IEC 61812-1:2023
(Main)Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use - Part 1: Requirements and tests
Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use - Part 1: Requirements and tests
IEC 61812-1:2023 applies to time relays and coupling relays for industrial applications (for example control, automation, signal and industrial equipment) and for automatic electrical controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment for residential and similar use.
The term “relay” as used in this document comprises all types of time relays and coupling relays, other than measuring relays. This document defines type test and routine test to confirm the service condition. Subclause 3.2 provides definitions for different types of time relays in use in the IEC 61812 series. IEC 61812-1:2023 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) update of references;
b) addition of requirements for risk assessment;
c) addition of requirements for routine test;
d) renumbering of clauses to bring them into a more logical order;
e) clarification of the requirement for shock;
f) addition of cybersecurity requirements for industrial automation and control systems;
g) addition of environmentally conscious design requirement;
h) addition of common data dictionary reference;
i) addition of terms and definitions of relay types;
j) addition of coupling relays in title;
k) addition of coupling relays in scope.
Relais temporisés et relais de de couplage pour applications industrielles et résidentielles - Partie 1: Exigences et essais
L'IEC 61812-1:2023 s'applique aux relais temporisés et aux relais de couplage pour applications industrielles (par exemple, systèmes industriels de commande, d'automatisation et de signalisation) ainsi qu'aux dispositifs de commande électrique automatiques destinés à être utilisés dans, sur ou avec des équipements pour applications résidentielles et analogues. Le terme "relais", utilisé dans le présent document, comprend tous les types de relais temporisés et de relais de couplage, hormis les relais de mesure. Le présent document définit l'essai de type et l'essai individuel de série qui visent à confirmer la condition de service. Les définitions des différents types de relais temporisés utilisés dans la série IEC 61812 sont données en 3.2. L'IEC 61812-1:2023 annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2011. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) mise à jour des références;
b) ajout d'exigences relatives à l'appréciation du risque;
c) ajout d'exigences relatives à l'essai individuel de série;
d) renumérotation des paragraphes selon un ordre plus logique;
e) clarification de l'exigence relative aux chocs;
f) ajout d'exigences de cybersécurité pour les systèmes d'automatisation et de commande industrielles;
g) ajout d'une exigence d'écoconception;
h) ajout d'une référence au dictionnaire de données commun;
i) ajout de termes et définitions relatifs aux types de relais;
j) ajout des relais de couplage dans le titre;
k) ajout des relais de couplage dans le domaine d'application.
General Information
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IEC 61812-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-06
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
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Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
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IEC 61812-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-06
