IEC 60404-8-4:2013
(Main)Magnetic materials - Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials - Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
Magnetic materials - Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials - Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
IEC 60404-8-4:2013 defines the grades of cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet in nominal thicknesses of 0,35 mm, 0,50 mm, 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm. It specifies general requirements, the magnetic properties, geometric characteristics and tolerances, and technological characteristics, as well as the inspection procedure. This standard applies to materials supplied in the fully annealed condition intended for the construction of magnetic circuits. It does not apply to semi-processed material. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Deletion of the dates for all normative references;
- Introduction of the new grades M210-35A 5 and M230-50A 5.
Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 8-4: Spécifications pour matériaux particuliers - Bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains non orientés, laminées à froid et livrées à l'état fini
La CEI 60404-8-4:2013 définit les nuances de bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains non orientés, laminées à froid, d'épaisseur nominale 0,35 mm, 0,50 mm, 0,65 mm et 1,00 mm. Elle spécifie les exigences générales, les caractéristiques magnétiques, les caractéristiques géométriques et les tolérances, les caractéristiques technologiques ainsi que les procédures de contrôle. La présente norme est applicable aux produits livrés après recuit final destinés à la construction de circuits magnétiques. Elle ne s'applique pas aux produits livrés à l'état semi-fini. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- Suppression des dates pour toutes les références normatives;
- Introduction des nouvelles nuances M210-35A 5 et M230-50A 5.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60404-8-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2013-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Magnetic materials –
Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials – Cold-rolled non-oriented
electrical steel strip and sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
Matériaux magnétiques –
Partie 8-4: Spécifications pour matériaux particuliers – Bandes et tôles
magnétiques en acier à grains non orientés, laminées à froid et livrées à l'état
fini
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IEC 60404-8-4 ®
Edition 3.0 2013-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Magnetic materials –
Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials – Cold-rolled non-oriented
electrical steel strip and sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
Matériaux magnétiques –
Partie 8-4: Spécifications pour matériaux particuliers – Bandes et tôles
magnétiques en acier à grains non orientés, laminées à froid et livrées à l'état
fini
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX S
ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 ISBN 978-2-83220-786-4
– 2 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Classification . 7
5 Designation . 7
6 General requirements . 7
6.1 Production process . 7
6.2 Form of supply . 7
6.3 Delivery condition . 8
6.4 Surface condition . 8
6.5 Suitability for cutting . 8
7 Technical requirements . 9
7.1 Magnetic properties . 9
7.1.1 General . 9
7.1.2 Magnetic polarization . 9
7.1.3 Specific total loss . 13
7.1.4 Anisotropy of loss . 13
7.2 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances . 13
7.2.1 Thickness . 13
7.2.2 Width . 14
7.2.3 Length . 14
7.2.4 Edge camber . 14
7.2.5 Flatness (wave factor) . 15
7.2.6 Residual curvature . 15
7.3 Technological characteristics . 15
7.3.1 Density . 15
7.3.2 Stacking factor . 15
7.3.3 Number of bends . 15
7.3.4 Internal stresses . 15
8 Inspection and testing . 15
8.1 General . 15
8.2 Selection of samples. 16
8.3 Preparation of test specimens . 16
8.3.1 Magnetic properties . 16
8.3.2 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances . 16
8.3.3 Technological characteristics . 17
8.4 Test methods . 17
8.4.1 General . 17
8.4.2 Magnetic properties . 17
8.4.3 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances . 18
8.4.4 Technological characteristics . 18
8.5 Retests . 18
9 Marking, labelling and packaging . 19
10 Complaints . 19
11 Information to be supplied by the purchaser . 19
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
Annex A (informative) Non-specified magnetic properties . 20
Annex B (informative) European steel numbers . 21
Annex C (informative) Calculation of density values . 22
Bibliography . 23
Table 1 – Technological properties and magnetic properties measured by the Epstein
method (1 of 2) . 10
Table 2 – Technological properties and magnetic properties measured by the Epstein
method for strip and sheet of nominal thickness 0,47 mm for use at 60 Hz only . 12
Table 3 – Tolerances on nominal width . 14
Table A.1 – Non-specified properties . 20
Table B.1 – European steel numbers . 21
– 4 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials –
Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and
sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60404-8-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68:
Magnetic alloys and steels, in collaboration with ISO technical committee 17: Steel.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1998. It constitutes a
technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
• Deletion of the dates for all normative references (see Clause 2);
• Introduction of the new grades M210-35A 5 and M230-50A 5 (see Table 1).
