IEC 61140:2016

Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and equipment

IEC 61140:2016 is available as IEC 61140:2016 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61140:2016 applies to the protection of persons and livestock against electric shock. The intent is to give fundamental principles and requirements which are common to electrical installations, systems and equipment or necessary for their coordination, without limitations with regard to the magnitude of the voltage or current, or the type of current, and for frequencies up to 1 000 Hz. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2001 and Amendment 1:2004. This edition constitutes a technical revision.

Protection contre les chocs électriques - Aspects communs aux installations et aux matériels

L'IEC 61140:2016 est disponible sous forme de IEC 61140:2016 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 61140:2016 est applicable à la protection des personnes et des animaux d'élevage contre les chocs électriques. Elle est destinée à donner des principes fondamentaux et des exigences communes aux installations, aux systèmes et aux matériels électriques, ou nécessaires à leur coordination sans limitation en ce qui concerne l'amplitude de tension ou de courant, ou le type de courant, et pour des fréquences jusqu'à 1 000 Hz. Elle a le statut d'une publication fondamentale de sécurité conformément au Guide IEC 104. Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition parue en 2001 et l'Amendement 1:2004. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Jan-2016
• ICS: 13.260 - Protection against electric shock. Live working
• ICS: 29.020 - Electrical engineering in general
• ICS: 91.140.50 - Electricity supply systems
• Technical Committee: TC 64 - Electrical installations and protection against electric shock
• Drafting Committee: MT 17 - TC 64/MT 17
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 31-Jan-2016
• Completion Date: 07-Jan-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 61140
®

Edition 4.0 2016-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installations and
equipment

Protection contre les chocs électriques – Aspects communs aux installations et
aux matériels

IEC 61140:2016-01(en-fr)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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IEC 61140

®


Edition 4.0 2016-01




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE




BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION

PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ






Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installations and

equipment




Protection contre les chocs électriques – Aspects communs aux installations et

aux matériels
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 13.260; 29.020; 91.140.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-3103-6



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Fundamental rule of protection against electric shock . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Normal conditions . 19
4.3 Single-fault conditions . 20
4.3.1 General . 20
4.3.2 Protection by independent protective provisions . 20
4.3.3 Protection by an enhanced protective provision . 20
4.4 Additional protection . 20
4.5 Protection against electric burns . 21
4.6 Protection against physiological effects without adverse health effect . 21
4.6.1 General . 21
4.6.2 Muscular reaction . 21
4.6.3 Effects of touch current of discharge of electrostatic charges . 22
4.6.4 Thermal effects . 22
5 Protective provisions (elements of protective measures) . 22
5.1 General . 22
5.2 Provisions for basic protection . 22
5.2.1 General . 22
5.2.2 Basic insulation . 22
5.2.3 Protective barriers or enclosures . 23
5.2.4 Obstacles . 23
5.2.5 Placing out of arm's reach . 23
5.2.6 Limitation of voltage . 24
5.2.7 Limitation of steady-state touch current and energy . 24
5.2.8 Potential grading . 25
5.2.9 Other provisions for basic protection . 25
5.3 Provisions for fault protection . 25
5.3.1 General . 25
5.3.2 Supplementary insulation . 25
5.3.3 Protective-equipotential-bonding . 25
5.3.4 Protective screening . 27
5.3.5 Indication and disconnection in high-voltage installations and systems . 27
5.3.6 Automatic disconnection of supply . 27
5.3.7 Simple separation (between circuits) . 28
5.3.8 Non-conducting environment . 28
5.3.9 Potential grading . 28
5.3.10 Other provisions for fault protection . 28
5.4 Enhanced protective provisions. 28
5.4.1 General . 28
5.4.2 Reinforced insulation . 29
5.4.3 Protective separation between circuits . 29
5.4.4 Limited current source . 29

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IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016 – 3 –
5.4.5 Protective impedance device . 29
5.4.6 Other provisions for enhanced protection . 30
5.5 Provisions for additional protection . 30
5.5.1 Additional protection by residual current protective device (RCD)
I∆ ≤ 30 mA . 30
n
5.5.2 Additional protection by supplementary equipotential bonding . 30
6 Protective measures . 30
6.1 General . 30
6.2 Protection by automatic disconnection of supply . 31
6.3 Protection by double or reinforced insulation . 31
6.4 Protection by protective equipotential bonding . 31
6.5 Protection by electrical separation . 31
6.6 Protection by non-conducting environment (low-voltage) . 31
6.7 Protection by SELV system . 32
6.8 Protection by PELV system . 32
6.9 Protection by limitation of steady-state touch current and charge . 32
6.10 Additional protection . 32
6.10.1 Additional protection by residual current protective device (RCD)
I∆ ≤ 30 mA . 32
n
6.10.2 Additional protection by supplementary protective equipotential bonding . 32
6.11 Protection by other measures . 33
7 Co-ordination between electrical equipment and protective provisions within an
electrical installation . 33
7.1 General . 33
7.2 Class 0 equipment . 33
7.3 Class I equipment . 34
7.3.1 General . 34
7.3.2 Insulation . 34
7.3.3 Connection to the protective conductor . 34
7.3.4 Accessible surfaces of parts of insulating material . 34
7.3.5 Connection of a protective conductor . 35
7.4 Class II equipment . 35
7.4.1 General . 35
7.4.2 Insulation . 35
7.4.3 Protective bonding . 36
7.4.4 Marking . 36
7.5 Class III equipment . 36
7.5.1 General . 36
7.5.2 Voltages . 36
7.5.3 Protective bonding . 37
7.5.4 Marking . 37
7.6 Touch currents, protective conductor currents . 37
7.6.1 General . 37
7.6.2 Touch currents . 37
7.6.3 Protective conductor currents . 37
7.6.4 Other requirements . 39
7.6.5 Other effects . 39
7.7 Safety and boundary clearances and hazard marking for high-voltage
installations . 39