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-7136-0
– 2 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 12
3.1 Terms and definitions related to general terms . 13
3.2 Terms and definitions of time relay types . 17
4 Classification . 25
4.1 Switching element . 25
4.2 Mechanical construction . 25
4.3 Device mounting . 25
4.4 Connection . 25
4.5 Environment . 25
5 Influence quantities . 25
6 Rated values . 26
6.1 General . 26
6.2 Input voltage and frequency . 26
6.3 Release voltage . 27
6.4 Power consumption . 27
6.5 Output circuit . 27
6.5.1 General . 27
6.5.2 Electromechanical output circuit . 27
6.5.3 Solid state output circuit . 28
6.5.4 Endurance and operating frequency . 28
6.5.5 Conditional short-circuit current . 29
6.6 Ambient temperature. 29
6.7 Transport and storage temperature . 29
6.8 Humidity . 29
6.9 Pollution degree . 29
6.10 Altitude . 29
6.11 Timing circuit function . 30
6.11.1 General . 30
6.11.2 Setting accuracy . 30
6.11.3 Repeatability . 30
6.11.4 Recovery time and minimum control impulse . 30
7 Provisions for testing . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 Type test . 31
7.3 Routine test . 32
7.4 Sampling test . 32
8 Documentation and marking . 32
8.1 Data . 32
8.2 Marking . 35
9 Heating . 35
9.1 General . 35
9.2 Test conditions . 36
9.3 Heating of terminals . 37
9.3.1 General . 37
9.3.2 Heating of screw terminals and screwless terminals . 37
9.3.3 Heating of quick-connect terminations . 37
9.3.4 Heating of sockets . 38
9.3.5 Heating of alternative termination types . 38
9.4 Heating of accessible parts . 38
8.5 Heating of insulating materials .
9.5 Ball pressure test . 39
10 Basic operating function . 39
10.1 General . 39
10.2 Operate . 40
10.3 Release . 40
10.4 Time function . 40
10.4.1 General . 40
10.4.2 Functional test at reference values of input quantities. 40
10.4.3 Influencing effects Effect of influence of voltage and temperature . 41
11 Insulation Dielectric strength and impulse withstand . 41
11.1 General . 41
11.2 Preconditioning . 41
11.3 Dielectric strength Insulation test . 42
11.3.1 General . 42
11.3.2 Impulse withstand test . 42
11.3.3 Dielectric AC power frequency voltage test . 43
10.4 Protection against direct contact .
12 Electrical endurance . 45
12.1 General . 45
12.2 Resistive loads, inductive loads, and special loads . 45
12.3 Low energy loads . 45
13 Conditional short-circuit current of an output circuit . 45
13.1 General . 45
13.2 Test procedure . 45
13.3 Test circuit electromechanical output circuit . 46
13.4 Test circuit solid state output circuit . 46
13.5 Condition of switching element after test . 47
14 Insulation coordination and protection against electric shock . 47
14.1 General . 47
14.2 Clearances and creepage distances . 47
14.2.1 General . 47
14.2.2 Clearances . 49
14.2.3 Creepage distances . 50
13.4 Measurement of creepage distances and clearances .
14.3 Solid insulation . 51
14.4 Protection against direct contact . 51
15 Mechanical strength . 51
15.1 General . 51
15.2 Mechanical strength of terminals and current-carrying parts . 52
15.2.1 General . 52
15.2.2 Mechanical strength of screw terminals and screwless terminals . 52
– 4 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
15.2.3 Mechanical strength of flat quick-connect terminations . 52
15.2.4 Mechanical strength of sockets . 52
15.2.5 Mechanical strength of alternative termination types . 52
16 Heat and fire resistance . 53
16.1 General . 53
16.2 Glow-wire test . 53
17 Vibration and shock . 53
17.1 Vibration . 53
17.2 Shock . 54
18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 54
18.1 General . 54
18.2 EMC Immunity . 55
18.3 EMC Radiated and conducted emission . 58
19 Cybersecurity for industrial automation and control systems (IACS). 58
20 Environmental information . 58
20.1 Environmentally conscious design process . 58
20.2 Procedure to establish material declaration . 58
Annex A (informative) Ball pressure test .
