IEC 60904-4:2019
(Main)Photovoltaic devices - Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices - Procedures for establishing calibration traceability
Photovoltaic devices - Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices - Procedures for establishing calibration traceability
IEC 60904-4:2019 sets the requirements for calibration procedures intended to establish the traceability of photovoltaic (PV) reference devices to SI units as required by IEC 60904-2. This document applies to PV reference devices that are used to measure the irradiance of natural or simulated sunlight for the purpose of quantifying the performance of PV devices. The use of a PV reference device is required in many standards concerning PV (e.g. IEC 60904-1 and IEC 60904-3). This document has been written with single-junction PV reference devices in mind, in particular crystalline silicon, but it is sufficiently general to include other single-junction technologies. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2009. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
modification of standard title;
- inclusion of working reference in traceability chain;
- update of WRR with respect to SI;
- revision of all methods and their uncertainties in annex
- harmonization of symbols and formulae with other IEC standards.
The contents of the corrigendum of September 2020 have been included in this copy.
Dispositifs photovoltaïques - Partie 4: Dispositifs photovoltaïques de référence - Procédures pour établir la traçabilité de l'étalonnage
L’IEC 60904-4:2019 fixe les exigences relatives aux procédures d'étalonnage dans le but d'établir la traçabilité des dispositifs photovoltaïques (PV) de référence en unités SI, comme cela est exigé par l’IEC 60904-2. Le présent document s'applique aux dispositifs PV de référence utilisés pour mesurer l'éclairement énergétique de la lumière solaire naturelle ou simulée afin de quantifier les performances des dispositifs PV. L'utilisation d'un dispositif PV de référence est exigée dans de nombreuses normes relatives aux dispositifs PV (par exemple, l’IEC 60904-1 et l’IEC 60904-3). Le présent document a été rédigé en prenant en considération les dispositifs PV de référence à jonction unique, en particulier le silicium cristallin, mais il est suffisamment général pour inclure d’autres technologies à jonction unique. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2009. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
- modification du titre de la norme;
- incorporation de la référence de travail à la chaîne de traçabilité;
- mise à jour de la WRR (world radiometric reference - référence radiométrique mondiale) par rapport au SI;
- révision de toutes les méthodes et de leurs incertitudes à l’annexe:
- harmonisation des symboles et formules avec les autres normes IEC.
Le contenu du corrigendum de septembre 2020 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
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IEC 60904-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2019-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 4: Reference solar Photovoltaic reference devices – Procedures
for establishing calibration traceability
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IEC 60904-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2019-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 4: Reference solar Photovoltaic reference devices – Procedures
for establishing calibration traceability
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-7608-2
– 2 – IEC 60904-4:2019 RLV © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope and object . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Requirements for traceable calibration procedures of PV reference solar devices . 9
5 Uncertainty analysis . 10
6 Calibration report . 10
7 Marking . 11
Annex A (informative) Examples of validated calibration procedures . 12
A.1 General . 12
A.1.1 Overview . 12
A.1.2 Examples of validated methods . 12
A.1.3 List of common symbols . 12
A.1.4 Common formulae . 13
A.1.5 Reference documents . 15
A.2 Global sunlight method (GSM) . 15
A.2.1 General . 15
A.2.2 Equipment . 16
A.2.3 Measurements . 16
A.2.4 Data analysis . 17
A.2.5 Uncertainty estimates . 19
A.2.6 Reference documents . 19
A.3 Differential spectral responsivity calibration (DSR calibration) . 20
A.3.1 General . 20
A.3.2 Equipment . 20
A.3.3 Test procedure . 21
A.3.4 Data analysis . 22
A.3.5 Uncertainty estimate . 24
A.3.6 Reference documents . 27
A.4 Solar simulator method(SSM) . 28
A.4.1 General . 28
A.4.2 Equipment . 28
A.4.3 Calibration procedure . 28
A.4.4 Data analysis . 29
A.4.5 Uncertainty estimate . 29
A.4.6 Reference documents . 30
A.5 Direct sunlight method (DSM) . 30
A.5.1 General . 30
A.5.2 Equipment . 31
A.5.3 Measurements . 31
A.5.4 Data analysis . 31
A.5.5 Uncertainty estimate . 32
A.5.6 Reference documents . 32
Bibliography . 34
Figure 1 – Schematic of most common reference instruments and transfer methods
used in the traceability chains for solar irradiance detectors . 9
Figure A.1 – Block diagram of differential spectral responsivity calibration
superimposing chopped monochromatic radiation DE(l) and DC bias radiation E . 25
b
Figure A.2 – Optical arrangement of differential spectral responsivity calibration . 27
Figure A.3 – Schematic apparatus of the solar simulator method . 30
Table 1 – Examples of reference instruments used in a traceability chain of time and
solar irradiance . 9
Table A.1 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of global sunlight method . 19
Table A.2 – Typical Uncertainty components (k = 2) of differential spectral responsivity
calibration method on PV reference devices . 24
Table A.3 – Example of uncertainty components (k = 2) of a solar simulator method
calibration . 29
Table A.4 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of a solar simulator method
calibration when WRR traceable cavity radiometer is used. 29
Table A.5 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of a direct sunlight method using
temperature dependent spectral correction factor (Formula (A.16)), without applying
a correction factor for the WRR to SI scale . 32
– 4 – IEC 60904-4:2019 RLV © IEC 2019
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES –
Part 4: Reference solar Photovoltaic reference devices –
Procedures for establishing calibration traceability
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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International Standard IEC 60904-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar
photovoltaic energy systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2009. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with r
...