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
68/436/CDV 68/450/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60404 series, published under the general title Magnetic materials,
can be found on the IEC website.
– 6 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –
Part 8-4: Specifications for individual materials –
Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and
sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60404 defines the grades of cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip and
sheet in nominal thicknesses of 0,35 mm, 0,50 mm, 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm. In particular, it
specifies general requirements, the magnetic properties, geometric characteristics and
tolerances, and technological characteristics, as well as the inspection procedure.
This standard gives in Table 2 the magnetic properties of cold-rolled non-oriented electrical
steel strip and sheet of nominal thickness 0,47 mm for use at 60 Hz only.
This standard applies to materials supplied in the fully annealed condition intended for the
construction of magnetic circuits. It does not apply to semi-processed material.
These magnetic materials correspond to class C.21 of IEC 60404-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60050 (all parts), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 60404-2, Magnetic materials – Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties
of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame
IEC 60404-9, Magnetic materials – Part 9: Methods of determination of the geometrical
characteristics of magnetic steel sheet and strip
IEC 60404-13, Magnetic materials – Part 13: Methods of measurement of density, resistivity
and stacking factor of electrical steel sheet and strip
ISO 404, Steel and steel products – General technical delivery requirements
ISO 7799, Metallic materials – Sheet and strip 3 mm thick or less – Reverse bend test
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products – Inspection documents
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions relating to magnetic properties
given in IEC 60050-121 and IEC 60050-221 and the following apply.
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 7 –
3.1
edge camber
greatest distance between a longitudinal edge of the sheet and the line joining the two
extremities of the measured length of this edge
3.2
flatness
property of a sheet or a length of strip which is characterized by the wave factor, i.e. by the
relation of the height of the wave to its length
3.3
number of bends
number of alternate bends possible before the appearance in the base metal of the first crack
visible to the naked eye
Note 1 to entry: The number of bends constitutes an indication of the ductility of the material.
3.4
internal stresses
deviation from the shearing line due to internal stresses
4 Classification
The grades covered by this standard are classified according to the value of maximum specific
total loss in watts per kilogram at 1,5 T and according to the nominal thickness of the material
(0,35 mm, 0,47 mm, 0,50 mm, 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm).
5 Designation
The steel name comprises the following in the order given:
a) the letter M for electrical steel;
b) one hundred times the specified value of the maximum specific total loss, in watts per
kilogram, at 1,5 T and 50 Hz for the materials given in Table 1 and at 1,5 T and 60 Hz for
the materials given in Table 2 and corresponding to the nominal product thickness;
c) one hundred times the nominal thickness of the material, in millimetres;
d) the characteristic letter A for cold-rolled non-oriented electrical strip or sheet supplied in the
fully processed state;
e) one tenth of the frequency at which the maximum specific total loss is specified, i.e. 5 or 6.
EXAMPLE M250-35A 5 for cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel strip or sheet with a maximum specific total
loss of 2,50 W/kg at 1,5 T and 50 Hz, a nominal thickness of 0,35 mm, supplied in the fully-processed state.
NOTE The corresponding steel numbers used in the European standard are given in Annex B.
6 General requirements
6.1 Production process
The production process of the steel and its chemical composition are left to the discretion of
the manufacturer.
6.2 Form of supply
The material is supplied in coils in the case of strip and in bundles in the case of sheets.
– 8 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
The mass of coils or bundles of sheets shall be agreed at the time of ordering.
The recommended value for the internal diameter of coils is 508 mm or 610 mm.
Strip shall be of constant width and wound in such a manner that the side faces of the coil are
substantially flat.
Coils shall be sufficiently tightly wound in order that they do not collapse under their own
weight.
Strip can occasionally exhibit welds or interleaves resulting from the removal of defective
zones, subject to prior agreement between the parties. If necessary, marking of welds or
interleaves may be agreed at the time of ordering.