Annex A (informative) Setting accuracy, repeatability and effect of influence
calculation . 60
A.1 General . 60
A.2 Example of calculation . 60
Annex B (informative) Risk assessment . 61
B.1 General . 61
B.2 Risk assessment procedure . 61
B.3 Achieving tolerable risk . 62
B.4 Application of risk assessment procedures (proposal for the user) . 66
Annex C (normative) Tests for EMC . 67
C.1 General . 67
C.2 EMC immunity. 67
C.2.1 General . 67
C.2.2 Performance criteria . 67
C.3 EMC radiated and conducted emission . 71
C.3.1 General . 71
C.3.2 Conducted radio-frequency emission tests . 71
C.3.3 Radiated radio-frequency emission tests . 71
Bibliography . 72
Figure 1 – Definition of ports . 15
Figure 2 – Power ON-delay relay . 17
Figure 3 – Power OFF-delay relay . 18
Figure 4 – OFF-delay relay with control signal . 18
Figure 5 – ON- and OFF-delay relay with control signal . 19
Figure 6 – Flasher relay . 19
Figure 7 – Star-delta relay . 20
Figure 8 – Summation time relay . 21
Figure 9 – Pulse delayed relay . 21
Figure 10 – Pulse delayed relay with control signal . 22
Figure 11 – Interval relay . 22
Figure 12 – Interval relay with control signal . 23
Figure 13 – Retriggerable interval relay with control signal ON . 23
Figure 14 – Retriggerable interval relay with control signal OFF. 24
Figure 15 – Maintained time relay . 24
Figure 16 – Test circuit electromechanical output, conditional short-circuit current . 46
Figure 17 – Test circuit solid state output, conditional short-circuit current . 47
Figure B.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction . 62
Figure B.2 – Risk reduction . 64
Figure B.3 – Example of the time relay circuit block diagram. 65
Table 1 – Influence quantities and reference values . 25
Table 2 – Preferred values of endurance . 28
Table 3 – Preferred values of maximum permissible operating frequency . 28
Table 4 – Recommended final values of the setting range. 30
Table 5 – Type testing . 31
Table 6 – Routine testing . 32
Table 7 – Required time relay or coupling relay information . 33
Table 8 – Thermal classification . 36
Table 9 – Cross-sectional areas and lengths of conductors dependent on the current
carried by the terminal . 37
Table 10 – Maximum steady state current dependent on the connector size . 38
Table 11 – Temperature rise limits of accessible parts . 39
Table 12 – Changing of influencing quantities . 41
Table 13 – Impulse test for basic insulation . 43
Table 14 – Dielectric test voltage for basic insulation for devices suitable devices
suitable for use in single-phase three- or two-wire AC and DC systems . 44
Table 15 – Dielectric test voltage for basic insulation for devices suitable
for use in three-phase four or three-wire AC systems . 44
Table 16 – Environmental conditions influencing EMC .
Table 16 – Minimum clearances for basic insulation. 49
Table 17 – Immunity tests for industrial environments .
Table 17 – Minimum clearances in controlled overvoltage conditions for internal
circuits . 50
Table 18 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments .
Table 18 – Minimum creepage distances for basic insulation . 50
Table A.1 – Calculation formulae . 60
Table B.1 – Examples of the relation between failure mode, consequences and hazard . 65
Table B.2 – Severity of harm . 66
Table B.3 – Probability of harm . 66
Table B.4 – Risk category . 66
Table C.1 – Environmental conditions influencing EMC . 67
Table C.2 – Immunity tests for industrial environments . 69
– 6 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
Table C.3 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments . 70
Table C.4 – Terminal disturbance voltage limits for conducted radio-frequency
emission (for power port) . 71
Table C.5 – Radiated emission test limits. 71
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TIME RELAYS AND COUPLING RELAYS FOR
INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USE –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes
made to the previous edition IEC 61812-1:2011. A vertical bar appears in the margin
wherever a change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in
strikethrough red text.
– 8 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
IEC 61812-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 94: Electrical relays. It is an
International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) update of references;
b) addition of requirements for risk assessment;
c) addition of requirements for routine test;
d) renumbering of clauses to bring them into a more logical order;
e) clarification of the requirement for shock;
f) addition of cybersecurity requirements for industrial automation and control systems;
g) addition of environmentally conscious design requirement;
h) addition of common data dictionary reference;
i) addition of terms and definitions of relay types;
j) addition of coupling relays in title;
k) addition of coupling relays in scope.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
94/843/FDIS 94/889/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61812 series can be found, under the general title Time relays and
coupling relays for industrial and residential use, on the IEC website.
Future documents in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of existing
documents in this series will be updated at the time of the next edition.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
TIME RELAYS AND COUPLING RELAYS FOR
INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USE –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
1 Scope
This part of the IEC 61812 applies to time relays for industrial applications (e.g. control,
automation, signal and industrial equipment).
It also applies to time relays for automatic electrical controls for use in, on, or in association
with equipment for residential and similar use.
The term “relay” as used in this standard comprises all types of relays with specified time
functions, other than measuring relays.