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– 4 – IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016
7.8 Functional earthing . 40
8 Special operating and servicing conditions . 40
8.1 General . 40
8.2 Devices to be operated manually and components intended to be replaced
manually . 40
8.2.1 General . 40
8.2.2 Devices to be operated or components intended to be replaced by
ordinary persons in low-voltage installations, systems and equipment . 40
8.2.3 Devices to be operated or components intended to be replaced by
skilled or instructed persons . 41
8.3 Electrical values after isolation . 41
8.4 Devices for isolation. 42
8.4.1 General . 42
8.4.2 Devices for isolation for low voltage . 42
8.4.3 Devices for isolation for high voltage . 43
Annex A (informative) Survey of protective measures as implemented by protective
provisions . 45
Annex B (informative) Index of terms . 48
Annex C (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 53
Bibliography . 54

Figure A.1 – Protective measures with basic and fault protection . 45
Figure A.2 – Protective measures with limited values of electrical quantities . 46
Figure A.3 – Protective measure: additional protection (in addition to basic and/or fault
protection) . 47

Table 1 – Limits for voltage bands . 19
Table 2 – Touch voltage thresholds for reaction . 21
Table 3 – Application of equipment in a low-voltage installation . 33
Table 4 – Maximum protective conductor current for frequencies up to 1 kHz . 38
Table 5 – Maximum protective conductor current for DC . 38
Table 6 – Minimum impulse withstand voltage of devices for isolation related to the
nominal voltage . 43

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IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK –
COMMON ASPECTS FOR INSTALLATION AND EQUIPMENT

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61140 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64:
Electrical installations and protection against electric shock.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2001 and
Amendment 1:2004. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Introduction of the content of IEC 60449
b) Better distinction between provisions and measures
c) Consideration of effects other than ventricular fibrillation
d) Additional protection was introduced
e) ELV defined as part of LV
f) Devices suitable for isolation required for automatic disconnection of supply (LV)

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– 6 – IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016
g) Requirements relating to current in the protective conductor were moved to the main body
of the standard
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
64/2076/FDIS 64/2091/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex C lists all of the “in-some-country”
clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
standard.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016 – 7 –
PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK –
COMMON ASPECTS FOR INSTALLATIONS AND EQUIPMENT



1 Scope
This International Standard is a basic safety publication primarily intended for use by
technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid
down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone standard.
According to IEC Guide 104, technical committees, when preparing, amending, or revising
their publications, are required to make use of any basic safety publication such as IEC 61140.
This International Standard applies to the protection of persons and livestock against electric
shock. The intent is to give fundamental principles and requirements which are common to
electrical installations, systems and equipment or necessary for their coordination, without
limitations with regard to the magnitude of the voltage or current, or the type of current, and
for frequencies up to 1 000 Hz.
Some clauses in this standard refer to low-voltage and high-voltage systems, installations and
equipment. For the purposes of this standard, low-voltage is any rated voltage up to and
including 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. High voltage is any rated voltage exceeding
1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c.
It should be noted that, for an efficient design and selection of protective measures, the type
of voltage that may occur and its waveform needs to be considered, i.e. a.c. or d.c. voltage,
sinusoidal, transient, phase controlled, superimposed d.c., as well as a possible mixture of
these forms. The installations or equipment may influence the waveform of the voltage, e.g.
by inverters or converters. The currents flowing under normal operating conditions and under
fault conditions depend on the described voltage.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60038, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60068 (all parts), Environmental testing
IEC 60071-1, Insulation coordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC 60071-2, Insulation coordination – Part 2: Application guide
IEC 60364-5-54:2011, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-54: Selection and erection
of electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment
(available at http://www.graphical-symbols.info/equipment)

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– 8 – IEC 61140:2016 © IEC 2016
IEC 60445, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification
– Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
IEC TS 60479-1:2005, Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General
aspects
IEC TR 60479-5, Effects of current on human be
...