For coils containing welds or interleaves, each part of the strip shall be of the same grade.
The edges of parts welded together shall not be so much out of alignment as to affect the
further processing of the material.
Sheets which make up each bundle shall be stacked so that the side faces are substantially
flat, and approximately perpendicular to the top face.
6.3 Delivery condition
The material may be supplied either without insulation or with insulation on one or both sides. If
the material is supplied with insulation, the nature of the insulation, its properties, and the
stacking factor and their verification shall be agreed at the time of ordering.
6.4 Surface condition
The surfaces shall be smooth and clean, free from grease and rust . Dispersed defects such
as scratches, blisters, cracks, etc. are permitted if they are within the limits of thickness
tolerances, and if they are not detrimental to the correct use of the supplied material.
When an insulation coating is present on the surface of the material, it shall be sufficiently
adherent so that it does not become detached during cutting operations. During the alternating
bend test (see 8.4.4.2), the coating shall not become detached after a bend of 90°. If the
coating becomes detached during the test, the piece from which the sample was taken shall be
subjected to a shearing test. During this test, it shall not be admissible for large pieces of the
coating to become detached. However, some slight chipping of this coating at the sheared
edges shall be tolerated.
6.5 Suitability for cutting
The material shall be able to be cut or punched without causing premature wear of tools; it
shall be able to be cut at any point and into the usual shapes, thus ensuring accurate working
with the correct cutting tools. If there are special requirements with regard to a suitability test
for cutting or punching, these shall be established by agreement between the manufacturer and
the purchaser.
___________
This should not be confused with some coloration of the insulation coating inherent to the manufacturing
process.
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 9 –
7 Technical requirements
7.1 Magnetic properties
7.1.1 General
The properties defined in 7.1.2 to 7.1.4 are applicable to products in the delivery conditions
defined in 6.3. For coated products, the mass of the insulation coating shall be taken into
account.
7.1.2 Magnetic polarization
The minimum specified values of magnetic polarization for magnetic field strengths H of
2 500 A/m, 5 000 A/m and 10 000 A/m (expressed as a peak value) shall be as given in
Table 1.
The magnetic polarization shall be determined in an alternating magnetic field at 50 Hz or
60 Hz.
– 10 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
Table 1 – Technological properties and magnetic properties measured by the Epstein method (1 of 2)
a
Steel Nominal Maximum specific total loss Minimum magnetic polarization Maximum Minimum Minimum Conventional
c
name thickness at 1,5 T in an alternating magnetic field anisotropy stacking number of density
for a magnetic field strength of loss factor bends
W/kg T
b 3
mm at 50 Hz at 60 Hz 2 500 A/m 5 000 A/m 10 000 A/m % kg/dm
M210-35A 5 2,10 2,65 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 2 7,60
M230-35A 5 2,30 2,90 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±17
M235-35A 5 2,35 2,97 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±17
M250-35A 5 2,50 3,14 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±17
M270-35A 5 0,35 2,70 3,36 1,49 1,60 1,70 0,95 2 7,65
±17
M300-35A 5 3,00 3,74 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 3 7,65
M330-35A 5 3,30 4,12 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 3 7,65
M360-35A 5 3,60 4,55 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 3 7,65
M230-50A 5 2,30 2,95 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±17
M250-50A 5 2,50 3,21 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±17