NOTE Depending on the field of application of these relays (for example automatic electrical controls for household
and similar use, switches for household and similar fixed electrical installations), further standards may be applicable,
for example IEC 60730-2-7 or IEC 60669-2-3.
This part of IEC 61812 applies to time relays and coupling relays for industrial applications (for
example control, automation, signal and industrial equipment) and for automatic electrical
controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment for residential and similar use.
The term “relay” as used in this document comprises all types of time relays and coupling relays,
other than measuring relays.
NOTE 1 Time relays and coupling relays can be used for industrial application (for example control, automation,
signal and industrial equipment) and for automatic electrical controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment
for residential and similar use.”
NOTE 2 Measuring relays are handled by the IEC TC95.
This document defines type test and routine test to confirm the service condition. Subclause
3.2 provides definitions for different types of time relays in use in the IEC 61812 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-444:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 444: Elementary
relays
IEC 60050-445:2010, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 445: Time relays
IEC 60068 (all parts), Environmental testing
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27:2008, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60085:2007, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation
IEC 60112:20032020, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking
indices of solid insulating materials
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013
IEC 60664 (all parts), Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems
IEC 60664-1:20072020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems –
Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3:20032016, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems –
Part 3: Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution
IEC 60664-4:2005, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 4:
Consideration of high-frequency voltage stress
IEC 60664-5:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 5:
Comprehensive method for determining clearances and creepage distances equal to or less
than 2 mm
IEC 60695-2-11:20002021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test
methods – Glow-wire flammability test method for end products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-10-2:20032014, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 60947-5-1:2016, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-1: Control circuit devices
and switching elements – Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 60947-5-4:2002, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-4: Control circuit devices
and switching elements – Method of assessing the performance of low-energy contacts –
Special tests
IEC 60947-5-4:2002/AMD1:2019
IEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements
for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular
2 2
requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm up to 35 mm (included)
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:20062020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:20042012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:20052014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014/AMD1:2017
– 12 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
IEC 61000-4-6:20082013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and
measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11:20042020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current up to 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-34: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with mains current more than 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirements
IEC 61810-1:20082015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
requirements
IEC 61810-1:2015/AMD1:2019
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
IEC 62314:20062022, Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
CISPR 11:20092015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency
disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
Amendment 1 (2010)
CISPR 11:2015/AMD1:2016
CISPR 11:2015/AMD2:2019
CISPR 22:2008, Information technology equipment – Radio disturbance characteristics – Limits
and methods of measurement
ISO 9223:2012, Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Classification,
determination and estimation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-444 and
IEC 60050-445 and the following apply.
NOTE Terms having the same or nearly the same meaning are printed in boldface on separate lines and can be
used as an alternative.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions related to general terms
3.1.1
time relay
specified-time relay
all-or-nothing relay (IEV 444-01-02) with one or more time functions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-01-01, modified – in the definition, the reference to the
IEV entry has been added.]
3.1.2
coupling relay
all-or-nothing electrical relay incorporated into a housing or mounted on a socket (for example
IEC 60715 mounting rail) with no specified time or logic function for industrial or residential use
intended for incorporation into cabinets.
Note 1 to entry: Typically this is a relay according to the IEC 61810 series or IEC 62314 incorporated into a housing
or mounted on a socket (for example IEC 60715 mounting rail) for installation in industrial or residential cabinets.
3.1.3
specified time
specified characteristic of the time relay at given type of function, for example operate time,
release time, pulse on time, interval time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-01, modified – the note has been removed.]
3.1.4
setting accuracy
difference between the measured value of the specified time and the reference value set on the
scale
Note 1 to entry: For analogue setting this value relates to the maximum setting value.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-07]
3.1.5
effect of influence (on specified time)
degree with which the influence quantity within its nominal range has an effect on the specified
time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-02]
3.1.6
recovery time
minimum time interval for which the power supply is removed or control signal is applied or
removed before the specified function can be performed again
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-04, modified – “must be removed” and “must be
applied” have been replaced by “is removed” and “is applied”, respectively.]