IEC 60904-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2019-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices – Procedures for establishing calibration
traceability
Dispositifs photovoltaïques –
Partie 4: Dispositifs photovoltaïques de référence – Procédures pour établir
la traçabilité de l'étalonnage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
and withdrawn publications. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
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Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
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IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
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IEC 60904-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2019-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices – Procedures for establishing calibration
traceability
Dispositifs photovoltaïques –
Partie 4: Dispositifs photovoltaïques de référence – Procédures pour établir
la traçabilité de l'étalonnage
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-7531-3
– 2 – IEC 60904-4:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Requirements for traceable calibration procedures of PV reference devices . 9
5 Uncertainty analysis . 9
6 Calibration report . 10
7 Marking . 10
Annex A (informative) Examples of validated calibration procedures . 11
A.1 General . 11
A.1.1 Overview . 11
A.1.2 Examples of validated methods . 11
A.1.3 List of common symbols . 11
A.1.4 Common formulae . 12
A.1.5 Reference documents . 13
A.2 Global sunlight method (GSM) . 13
A.2.1 General . 13
A.2.2 Equipment . 14
A.2.3 Measurements . 15
A.2.4 Data analysis . 15
A.2.5 Uncertainty estimates . 16
A.2.6 Reference documents . 17
A.3 Differential spectral responsivity calibration (DSR) . 17
A.3.1 General . 17
A.3.2 Equipment . 18
A.3.3 Test procedure . 18
A.3.4 Data analysis . 20
A.3.5 Uncertainty estimate . 20
A.3.6 Reference documents . 22
A.4 Solar simulator method (SSM) . 23
A.4.1 General . 23
A.4.2 Equipment . 23
A.4.3 Calibration procedure . 23
A.4.4 Data analysis . 24
A.4.5 Uncertainty estimate . 24
A.4.6 Reference documents . 25
A.5 Direct sunlight method (DSM) . 25
A.5.1 General . 25
A.5.2 Equipment . 26
A.5.3 Measurements . 26
A.5.4 Data analysis . 26
A.5.5 Uncertainty estimate . 27
A.5.6 Reference documents . 27
Bibliography . 28
Figure 1 – Schematic of most common reference instruments and transfer methods
used in the traceability chains for solar irradiance detectors . 9
Figure A.1 – Block diagram of differential spectral responsivity calibration
superimposing chopped monochromatic radiation DE(l) and DC bias radiation E . 21
b
Figure A.2 – Optical arrangement of differential spectral responsivity calibration . 22
Figure A.3 – Schematic apparatus of the solar simulator method . 25
Table 1 – Examples of reference instruments used in a traceability chain of solar
irradiance . 8
Table A.1 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of global sunlight method . 17
Table A.2 – Uncertainty components (k = 2) of differential spectral responsivity
calibration method on PV reference devices . 21
Table A.3 – Example of uncertainty components (k = 2) of a solar simulator method
calibration . 24
Table A.4 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of a solar simulator method
calibration when WRR traceable cavity radiometer is used. 24
Table A.5 – Typical uncertainty components (k = 2) of a direct sunlight method using
temperature dependent spectral correction factor (Formula (A.16)), without applying a
correction factor for the WRR to SI scale . 27
– 4 – IEC 60904-4:2019 © IEC 2019
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES –
Part 4: Photovoltaic reference devices –
Procedures for establishing calibration traceability
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on techni
...
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