M270-50A 5 2,70 3,47 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 2 7,60
M290-50A 5 2,90 3,71 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±17 2 7,60
M310-50A 5 3,10 3,95 1,49 1,60 1,70 3 7,65
±14
M330-50A 5 3,30 4,20 1,49 1,60 1,70 3 7,65
±14
M350-50A 5 3,50 4,45 1,50 1,60 1,70 5 7,65
±12
M400-50A 5 0,50 4,00 5,10 1,53 1,63 1,73 0,96 5 7,70
±12
M470-50A 5 4,70 5,90 1,54 1,64 1,74 ±10 10 7,70
M530-50A 5 5,30 6,66 1,56 1,65 1,75 ±10 10 7,70
M600-50A 5 6,00 7,53 1,57 1,66 1,76 10 7,75
±10
M700-50A 5 7,00 8,79 1,60 1,69 1,77 10 7,80
±10
M800-50A 5 8,00 10,06 1,60 1,70 1,78 10 7,80
±10
M940-50A 5 9,40 11,84 1,62 1,72 1,81 10 7,85
±8
M1000-50A 5 10,00 12,60 1,62 1,72 1,81 ±8 10 7,85
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 11 –
Table 1 (2 of 2)
a
Steel Nominal Maximum specific total loss Minimum magnetic polarization Maximum Minimum Minimum Conventional
c
name thickness at 1,5 T in an alternating magnetic field anisotropy stacking number of density
for a magnetic field strength of loss factor bends
W/kg T
b 3
mm at 50 Hz at 60 Hz 2 500 A/m 5 000 A/m 10 000 A/m % kg/dm
M310-65A 5 3,10 4,08 1,49 1,60 1,70 ±15 2 7,60
M330-65A 5 3,30 4,30 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±15
M350-65A 5 3,50 4,57 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,60
±14
M400-65A 5 4,00 5,20 1,52 1,62 1,72 2 7,65
±14
M470-65A 5 0,65 4,70 6,13 1,53 1,63 1,73 0,97 5 7,65
±12
M530-65A 5 5,30 6,84 1,54 1,64 1,74 ±12 5 7,70
M600-65A 5 6,00 7,71 1,56 1,66 1,76 ±10 10 7,75
M700-65A 5 7,00 8,98 1,57 1,67 1,76 10 7,75
±10
M800-65A 5 8,00 10,26 1,60 1,70 1,78 10 7,80
±10
M1000-65A 5 10,00 12,77 1,61 1,71 1,80 10 7,80
±10
M600-100A 5 6,00 8,14 1,53 1,63 1,72 ±10 2 7,60
M700-100A 5 7,00 9,38 1,54 1,64 1,73 ±8 3 7,65
M800-100A 5 1,00 8,00 10,70 1,56 1,66 1,75 0,98 5 7,70
±6
M1000-100A 5 10,00 13,39 1,58 1,68 1,76 10 7,80
±6
M1300-100A 5 13,00 17,34 1,60 1,70 1,78 10 7,80
±6
a
It has been common practice for many years to give values of magnetic flux density. In fact, the Epstein frame is used to determine magnetic polarization (intrinsic flux density)
which is defined as follows:
J = B – µ H
where
J is the magnetic polarization;
B is the magnetic flux density;
–7 –1
µ is the magnetic constant: 4π × 10 H m ;
H is the magnetic field strength;
in accordance with IEC 60050-121.
b
Only for information.
c
Other values may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, see Annex C.
– 12 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
Table 2 – Technological properties and magnetic properties measured by the Epstein method
for strip and sheet of nominal thickness 0,47 mm for use at 60 Hz only
a
Steel Nominal Maximum specific total loss Minimum magnetic polarization Maximum Minimum Minimum Conventional
c
name thickness at 1,5 T in an alternating magnetic field anisotropy stacking number of density
for a magnetic field strength of loss factor bends
W/kg T
b 3
mm at 50 Hz at 60 Hz 2 500 A/m 5 000 A/m 10 000 A/m % kg/dm
M370-47A 6 2,92 3,70 1,49 1,60 1,70 2 7,65
±18
M380-47A 6 3,00 3,80 1,49 1,60 1,70 3 7,65
±14
M408-47A 6 3,22 4,08 1,49 1,60 1,70 3 7,65
±14
M419-47A 6 3,31 4,19 1,49 1,60 1,70 3 7,70
±14
M452-47A 6 0,47 3,57 4,52 1,50 1,60 1,70 ±14 0,96 5 7,70
M507-47A 6 4,01 5,07 1,51 1,61 1,71 ±14 5 7,70
M638-47A 6 5,04 6,38 1,54 1,64 1,74 10 7,75
±12
M836-47A 6 6,60 8,36 1,58 1,68 1,77 10 7,80
±12
M990-47A 6 7,82 9,90 1,58 1,68 1,77 10 7,80
±12
a
It has been common practice for many years to give values of magnetic flux density. In fact the Epstein frame is used to determine magnetic polarization (intrinsic flux density)
which is defined as follows:
J = B – µ H
where
J is the magnetic polarization;
B is the magnetic flux density;
–7 –1
µ is the magnetic constant: 4π × 10 H m ;
H is the magnetic field strength;
in accordance with IEC 60050-121.
b Only for information.
c Other values may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, see Annex C.