3.1.7
minimum control impulse time
shortest duration of the power supply or control signal to fulfil the specified function
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-02]
– 14 – IEC 61812-1:2023 RLV © IEC 2023
3.1.8
repeatability
difference between the upper and lower limits of the specified confidence range determined
from several time measurements of the time relay under identical conditions
Note 1 to entry: Preferably the repeatability is indicated as a percentage of the mean value of all measured values.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-08]
3.1.9
power supply
energizing quantity
electrical quantity (for example electric current, voltage) which has to be applied or removed
from the input circuit of the time relay or coupling relay in order to enable it to fulfil its purpose
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-03-01, modified – in the definition, “or coupling relay” has
been added.]
3.1.10
input voltage
input current
electrical quantity that can be applied to (or removed from) to the power supply, and to the
control signal or both
3.1.11
control signal
DEPRECATED: trigger signal
input signal which has to be applied or removed in addition to the power supply in order to
ensure a function of the time relay
Note 1 to entry: The control signal is provided by a separate device designed to close or open an electrical circuit.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-02-05]
3.1.12
conditional short-circuit current of an output circuit
prospective electric current that a contact circuit, protected by a specified short-circuit
protective device, can satisfactorily withstand for the total breaking time of that protective
device under specified conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-04-03]
3.1.13
on-state voltage drop of a solid-state output circuit
DEPRECATED: voltage drop of a solid-state output circuit
voltage measured across the effectively conducting solid-state output of the time relay or
coupling relay, when carrying the given load current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-04-04, modified – in the definition, “or coupling relay” has
been added.]
3.1.14
leakage current of a solid-state output
DEPRECATED: off-state current of a solid-state output
electric current which flows through the effectively non-conducting solid-state output of the time
relay or coupling relay at a specified voltage
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-04-05, modified – in the definition “or coupling relay” has
been added.]
...
IEC 61812-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
Relais temporisés et relais de couplage pour applications industrielles et
résidentielles –
Partie 1: Exigences et essais
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IEC 61812-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2023-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Time relays and coupling relays for industrial and residential use –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
Relais temporisés et relais de couplage pour applications industrielles et
résidentielles –
Partie 1: Exigences et essais
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-7072-1
– 2 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions related to general terms . 10
3.2 Terms and definitions of time relay types . 15
4 Classification . 22
4.1 Switching element . 22
4.2 Mechanical construction . 22
4.3 Device mounting . 22
4.4 Connection . 22
4.5 Environment . 22
5 Influence quantities . 22
6 Rated values . 23
6.1 General . 23
6.2 Input voltage and frequency . 23
6.3 Release voltage . 24
6.4 Power consumption . 24
6.5 Output circuit . 24
6.5.1 General . 24
6.5.2 Electromechanical output circuit . 24
6.5.3 Solid state output circuit . 25
6.5.4 Endurance and operating frequency . 25
6.5.5 Conditional short-circuit current . 26
6.6 Ambient temperature. 26
6.7 Transport and storage temperature . 26
6.8 Humidity . 26
6.9 Pollution degree . 26
6.10 Altitude . 26
6.11 Timing circuit function . 26
6.11.1 General . 26
6.11.2 Setting accuracy . 27
6.11.3 Repeatability . 27
6.11.4 Recovery time and minimum control impulse . 27
7 Provisions for testing . 27
7.1 General . 27
7.2 Type test . 27
7.3 Routine test . 28
