IEC TR 62874:2015
(Main)Guidance on the interpretation of carbon dioxide and 2-furfuraldehyde as markers of paper thermal degradation in insulating mineral oil
Guidance on the interpretation of carbon dioxide and 2-furfuraldehyde as markers of paper thermal degradation in insulating mineral oil
IEC TR 62874:2015 is a Technical Report which provides guidance for the estimation of consumed thermal life of transformers' cellulosic insulators, through the analysis of some compound dissolved in the insulating mineral oil. A comparison between analytical results of 2-furfural (2-FAL) and carbon oxides and their correspondent typical values estimated for different families of equipment gives information on the estimated thermal degradation of papers.
Guide pour l'interprétation du dioxyde de carbone et du 2-furfuraldéhyde comme marqueurs de la dégradation thermique du papier dans de l'huile minérale isolante
L'IEC TR 62874:2015, qui est un rapport technique, est destiné à estimer la vie thermique consommée de l'isolation cellulosique d'un transformateur, grâce à l'analyse de certains composés dissous dans l'huile minérale isolante. Une comparaison entre les résultats d'analyse de 2-furfural (2-FAL) et d oxyde de carbone et de leurs valeurs types correspondantes estimées pour différentes familles d'équipement donne des informations sur la dégradation thermique estimée des papiers.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC TR 62874 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
RAPPORT
TECHNIQUE
Guidance on the interpretation of carbon dioxide and 2-furfuraldehyde as
markers of paper thermal degradation in insulating mineral oil
Guide pour l’interprétation du dioxyde de carbone et du 2-furfuraldéhyde
comme marqueurs de la dégradation thermique du papier dans de l’huile
minérale isolante
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IEC TR 62874 ®
Edition 1.0 2015-05
TECHNICAL
REPORT
RAPPORT
TECHNIQUE
Guidance on the interpretation of carbon dioxide and 2-furfuraldehyde as
markers of paper thermal degradation in insulating mineral oil
Guide pour l’interprétation du dioxyde de carbone et du 2-furfuraldéhyde
comme marqueurs de la dégradation thermique du papier dans de l’huile
minérale isolante
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.040.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3085-5
– 2 – IEC TR 62874:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Significance . 8
3.1 General . 8
3.2 Thermal and mechanical degradation of paper . 8
3.2.1 General . 8
3.2.2 Impact of temperature . 8
3.2.3 Impact of humidity and oxygen . 9
3.3 Symptoms of paper ageing in insulating oil . 10
3.3.1 General . 10
3.3.2 Volatile by-products . 11
3.3.3 Soluble by-products . 11
3.3.4 Insoluble by-products . 11
3.4 Operational parameters influencing paper thermal ageing . 11
3.5 Role of oil type and condition . 12
3.6 Fault conditions that may affect thermal ageing . 12
3.7 Maintenance operations that may affect thermal ageing indicators . 13
3.7.1 General . 13
3.7.2 Effects of oil reconditioning . 13
3.7.3 Effects of oil reclamation . 13
3.7.4 Effects of oil change . 13
4 Monitoring protocol . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Parameters . 14
4.2.1 Basic monitoring . 14
4.2.2 Complementary monitoring . 14
4.3 Recommended testing frequencies . 14
5 Typical values of paper ageing symptoms . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Families of equipment . 15
6 Estimation of paper thermal degradation and ageing rate . 16
6.1 General approach . 16
6.2 Practice . 16
7 Actions . 17
Annex A (informative) Typical values tables . 19
A.1 General warning . 19
A.2 2-FAL typical values . 19
A.2.1 General . 19
A.2.2 Family: GSU (generation step-up units) . 19
A.2.3 Family: network transmission units . 20
A.2.4 Family: large distribution units . 20
A.2.5 Family: industrial distribution units . 20
A.2.6 Family: LVDC units . 21
A.3 Carbon dioxide typical values. 21
A.3.1 General . 21
A.3.2 Family: GSU (generation step-up units) . 21
A.3.3 Family: network transmission units . 21
A.3.4 Family: large distribution units . 22
A.3.5 Family: industrial distribution units . 22
A.3.6 Family: LVDC units . 22
Bibliography . 23
Figure 1 – Schematic diagram showing rate of ageing k, depending on different ageing
mechanisms . 9
Figure 2 – Relationship between mechanical properties of insulating paper and paper
degree of polymerization (DP) [5] . 10
Figure 3 – Example of flow-chart for the estimation of paper degradation conditions . 17
Table A.1 – 2-FAL typical values for GSU transformers, filled with uninhibited mineral
oil (based on a population of 1 860 units) . 19
Table A.2 – 2-FAL typical values for GSU transformers, filled with inhibited mineral oil
(based on a population of 176 units) . 19
Table A.3 – 2-FAL typical values for network transmission transformers, filled with
uninhibited mineral oil (based on a population of 2 845 units) . 20
Table A.4 – 2-FAL typical values for large distribution transformers, with open
breathing conservator, filled with uninhibited mineral oil (based on a population of
7 107 units) . 20
Table A.5 – 2-FAL typical values for large distribution transf
...
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