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 13 –
7.1.3 Specific total loss
The specified values of maximum specific total loss at 50 Hz shall be as given in Table 1. They
apply:
– for the nominal thicknesses 0,35 mm, 0,50 mm and 0,65 mm to aged or non-aged test
pieces (see 8.3.1);
– for the nominal thickness 1,00 mm to non-aged test pieces.
Table 2 gives the specified values of maximum specific total loss at 60 Hz for products of
0,47 mm nominal thickness.
In certain cases, the specified value of maximum specific total loss can be made the subject of
agreement for longitudinal test pieces only or for transverse test pieces only.
The values of the specific total loss are specified for a magnetic polarization of 1,5 T.
The test shall be made in an alternating magnetic field at 50 Hz or at 60 Hz.
NOTE Annex A gives non-specified values of the maximum specific total loss for a magnetic polarization of 1,0 T
at 50 Hz.
7.1.4 Anisotropy of loss
The maximum permitted values of the anisotropy of loss at a polarization of 1,5 T shall be as
specified in Tables 1 and 2.
A requirement concerning the declaration of the measured value of the anisotropy of loss may
be specified by agreement when ordering.
7.2 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances
7.2.1 Thickness
The nominal thicknesses of the material are 0,35 mm, 0,50 mm, 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm.
The nominal thickness of 0,47 mm for use at 60 Hz only is also given in Table 2.
For thickness tolerance, a distinction is made between
– the allowable tolerance on the nominal thickness within the same acceptance unit;
– the difference in thickness in a sheet or in a length of strip in a direction parallel to the
direction of rolling;
– the difference in thickness in a direction perpendicular to the direction of rolling. This
tolerance applies only to materials with a width greater than 150 mm.
The allowable tolerance on the nominal thickness within the same acceptance unit shall be
± 8 % of the nominal value for the nominal thicknesses 0,35 mm, 0,47 mm and 0,50 mm, and
± 6 % of the nominal value for the nominal thicknesses 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm. The additional
thickness due to welds, with respect to the measured thickness of the steel strip or sheet, shall
not exceed 0,10 mm.
The difference in thickness in a sheet or in a length of strip (see 8.3.2) in a direction parallel to
the direction of rolling shall not exceed 8 % for nominal thicknesses 0,35 mm, 0,47 mm and
0,50 mm, and 6 % for nominal thicknesses 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm.
The difference in thickness in a direction perpendicular to the direction of rolling shall not
exceed 0,020 mm for nominal thicknesses of 0,35 mm, 0,47 mm and 0,50 mm, and 0,030 mm
– 14 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
for the nominal thicknesses of 0,65 mm and 1,00 mm, the measurements being made at least
30 mm from the edges (see 8.4.3.1). These tolerances apply only to materials with a width
greater than 150 mm. For narrow strips, other agreements may be reached.
7.2.2 Width
The available nominal widths are less than or equal to 1 250 mm.
For the width tolerances, a distinction is made between material supplied with edges in the as-
rolled condition and material delivered with trimmed edges.
For materials supplied with trimmed edges, the tolerances of Table 3 shall apply.
Table 3 – Tolerances on nominal width
a
Tolerances
Nominal width l
mm
mm
+0,2
l ≤ 150
+0,3
150 < l ≤ 300
+0,5
300 < l ≤ 600
+1,0
600 < l ≤ 1 000
+1,5
b
1 000 < l ≤ 1 250
a
By agreement when ordering, the tolerances on the nominal width
can all be minus values.
b
Nominal widths > 1 250 mm may be delivered. In this case the
tolerance should be agreed between the manufacturer and
purchaser at the time of enquiry and order.
For materials supplied with as-rolled edges, the tolerances on nominal width should be the
subject of agreement when ordering.
7.2.3 Length
+0,5
The tolerance on length for sheets in relation to length ordered shall be %, but with a
maximum of +6 mm.