7.4 Sampling test . 29
8 Documentation and marking . 29
8.1 Data . 29
8.2 Marking . 32
9 Heating . 32
9.1 General . 32
9.2 Test conditions . 33
9.3 Heating of terminals . 33
9.3.1 General . 33
9.3.2 Heating of screw terminals and screwless terminals . 33
9.3.3 Heating of quick-connect terminations . 34
9.3.4 Heating of sockets . 34
9.3.5 Heating of alternative termination types . 35
9.4 Heating of accessible parts . 35
9.5 Ball pressure test . 35
10 Basic operating function . 36
10.1 General . 36
10.2 Operate . 36
10.3 Release . 36
10.4 Time function . 36
10.4.1 General . 36
10.4.2 Functional test at reference values of input quantities. 36
10.4.3 Effect of influence of voltage and temperature . 37
11 Dielectric strength and impulse withstand . 37
11.1 General . 37
11.2 Preconditioning . 37
11.3 Insulation test . 38
11.3.1 General . 38
11.3.2 Impulse withstand test . 38
11.3.3 Dielectric AC power frequency voltage test . 39
12 Electrical endurance . 40
12.1 General . 40
12.2 Resistive loads, inductive loads, and special loads . 40
12.3 Low energy loads . 40
13 Conditional short-circuit current of an output circuit . 41
13.1 General . 41
13.2 Test procedure . 41
13.3 Test circuit electromechanical output circuit . 41
13.4 Test circuit solid state output circuit . 42
13.5 Condition of switching element after test . 42
14 Insulation coordination and protection against electric shock . 43
14.1 General . 43
14.2 Clearances and creepage distances . 43
14.2.1 General . 43
14.2.2 Clearances . 44
14.2.3 Creepage distances . 44
14.3 Solid insulation . 45
14.4 Protection against direct contact . 46
15 Mechanical strength . 46
15.1 General . 46
15.2 Mechanical strength of terminals and current-carrying parts . 46
15.2.1 General . 46
15.2.2 Mechanical strength of screw terminals and screwless terminals . 46
15.2.3 Mechanical strength of flat quick-connect terminations . 46
15.2.4 Mechanical strength of sockets . 47
15.2.5 Mechanical strength of alternative termination types . 47
– 4 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
16 Heat and fire resistance . 47
16.1 General . 47
16.2 Glow-wire test . 47
17 Vibration and shock . 48
17.1 Vibration . 48
17.2 Shock . 48
18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 49
18.1 General . 49
18.2 Immunity . 49
18.3 Radiated and conducted emission . 49
19 Cybersecurity for industrial automation and control systems (IACS). 50
20 Environmental information . 50
20.1 Environmentally conscious design process . 50
20.2 Procedure to establish material declaration . 50
Annex A (informative) Setting accuracy, repeatability and effect of influence
calculation . 51
A.1 General . 51
A.2 Example of calculation . 51
Annex B (informative) Risk assessment . 52
B.1 General . 52
B.2 Risk assessment procedure . 52
B.3 Achieving tolerable risk . 53
B.4 Application of risk assessment procedures (proposal for the user) . 57
Annex C (normative) Tests for EMC . 58
C.1 General . 58
C.2 EMC immunity. 58
C.2.1 General . 58
C.2.2 Performance criteria . 58
C.3 EMC radiated and conducted emission . 62
C.3.1 General . 62
C.3.2 Conducted radio-frequency emission tests . 62
C.3.3 Radiated radio-frequency emission tests . 62
Bibliography . 63
Figure 1 – Definition of ports . 13
Figure 2 – Power ON-delay relay . 15
Figure 3 – Power OFF-delay relay . 15
Figure 4 – OFF-delay relay with control signal . 16
Figure 5 – ON- and OFF-delay relay with control signal . 16
Figure 6 – Flasher relay . 17
Figure 7 – Star-delta relay . 18
Figure 8 – Summation time relay . 18
Figure 9 – Pulse delayed relay . 19
Figure 10 – Pulse delayed relay with control signal . 19
Figure 11 – Interval relay . 20
Figure 12 – Interval relay with control signal . 20
Figure 13 – Retriggerable interval relay with control signal ON . 21
Figure 14 – Retriggerable interval relay with control signal OFF. 21
Figure 15 – Maintained time relay . 22
Figure 16 – Test circuit electromechanical output, conditional short-circuit current . 42
Figure 17 – Test circuit solid state output, conditional short-circuit current . 42
Figure B.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction . 53
Figure B.2 – Risk reduction . 55
Figure B.3 – Example of the time relay circuit block diagram. 56
