-modulated carrier . 42
Figure 34 – Probe signal generator for PMD measurements . 44
– 4 – IEC TR 61282-13:2014 IEC 2014
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDES –
Part 13: Guidance on in-service PMD and
CD characterization of fibre optic links
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