7.2.4 Edge camber
The verification of edge camber applies only to material supplied with trimmed edges, and
having a width greater than 30 mm.
The edge camber shall not exceed for a measuring length of 2 m:
– 2,0 mm for a nominal width l > 150 mm;
– 4,0 mm for a nominal width l, so that 30 mm < l ≤ 150 mm.
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 15 –
7.2.5 Flatness (wave factor)
The verification of flatness does not apply to material of width less than or equal to 100 mm.
The wave factor (see 8.4.3.4), expressed as a percentage, shall not exceed 2.
7.2.6 Residual curvature
The verification of residual curvature does not apply to material of width less than or equal to
100 mm.
A requirement concerning residual curvature can be specified by agreement when ordering; in
this case, the distance between the bottom edge of the test specimen and the supporting plate
shall not exceed 35 mm for the products of nominal thicknesses 0,35 mm, 0,47 mm, 0,50 mm
and 0,65 mm. For the nominal thickness 1,00 mm, this distance shall be subject to an
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
7.3 Technological characteristics
7.3.1 Density
The density of the material is not specified.
The conventional values of density of the material are given in Tables 1 and 2. They shall be
used to calculate the magnetic properties and the stacking factor, unless otherwise agreed
(see Tables 1 and 2, footnote c).
7.3.2 Stacking factor
The minimum values shall be as specified in Tables 1 and 2, and only apply to non-insulated
material.
7.3.3 Number of bends
The minimum number of bends shall be as specified in Tables 1 and 2. The values apply to
test specimens cut perpendicular to the direction of rolling.
7.3.4 Internal stresses
The material shall be, as far as possible, free from internal stress.
The verification of internal stresses does not apply to materials of width less than or equal to
150 mm. The measured gap shall not exceed 2 mm (see 8.3.3.3).
8 Inspection and testing
8.1 General
The material defined by this standard can be ordered with or without specific inspection in
accordance with ISO 404. However, as a dispensation from ISO 404, in the case of an order
without specific inspection, the manufacturer shall supply a certificate giving the specific total
loss of the supplied material.
In the case of an order with specific inspection, the type of inspection document in accordance
with ISO 10474 shall be specified when ordering. In this case, the delivery is divided into
acceptance units.
– 16 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
Each acceptance unit shall comprise 20 tonnes or the remaining fraction thereof of the same
grade and the same nominal thickness. Different acceptance units can be adopted by special
agreement.
For coils of more than 20 tonnes, each coil shall constitute an acceptance unit.
Except by special agreement, the same rules apply to the inspection of internal stresses,
suitability for cutting, adherence of surface insulation coating and tolerances on shape and
dimensions.
When the products are delivered in the form of slit coils, the test results applying to the parent
unit of acceptance shall apply.
8.2 Selection of samples
Test samples shall be taken from each acceptance unit.
The first internal turn and the last external turn of the coil shall be considered as wrapping and
not representative of the quality of the remainder of the coil; the selection shall be made from
the first external or internal turns excluding the wrapping turn and outside any welding zones or
interleaves.
In the case of sheets, the selection shall be made preferably from the upper part of the bundle.
By choosing a suitable order for the execution of the tests, the same sample shall serve to
check the various properties.
8.3 Preparation of test specimens
8.3.1 Magnetic properties
For the measurement of magnetic polarization and specific total loss, the test specimen for the
25 cm Epstein frame shall consist of a minimum of 16 Epstein test strips having the following
dimensions:
– length: 280 mm to 320 mm, the lengths being equal within a tolerance of ± 0,5 mm;
– width: 30 mm ± 0,2 mm.
Half the test strips shall be cut parallel to the direction of rolling and the other half
perpendicular, giving an even distribution across the width of the material. The test strips shall
be carefully cut without deformation. Cutting or punching shall be carried out only with well-
sharpened tools. The maximum tolerance between the direction of cutting in relation to the
specified direction shall be ± 5°.
When the width of the material is insufficient for a sampling of test strips to be taken across the
width, the test strips shall be taken in the direction of rolling only.