Table 1 – Influence quantities and reference values . 23
Table 2 – Preferred values of endurance . 25
Table 3 – Preferred values of maximum permissible operating frequency . 25
Table 4 – Recommended final values of the setting range. 27
Table 5 – Type testing . 28
Table 6 – Routine testing . 29
Table 7 – Required time relay or coupling relay information . 29
Table 8 – Thermal classification . 32
Table 9 – Cross-sectional areas and lengths of conductors dependent on the current
carried by the terminal . 34
Table 10 – Maximum steady state current dependent on the connector size . 34
Table 11 – Temperature rise limits of accessible parts . 35
Table 12 – Changing of influencing quantities . 37
Table 13 – Impulse test for basic insulation . 39
Table 14 – Dielectric test voltage for basic insulation for devices suitable for use in
single-phase three- or two-wire AC and DC systems . 39
Table 15 – Dielectric test voltage for basic insulation for devices suitable for use in
three-phase four or three-wire AC systems . 40
Table 16 – Minimum clearances for basic insulation. 44
Table 17 – Minimum clearances in controlled overvoltage conditions . 44
Table 18 – Minimum creepage distances for basic insulation . 45
Table A.1 – Calculation formulae . 51
Table B.1 – Examples of the relation between failure mode, consequences and hazard . 56
Table B.2 – Severity of harm . 57
Table B.3 – Probability of harm . 57
Table B.4 – Risk category . 57
Table C.1 – Environmental conditions influencing EMC . 58
Table C.2 – Immunity tests for industrial environments . 60
Table C.3 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments . 61
Table C.4 – Terminal disturbance voltage limits for conducted radio-frequency
emission (for power port) . 62
Table C.5 – Radiated emission test limits. 62
– 6 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TIME RELAYS AND COUPLING RELAYS FOR
INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USE –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
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with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 61812-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 94: Electrical relays. It is an
International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) update of references;
b) addition of requirements for risk assessment;
c) addition of requirements for routine test;
d) renumbering of clauses to bring them into a more logical order;
e) clarification of the requirement for shock;
f) addition of cybersecurity requirements for industrial automation and control systems;
g) addition of environmentally conscious design requirement;
h) addition of common data dictionary reference;
i) addition of terms and definitions of relay types;
j) addition of coupling relays in title;
k) addition of coupling relays in scope.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
94/843/FDIS 94/889/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61812 series can be found, under the general title Time relays and
coupling relays for industrial and residential use, on the IEC website.
Future documents in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of existing
documents in this series will be updated at the time of the next edition.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 8 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
TIME RELAYS AND COUPLING RELAYS FOR
INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USE –
Part 1: Requirements and tests
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61812 applies to time relays and coupling relays for industrial applications (for
example control, automation, signal and industrial equipment) and for automatic electrical
controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment for residential and similar use.
The term “relay” as used in this document comprises all types of time relays and coupling relays,
other than measuring relays.
NOTE 1 Time relays and coupling relays can be used for industrial application (for example control, automation,
signal and industrial equipment) and for automatic electrical controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment
for residential and similar use.”
NOTE 2 Measuring relays are handled by the IEC TC95.
This document defines type test and routine test to confirm the service condition. Subclause
3.2 provides definitions for different types of time relays in use in the IEC 61812 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-444:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 444: Elementary
relays
IEC 60050-445:2010, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 445: Time relays
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-27:2008, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60085:2007, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation
IEC 60112:2020, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices
of solid insulating materials
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3:2016, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3:
Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution
IEC 60664-4:2005, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 4:
Consideration of high-frequency voltage stress
IEC 60695-2-11:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-10-2:2014, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 60947-5-1:2016, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-1: Control circuit devices
and switching elements – Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 60947-5-4:2002, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-4: Control circuit devices
and switching elements – Method of assessing the performance of low-energy contacts –
Special tests
IEC 60947-5-4:2002/AMD1:2019
IEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements
for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular
2 2
requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm up to 35 mm (included)
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:2012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014/AMD1:2017
IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and
measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current up to 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-34: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with mains current more than 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirements
– 10 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
IEC 61810-1:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
requirements
IEC 61810-1:2015/AMD1:2019
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
IEC 62314:2022, Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 11:2015/AMD1:2016
CISPR 11:2015/AMD2:2019
ISO 9223:2012, Corrosion of metals and alloys – Corrosivity of atmospheres – Classification,
determination and estimation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-444 and
IEC 60050-445 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions related to general terms
3.1.1
time relay
specified-time relay
all-or-nothing relay (IEV 444-01-02) with one or more time functions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-01-01, modified – in the definition, the reference to the
IEV entry has been added.]
3.1.2
coupling relay
all-or-nothing electrical relay incorporated into a housing or mounted on a socket (for example
IEC 60715 mounting rail) with no specified time or logic function for industrial or residential use
intended for incorporation into cabinets.
Note 1 to entry: Typically this is a relay according to the IEC 61810 series or IEC 62314 incorporated into a housing
or mounted on a socket (for example IEC 60715 mounting rail) for installation in industrial or residential cabinets.
3.1.3
specified time
specified characteristic of the time relay at given type of function, for example operate time,
release time, pulse on time, interval time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-01, modified – the note has been removed.]
3.1.4
setting accuracy
difference between the measured value of the specified time and the reference value set on the
scale
Note 1 to entry: For analogue setting this value relates to the maximum setting value.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-07]
3.1.5
effect of influence (on specified time)
degree with which the influence quantity within its nominal range has an effect on the specified
time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-02]
3.1.6
recovery time
minimum time interval for which the power supply is removed or control signal is applied or
removed before the specified function can be performed again
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-04, modified – “must be removed” and “must be
applied” have been replaced by “is removed” and “is applied”, respectively.]
3.1.7
minimum control impulse time
shortest duration of the power supply or control signal to fulfil the specified function
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-05-02]
3.1.8
repeatability
difference between the upper and lower limits of the specified confidence range determined
from several time measurements of the time relay under identical conditions
Note 1 to entry: Preferably the repeatability is indicated as a percentage of the mean value of all measured values.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-06-08]
3.1.9
power supply
electrical quantity (for example electric current, voltage) which has to be applied or removed
from the input circuit of the time relay or coupling relay in order to enable it to fulfil its purpose
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-03-01, modified – in the definition, “or coupling relay” has
been added.]
3.1.10
input voltage
electrical quantity that can be applied to (or removed from) the power supply, the control signal
or both
3.1.11
control signal
DEPRECATED: trigger signal
input signal which has to be applied or removed in addition to the power supply in order to
ensure a function of the time relay
Note 1 to entry: The control signal is provided by a separate device designed to close or open an electrical circuit.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-02-05]
– 12 – IEC 61812-1:2023 © IEC 2023
3.1.12
conditional short-circuit current of an output circuit
prospective electric current that a contact circuit, protected by a specified short-circuit
protective device, can satisfactorily withstand for the total breaking time of that protective
device under specified conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-04-03]
3.1.13
on-state voltage drop of a solid-state output circuit
DEPRECATED: voltage drop of a solid-state output circuit
voltage measured across the effectively conducting solid-state output of the time relay or
coupling relay, when carrying the given load current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445:2010, 445-04-04, modified – in the definition, “or coupling relay” has
been added.]
3.1.14
leakage current of a solid-state output
DEPRECATED: off-state current of a solid-state output
electric current which flows through the effectively non-conducting solid-state output of the time
relay or coupling relay at a specified voltage
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-445
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Questions, Comments and Discussion
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