In the case of measurement of specific total loss on aged test pieces, these shall be heated at
(225 ± 5) °C for a duration of 24 h and shall be cooled to ambient temperature. Other ageing
treatment conditions can also be used by agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
8.3.2 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances
For the measurement of thickness, width, flatness, and edge camber, the test specimen shall
consist of a sheet or a 2 m length of strip.
60404-8-4 © IEC:2013 – 17 –
For the measurement of residual curvature, the test specimen shall consist of a sample
500 mm in length and of width equal to the delivery width of the strip or sheet.
8.3.3 Technological characteristics
8.3.3.1 Stacking factor
The test specimen shall consist of at least 16 strips of the same size; in case of dispute, the
test shall be made with 100 strips. They shall have a width of at least 20 mm and a surface
area of at least 5 000 mm , their widths being equal within a tolerance of ± 0,2 mm, as well as
their lengths. The test strips shall be carefully deburred before the test.
Epstein test strips may be used for this test (see IEC 60404-2 and IEC 60404-13).
8.3.3.2 Number of bends
Two test specimens at least 20 mm wide shall be cut perpendicular to the direction of rolling of
the sheet, at a distance of at least 40 mm from the edge and from the middle, and outside any
welding zones.
If the width of the material is not great enough for transverse test specimens of the prescribed
length to be taken, the test specimens shall be taken in the direction of rolling. In this case, the
values of Tables 1 and 2 also apply.
The test specimens shall be carefully cut, without deformation.
8.3.3.3 Internal stresses
The test specimen shall consist of a sheet or a length of strip of 1 m.
8.4 Test methods
8.4.1 General
For each specified property, one test shall be carried out per acceptance unit. Unless otherwise
specified, the tests shall be made at a temperature of (23 ± 5) °C.
8.4.2 Magnetic properties
8.4.2.1 Magnetic polarization and specific total loss
The test shall be made using a 25 cm Epstein frame in accordance with IEC 60404-2.
As an alternative to the Epstein method, the single sheet tester described in IEC 60404-3 may
be used by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. In this case, the specified
values to be obtained with the single sheet tester may be different from those in Tables 1 and 2
and may be subject to agreement.
8.4.2.2 Anisotropy of loss
Two measurements of the loss in watts per kilogram shall be made, one on 16 Epstein test
strips taken perpendicular to the direction of rolling, and one on 16 Epstein test strips taken
parallel to the direction of rolling.
The anisotropy of the loss T (in percent) is calculated according to the following equation:
P − P
1 2
T= ×100 (1)
P + P
1 2
– 18 – 60404-8-4 © IEC:2013
where
P is the loss, in watts per kilogram, perpendicular to the direction of rolling;
P is the loss, in watts per kilogram, parallel to the direction of rolling.
8.4.3 Geometrical characteristics and tolerances
8.4.3.1 Thickness
The measurement of thickness shall be made at any point located more than 30 mm from the
edges. For materials of width less than 60 mm, the measurement of thickness shall be made
along the longitudinal axis of the sheet. This measurement shall be made using a micrometer
with an accuracy of 0,001 mm.
8.4.3.2 Width
The width shall be measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the product.
8.4.3.3 Edge camber
The edge camber shall be determined in accordance with IEC 60404-9.
8.4.3.4 Flatness (wave factor)
The wave factor shall be determined in accordance with IEC 60404-9.
8.4.3.5 Residual curvature
The residual curvature in the longitudinal direction of the strip shall be determined in
accordance with IEC 60404-9.
8.4.4 Technological characteristics
8.4.4.1 Stacking factor
The stacking factor shall be measured in accordance with IEC 60404-13.
8.4.4.2 Number of bends
The test consists of bending the test specimen through 90° alternately to each side of its initial
position, following the method of bending defined by ISO 7799. The radius of bending chosen
shall be 5 mm.
A bend of 90° from the initial position with return to the initial position counts as one bend.
The test shall be stopped on the appearance in the base metal of the first crack visible to the
naked eye. The last bend shall not be counted.
8.4.4.3 Internal stresses
The internal stresses shall be determined in accordance with IEC 60404-9.
8.5 Retests
When a test does not give the specified result, this test shall be repeated on double the
number of test specimens from other sheets of the acceptance unit or on other strips from
coils. The delivery shall be considered to conform with the order if all results of additional tests
are in accordance with t
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